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OPENSSL-S_TIME(1SSL)                           OpenSSL                          OPENSSL-S_TIME(1SSL)



NAME
       openssl-s_time - SSL/TLS performance timing program

SYNOPSIS
       openssl s_time [-help] [-connect host:port] [-www page] [-cert filename] [-key filename]
       [-reuse] [-new] [-verify depth] [-time seconds] [-ssl3] [-tls1] [-tls1_1] [-tls1_2] [-tls1_3]
       [-bugs] [-cipher cipherlist] [-ciphersuites val] [-nameopt option] [-cafile file] [-CAfile
       file] [-no-CAfile] [-CApath dir] [-no-CApath] [-CAstore uri] [-no-CAstore] [-provider name]
       [-provider-path path] [-propquery propq]

DESCRIPTION
       This command implements a generic SSL/TLS client which connects to a remote host using
       SSL/TLS. It can request a page from the server and includes the time to transfer the payload
       data in its timing measurements.  It measures the number of connections within a given
       timeframe, the amount of data transferred (if any), and calculates the average time spent for
       one connection.

OPTIONS
       -help
           Print out a usage message.

       -connect host:port
           This specifies the host and optional port to connect to.

       -www page
           This specifies the page to GET from the server. A value of '/' gets the index.html page.
           If this parameter is not specified, then this command will only perform the handshake to
           establish SSL connections but not transfer any payload data.

       -cert certname
           The certificate to use, if one is requested by the server. The default is not to use a
           certificate. The file is in PEM format.

       -key keyfile
           The private key to use. If not specified then the certificate file will be used. The file
           is in PEM format.

       -verify depth
           The verify depth to use. This specifies the maximum length of the server certificate
           chain and turns on server certificate verification.  Currently the verify operation
           continues after errors so all the problems with a certificate chain can be seen. As a
           side effect the connection will never fail due to a server certificate verify failure.

       -new
           Performs the timing test using a new session ID for each connection.  If neither -new nor
           -reuse are specified, they are both on by default and executed in sequence.

       -reuse
           Performs the timing test using the same session ID; this can be used as a test that
           session caching is working. If neither -new nor -reuse are specified, they are both on by
           default and executed in sequence.

       -bugs
           There are several known bugs in SSL and TLS implementations. Adding this option enables
           various workarounds.

       -cipher cipherlist
           This allows the TLSv1.2 and below cipher list sent by the client to be modified.  This
           list will be combined with any TLSv1.3 ciphersuites that have been configured. Although
           the server determines which cipher suite is used it should take the first supported
           cipher in the list sent by the client. See openssl-ciphers(1) for more information.

       -ciphersuites val
           This allows the TLSv1.3 ciphersuites sent by the client to be modified. This list will be
           combined with any TLSv1.2 and below ciphersuites that have been configured. Although the
           server determines which cipher suite is used it should take the first supported cipher in
           the list sent by the client. See openssl-ciphers(1) for more information. The format for
           this list is a simple colon (":") separated list of TLSv1.3 ciphersuite names.

       -time length
           Specifies how long (in seconds) this command should establish connections and optionally
           transfer payload data from a server. Server and client performance and the link speed
           determine how many connections it can establish.

       -nameopt option
           This specifies how the subject or issuer names are displayed.  See
           openssl-namedisplay-options(1) for details.

       -CAfile file, -no-CAfile, -CApath dir, -no-CApath, -CAstore uri, -no-CAstore
           See "Trusted Certificate Options" in openssl-verification-options(1) for details.

       -provider name
       -provider-path path
       -propquery propq
           See "Provider Options" in openssl(1), provider(7), and property(7).

       -cafile file
           This is an obsolete synonym for -CAfile.

       -ssl3, -tls1, -tls1_1, -tls1_2, -tls1_3
           See "TLS Version Options" in openssl(1).

NOTES
       This command can be used to measure the performance of an SSL connection.  To connect to an
       SSL HTTP server and get the default page the command

        openssl s_time -connect servername:443 -www / -CApath yourdir -CAfile yourfile.pem -cipher commoncipher [-ssl3]

       would typically be used (https uses port 443). commoncipher is a cipher to which both client
       and server can agree, see the openssl-ciphers(1) command for details.

       If the handshake fails then there are several possible causes, if it is nothing obvious like
       no client certificate then the -bugs and -ssl3 options can be tried in case it is a buggy
       server. In particular you should play with these options before submitting a bug report to an
       OpenSSL mailing list.

       A frequent problem when attempting to get client certificates working is that a web client
       complains it has no certificates or gives an empty list to choose from. This is normally
       because the server is not sending the clients certificate authority in its "acceptable CA
       list" when it requests a certificate. By using openssl-s_client(1) the CA list can be viewed
       and checked. However, some servers only request client authentication after a specific URL is
       requested. To obtain the list in this case it is necessary to use the -prexit option of
       openssl-s_client(1) and send an HTTP request for an appropriate page.

       If a certificate is specified on the command line using the -cert option it will not be used
       unless the server specifically requests a client certificate. Therefore, merely including a
       client certificate on the command line is no guarantee that the certificate works.

BUGS
       Because this program does not have all the options of the openssl-s_client(1) program to turn
       protocols on and off, you may not be able to measure the performance of all protocols with
       all servers.

       The -verify option should really exit if the server verification fails.

HISTORY
       The -cafile option was deprecated in OpenSSL 3.0.

SEE ALSO
       openssl(1), openssl-s_client(1), openssl-s_server(1), openssl-ciphers(1), ossl_store-file(7)

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright 2004-2021 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.

       Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License").  You may not use this file except in
       compliance with the License.  You can obtain a copy in the file LICENSE in the source
       distribution or at <https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.



3.0.2                                        2026-06-02                         OPENSSL-S_TIME(1SSL)