2026-10-07 13:13 @216.73.217.162
CrawledBy Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)
SMTP(8postfix) SMTP(8postfix) NAME smtp - Postfix SMTP+LMTP client SYNOPSIS smtp [generic Postfix daemon options] [flags=DORX] DESCRIPTION The Postfix SMTP+LMTP client implements the SMTP and LMTP mail delivery protocols. It processes message delivery requests from the queue manager. Each request specifies a queue file, a sender address, a domain or host to deliver to, and recipient information. This pro‐ gram expects to be run from the master(8) process manager. The SMTP+LMTP client updates the queue file and marks recipients as finished, or it informs the queue manager that delivery should be tried again at a later time. Delivery status re‐ ports are sent to the bounce(8), defer(8) or trace(8) daemon as appropriate. The SMTP+LMTP client looks up a list of mail exchanger addresses for the destination host, sorts the list by preference, and connects to each listed address until it finds a server that responds. When a server is not reachable, or when mail delivery fails due to a recoverable error condi‐ tion, the SMTP+LMTP client will try to deliver the mail to an alternate host. After a successful mail transaction, a connection may be saved to the scache(8) connection cache server, so that it may be used by any SMTP+LMTP client for a subsequent transaction. By default, connection caching is enabled temporarily for destinations that have a high vol‐ ume of mail in the active queue. Connection caching can be enabled permanently for specific destinations. SMTP DESTINATION SYNTAX The Postfix SMTP+LMTP client supports multiple destinations separated by comma or whitespace (Postfix 3.5 and later). SMTP destinations have the following form: domainname domainname:port Look up the mail exchangers for the specified domain, and connect to the specified port (default: smtp). [hostname] [hostname]:port Look up the address(es) of the specified host, and connect to the specified port (de‐ fault: smtp). [address] [address]:port Connect to the host at the specified address, and connect to the specified port (de‐ fault: smtp). An IPv6 address must be formatted as [ipv6:address]. LMTP DESTINATION SYNTAX The Postfix SMTP+LMTP client supports multiple destinations separated by comma or whitespace (Postfix 3.5 and later). LMTP destinations have the following form: unix:pathname Connect to the local UNIX-domain server that is bound to the specified pathname. If the process runs chrooted, an absolute pathname is interpreted relative to the Postfix queue directory. inet:hostname inet:hostname:port inet:[address] inet:[address]:port Connect to the specified TCP port on the specified local or remote host. If no port is specified, connect to the port defined as lmtp in services(4). If no such service is found, the lmtp_tcp_port configuration parameter (default value of 24) will be used. An IPv6 address must be formatted as [ipv6:address]. SINGLE-RECIPIENT DELIVERY By default, the Postfix SMTP+LMTP client delivers mail to multiple recipients per delivery request. This is undesirable when prepending a Delivered-to: or X-Original-To: message header. To prevent Postfix from sending multiple recipients per delivery request, specify transport_destination_recipient_limit = 1 in the Postfix main.cf file, where transport is the name in the first column of the Postfix master.cf entry for this mail delivery service. COMMAND ATTRIBUTE SYNTAX flags=DORX (optional) Optional message processing flags. D Prepend a "Delivered-To: recipient" message header with the envelope recipient address. Note: for this to work, the transport_destination_recipient_limit must be 1 (see SINGLE-RECIPIENT DELIVERY above for details). The D flag also enforces loop detection: if a message already contains a Deliv‐ ered-To: header with the same recipient address, then the message is returned as undeliverable. The address comparison is case insensitive. This feature is available as of Postfix 3.5. O Prepend an "X-Original-To: recipient" message header with the recipient address as given to Postfix. Note: for this to work, the transport_destination_recipi‐ ent_limit must be 1 (see SINGLE-RECIPIENT DELIVERY above for details). This feature is available as of Postfix 3.5. R Prepend a "Return-Path: <sender>" message header with the envelope sender ad‐ dress. This feature is available as of Postfix 3.5. X Indicates that the delivery is final. This flag affects the status reported in "success" DSN (delivery status notification) messages, and changes it from "re‐ layed" into "delivered". This