info > CONFIG(5SSL)

πŸ“› NAME

Config - access Perl configuration information

πŸ“‹ SYNOPSIS

use Config;
if ($Config{usethreads}) {
    print "has thread support\n"
}

πŸ” Check configuration variables directly via the %Config hash.

use Config qw(myconfig config_sh config_vars config_re);

πŸ“¦ Import specific functions for querying build-time configuration.

print myconfig();

πŸ–¨οΈ Print a human-readable summary of all configuration values.

print config_sh();

πŸ“œ Dump the entire config.sh shell variable listing.

print config_re();

🧾 Print the configuration as a Perl eval-able hash reference string.

config_vars(qw(osname archname));

🎯 Print specific config variables by name (here: OS name and architecture).

DESCRIPTION The Config module contains all the information that was available to the "Configure" program at Perl build time (over 900 values). Shell variables from the config.sh file (written by Configure) are stored in the readonly-variable %Config, indexed by their names. Values stored in config.sh as 'undef' are returned as undefined values. The perl "exists" function can be used to check if a named variable exists. For a description of the variables, please have a look at the Glossary file, as written in the Porting folder, or use the url: https://github.com/Perl/perl5/blob/blead/Porting/Glossary myconfig() Returns a textual summary of the major perl configuration values. See also "-V" in "Command Switches" in perlrun. config_sh() Returns the entire perl configuration information in the form of the original config.sh shell variable assignment script. config_re($regex) Like config_sh() but returns, as a list, only the config entries who's names match the $regex. config_vars(@names) Prints to STDOUT the values of the named configuration variable. Each is printed on a separate line in the form: name='value'; Names which are unknown are output as "name='UNKNOWN';". See also "-V:name" in "Command Switches" in perlrun. bincompat_options() Returns a list of C pre-processor options used when compiling this perl binary, which affect its binary compatibility with extensions. "bincompat_options()" and "non_bincompat_options()" are shown together in the output of "perl -V" as Compile-time options. non_bincompat_options() Returns a list of C pre-processor options used when compiling this perl binary, which do not affect binary compatibility with extensions. compile_date() Returns the compile date (as a string), equivalent to what is shown by "perl -V" local_patches() Returns a list of the names of locally applied patches, equivalent to what is shown by "perl -V". header_files() Returns a list of the header files that should be used as dependencies for XS code, for this version of Perl on this platform.

πŸ’‘ Example

πŸ“ Here's a more sophisticated example of using %Config:

           use Config;
           use strict;

           my %sig_num;
           my @sig_name;
           unless($Config{sig_name} && $Config{sig_num}) {
               die "No sigs?";
           } else {
               my @names = split ' ', $Config{sig_name};
               @sig_num{@names} = split ' ', $Config{sig_num};
               foreach (@names) {
                   $sig_name[$sig_num{$_}] ||= $_;
               }
           }

           print "signal #17 = $sig_name[17]\n";
           if ($sig_num{ALRM}) {
               print "SIGALRM is $sig_num{ALRM}\n";
           }

⚠️ WARNING

⚠️ Because this information is not stored within the perl executable itself it is possible (but unlikely) that the information does not relate to the actual perl binary which is being used to access it.

πŸ“‚ The Config module is installed into the architecture and version specific library directory ($Config{installarchlib}) and it checks the perl version number when loaded.

πŸ”§ The values stored in config.sh may be either single-quoted or double-quoted. Double-quoted strings are handy for those cases where you need to include escape sequences in the strings. To avoid runtime variable interpolation, any "$" and "@" characters are replaced by "\$" and "\@", respectively. This isn't foolproof, of course, so don't embed "\$" or "\@" in double-quoted strings unless you're willing to deal with the consequences. (The slashes will end up escaped and the "$" or "@" will trigger variable interpolation)

πŸ“– GLOSSARY

ℹ️ Most Config variables are determined by the Configure script on platforms supported by it (which is most UNIX platforms). Some platforms have custom-made Config variables, and may thus not have some of the variables described below, or may have extraneous variables specific to that particular port. See the port specific documentation in such cases.

