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KERNEL-INSTALL(8) kernel-install KERNEL-INSTALL(8)
NAME
kernel-install - Add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and from /boot
SYNOPSIS
kernel-install COMMAND [OPTIONS...] KERNEL-VERSION KERNEL-IMAGE [INITRD-FILE...]
DESCRIPTION
kernel-install is used to install and remove kernel and initramfs images to and from the
boot loader partition, referred to as $BOOT here. It will usually be one of /boot/, /efi/,
or /boot/efi/, see below.
kernel-install will execute the files located in the directory /usr/lib/kernel/install.d/
and the local administration directory /etc/kernel/install.d/. All files are collectively
sorted and executed in lexical order, regardless of the directory in which they live.
However, files with identical filenames replace each other. Files in
/etc/kernel/install.d/ take precedence over files with the same name in
/usr/lib/kernel/install.d/. This can be used to override a system-supplied executables
with a local file if needed; a symbolic link in /etc/kernel/install.d/ with the same name
as an executable in /usr/lib/kernel/install.d/, pointing to /dev/null, disables the
executable entirely. Executables must have the extension ".install"; other extensions are
ignored.
An executable should return 0 on success. It may also return 77 to cause the whole
operation to terminate (executables later in lexical order will be skipped).
COMMANDS
The following commands are understood:
add KERNEL-VERSION KERNEL-IMAGE [INITRD-FILE ...]
This command expects a kernel version string and a path to a kernel image file as
arguments. kernel-install calls the executables from
/usr/lib/kernel/install.d/*.install and /etc/kernel/install.d/*.install with the
following arguments:
add KERNEL-VERSION $BOOT/MACHINE-ID/KERNEL-VERSION/ KERNEL-IMAGE [INITRD-FILE ...]
Three default plugins execute the following operations in this case:
o 00-entry-directory.install creates the directory $BOOT/MACHINE-ID/KERNEL-VERSION/
if $BOOT/MACHINE-ID/ already exists.
o 50-depmod.install runs depmod(8) for the KERNEL-VERSION.
o 90-loaderentry.install copies KERNEL-IMAGE to
$BOOT/MACHINE-ID/KERNEL-VERSION/linux. If an INITRD-FILE is provided, it also
copies INITRD-FILE to $BOOT/MACHINE-ID/KERNEL_VERSION/INITRD-FILE. It also creates
a boot loader entry according to the Boot Loader Specification[1] in
$BOOT/loader/entries/MACHINE-ID-KERNEL-VERSION.conf. The title of the entry is the
PRETTY_NAME parameter specified in /etc/os-release or /usr/lib/os-release (if the
former is missing), or "Linux KERNEL-VERSION", if unset.
If the entry directory $BOOT/MACHINE-ID/KERNEL-VERSION/ does not exist, this
plugin does nothing.
remove KERNEL-VERSION
This command expects a kernel version string as single argument. This calls
executables from /usr/lib/kernel/install.d/*.install and
/etc/kernel/install.d/*.install with the following arguments:
remove KERNEL-VERSION $BOOT/MACHINE-ID/KERNEL-VERSION/
Afterwards, kernel-install removes the directory $BOOT/MACHINE-ID/KERNEL-VERSION/ and
its contents.
Two default plugins execute the following operations in this case:
o 50-depmod.install removes the files generated by depmod for this kernel again.
o 90-loaderentry.install removes the file
$BOOT/loader/entries/MACHINE-ID-KERNEL-VERSION.conf.
THE $BOOT PARTITION
The partition where the kernels and Boot Loader Specification[1] snippets are located is
called $BOOT. kernel-install determines the location of this partition by checking /efi/,
/boot/, and /boot/efi/ in turn. The first location where $BOOT/loader/entries/ or
$BOOT/$MACHINE_ID/ exists is used.
OPTIONS
The following options are understood:
-v, --verbose
Output additional information about operations being performed.
-h, --help
Print a short help text and exit.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
If --verbose is used, $KERNEL_INSTALL_VERBOSE=1 will be set for the plugins. They may
output additional logs in this case.
EXIT STATUS
If every executable returns 0 or 77, 0 is returned, and a non-zero failure code otherwise.
FILES
/usr/lib/kernel/install.d/*.install /etc/kernel/install.d/*.install
Drop-in files which are executed by kernel-install.
/etc/kernel/cmdline /proc/cmdline
Read by 90-loaderentry.install. The content of the file /etc/kernel/cmdline specifies
the kernel command line to use. If that file does not exist, /proc/cmdline is used.
/etc/kernel/tries
Read by 90-loaderentry.install. If this file exists a numeric value is read from it
and the naming of the generated entry file is slightly altered to include it as
$BOOT/loader/entries/MACHINE-ID-KERNEL-VERSION+TRIES.conf. This is useful for boot
loaders such as systemd-boot(7) which implement boot attempt counting with a counter
embedded in the entry file name.
/etc/machine-id
The content of this file specifies the machine identification MACHINE-ID. If it cannot
read /etc/machine-id, kernel-install will use "Linux" as the machine ID instead.
/etc/os-release /usr/lib/os-release
The content of the file specifies the operating system title PRETTY_NAME.
SEE ALSO
machine-id(5), os-release(5), depmod(8), systemd-boot(7), Boot Loader Specification[1]
NOTES
1. Boot Loader Specification
https://systemd.io/BOOT_LOADER_SPECIFICATION
systemd 249 KERNEL-INSTALL(8)
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