feature is available as of Postfix 3.5. SECURITY The SMTP+LMTP client is moderately security-sensitive. It talks to SMTP or LMTP servers and to DNS servers on the network. The SMTP+LMTP client can be run chrooted at fixed low privilege. STANDARDS RFC 821 (SMTP protocol) RFC 822 (ARPA Internet Text Messages) RFC 1651 (SMTP service extensions) RFC 1652 (8bit-MIME transport) RFC 1870 (Message Size Declaration) RFC 2033 (LMTP protocol) RFC 2034 (SMTP Enhanced Error Codes) RFC 2045 (MIME: Format of Internet Message Bodies) RFC 2046 (MIME: Media Types) RFC 2554 (AUTH command) RFC 2821 (SMTP protocol) RFC 2782 (SRV resource records) RFC 2920 (SMTP Pipelining) RFC 3207 (STARTTLS command) RFC 3461 (SMTP DSN Extension) RFC 3463 (Enhanced Status Codes) RFC 4954 (AUTH command) RFC 5321 (SMTP protocol) RFC 6531 (Internationalized SMTP) RFC 6533 (Internationalized Delivery Status Notifications) RFC 7672 (SMTP security via opportunistic DANE TLS) DIAGNOSTICS Problems and transactions are logged to syslogd(8) or postlogd(8). Corrupted message files are marked so that the queue manager can move them to the corrupt queue for further inspec‐ tion. Depending on the setting of the notify_classes parameter, the postmaster is notified of bounces, protocol problems, and of other trouble. BUGS SMTP and LMTP connection reuse for TLS (without closing the SMTP or LMTP connection) is not supported before Postfix 3.4. SMTP and LMTP connection reuse assumes that SASL credentials are valid for all destinations that map onto the same IP address and TCP port. CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS Before Postfix version 2.3, the LMTP client is a separate program that implements only a sub‐ set of the functionality available with SMTP: there is no support for TLS, and connections are cached in-process, making it ineffective when the client is used for multiple domains. Most smtp_xxx configuration parameters have an lmtp_xxx "mirror" parameter for the equivalent LMTP feature. This document describes only those LMTP-related parameters that aren't simply "mirror" parameters. Changes to main.cf are picked up automatically, as smtp(8) processes run for only a limited amount of time. Use the command "postfix reload" to speed up a change. The text below provides only a parameter summary. See postconf(5) for more details including examples. COMPATIBILITY CONTROLS ignore_mx_lookup_error (no) Ignore DNS MX lookups that produce no response. smtp_always_send_ehlo (yes) Always send EHLO at the start of an SMTP session. smtp_never_send_ehlo (no) Never send EHLO at the start of an SMTP session. smtp_defer_if_no_mx_address_found (no) Defer mail delivery when no MX record resolves to an IP address. smtp_line_length_limit (998) The maximal length of message header and body lines that Postfix will send via SMTP. smtp_pix_workaround_delay_time (10s) How long the Postfix SMTP client pauses before sending ".<CR><LF>" in order to work around the PIX firewall "<CR><LF>.<CR><LF>" bug. smtp_pix_workaround_threshold_time (500s) How long a message must be queued before the Postfix SMTP client turns on the PIX firewall "<CR><LF>.<CR><LF>" bug workaround for delivery through firewalls with "smtp fixup" mode turned on. smtp_pix_workarounds (disable_esmtp, delay_dotcrlf) A list that specifies zero or more workarounds for CISCO PIX firewall bugs. smtp_pix_workaround_maps (empty) Lookup tables, indexed by the remote SMTP server address, with per-destination workarounds for CISCO PIX firewall bugs. smtp_quote_rfc821_envelope (yes) Quote addresses in Postfix SMTP client MAIL FROM and RCPT TO commands as required by RFC 5321. smtp_reply_filter (empty) A mechanism to transform replies from remote SMTP servers one line at a time. smtp_skip_5xx_greeting (yes) Skip remote SMTP servers that greet with a 5XX status code. smtp_skip_quit_response (yes) Do not wait for the response to the SMTP QUIT command. Available in Postfix version 2.0 and earlier: smtp_skip_4xx_greeting (yes) Skip SMTP servers that greet with a 4XX status code (go away, try again later). Available in Postfix version 2.2 and later: smtp_discard_ehlo_keyword_address_maps (empty) Lookup tables, indexed by the remote SMTP server address, with case insensitive lists of EHLO keywords (pipelining, starttls, auth, etc.) that the Postfix SMTP client will ignore in the EHLO response from a remote SMTP server. smtp_discard_ehlo_keywords (empty) A case insensitive list of EHLO keywords (pipelining, starttls, auth, etc.) that the Postfix SMTP client will ignore in the EHLO response from a remote SMTP server. smtp_generic_maps (empty) Optional lookup tables that perform address rewriting in the Postfix SMTP client, typ‐ ically to transform a locally valid address into a globally valid address when sending mail across the Internet. Available in Postfix version 2.2.9 and later: smtp_cname_overrides_servername (version dependent) When the remote SMTP servername is a DNS CNAME, replace the servername with the result from CNAME expansion for the purpose of logging, SASL password lookup, TLS policy de‐ cisions, or TLS certificate verification. Available in Postfix version 2.3 and later: lmtp_discard_lhlo_keyword_address_maps (empty) Lookup tables, indexed by the remote LMTP server address, with case insensitive lists of LHLO keywords (pipelining, starttls, auth, etc.) that the Postfix LMTP client will ignore in the LHLO response from a remote LMTP server. lmtp_discard_lhlo_keywords (empty) A case insensitive list of LHLO keywords (pipelining, starttls, auth, etc.) that the Postfix LMTP client will ignore in the LHLO response from a remote LMTP server. Available in Postfix version 2.4.4 and later: send_cyrus_sasl_authzid (no) When authenticating to a remote SMTP or LMTP server with the default setting "no", send no SASL authoriZation ID (authzid); send only the SASL authentiCation ID (auth‐ cid) plus the authcid's password. Available in Postfix version 2.5 and later: smtp_header_checks (empty) Restricted header_checks(5) tables for the Postfix SMTP client. smtp_mime_header_checks (empty) Restricted mime_header_checks(5) tables for the Postfix SMTP client. smtp_nested_header_checks (empty) Restricted nested_header_checks(5) tables for the Postfix SMTP client. smtp_body_checks (empty) Restricted body_checks(5) tables for the Postfix SMTP client. Available in Postfix version 2.6 and later: tcp_windowsize (0) An optional workaround for routers that break TCP window scaling. Available in Postfix version 2.8 and later: smtp_dns_resolver_options (empty) DNS Resolver options for the Postfix SMTP client. Available in Postfix version 2.9 - 3.6: smtp_per_record_deadline (no) Change the behavior of the smtp_*_timeout time limits, from a time limit per read or write system call, to a time limit to send or receive a complete record (an SMTP com‐ mand line, SMTP response line, SMTP message content line, or TLS protocol message). Available in Postfix version 2.9 and later: smtp_send_dummy_mail_auth (no) Whether or not to append the "AUTH=<>" option to the MAIL FROM command in SASL-authen‐ ticated SMTP sessions. Available in Postfix version 2.11 and later: smtp_dns_support_level (empty) Level of DNS support in the Postfix SMTP client. Available in Postfix version 3.0 and later: smtp_delivery_status_filter ($default_delivery_status_filter) Optional filter for the smtp(8) delivery agent to change the delivery status code or explanatory text of successful or unsuccessful deliveries. smtp_dns_reply_filter (empty) Optional filter for Postfix SMTP client DNS lookup results. Available in Postfix version 3.3 and later: smtp_balance_inet_protocols (yes) When a remote destination resolves to a combination of IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, ensure that the Postfix SMTP client can try both address types before it runs into the smtp_mx_address_limit. Available in Postfix 3.5 and later: info_log_address_format (external) The email address form that will be used in non-debug logging (info, warning, etc.). Available in Postfix 3.6 and later: dnssec_probe (ns:.) The DNS query type (default: "ns") and DNS query name (default: ".") that Postfix may use to determine whether DNSSEC validation is available. known_tcp_ports (lmtp=24, smtp=25, smtps=submissions=465, submission=587) Optional setting that avoids lookups in the services(5) database. Available in Postfix version 3.7 and later: smtp_per_request_deadline (no) Change the behavior of the smtp_*_timeout time limits, from a time limit per plaintext or TLS read or write call, to a combined time limit for sending a complete SMTP re‐ quest and for receiving a complete SMTP response. smtp_min_data_rate (500) The minimum plaintext data transfer rate in bytes/second for DATA requests, when dead‐ lines are enabled with smtp_per_request_deadline. header_from_format (standard) The format of the Postfix-generated From: header. Available in Postfix version 3.8 and later: use_srv_lookup (empty) Enables discovery for the specified service(s) using DNS SRV records. ignore_srv_lookup_error (no) When SRV record lookup fails, fall back to MX or IP address lookup as if SRV record lookup was not