πŸ”Ή Section: _

πŸ”Έ Section: a

πŸ”Έ Section: b

πŸ”Έ Section: c

πŸ”Έ Section: d

If $sitearch is the same as $archlib, then this is set to undef. "d_snprintf" From d_snprintf.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_SNPRINTF" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the snprintf () library function is available. "d_sockaddr_in6" From d_socket.U: This variable conditionally defines the HAS_SOCKADDR_IN6 symbol, which indicates the availability of a struct sockaddr_in6. "d_sockaddr_sa_len" From d_socket.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_SOCKADDR_SA_LEN" symbol, which indicates that a struct sockaddr structure has the sa_len member. "d_sockaddr_storage" From d_socket.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_SOCKADDR_STORAGE" symbol, which indicates the availability of a struct sockaddr_storage. "d_sockatmark" From d_sockatmark.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_SOCKATMARK" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the sockatmark() routine is available. "d_sockatmarkproto" From d_sockatmarkproto.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_SOCKATMARK_PROTO" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the system provides a prototype for the sockatmark() function. Otherwise, it is up to the program to supply one. "d_socket" From d_socket.U: This variable conditionally defines "HAS_SOCKET", which indicates that the "BSD" socket interface is supported. "d_socklen_t" From d_socklen_t.U: This symbol will be defined if the C compiler supports socklen_t. "d_sockpair" From d_socket.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_SOCKETPAIR" symbol, which indicates that the "BSD" socketpair() is supported. "d_socks5_init" From d_socks5_init.U: This variable conditionally defines the HAS_SOCKS5_INIT symbol, which indicates to the C program that the socks5_init() routine is available. "d_sqrtl" From d_sqrtl.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_SQRTL" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the sqrtl() routine is available. "d_srand48_r" From d_srand48_r.U: This variable conditionally defines the HAS_SRAND48_R symbol, which indicates to the C program that the srand48_r() routine is available. "d_srandom_r" From d_srandom_r.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_SRANDOM_R" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the srandom_r() routine is available. "d_sresgproto" From d_sresgproto.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_SETRESGID_PROTO" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the system provides a prototype for the setresgid() function. Otherwise, it is up to the program to supply one. "d_sresuproto" From d_sresuproto.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_SETRESUID_PROTO" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the system provides a prototype for the setresuid() function. Otherwise, it is up to the program to supply one. "d_stat" From d_stat.U: This variable conditionally defines "HAS_STAT" if stat() is available to get file status. "d_statblks" From d_statblks.U: This variable conditionally defines "USE_STAT_BLOCKS" if this system has a stat structure declaring st_blksize and st_blocks. "d_statfs_f_flags" From d_statfs_f_flags.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS" symbol, which indicates to struct statfs from has f_flags member. This kind of struct statfs is coming from sys/mount.h ("BSD"), not from sys/statfs.h ("SYSV"). "d_statfs_s" From d_statfs_s.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STRUCT_STATFS" symbol, which indicates that the struct statfs is supported. "d_static_inline" From d_static_inline.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STATIC_INLINE" symbol, which indicates that the C compiler supports C99-style static inline. That is, the function can't be called from another translation unit. "d_statvfs" From d_statvfs.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STATVFS" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the statvfs() routine is available. "d_stdio_cnt_lval" From d_stdstdio.U: This variable conditionally defines "STDIO_CNT_LVALUE" if the "FILE_cnt" macro can be used as an lvalue. "d_stdio_ptr_lval" From d_stdstdio.U: This variable conditionally defines "STDIO_PTR_LVALUE" if the "FILE_ptr" macro can be used as an lvalue. "d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt" From d_stdstdio.U: This symbol is defined if using the "FILE_ptr" macro as an lvalue to increase the pointer by n leaves File_cnt(fp) unchanged. "d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt" From d_stdstdio.U: This symbol is defined if using the "FILE_ptr" macro as an lvalue to increase the pointer by n has the side effect of decreasing the value of File_cnt(fp) by n. "d_stdio_stream_array" From stdio_streams.U: This variable tells whether there is an array holding the stdio streams. "d_stdiobase" From d_stdstdio.U: This variable conditionally defines "USE_STDIO_BASE" if this system has a "FILE" structure declaring a usable _base field (or equivalent) in stdio.h. "d_stdstdio" From d_stdstdio.U: This variable conditionally defines "USE_STDIO_PTR" if this system has a "FILE" structure declaring usable _ptr and _cnt fields (or equivalent) in stdio.h. "d_strcoll" From d_strcoll.U: This variable conditionally defines "HAS_STRCOLL" if strcoll() is available to compare strings using collating information. "d_strerror_l" From d_strerror_l.