git-send-pack(1) - man - phpMan

GIT-SEND-PACK(1)                             Git Manual                             GIT-SEND-PACK(1)



NAME
       git-send-pack - Push objects over Git protocol to another repository

SYNOPSIS
       git send-pack [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>]
                       [--verbose] [--thin] [--atomic]
                       [--[no-]signed|--signed=(true|false|if-asked)]
                       [<host>:]<directory> (--all | <ref>...)


DESCRIPTION
       Usually you would want to use git push, which is a higher-level wrapper of this command,
       instead. See git-push(1).

       Invokes git-receive-pack on a possibly remote repository, and updates it from the current
       repository, sending named refs.

OPTIONS
       --receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>
           Path to the git-receive-pack program on the remote end. Sometimes useful when pushing to
           a remote repository over ssh, and you do not have the program in a directory on the
           default $PATH.

       --exec=<git-receive-pack>
           Same as --receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>.

       --all
           Instead of explicitly specifying which refs to update, update all heads that locally
           exist.

       --stdin
           Take the list of refs from stdin, one per line. If there are refs specified on the
           command line in addition to this option, then the refs from stdin are processed after
           those on the command line.

           If --stateless-rpc is specified together with this option then the list of refs must be
           in packet format (pkt-line). Each ref must be in a separate packet, and the list must end
           with a flush packet.

       --dry-run
           Do everything except actually send the updates.

       --force
           Usually, the command refuses to update a remote ref that is not an ancestor of the local
           ref used to overwrite it. This flag disables the check. What this means is that the
           remote repository can lose commits; use it with care.

       --verbose
           Run verbosely.

       --thin
           Send a "thin" pack, which records objects in deltified form based on objects not included
           in the pack to reduce network traffic.

       --atomic
           Use an atomic transaction for updating the refs. If any of the refs fails to update then
           the entire push will fail without changing any refs.

       --[no-]signed, --signed=(true|false|if-asked)
           GPG-sign the push request to update refs on the receiving side, to allow it to be checked
           by the hooks and/or be logged. If false or --no-signed, no signing will be attempted. If
           true or --signed, the push will fail if the server does not support signed pushes. If set
           to if-asked, sign if and only if the server supports signed pushes. The push will also
           fail if the actual call to gpg --sign fails. See git-receive-pack(1) for the details on
           the receiving end.

       --push-option=<string>
           Pass the specified string as a push option for consumption by hooks on the server side.
           If the server doesn’t support push options, error out. See git-push(1) and githooks(5)
           for details.

       <host>
           A remote host to house the repository. When this part is specified, git-receive-pack is
           invoked via ssh.

       <directory>
           The repository to update.

       <ref>...
           The remote refs to update.

SPECIFYING THE REFS
       There are three ways to specify which refs to update on the remote end.

       With --all flag, all refs that exist locally are transferred to the remote side. You cannot
       specify any <ref> if you use this flag.

       Without --all and without any <ref>, the heads that exist both on the local side and on the
       remote side are updated.

       When one or more <ref> are specified explicitly (whether on the command line or via --stdin),
       it can be either a single pattern, or a pair of such pattern separated by a colon ":" (this
       means that a ref name cannot have a colon in it). A single pattern <name> is just a shorthand
       for <name>:<name>.

       Each pattern pair consists of the source side (before the colon) and the destination side
       (after the colon). The ref to be pushed is determined by finding a match that matches the
       source side, and where it is pushed is determined by using the destination side. The rules
       used to match a ref are the same rules used by git rev-parse to resolve a symbolic ref name.
       See git-rev-parse(1).

       •   It is an error if <src> does not match exactly one of the local refs.

       •   It is an error if <dst> matches more than one remote refs.

       •   If <dst> does not match any remote ref, either

           •   it has to start with "refs/"; <dst> is used as the destination literally in this
               case.

           •   <src> == <dst> and the ref that matched the <src> must not exist in the set of remote
               refs; the ref matched <src> locally is used as the name of the destination.

       Without ‘--force`, the <src> ref is stored at the remote only if <dst> does not exist, or
       <dst> is a proper subset (i.e. an ancestor) of <src>. This check, known as "fast-forward
       check", is performed in order to avoid accidentally overwriting the remote ref and lose other
       peoples’ commits from there.

       With --force, the fast-forward check is disabled for all refs.

       Optionally, a <ref> parameter can be prefixed with a plus + sign to disable the fast-forward
       check only on that ref.

GIT
       Part of the git(1) suite



Git 2.34.1                                   02/26/2026                             GIT-SEND-PACK(1)