enabled. allow_srv_lookup_fallback (no) When SRV record lookup fails or no SRV record exists, fall back to MX or IP address lookup as if SRV record lookup was not enabled. MIME PROCESSING CONTROLS Available in Postfix version 2.0 and later: disable_mime_output_conversion (no) Disable the conversion of 8BITMIME format to 7BIT format. mime_boundary_length_limit (2048) The maximal length of MIME multipart boundary strings. mime_nesting_limit (100) The maximal recursion level that the MIME processor will handle. EXTERNAL CONTENT INSPECTION CONTROLS Available in Postfix version 2.1 and later: smtp_send_xforward_command (no) Send the non-standard XFORWARD command when the Postfix SMTP server EHLO response an‐ nounces XFORWARD support. SASL AUTHENTICATION CONTROLS smtp_sasl_auth_enable (no) Enable SASL authentication in the Postfix SMTP client. smtp_sasl_password_maps (empty) Optional Postfix SMTP client lookup tables with one username:password entry per sender, remote hostname or next-hop domain. smtp_sasl_security_options (noplaintext, noanonymous) Postfix SMTP client SASL security options; as of Postfix 2.3 the list of available features depends on the SASL client implementation that is selected with smtp_sasl_type. Available in Postfix version 2.2 and later: smtp_sasl_mechanism_filter (empty) If non-empty, a Postfix SMTP client filter for the remote SMTP server's list of of‐ fered SASL mechanisms. Available in Postfix version 2.3 and later: smtp_sender_dependent_authentication (no) Enable sender-dependent authentication in the Postfix SMTP client; this is available only with SASL authentication, and disables SMTP connection caching to ensure that mail from different senders will use the appropriate credentials. smtp_sasl_path (empty) Implementation-specific information that the Postfix SMTP client passes through to the SASL plug-in implementation that is selected with smtp_sasl_type. smtp_sasl_type (cyrus) The SASL plug-in type that the Postfix SMTP client should use for authentication. Available in Postfix version 2.5 and later: smtp_sasl_auth_cache_name (empty) An optional table to prevent repeated SASL authentication failures with the same re‐ mote SMTP server hostname, username and password. smtp_sasl_auth_cache_time (90d) The maximal age of an smtp_sasl_auth_cache_name entry before it is removed. smtp_sasl_auth_soft_bounce (yes) When a remote SMTP server rejects a SASL authentication request with a 535 reply code, defer mail delivery instead of returning mail as undeliverable. Available in Postfix version 2.9 and later: smtp_send_dummy_mail_auth (no) Whether or not to append the "AUTH=<>" option to the MAIL FROM command in SASL-authen‐ ticated SMTP sessions. STARTTLS SUPPORT CONTROLS Detailed information about STARTTLS configuration may be found in the TLS_README document. smtp_tls_security_level (empty) The default SMTP TLS security level for the Postfix SMTP client. smtp_sasl_tls_security_options ($smtp_sasl_security_options) The SASL authentication security options that the Postfix SMTP client uses for TLS en‐ crypted SMTP sessions. smtp_starttls_timeout (300s) Time limit for Postfix SMTP client write and read operations during TLS startup and shutdown handshake procedures. smtp_tls_CAfile (empty) A file containing CA certificates of root CAs trusted to sign either remote SMTP server certificates or intermediate CA certificates. smtp_tls_CApath (empty) Directory with PEM format Certification Authority certificates that the Postfix SMTP client uses to verify a remote SMTP server certificate. smtp_tls_cert_file (empty) File with the Postfix SMTP client RSA certificate in PEM format. smtp_tls_mandatory_ciphers (medium) The minimum TLS cipher grade that the Postfix SMTP client will use with mandatory TLS encryption. smtp_tls_exclude_ciphers (empty) List of ciphers or cipher types to exclude from the Postfix SMTP client cipher list at all TLS security levels. smtp_tls_mandatory_exclude_ciphers (empty) Additional list of ciphers or cipher types to exclude from the Postfix SMTP client ci‐ pher list at mandatory TLS security levels. smtp_tls_dcert_file (empty) File with the Postfix SMTP client DSA certificate in PEM format. smtp_tls_dkey_file ($smtp_tls_dcert_file) File with the Postfix SMTP client DSA private key in PEM format. smtp_tls_key_file ($smtp_tls_cert_file) File with the Postfix SMTP client RSA private key in PEM format. smtp_tls_loglevel (0) Enable additional Postfix SMTP client logging of TLS activity. smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer (no) Log the hostname of a remote SMTP server that offers