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STRERROR_L" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the strerror_l() routine is available to return the error message for a given errno value in a particular locale (identified by a locale_t object). "d_strerror_r" From d_strerror_r.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STRERROR_R" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the strerror_r() routine is available. "d_strftime" From d_strftime.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STRFTIME" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the strftime() routine is available. "d_strlcat" From d_strlcat.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STRLCAT" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the strlcat () routine is available. "d_strlcpy" From d_strlcpy.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STRLCPY" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the strlcpy () routine is available. "d_strnlen" From d_strnlen.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STRNLEN" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the strnlen () routine is available. "d_strtod" From d_strtod.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STRTOD" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the strtod() routine is available to provide better numeric string conversion than atof(). "d_strtod_l" From d_strtod_l.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STRTOD_L" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the strtod_l() routine is available. "d_strtol" From d_strtol.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STRTOL" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the strtol() routine is available to provide better numeric string conversion than atoi() and friends. "d_strtold" From d_strtold.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STRTOLD" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the strtold() routine is available. "d_strtold_l" From d_strtold_l.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STRTOLD_L" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the strtold_l() routine is available. "d_strtoll" From d_strtoll.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STRTOLL" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the strtoll() routine is available. "d_strtoq" From d_strtoq.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STRTOQ" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the strtoq() routine is available. "d_strtoul" From d_strtoul.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STRTOUL" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the strtoul() routine is available to provide conversion of strings to unsigned long. "d_strtoull" From d_strtoull.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STRTOULL" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the strtoull() routine is available. "d_strtouq" From d_strtouq.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_STRTOUQ" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the strtouq() routine is available. "d_strxfrm" From d_strxfrm.U: This variable conditionally defines "HAS_STRXFRM" if strxfrm() is available to transform strings. "d_suidsafe" From d_dosuid.U: This variable conditionally defines "SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW" if setuid scripts can be secure. This test looks in /dev/fd/. "d_symlink" From d_symlink.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_SYMLINK" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the symlink() routine is available to create symbolic links. "d_syscall" From d_syscall.U: This variable conditionally defines "HAS_SYSCALL" if syscall() is available call arbitrary system calls. "d_syscallproto" From d_syscallproto.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_SYSCALL_PROTO" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the system provides a prototype for the syscall() function. Otherwise, it is up to the program to supply one. "d_sysconf" From d_sysconf.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_SYSCONF" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the sysconf() routine is available to determine system related limits and options. "d_sysernlst" From d_strerror.U: This variable conditionally defines "HAS_SYS_ERRNOLIST" if sys_errnolist[] is available to translate error numbers to the symbolic name. "d_syserrlst" From d_strerror.U: This variable conditionally defines "HAS_SYS_ERRLIST" if sys_errlist[] is available to translate error numbers to strings. "d_system" From d_system.U: This variable conditionally defines "HAS_SYSTEM" if system() is available to issue a shell command. "d_tcgetpgrp" From d_tcgtpgrp.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_TCGETPGRP" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the tcgetpgrp() routine is available. to get foreground process group "ID". "d_tcsetpgrp" From d_tcstpgrp.