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MH-MAIL(5mh) MH-MAIL(5mh)
NAME
mh-mail - message format for nmh message system
DESCRIPTION
nmh processes messages in a particular format. It should be noted that although neither
Bell nor Berkeley mailers produce message files in the format that nmh prefers, nmh can
read message files in that format.
Each user possesses a mail drop which initially receives all messages processed by post.
inc will read from that mail drop and incorporate new messages found there into the user's
own mail folders (typically "+inbox"). The mail drop consists of one or more messages.
Messages are expected to consist of lines of text. Graphics and binary data are not han-
dled. No data compression is accepted. All text is clear ASCII 7-bit data.
The general "memo" framework of RFC 822 is used. A message consists of a block of infor-
mation in a rigid format, followed by general text with no specified format. The rigidly
formatted first part of a message is called the header, and the free-format portion is
called the body. The header must always exist, but the body is optional. These parts are
separated by an empty line, i.e., two consecutive newline characters. Within nmh, the
header and body may be separated by a line consisting of dashes:
From: Local Mailbox <user AT example.com>
To:
cc:
Fcc: +outbox
Subject:
The header is composed of one or more header items. Each header item can be viewed as a
single logical line of ASCII characters. If the text of a header item extends across sev-
eral real lines, the continuation lines are indicated by leading spaces or tabs.
Each header item is called a component and is composed of a keyword or name, along with
associated text. The keyword begins at the left margin, may not contain spaces or tabs,
may not exceed 63 characters (as specified by RFC 822), and is terminated by a colon
(`:'). Certain components (as identified by their keywords) must follow rigidly defined
formats in their text portions.
The text for most formatted components (e.g., "Date:" and "Message-Id:") is produced auto-
matically. The only ones entered by the user are address fields such as "To:", "cc:",
etc. Internet addresses are assigned mailbox names and host computer specifications. The
rough format is "local@domain", such as "MH@UCI", or "MH AT UCI-ICSA.ARPA". Multiple ad-
dresses are separated by commas. A missing host/domain is assumed to be the local
host/domain.
As mentioned above, a blank line (or a line of dashes) signals that all following text up
to the end of the file is the body. No formatting is expected or enforced within the
body.
Following is a list of header components that are considered meaningful to various nmh
programs.
Date:
Added by post, contains date and time of the message's entry into the mail transport
system.
From:
This header is filled in by default with the system's idea of the user's local mail-
box. This can be changed with the Local-Mailbox profile entry. It contains the ad-
dress of the author or authors (may be more than one if a "Sender:" field is
present). For a standard reply (using repl), the reply address is constructed by
checking the following headers (in this order): "Mail-Reply-To:", "Reply-To:",
"From:", "Sender:". A "From:" header MUST exist when the message is sent to post,
otherwise the message will be rejected.
Envelope-From:
Used by post to specify a value for the sender's envelope address to the mail trans-
port system. If omitted, post will use the value of the "Sender:" or the "From:"
header. See send(1) for more details.
Mail-Reply-To:
For a standard reply (using repl), the reply address is constructed by checking the
following headers (in this order): "Mail-Reply-To:", "Reply-To:", "From:", "Sender:".
Mail-Followup-To:
When making a "group" reply (using repl -group), any addresses in this field will
take precedence, and no other reply address will be added to the draft. If this
header is not available, then the return addresses will be constructed from the
"Mail-Reply-To:", or "Reply-To:", or "From:", along with adding the addresses from
the headers "To:", "cc:", as well as adding your personal address.
Reply-To:
For a standard reply (using repl), the reply address is constructed by checking the
following headers (in this order): "Mail-Reply-To:", "Reply-To:", "From:", "Sender:".
Sender:
Required by post in the event that the message has multiple addresses on the "From:"
line. It is otherwise optional. This line should contain the address of the actual
sender.
To:
Contains addresses of primary recipients.
cc:
Contains addresses of secondary recipients.
Bcc:
Still more recipients. However, the "Bcc:" line is not copied onto the message as
delivered, so these recipients are not listed. nmh uses an encapsulation method for
blind copies, see send(1).
Dcc:
Still more recipients. However, the "Dcc:" line is not copied onto the messages as
delivered. Recipients on the "Dcc:" line receive the same message as recipients on
the "To:" and "cc:" lines. See send(1) for more details. Dcc is not supported with
the sendmail/pipe mail transport method.
Fcc:
Causes post to copy the message into the specified folder for the sender, if the mes-
sage was successfully given to the transport system.
Message-ID:
A unique message identifier added by post if the -msgid flag is set.
Subject:
Sender's commentary. It is displayed by scan.
In-Reply-To:
A commentary line added by repl when replying to a message.
Resent-Date:
Added when redistributing a message by post.
Resent-From:
Used instead of the "From:" header when post redistributes a message. See "From:".
Resent-To:
New recipients for a message resent by dist.
Resent-cc:
Still more recipients. See "cc:" and "Resent-To:".
Resent-Bcc:
Even more recipients. See "Bcc:" and "Resent-To:".
Resent-Fcc:
Copy resent message into a folder. See "Fcc:" and "Resent-To:".
Resent-Message-Id:
A unique identifier glued on by post if the -msgid flag is set. See "Message-Id:"
and "Resent-To:".
Resent:
Annotation for dist under the -annotate option.
Forwarded:
Annotation for forw under the -annotate option.
Replied:
Annotation for repl under the -annotate option.
Attach:
Used by mhbuild to specify a filename to attach to this message. See mhbuild(1) for
more information.
FILES
/var/mail/$USER Location of mail drop.
SEE ALSO
Standard for the Format of ARPA Internet Text Messages (RFC 822)
CONTEXT
None
nmh-1.7.1 2014-01-08 MH-MAIL(5mh)
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On Apache
Under GNU General Public License
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