STARTTLS, when TLS is not already enabled for that server. smtp_tls_policy_maps (empty) Optional lookup tables with the Postfix SMTP client TLS security policy by next-hop destination; when a non-empty value is specified, this overrides the obsolete smtp_tls_per_site parameter. smtp_tls_mandatory_protocols (see 'postconf -d' output) TLS protocols that the Postfix SMTP client will use with mandatory TLS encryption. smtp_tls_scert_verifydepth (9) The verification depth for remote SMTP server certificates. smtp_tls_secure_cert_match (nexthop, dot-nexthop) How the Postfix SMTP client verifies the server certificate peername for the "secure" TLS security level. smtp_tls_session_cache_database (empty) Name of the file containing the optional Postfix SMTP client TLS session cache. smtp_tls_session_cache_timeout (3600s) The expiration time of Postfix SMTP client TLS session cache information. smtp_tls_verify_cert_match (hostname) How the Postfix SMTP client verifies the server certificate peername for the "verify" TLS security level. tls_daemon_random_bytes (32) The number of pseudo-random bytes that an smtp(8) or smtpd(8) process requests from the tlsmgr(8) server in order to seed its internal pseudo random number generator (PRNG). tls_high_cipherlist (see 'postconf -d' output) The OpenSSL cipherlist for "high" grade ciphers. tls_medium_cipherlist (see 'postconf -d' output) The OpenSSL cipherlist for "medium" or higher grade ciphers. tls_null_cipherlist (eNULL:!aNULL) The OpenSSL cipherlist for "NULL" grade ciphers that provide authentication without encryption. Available in in Postfix version 2.3..3.7: tls_low_cipherlist (see 'postconf -d' output) The OpenSSL cipherlist for "low" or higher grade ciphers. tls_export_cipherlist (see 'postconf -d' output) The OpenSSL cipherlist for "export" or higher grade ciphers. Available in Postfix version 2.4 and later: smtp_sasl_tls_verified_security_options ($smtp_sasl_tls_security_options) The SASL authentication security options that the Postfix SMTP client uses for TLS en‐ crypted SMTP sessions with a verified server certificate. Available in Postfix version 2.5 and later: smtp_tls_fingerprint_cert_match (empty) List of acceptable remote SMTP server certificate fingerprints for the "fingerprint" TLS security level (smtp_tls_security_level = fingerprint). smtp_tls_fingerprint_digest (see 'postconf -d' output) The message digest algorithm used to construct remote SMTP server certificate finger‐ prints. Available in Postfix version 2.6 and later: smtp_tls_protocols (see postconf -d output) TLS protocols that the Postfix SMTP client will use with opportunistic TLS encryption. smtp_tls_ciphers (medium) The minimum TLS cipher grade that the Postfix SMTP client will use with opportunistic TLS encryption. smtp_tls_eccert_file (empty) File with the Postfix SMTP client ECDSA certificate in PEM format. smtp_tls_eckey_file ($smtp_tls_eccert_file) File with the Postfix SMTP client ECDSA private key in PEM format. Available in Postfix version 2.7 and later: smtp_tls_block_early_mail_reply (no) Try to detect a mail hijacking attack based on a TLS protocol vulnerability (CVE-2009-3555), where an attacker prepends malicious HELO, MAIL, RCPT, DATA commands to a Postfix SMTP client TLS session. Available in Postfix version 2.8 and later: tls_disable_workarounds (see 'postconf -d' output) List or bit-mask of OpenSSL bug work-arounds to disable. Available in Postfix version 2.11-3.1: tls_dane_digest_agility (on) Configure RFC7671 DANE TLSA digest algorithm agility. tls_dane_trust_anchor_digest_enable (yes) Enable support for RFC 6698 (DANE TLSA) DNS records that contain digests of trust-an‐ chors with certificate usage "2". Available in Postfix version 2.11 and later: smtp_tls_trust_anchor_file (empty) Zero or more PEM-format files with trust-anchor certificates and/or public keys. smtp_tls_force_insecure_host_tlsa_lookup (no) Lookup the associated DANE TLSA RRset even when a hostname is not an alias and its ad‐ dress records lie in an unsigned zone. tlsmgr_service_name (tlsmgr) The name of the tlsmgr(8) service entry in master.cf. Available in Postfix version 3.0 and later: smtp_tls_wrappermode (no) Request that the Postfix SMTP client connects using the SUBMISSIONS/SMTPS protocol in‐ stead of using the STARTTLS command. Available in Postfix version 3.1 and later: smtp_tls_dane_insecure_mx_policy (see 'postconf -d' output) The TLS policy for MX hosts with "secure" TLSA records when the nexthop destination security level is dane, but the MX record was found via an "insecure" MX lookup. Available in