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ExtUtils::CBuilder(3perl)        Perl Programmers Reference Guide       ExtUtils::CBuilder(3perl)

NAME
       ExtUtils::CBuilder - Compile and link C code for Perl modules

SYNOPSIS
         use ExtUtils::CBuilder;

         my $b = ExtUtils::CBuilder->new(%options);
         $obj_file = $b->compile(source => 'MyModule.c');
         $lib_file = $b->link(objects => $obj_file);

DESCRIPTION
       This module can build the C portions of Perl modules by invoking the appropriate compilers
       and linkers in a cross-platform manner.  It was motivated by the "Module::Build" project,
       but may be useful for other purposes as well.  However, it is not intended as a general
       cross-platform interface to all your C building needs.  That would have been a much more
       ambitious goal!

METHODS
       new Returns a new "ExtUtils::CBuilder" object.  A "config" parameter lets you override
           "Config.pm" settings for all operations performed by the object, as in the following
           example:

             # Use a different compiler than Config.pm says
             my $b = ExtUtils::CBuilder->new( config =>
                                              { ld => 'gcc' } );

           A "quiet" parameter tells "CBuilder" to not print its "system()" commands before
           executing them:

             # Be quieter than normal
             my $b = ExtUtils::CBuilder->new( quiet => 1 );

       have_compiler
           Returns true if the current system has a working C compiler and linker, false
           otherwise.  To determine this, we actually compile and link a sample C library.  The
           sample will be compiled in the system tempdir or, if that fails for some reason, in
           the current directory.

       have_cplusplus
           Just like have_compiler but for C++ instead of C.

       compile
           Compiles a C source file and produces an object file.  The name of the object file is
           returned.  The source file is specified in a "source" parameter, which is required;
           the other parameters listed below are optional.

           "object_file"
               Specifies the name of the output file to create.  Otherwise the "object_file()"
               method will be consulted, passing it the name of the "source" file.

           "include_dirs"
               Specifies any additional directories in which to search for header files.  May be
               given as a string indicating a single directory, or as a list reference indicating
               multiple directories.

           "extra_compiler_flags"
               Specifies any additional arguments to pass to the compiler.  Should be given as a
               list reference containing the arguments individually, or if this is not possible,
               as a string containing all the arguments together.

           "C++"
               Specifies that the source file is a C++ source file and sets appropriate compiler
               flags

           The operation of this method is also affected by the "archlibexp", "cccdlflags",
           "ccflags", "optimize", and "cc" entries in "Config.pm".

       link
           Invokes the linker to produce a library file from object files.  In scalar context,
           the name of the library file is returned.  In list context, the library file and any
           temporary files created are returned.  A required "objects" parameter contains the
           name of the object files to process, either in a string (for one object file) or list
           reference (for one or more files).  The following parameters are optional:

           lib_file
               Specifies the name of the output library file to create.  Otherwise the
               "lib_file()" method will be consulted, passing it the name of the first entry in
               "objects".

           module_name
               Specifies the name of the Perl module that will be created by linking.  On
               platforms that need to do prelinking (Win32, OS/2, etc.) this is a required
               parameter.

           extra_linker_flags
               Any additional flags you wish to pass to the linker.

           On platforms where "need_prelink()" returns true, "prelink()" will be called
           automatically.

           The operation of this method is also affected by the "lddlflags", "shrpenv", and "ld"
           entries in "Config.pm".

       link_executable
           Invokes the linker to produce an executable file from object files.  In scalar
           context, the name of the executable file is returned.  In list context, the executable
           file and any temporary files created are returned.  A required "objects" parameter
           contains the name of the object files to process, either in a string (for one object
           file) or list reference (for one or more files).  The optional parameters are the same
           as "link" with exception for

           exe_file
               Specifies the name of the output executable file to create.  Otherwise the
               "exe_file()" method will be consulted, passing it the name of the first entry in
               "objects".

       object_file
            my $object_file = $b->object_file($source_file);

           Converts the name of a C source file to the most natural name of an output object file
           to create from it.  For instance, on Unix the source file foo.c would result in the
           object file foo.o.

       lib_file
            my $lib_file = $b->lib_file($object_file);

           Converts the name of an object file to the most natural name of a output library file
           to create from it.  For instance, on Mac OS X the object file foo.o would result in
           the library file foo.bundle.

       exe_file
            my $exe_file = $b->exe_file($object_file);

           Converts the name of an object file to the most natural name of an executable file to
           create from it.  For instance, on Mac OS X the object file foo.o would result in the
           executable file foo, and on Windows it would result in foo.exe.

       prelink
           On certain platforms like Win32, OS/2, VMS, and AIX, it is necessary to perform some
           actions before invoking the linker.  The "ExtUtils::Mksymlists" module does this,
           writing files used by the linker during the creation of shared libraries for dynamic
           extensions.  The names of any files written will be returned as a list.

           Several parameters correspond to "ExtUtils::Mksymlists::Mksymlists()" options, as
           follows:

               Mksymlists()   prelink()          type
              -------------|-------------------|-------------------
               NAME        |  dl_name          | string (required)
               DLBASE      |  dl_base          | string
               FILE        |  dl_file          | string
               DL_VARS     |  dl_vars          | array reference
               DL_FUNCS    |  dl_funcs         | hash reference
               FUNCLIST    |  dl_func_list     | array reference
               IMPORTS     |  dl_imports       | hash reference
               VERSION     |  dl_version       | string

           Please see the documentation for "ExtUtils::Mksymlists" for the details of what these
           parameters do.

       need_prelink
           Returns true on platforms where "prelink()" should be called during linking, and false
           otherwise.

       extra_link_args_after_prelink
           Returns list of extra arguments to give to the link command; the arguments are the
           same as for prelink(), with addition of array reference to the results of prelink();
           this reference is indexed by key "prelink_res".

TO DO
       Currently this has only been tested on Unix and doesn't contain any of the Windows-
       specific code from the "Module::Build" project.  I'll do that next.

HISTORY
       This module is an outgrowth of the "Module::Build" project, to which there have been many
       contributors.  Notably, Randy W. Sims submitted lots of code to support 3 compilers on
       Windows and helped with various other platform-specific issues.  Ilya Zakharevich has
       contributed fixes for OS/2; John E. Malmberg and Peter Prymmer have done likewise for VMS.

SUPPORT
       ExtUtils::CBuilder is maintained as part of the Perl 5 core.  Please submit any bug
       reports via the perlbug tool included with Perl 5.  Bug reports will be included in the
       Perl 5 ticket system at <https://rt.perl.org>.

       The Perl 5 source code is available at <https://perl5.git.perl.org/perl.git> and ExtUtils-
       CBuilder may be found in the dist/ExtUtils-CBuilder directory of the repository.

AUTHOR
       Ken Williams, kwilliams AT cpan.org

       Additional contributions by The Perl 5 Porters.

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Ken Williams.  All rights reserved.

       This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same
       terms as Perl itself.

SEE ALSO
       perl(1), Module::Build(3)

perl v5.34.0                                2023-11-23                  ExtUtils::CBuilder(3perl)

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