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MYSQL_CONFIG_EDITOR(1) MySQL Database System MYSQL_CONFIG_EDITOR(1)
NAME
mysql_config_editor - configure authentication information for connecting to MySQL server
SYNOPSIS
mysql_config_editor options command
DESCRIPTION
The mysql_config_editor utility enables you to store authentication credentials in an
obfuscated login path file named .mylogin.cnf. The file location is the %APPDATA%\MySQL
directory on Windows and the current user's home directory on non-Windows systems. The
file can be read later by MySQL client programs to obtain authentication credentials for
connecting to MySQL Server.
The unobfuscated format of the .mylogin.cnf login path file consists of option groups,
similar to other option files. Each option group in .mylogin.cnf is called a "login path,"
which is a group that permits only certain options: host, user, password, port and socket.
Think of a login path option group as a set of options that specify which MySQL server to
connect to and which account to authenticate as. Here is an unobfuscated example:
[client]
user = mydefaultname
password = mydefaultpass
host = 127.0.0.1
[mypath]
user = myothername
password = myotherpass
host = localhost
When you invoke a client program to connect to the server, the client uses .mylogin.cnf in
conjunction with other option files. Its precedence is higher than other option files, but
less than options specified explicitly on the client command line. For information about
the order in which option files are used, see Section 4.2.2.2, "Using Option Files".
To specify an alternate login path file name, set the MYSQL_TEST_LOGIN_FILE environment
variable. This variable is recognized by mysql_config_editor, by standard MySQL clients
(mysql, mysqladmin, and so forth), and by the mysql-test-run.pl testing utility.
Programs use groups in the login path file as follows:
o mysql_config_editor operates on the client login path by default if you specify no
--login-path=name option to indicate explicitly which login path to use.
o Without a --login-path option, client programs read the same option groups from the
login path file that they read from other option files. Consider this command:
mysql
By default, the mysql client reads the [client] and [mysql] groups from other option
files, so it reads them from the login path file as well.
o With a --login-path option, client programs additionally read the named login path
from the login path file. The option groups read from other option files remain the
same. Consider this command:
mysql --login-path=mypath
The mysql client reads [client] and [mysql] from other option files, and [client],
[mysql], and [mypath] from the login path file.
o Client programs read the login path file even when the --no-defaults option is used.
This permits passwords to be specified in a safer way than on the command line even if
--no-defaults is present.
mysql_config_editor obfuscates the .mylogin.cnf file so it cannot be read as cleartext,
and its contents when unobfuscated by client programs are used only in memory. In this
way, passwords can be stored in a file in non-cleartext format and used later without ever
needing to be exposed on the command line or in an environment variable.
mysql_config_editor provides a print command for displaying the login path file contents,
but even in this case, password values are masked so as never to appear in a way that
other users can see them.
The obfuscation used by mysql_config_editor prevents passwords from appearing in
.mylogin.cnf as cleartext and provides a measure of security by preventing inadvertent
password exposure. For example, if you display a regular unobfuscated my.cnf option file
on the screen, any passwords it contains are visible for anyone to see. With .mylogin.cnf,
that is not true, but the obfuscation used is not likely to deter a determined attacker
and you should not consider it unbreakable. A user who can gain system administration
privileges on your machine to access your files could unobfuscate the .mylogin.cnf file
with some effort.
The login path file must be readable and writable to the current user, and inaccessible to
other users. Otherwise, mysql_config_editor ignores it, and client programs do not use it,
either.
Invoke mysql_config_editor like this:
mysql_config_editor [program_options] command [command_options]
If the login path file does not exist, mysql_config_editor creates it.
Command arguments are given as follows:
o program_options consists of general mysql_config_editor options.
o command indicates what action to perform on the .mylogin.cnf login path file. For
example, set writes a login path to the file, remove removes a login path, and print
displays login path contents.
o command_options indicates any additional options specific to the command, such as the
login path name and the values to use in the login path.