Postfix version 3.2 and later: tls_eecdh_auto_curves (see 'postconf -d' output) The prioritized list of elliptic curves supported by the Postfix SMTP client and server. Available in Postfix version 3.4 and later: smtp_tls_connection_reuse (no) Try to make multiple deliveries per TLS-encrypted connection. smtp_tls_chain_files (empty) List of one or more PEM files, each holding one or more private keys directly followed by a corresponding certificate chain. smtp_tls_servername (empty) Optional name to send to the remote SMTP server in the TLS Server Name Indication (SNI) extension. Available in Postfix 3.5, 3.4.6, 3.3.5, 3.2.10, 3.1.13 and later: tls_fast_shutdown_enable (yes) A workaround for implementations that hang Postfix while shutting down a TLS session, until Postfix times out. Available in Postfix version 3.8 and later: tls_ffdhe_auto_groups (see 'postconf -d' output) The prioritized list of finite-field Diffie-Hellman ephemeral (FFDHE) key exchange groups supported by the Postfix SMTP client and server. Available in Postfix 3.9, 3.8.1, 3.7.6, 3.6.10, 3.5.20 and later: tls_config_file (default) Optional configuration file with baseline OpenSSL settings. tls_config_name (empty) The application name passed by Postfix to OpenSSL library initialization functions. OBSOLETE STARTTLS CONTROLS The following configuration parameters exist for compatibility with Postfix versions before 2.3. Support for these will be removed in a future release. smtp_use_tls (no) Opportunistic mode: use TLS when a remote SMTP server announces STARTTLS support, oth‐ erwise send the mail in the clear. smtp_enforce_tls (no) Enforcement mode: require that remote SMTP servers use TLS encryption, and never send mail in the clear. smtp_tls_enforce_peername (yes) With mandatory TLS encryption, require that the remote SMTP server hostname matches the information in the remote SMTP server certificate. smtp_tls_per_site (empty) Optional lookup tables with the Postfix SMTP client TLS usage policy by next-hop des‐ tination and by remote SMTP server hostname. smtp_tls_cipherlist (empty) Obsolete Postfix < 2.3 control for the Postfix SMTP client TLS cipher list. RESOURCE AND RATE CONTROLS smtp_connect_timeout (30s) The Postfix SMTP client time limit for completing a TCP connection, or zero (use the operating system built-in time limit). smtp_helo_timeout (300s) The Postfix SMTP client time limit for sending the HELO or EHLO command, and for re‐ ceiving the initial remote SMTP server response. lmtp_lhlo_timeout (300s) The Postfix LMTP client time limit for sending the LHLO command, and for receiving the initial remote LMTP server response. smtp_xforward_timeout (300s) The Postfix SMTP client time limit for sending the XFORWARD command, and for receiving the remote SMTP server response. smtp_mail_timeout (300s) The Postfix SMTP client time limit for sending the MAIL FROM command, and for receiv‐ ing the remote SMTP server response. smtp_rcpt_timeout (300s) The Postfix SMTP client time limit for sending the SMTP RCPT TO command, and for re‐ ceiving the remote SMTP server response. smtp_data_init_timeout (120s) The Postfix SMTP client time limit for sending the SMTP DATA command, and for receiv‐ ing the remote SMTP server response. smtp_data_xfer_timeout (180s) The Postfix SMTP client time limit for sending the SMTP message content. smtp_data_done_timeout (600s) The Postfix SMTP client time limit for sending the SMTP ".", and for receiving the re‐ mote SMTP server response. smtp_quit_timeout (300s) The Postfix SMTP client time limit for sending the QUIT command, and for receiving the remote SMTP server response. Available in Postfix version 2.1 and later: smtp_mx_address_limit (5) The maximal number of MX (mail exchanger) IP addresses that can result from Postfix SMTP client mail exchanger lookups, or zero (no limit). smtp_mx_session_limit (2) The maximal number of SMTP sessions per delivery request before the Postfix SMTP client gives up or delivers to a fall-back relay host, or zero (no limit). smtp_rset_timeout (20s) The Postfix SMTP client time limit for sending the RSET command, and for receiving the remote SMTP server response. Available in Postfix version 2.2 and earlier: lmtp_cache_connection (yes) Keep Postfix LMTP client connections open for up to $max_idle seconds. Available in Postfix version 2.2 and later: smtp_connection_cache_destinations (empty) Permanently enable SMTP connection caching for the specified destinations. smtp_connection_cache_on_demand (yes) Temporarily enable SMTP connection caching while a destination has a high volume of