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SYSTEMD-DETECT-VIRT(1) systemd-detect-virt SYSTEMD-DETECT-VIRT(1)
NAME
systemd-detect-virt - Detect execution in a virtualized environment
SYNOPSIS
systemd-detect-virt [OPTIONS...]
DESCRIPTION
systemd-detect-virt detects execution in a virtualized environment. It identifies the
virtualization technology and can distinguish full machine virtualization from container
virtualization. systemd-detect-virt exits with a return value of 0 (success) if a
virtualization technology is detected, and non-zero (error) otherwise. By default, any
type of virtualization is detected, and the options --container and --vm can be used to
limit what types of virtualization are detected.
When executed without --quiet will print a short identifier for the detected
virtualization technology. The following technologies are currently identified:
Table 1. Known virtualization technologies (both VM, i.e. full hardware virtualization,
and container, i.e. shared kernel virtualization)
+----------+----------------+--------------------------+
|Type | ID | Product |
+----------+----------------+--------------------------+
|VM | qemu | QEMU software |
| | | virtualization, without |
| | | KVM |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | kvm | Linux KVM kernel virtual |
| | | machine, with whatever |
| | | software, except Oracle |
| | | Virtualbox |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | zvm | s390 z/VM |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | vmware | VMware Workstation or |
| | | Server, and related |
| | | products |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | microsoft | Hyper-V, also known as |
| | | Viridian or Windows |
| | | Server Virtualization |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | oracle | Oracle VM VirtualBox |
| | | (historically marketed |
| | | by innotek and Sun |
| | | Microsystems), for |
| | | legacy and KVM |
| | | hypervisor |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | xen | Xen hypervisor (only |
| | | domU, not dom0) |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | bochs | Bochs Emulator |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | uml | User-mode Linux |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | parallels | Parallels Desktop, |
| | | Parallels Server |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | bhyve | bhyve, FreeBSD |
| | | hypervisor |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | qnx | QNX hypervisor |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | acrn | ACRN hypervisor[1] |
+----------+----------------+--------------------------+
|Container | openvz | OpenVZ/Virtuozzo |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | lxc | Linux container |
| | | implementation by LXC |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | lxc-libvirt | Linux container |
| | | implementation by |
| | | libvirt |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | systemd-nspawn | systemd's minimal |
| | | container |
| | | implementation, see |
| | | systemd-nspawn(1) |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | docker | Docker container manager |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | podman | Podman[2] container |
| | | manager |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | rkt | rkt app container |
| | | runtime |
| +----------------+--------------------------+
| | wsl | Windows Subsystem for |
| | | Linux[3] |
+----------+----------------+--------------------------+
If multiple virtualization solutions are used, only the "innermost" is detected and
identified. That means if both machine and container virtualization are used in
conjunction, only the latter will be identified (unless --vm is passed).
Windows Subsystem for Linux is not a Linux container, but an environment for running Linux
userspace applications on top of the Windows kernel using a Linux-compatible interface.
WSL is categorized as a container for practical purposes. Multiple WSL environments share
the same kernel and services should generally behave like when being run in a container.
OPTIONS
The following options are understood:
-c, --container
Only detects container virtualization (i.e. shared kernel virtualization).
-v, --vm
Only detects hardware virtualization.
-r, --chroot
Detect whether invoked in a chroot(2) environment. In this mode, no output is written,
but the return value indicates whether the process was invoked in a chroot()
environment or not.
--private-users
Detect whether invoked in a user namespace. In this mode, no output is written, but
the return value indicates whether the process was invoked inside of a user namespace
or not. See user_namespaces(7) for more information.
-q, --quiet
Suppress output of the virtualization technology identifier.
--list
Output all currently known and detectable container and VM environments.
-h, --help
Print a short help text and exit.
--version
Print a short version string and exit.
EXIT STATUS
If a virtualization technology is detected, 0 is returned, a non-zero code otherwise.
SEE ALSO
systemd(1), systemd-nspawn(1), chroot(2), namespaces(7)
NOTES
1. ACRN hypervisor
https://projectacrn.org
2. Podman
https://podman.io
3. Windows Subsystem for Linux
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/about
systemd 245 SYSTEMD-DETECT-VIRT(1)
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