The position of the command name within the set of program arguments is significant. For
example, these command lines have the same arguments, but produce different results:
mysql_config_editor --help set
mysql_config_editor set --help
The first command line displays a general mysql_config_editor help message, and ignores
the set command. The second command line displays a help message specific to the set
command.
Suppose that you want to establish a client login path that defines your default
connection parameters, and an additional login path named remote for connecting to the
MySQL server the host remote.example.com. You want to log in as follows:
o By default, to the local server with a user name and password of localuser and
localpass
o To the remote server with a user name and password of remoteuser and remotepass
To set up the login paths in the .mylogin.cnf file, use the following set commands. Enter
each command on a single line, and enter the appropriate passwords when prompted:
$> mysql_config_editor set --login-path=client
--host=localhost --user=localuser --password
Enter password: enter password "localpass" here
$> mysql_config_editor set --login-path=remote
--host=remote.example.com --user=remoteuser --password
Enter password: enter password "remotepass" here
mysql_config_editor uses the client login path by default, so the --login-path=client
option can be omitted from the first command without changing its effect.
To see what mysql_config_editor writes to the .mylogin.cnf file, use the print command:
$> mysql_config_editor print --all
[client]
user = localuser
password = *****
host = localhost
[remote]
user = remoteuser
password = *****
host = remote.example.com
The print command displays each login path as a set of lines beginning with a group header
indicating the login path name in square brackets, followed by the option values for the
login path. Password values are masked and do not appear as cleartext.
If you do not specify --all to display all login paths or --login-path=name to display a
named login path, the print command displays the client login path by default, if there is
one.
As shown by the preceding example, the login path file can contain multiple login paths.
In this way, mysql_config_editor makes it easy to set up multiple "personalities" for
connecting to different MySQL servers, or for connecting to a given server using different
accounts. Any of these can be selected by name later using the --login-path option when
you invoke a client program. For example, to connect to the remote server, use this
command:
mysql --login-path=remote
Here, mysql reads the [client] and [mysql] option groups from other option files, and the
[client], [mysql], and [remote] groups from the login path file.
To connect to the local server, use this command:
mysql --login-path=client
Because mysql reads the client and mysql login paths by default, the --login-path option
does not add anything in this case. That command is equivalent to this one:
mysql
Options read from the login path file take precedence over options read from other option
files. Options read from login path groups appearing later in the login path file take
precedence over options read from groups appearing earlier in the file.
mysql_config_editor adds login paths to the login path file in the order you create them,
so you should create more general login paths first and more specific paths later. If you
need to move a login path within the file, you can remove it, then recreate it to add it
to the end. For example, a client login path is more general because it is read by all
client programs, whereas a mysqldump login path is read only by mysqldump. Options
specified later override options specified earlier, so putting the login paths in the
order client, mysqldump enables mysqldump-specific options to override client options.
When you use the set command with mysql_config_editor to create a login path, you need not
specify all possible option values (host name, user name, password, port, socket). Only
those values given are written to the path. Any missing values required later can be
specified when you invoke a client path to connect to the MySQL server, either in other
option files or on the command line. Any options specified on the command line override
those specified in the login path file or other option files. For example, if the
credentials in the remote login path also apply for the host remote2.example.com, connect
to the server on that host like this:
mysql --login-path=remote --host=remote2.example.com
mysql_config_editor General Options
mysql_config_editor supports the following general options, which may be used preceding
any command named on the command line. For descriptions of command-specific options, see
mysql_config_editor Commands and Command-Specific Options.
o --help, -? Display a general help message and exit.
To see a command-specific help message, invoke mysql_config_editor as follows, where
command is a command other than help:
mysql_config_editor command --help
o --debug[=debug_options], -# debug_options Write a debugging log. A typical
debug_options string is d:t:o,file_name. The default is
d:t:o,/tmp/mysql_config_editor.trace.