mail in the active queue. smtp_connection_reuse_time_limit (300s) The amount of time during which Postfix will use an SMTP connection repeatedly. smtp_connection_cache_time_limit (2s) When SMTP connection caching is enabled, the amount of time that an unused SMTP client socket is kept open before it is closed. Available in Postfix version 2.3 and later: connection_cache_protocol_timeout (5s) Time limit for connection cache connect, send or receive operations. Available in Postfix version 2.9 - 3.6: smtp_per_record_deadline (no) Change the behavior of the smtp_*_timeout time limits, from a time limit per read or write system call, to a time limit to send or receive a complete record (an SMTP com‐ mand line, SMTP response line, SMTP message content line, or TLS protocol message). Available in Postfix version 2.11 and later: smtp_connection_reuse_count_limit (0) When SMTP connection caching is enabled, the number of times that an SMTP session may be reused before it is closed, or zero (no limit). Available in Postfix version 3.4 and later: smtp_tls_connection_reuse (no) Try to make multiple deliveries per TLS-encrypted connection. Available in Postfix version 3.7 and later: smtp_per_request_deadline (no) Change the behavior of the smtp_*_timeout time limits, from a time limit per plaintext or TLS read or write call, to a combined time limit for sending a complete SMTP re‐ quest and for receiving a complete SMTP response. smtp_min_data_rate (500) The minimum plaintext data transfer rate in bytes/second for DATA requests, when dead‐ lines are enabled with smtp_per_request_deadline. Implemented in the qmgr(8) daemon: transport_destination_concurrency_limit ($default_destination_concurrency_limit) A transport-specific override for the default_destination_concurrency_limit parameter value, where transport is the master.cf name of the message delivery transport. transport_destination_recipient_limit ($default_destination_recipient_limit) A transport-specific override for the default_destination_recipient_limit parameter value, where transport is the master.cf name of the message delivery transport. SMTPUTF8 CONTROLS Preliminary SMTPUTF8 support is introduced with Postfix 3.0. smtputf8_enable (yes) Enable preliminary SMTPUTF8 support for the protocols described in RFC 6531, RFC 6532, and RFC 6533. smtputf8_autodetect_classes (sendmail, verify) Detect that a message requires SMTPUTF8 support for the specified mail origin classes. Available in Postfix version 3.2 and later: enable_idna2003_compatibility (no) Enable 'transitional' compatibility between IDNA2003 and IDNA2008, when converting UTF-8 domain names to/from the ASCII form that is used for DNS lookups. TROUBLE SHOOTING CONTROLS debug_peer_level (2) The increment in verbose logging level when a nexthop destination, remote client or server name or network address matches a pattern given with the debug_peer_list para‐ meter. debug_peer_list (empty) Optional list of nexthop destination, remote client or server name or network address patterns that, if matched, cause the verbose logging level to increase by the amount specified in $debug_peer_level. error_notice_recipient (postmaster) The recipient of postmaster notifications about mail delivery problems that are caused by policy, resource, software or protocol errors. internal_mail_filter_classes (empty) What categories of Postfix-generated mail are subject to before-queue content inspec‐ tion by non_smtpd_milters, header_checks and body_checks. notify_classes (resource, software) The list of error classes that are reported to the postmaster. MISCELLANEOUS CONTROLS best_mx_transport (empty) Where the Postfix SMTP client should deliver mail when it detects a "mail loops back to myself" error condition. config_directory (see 'postconf -d' output) The default location of the Postfix main.cf and master.cf configuration files. daemon_timeout (18000s) How much time a Postfix daemon process may take to handle a request before it is ter‐ minated by a built-in watchdog timer. delay_logging_resolution_limit (2) The maximal number of digits after the decimal point when logging sub-second delay values. disable_dns_lookups (no) Disable DNS lookups in the Postfix SMTP and LMTP clients. inet_interfaces (all) The local network interface addresses that this mail system receives mail on. inet_protocols (see 'postconf -d output') The Internet protocols Postfix will attempt to use when making or accepting connec‐ tions. ipc_timeout (3600s) The time limit for sending or receiving information over an internal communication channel. lmtp_assume_final (no) When a remote LMTP server announces no DSN support, assume that the server performs final delivery, and send "delivered" delivery status notifications instead of "re‐ layed". lmtp_tcp_port (24) The default TCP port that the Postfix LMTP client connects to. max_idle (100s) The maximum amount of time that an idle Postfix daemon process waits for an incoming connection before terminating voluntarily. max_use (100) The maximal number of incoming connections that a Postfix daemon process will service before terminating voluntarily. process_id (read-only) The process ID of a Postfix command or daemon process. process_name (read-only) The process name of a Postfix command or daemon process. proxy_interfaces (empty) The remote network interface addresses that this mail system receives mail on by way of a proxy or network address translation unit. smtp_address_preference (any) The address type ("ipv6", "ipv4" or "any") that the Postfix SMTP client will try first, when a destination has IPv6 and IPv4 addresses with equal MX preference. smtp_bind_address (empty) An optional numerical network address that the Postfix SMTP client should bind to when making an IPv4 connection. smtp_bind_address6 (empty) An optional numerical network address that the Postfix SMTP client should bind to when making an IPv6 connection. smtp_helo_name ($myhostname) The hostname to send in the SMTP HELO or EHLO command. lmtp_lhlo_name ($myhostname) The hostname to send in the LMTP LHLO command. smtp_host_lookup (dns) What mechanisms the Postfix SMTP client uses to look up a host's IP address. smtp_randomize_addresses (yes) Randomize the order of equal-preference MX host addresses. syslog_facility (mail) The syslog facility of Postfix logging. syslog_name (see 'postconf -d' output) A prefix that is prepended to the process name in syslog records, so that, for exam‐ ple, "smtpd" becomes "prefix/smtpd". Available with Postfix 2.2 and earlier: fallback_relay (empty) Optional list of relay hosts for SMTP destinations that can't be found or that are un‐ reachable. Available with Postfix 2.3 and later: smtp_fallback_relay ($fallback_relay) Optional list of relay destinations that will be used when an SMTP destination is not found, or when delivery fails due to a non-permanent error. Available with Postfix 3.0 and later: smtp_address_verify_target (rcpt) In the context of email address verification, the SMTP protocol stage that determines whether an email address is deliverable. Available with Postfix 3.1 and later: lmtp_fallback_relay (empty) Optional list of relay hosts for LMTP destinations that can't be found or that are un‐ reachable. Available with Postfix 3.2 and later: smtp_tcp_port (smtp) The default TCP port that the Postfix SMTP client connects to. Available in Postfix 3.3 and later: service_name (read-only) The master.cf service name of a Postfix daemon process. Available in Postfix 3.7 and later: smtp_bind_address_enforce (no) Defer delivery when the Postfix SMTP client cannot apply the smtp_bind_address or smtp_bind_address6 setting. SEE ALSO generic(5), output address rewriting header_checks(5), message header content inspection body_checks(5), body parts content inspection qmgr(8), queue manager bounce(8), delivery status reports scache(8), connection cache server postconf(5), configuration parameters master(5), generic daemon options master(8), process manager tlsmgr(8), TLS session and PRNG management postlogd(8), Postfix logging syslogd(8), system logging README FILES Use "postconf readme_directory" or "postconf html_directory" to locate this information. SASL_README, Postfix SASL howto TLS_README, Postfix STARTTLS howto LICENSE The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software. AUTHOR(S) Wietse Venema IBM T.J. Watson Research P.O. Box 704 Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA Wietse Venema Google, Inc. 111 8th Avenue New York, NY 10011, USA Command pipelining in cooperation with: Jon Ribbens Oaktree Internet Solutions Ltd., Internet House, Canal Basin, Coventry, CV1 4LY, United Kingdom. SASL support originally by: Till Franke SuSE Rhein/Main AG 65760 Eschborn, Germany TLS support originally by: Lutz Jaenicke BTU Cottbus Allgemeine Elektrotechnik Universitaetsplatz 3-4 D-03044 Cottbus, Germany Revised TLS and SMTP connection cache support by: Victor Duchovni Morgan Stanley SMTP(8postfix)
Generated by phpman v4.11.2-35-gf98a251 · Markdown · JSON · MCP Author: Che Dong Under GNU General Public License
2026-10-07 13:13 @216.73.217.162
CrawledBy Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)