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📛 NAME

Date::Manip::Lang::german – German language support.

🚀 Quick Reference

Use Case	Expression	Description
January	Januar, Janner	Full month name
Jan (abbrev)	Jan	Short month
Monday	Montag	Full day name
Mon (abbrev)	Mo, Mo.	Short day
Tomorrow	morgen	Relative date +1 day
Yesterday	gestern	Relative date –1 day
Now	jetzt	Current date & time
Future delta	in, später	Delta goes forward
Past delta	vor, vorherige	Delta goes backward
a.m. / p.m.	vorm., nachm.	Morning / afternoon
Hour:Min separator	: only	Standard colon
Fractional sec	. only	Decimal point

📝 SYNOPSIS

This module contains a list of words and expressions supporting the German language. It is not intended to be used directly (other Date::Manip modules will load it as needed).

🌍 LANGUAGE EXPRESSIONS

The following is a list of all language words and expressions used to write times and/or dates.

All strings are case insensitive.

📅 Month names and abbreviations

When writing out the name of the month, several different variations may exist including full names and abbreviations.

The following month names may be used:

• Januar
• Janner
• Februar
• März, Maerz
• April
• Mai
• Juni
• Juli
• August
• September
• Oktober
• November
• Dezember

The following abbreviations may be used:

• Jan
• Feb
• Mär, Mar
• Apr
• Mai
• Jun
• Jul
• Aug
• Sep
• Okt
• Nov
• Dez

📅 Day names and abbreviations

When writing out the name of the day, several different variations may exist including full names and abbreviations.

The following day names may be used:

• Montag
• Dienstag
• Mittwoch
• Donnerstag
• Freitag
• Samstag / Sonnabend
• Sonntag

The following abbreviations may be used:

• Mo, Mo.
• Di, Di.
• Mi, Mi.
• Do, Do.
• Fr, Fr.
• Sa, Sa.
• So, So.

The following short (1‑2 character) abbreviations may be used:

• M
• Di
• Mi
• Do
• F
• Sa
• So

⏳ Delta field names

These are the names (and abbreviations) for the fields in a delta. There are 7 fields: years, months, weeks, days, hours, minutes, seconds.

• Jahr – j (Jahre, Jahren)
• Monat – m (Monate, Monaten)
• Woche – w
• Tag – t (Tage, Tagen)
• Stunde – h, std
• Minute – min
• Sekunde – s, sek (Sekunden)

🕐 Morning/afternoon times

This is a list of expressions used to designate morning or afternoon time when a time is entered as a 12‑hour time rather than a 24‑hour time. For example, in English, the time "17:00" could be specified as "5:00 PM".

Morning and afternoon time may be designated by:

• FM → vorm.
• PM → nachm.

🔁 Each or every

Words that specify every occurrence of something, used in phrases like “EACH Monday”, “EVERY month”.

• jeden

⏪ Next/Previous/Last occurrence

Words used to specify the next, previous, or last occurrence of something.

Next occurrence:

• nächsten, nächste

Previous occurrence:

• vorherigen, vorherige, letzte, letzten

Last occurrence:

• letzten, letzte

⏩ Delta words for going forward/backward in time

When parsing deltas, there are words that specify whether the delta refers to a time in the future or the past. For example: “IN 5 days” or “5 days AGO”.

Future:

• in
• später

Past:

• vor
• vorigen
• vorherigen
• vorherige

💼 Business mode

Lists of words that force a delta to be standard (non‑business) or business.

Standard (non‑business) delta:

• genau
• ungefähr

Business delta:

• Arbeitstag
• Arbeits

🔢 Numbers

Numbers may be spelled out in a variety of ways. The following sets correspond to the numbers from 1 to 53:

• 1. erste, erster, eins
• 2. zweite, zwei, zweiter
• 3. dritte, drei, dritter
• 4. vierte, vier
• 5. fünfte, fünf, fünfter
• 6. sechste, sechs, sechster
• 7. siebente, siebte, sieben, siebter
• 8. achte, achten
• 9. neunte, neun, neunten
• 10. zehnte, zehn, zehnten
• 11. elfte, elf
• 12. zwölfte, zwölf, zwölften
• 13. dreizehnte, dreizehn
• 14. vierzehnte, vierzehn
• 15. fünfzehnte, fünfzehn, fünfzehnten
• 16. sechzehnte, sechzehn
• 17. siebzehnte, siebzehn
• 18. achtzehnte, achtzehn
• 19. neunzehnte, neunzehn
• 20. zwanzigste, zwanzig, zwanzigsten
• 21. einundzwanzigste, einundzwanzigsten
• 22. zweiundzwanzigste, zweiundzwanzigsten
• 23. dreiundzwanzigste, dreiundzwanzigsten
• 24. vierundzwanzigste, vierundzwanzigsten
• 25. fünfundzwanzigste, fünfundzwanzigsten
• 26. sechsundzwanzigste, sechsundzwanzigsten
• 27. siebenundzwanzigste, siebenundzwanzigsten
• 28. achtundzwanzigste, achtundzwanzigsten
• 29. neunundzwanzigste, neunundzwanzigsten
• 30. dreißigste, dreißig, dreißigsten / dreißigste, dreißig, dreißigsten
• 31. einunddreißigste, einunddreißig, einunddreißigsten
• 32. zweiunddreißig, zweiunddreißigste, zweiunddreißigsten
• 33. dreiunddreißig, dreiunddreißigste, dreiunddreißigsten
• 34. vierunddreißig, vierunddreißigste, vierunddreißigsten
• 35. fünfunddreißig, fünfunddreißigste, fünfunddreißigsten
• 36. sechsunddreißig, sechsunddreißigste, sechsunddreißigsten
• 37. siebenunddreißig, siebenunddreißigste, siebenunddreißigsten
• 38. achtunddreißig, achtunddreißigste, achtunddreißigsten
• 39. neununddreißig, neununddreißigste, neununddreißigsten
• 40. vierzig, vierzigsten
• 41. einundvierzig, einundvierzigsten
• 42. zweiundvierzig, zweiundvierzigsten
• 43. dreiundvierzig, dreiundvierzigsten
• 44. vierundvierzig, vierundvierzigsten
• 45. fünfundvierzig, fünfundvierzigsten
• 46. sechsundvierzig, sechsundvierzigsten
• 47. siebenundvierzig, siebenundvierzigste
• 48. achtundvierzig, achtundvierzigsten
• 49. neunundvierzig, neunundvierzigsten
• 50. fünfzig, fünfzigsten
• 51. einundfünfzig, einundfünfzigsten
• 52. zweiundfünfzig, zweiundfünfzigsten
• 53. dreiundfünfzig, dreiundfünfzigsten

🙈 Ignored words

In writing out dates in common forms, there are a number of words that are typically not important.

Designates that a time is going to be specified next (like “AT” in English):

• um

Designates a member of a set (“IN”, “OF”):

• der
• im
• des

Specifies that something is on a certain date (“ON”):

• am

📅 Words that set the date, time, or both

There are some words that can be used to specify a date, a time, or both relative to now.

🗓️ Words that set only the date

These are similar to the English words 'yesterday' or 'tomorrow'. The time is NOT set, only the date is shifted by a delta containing year, month, week, and day fields.

Word	Delta
gestern	-0:0:0:1:0:0:0
heute	0:0:0:0:0:0:0
morgen	+0:0:0:1:0:0:0
übermorgen	+0:0:0:2:0:0:0

⏰ Words that set only the time

Similar to the English words 'noon' or 'midnight'.

Word	Time
Mittag	12:00:00
Mitternacht	00:00:00

🕰️ Words that set both date and time

In English, the word 'now' is one of these.

Word	Delta
jetzt	0:0:0:0:0:0:0

⏱️ Hour/Minute/Second separators

When specifying the time of day, the most common separator is a colon (:) which can be used for both separators. Some languages use different pairs.

A pair of colons is ALWAYS allowed for all languages. If a language allows additional pairs, they are listed here:

Not defined in this language.

📏 Fractional second separator

When specifying fractional seconds, the most common separator is a decimal point (.). Some languages may specify a different separator.

The decimal point is ALWAYS allowed for all languages. If a language allows another separator, it is listed here:

Not defined in this language.

🐞 KNOWN BUGS

None known.

❓ BUGS AND QUESTIONS

Please refer to the Date::Manip::Problems documentation for information on submitting bug reports or questions to the author.

👀 SEE ALSO

Date::Manip – main module documentation

📄 LICENSE

This script is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

👤 AUTHOR

Sullivan Beck (sbeck AT cpan.org)

📛 NAME 🚀 Quick Reference 📝 SYNOPSIS 🌍 LANGUAGE EXPRESSIONS 🐞 KNOWN BUGS ❓ BUGS AND QUESTIONS 👀 SEE ALSO 📄 LICENSE 👤 AUTHOR