This option is available only if MySQL was built using WITH_DEBUG. MySQL release
binaries provided by Oracle are not built using this option.
o --verbose, -v Verbose mode. Print more information about what the program does. This
option may be helpful in diagnosing problems if an operation does not have the effect
you expect.
o --version, -V Display version information and exit.
mysql_config_editor Commands and Command-Specific Options
This section describes the permitted mysql_config_editor commands, and, for each one, the
command-specific options permitted following the command name on the command line.
In addition, mysql_config_editor supports general options that can be used preceding any
command. For descriptions of these options, see mysql_config_editor General Options.
mysql_config_editor supports these commands:
o help
Display a general help message and exit. This command takes no following options.
To see a command-specific help message, invoke mysql_config_editor as follows, where
command is a command other than help:
mysql_config_editor command --help
o print [options]
Print the contents of the login path file in unobfuscated form, with the exception
that passwords are displayed as *****.
The default login path name is client if no login path is named. If both --all and
--login-path are given, --all takes precedence.
The print command permits these options following the command name:
o --help, -?
Display a help message for the print command and exit.
To see a general help message, use mysql_config_editor --help.
o --all
Print the contents of all login paths in the login path file.
o --login-path=name, -G name
Print the contents of the named login path.
o remove [options]
Remove a login path from the login path file, or modify a login path by removing
options from it.
This command removes from the login path only such options as are specified with the
--host, --password, --port, --socket, and --user options. If none of those options are
given, remove removes the entire login path. For example, this command removes only
the user option from the mypath login path rather than the entire mypath login path:
mysql_config_editor remove --login-path=mypath --user
This command removes the entire mypath login path:
mysql_config_editor remove --login-path=mypath
The remove command permits these options following the command name:
o --help, -?
Display a help message for the remove command and exit.
To see a general help message, use mysql_config_editor --help.
o --host, -h
Remove the host name from the login path.
o --login-path=name, -G name
The login path to remove or modify. The default login path name is client if this
option is not given.
o --password, -p
Remove the password from the login path.
o --port, -P
Remove the TCP/IP port number from the login path.
o --socket, -S
Remove the Unix socket file name from the login path.
o --user, -u
Remove the user name from the login path.
o --warn, -w
Warn and prompt the user for confirmation if the command attempts to remove the
default login path (client) and --login-path=client was not specified. This option
is enabled by default; use --skip-warn to disable it.
o reset [options]
Empty the contents of the login path file.
The reset command permits these options following the command name:
o --help, -?
Display a help message for the reset command and exit.
To see a general help message, use mysql_config_editor --help.
o set [options]
Write a login path to the login path file.
This command writes to the login path only such options as are specified with the
--host, --password, --port, --socket, and --user options. If none of those options are
given, mysql_config_editor writes the login path as an empty group.
The set command permits these options following the command name:
o --help, -?
Display a help message for the set command and exit.
To see a general help message, use mysql_config_editor --help.
o --host=host_name, -h host_name
The host name to write to the login path.
o --login-path=name, -G name
The login path to create. The default login path name is client if this option is
not given.
o --password, -p
Prompt for a password to write to the login path. After mysql_config_editor
displays the prompt, type the password and press Enter. To prevent other users
from seeing the password, mysql_config_editor does not echo it.
To specify an empty password, press Enter at the password prompt. The resulting
login path written to the login path file includes a line like this:
password =
o --port=port_num, -P port_num
The TCP/IP port number to write to the login path.
o --socket=file_name, -S file_name
The Unix socket file name to write to the login path.
o --user=user_name, -u user_name
The user name to write to the login path.
o --warn, -w
Warn and prompt the user for confirmation if the command attempts to overwrite an
existing login path. This option is enabled by default; use --skip-warn to disable
it.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright (C) 1997, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
This documentation is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it only under
the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation;
version 2 of the License.
This documentation is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with the program;
if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA or see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
SEE ALSO
For more information, please refer to the MySQL Reference Manual, which may already be
installed locally and which is also available online at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/.
AUTHOR
Oracle Corporation (http://dev.mysql.com/).
MySQL 8.0 06/04/2022 MYSQL_CONFIG_EDITOR(1)
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