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rmic(1) Remote Method Invocation (RMI) Tools rmic(1)
NAME
rmic - Generates stub, skeleton, and tie classes for remote objects that use the Java
Remote Method Protocol (JRMP) or Internet Inter-Orb protocol (IIOP). Also generates Object
Management Group (OMG) Interface Definition Language (IDL)
SYNOPSIS
rmic [ options ] package-qualified-class-names
options
The command-line options. See Options.
package-qualified-class-names
Class names that include their packages, for example, java.awt.Color.
DESCRIPTION
Deprecation Note: Support for static generation of Java Remote Method Protocol (JRMP)
stubs and skeletons has been deprecated. Oracle recommends that you use dynamically
generated JRMP stubs instead, eliminating the need to use this tool for JRMP-based
applications. See the java.rmi.server.UnicastRemoteObject specification at
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/rmi/server/UnicastRemoteObject.html for
further information.
The rmic compiler generates stub and skeleton class files using the Java Remote Method
Protocol (JRMP) and stub and tie class files (IIOP protocol) for remote objects. These
class files are generated from compiled Java programming language classes that are remote
object implementation classes. A remote implementation class is a class that implements
the interface java.rmi.Remote. The class names in the rmic command must be for classes
that were compiled successfully with the javac command and must be fully package
qualified. For example, running the rmic command on the class file name HelloImpl as shown
here creates the HelloImpl_Stub.classfile in the hello subdirectory (named for the class's
package):
rmic hello.HelloImpl
A skeleton for a remote object is a JRMP protocol server-side entity that has a method
that dispatches calls to the remote object implementation.
A tie for a remote object is a server-side entity similar to a skeleton, but communicates
with the client with the IIOP protocol.
A stub is a client-side proxy for a remote object that is responsible for communicating
method invocations on remote objects to the server where the actual remote object
implementation resides. A client's reference to a remote object, therefore, is actually a
reference to a local stub.
By default, the rmic command generates stub classes that use the 1.2 JRMP stub protocol
version only, as though the -v1.2 option was specified. The -vcompat option was the
default in releases before 5.0. Use the -iiop option to generate stub and tie classes for
the IIOP protocol. See Options.
A stub implements only the remote interfaces, and not any local interfaces that the remote
object also implements. Because a JRMP stub implements the same set of remote interfaces
as the remote object, a client can use the Java programming language built-in operators
for casting and type checking. For IIOP, the PortableRemoteObject.narrow method must be
used.
OPTIONS
-bootclasspath path
Overrides the location of bootstrap class files.
-classpath path
Specifies the path the rmic command uses to look up classes. This option overrides
the default or the CLASSPATH environment variable when it is set. Directories are
separated by colons. The general format for path is: .:<your_path>, for example:
.:/usr/local/java/classes.
-d directory
Specifies the root destination directory for the generated class hierarchy. You can
use this option to specify a destination directory for the stub, skeleton, and tie
files. For example, the following command places the stub and skeleton classes
derived from MyClass into the directory /java/classes/exampleclass.
rmic -d /java/classes exampleclass.MyClass
If the -d option is not specified, then the default behavior is as if -d . was
specified. The package hierarchy of the target class is created in the current
directory, and stub/tie/skeleton files are placed within it. In some earlier
releases of the rmic command, if the -d option was not specified, then the package
hierarchy was not created, and all of the output files were placed directly in the
current directory.
-extdirs path
Overrides the location of installed extensions.
-g
Enables the generation of all debugging information, including local variables. By
default, only line number information is generated.
-idl
Causes the rmic command to generate OMG IDL for the classes specified and any
classes referenced. IDL provides a purely declarative, programming language-
independent way to specify an API for an object. The IDL is used as a specification
for methods and data that can be written in and called from any language that
provides CORBA bindings. This includes Java and C++ among others. See Java IDL: IDL
to Java Language Mapping at
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/idl/mapping/jidlMapping.html
When the -idl option is used, other options also include:
o The -always or -alwaysgenerate options force regeneration even when existing
stubs/ties/IDL are newer than the input class.
o The -factory option uses the factory keyword in generated IDL.
o The -idlModule from JavaPackage[.class]toIDLModule specifies IDLEntity package
mapping, for example: -idlModulemy.module my::real::idlmod.
o -idlFilefromJavaPackage[.class] toIDLFile specifies IDLEntity file mapping, for
example: -idlFile test.pkg.X TEST16.idl.
-iiop
Causes the rmic command to generate IIOP stub and tie classes, rather than JRMP
stub and skeleton classes. A stub class is a local proxy for a remote object and is
used by clients to send calls to a server. Each remote interface requires a stub
class, which implements that remote interface. A client reference to a remote
object is a reference to a stub. Tie classes are used on the server side to process
incoming calls, and dispatch the calls to the proper implementation class. Each
implementation class requires a tie class.
If you call the rmic command with the -iiop, then it generates stubs and ties that
conform to this naming convention:
_<implementationName>_stub.class
_<interfaceName>_tie.class
o When you use the -iiop option, other options also include:
o The -always or -alwaysgenerate options force regeneration even when existing
stubs/ties/IDL are newer than the input class.
o The -nolocalstubs option means do not create stubs optimized for same-process
clients and servers.
o The -noValueMethods option must be used with the -idl option. The -noValueMethods
option prevents the addition of valuetype methods and initializers to emitted
IDL. These methods and initializers are optional for valuetypes, and are
generated unless the -noValueMethods option is specified with the -idl option.
o The -poa option changes the inheritance from
org.omg.CORBA_2_3.portable.ObjectImpl to org.omg.PortableServer.Servant. The
PortableServer module for the Portable Object Adapter (POA) defines the native
Servant type. In the Java programming language, the Servant type is mapped to the
Java org.omg.PortableServer.Servant class. It serves as the base class for all
POA servant implementations and provides a number of methods that can be called
by the application programmer, and methods that are called by the POA and that
can be overridden by the user to control aspects of servant behavior. Based on
the OMG IDL to Java Language Mapping Specification, CORBA V 2.3.1
ptc/00-01-08.pdf..RE
-J
Used with any Java command, the -J option passes the argument that follows the -J
(no spaces between the -Jand the argument) to the Java interpreter
-keep or -keepgenerated
Retains the generated .java source files for the stub, skeleton, and tie classes
and writes them to the same directory as the.class files.
-nowarn
Turns off warnings. When the -nowarn options is used. The compiler does not print
out any warnings.
-nowrite
Does not write compiled classes to the file system.
-vcompat (deprecated)
Generates stub and skeleton classes that are compatible with both the 1.1 and 1.2
JRMP stub protocol versions. This option was the default in releases before 5.0.
The generated stub classes use the 1.1 stub protocol version when loaded in a JDK
1.1 virtual machine and use the 1.2 stub protocol version when loaded into a 1.2
(or later) virtual machine. The generated skeleton classes support both 1.1 and
1.2 stub protocol versions. The generated classes are relatively large to support
both modes of operation. Note: This option has been deprecated. See Description.
-verbose
Causes the compiler and linker to print out messages about what classes are being
compiled and what class files are being loaded.
-v1.1 (deprecated)
Generates stub and skeleton classes for the 1.1 JRMP stub protocol version only.
The -v1.1 option is only useful for generating stub classes that are
serialization-compatible with preexisting, statically deployed stub classes that
were generated by the rmic command from JDK 1.1 and that cannot be upgraded (and
dynamic class loading is not being used). Note: This option has been deprecated.
See Description.
-v1.2 (deprecated)
(Default) Generates stub classes for the 1.2 JRMP stub protocol version only. No
skeleton classes are generated because skeleton classes are not used with the 1.2
stub protocol version. The generated stub classes do not work when they are
loaded into a JDK 1.1 virtual machine. Note: This option has been deprecated. See
Description.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
CLASSPATH
Used to provide the system a path to user-defined classes. Directories are
separated by colons, for example: .:/usr/local/java/classes.
SEE ALSO
o javac(1)
o java(1)
o Setting the Class Path
JDK 8 21 November 2013 rmic(1)
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On Apache
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