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_TCSETPGRP" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the tcsetpgrp() routine is available to set foreground process group "ID". "d_telldir" From d_readdir.U: This variable conditionally defines "HAS_TELLDIR" if telldir() is available. "d_telldirproto" From d_telldirproto.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_TELLDIR_PROTO" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the system provides a prototype for the telldir() function. Otherwise, it is up to the program to supply one. "d_tgamma" From d_tgamma.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_TGAMMA" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the tgamma() routine is available for the gamma function. See also d_lgamma. "d_thread_safe_nl_langinfo_l" From d_nl_langinfo_l.U: This variable contains the eventual value of the "HAS_THREAD_SAFE_NL_LANGINFO_L" symbol, which indicates if the nl_langinfo_l() function exists and is thread-safe. "d_time" From d_time.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_TIME" symbol, which indicates that the time() routine exists. The time() routine is normally provided on "UNIX" systems. "d_timegm" From d_timegm.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_TIMEGM" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the timegm () routine is available. "d_times" From d_times.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_TIMES" symbol, which indicates that the times() routine exists. The times() routine is normally provided on "UNIX" systems. You may have to include <sys/times.h>. "d_tm_tm_gmtoff" From i_time.U: This variable conditionally defines "HAS_TM_TM_GMTOFF", which indicates to the C program that the struct tm has the tm_gmtoff field. "d_tm_tm_zone" From i_time.U: This variable conditionally defines "HAS_TM_TM_ZONE", which indicates to the C program that the struct tm has the tm_zone field. "d_tmpnam_r" From d_tmpnam_r.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_TMPNAM_R" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the tmpnam_r() routine is available. "d_towlower" From d_towlower.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_TOWLOWER" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the towlower() routine is available. "d_towupper" From d_towupper.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_TOWUPPER" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the towupper() routine is available. "d_trunc" From d_trunc.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_TRUNC" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the trunc() routine is available to round doubles towards zero. "d_truncate" From d_truncate.U: This variable conditionally defines "HAS_TRUNCATE" if truncate() is available to truncate files. "d_truncl" From d_truncl.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_TRUNCL" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the truncl() routine is available to round long doubles towards zero. If copysignl is also present, we can emulate modfl. "d_ttyname_r" From d_ttyname_r.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_TTYNAME_R" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the ttyname_r() routine is available. "d_tzname" From d_tzname.U: This variable conditionally defines "HAS_TZNAME" if tzname[] is available to access timezone names. "d_u32align" From d_u32align.U: This variable tells whether you must access character data through U32-aligned pointers. "d_ualarm" From d_ualarm.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_UALARM" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the ualarm() routine is available. "d_umask" From d_umask.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_UMASK" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the umask() routine is available. to set and get the value of the file creation mask. "d_uname" From d_gethname.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_UNAME" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the uname() routine may be used to derive the host name. "d_union_semun" From d_union_semun.U: This variable conditionally defines "HAS_UNION_SEMUN" if the union semun is defined by including <sys/sem.h>. "d_unlinkat" From d_fsat.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_UNLINKAT" symbol, which indicates the "POSIX" unlinkat() function isavailable. "d_unordered" From d_unordered.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_UNORDERED" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the unordered() routine is available. "d_unsetenv" From d_unsetenv.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_UNSETENV" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the unsetenv () routine is available. "d_uselocale" From d_newlocale.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_USELOCALE" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the uselocale() routine is available to set the current locale for the calling thread. "d_usleep" From d_usleep.U: This variable conditionally defines "HAS_USLEEP" if usleep() is available to do high granularity sleeps. "d_usleepproto" From d_usleepproto.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_USLEEP_PROTO" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the system provides a prototype for the usleep() function. Otherwise, it is up to the program to supply one. "d_ustat" From d_ustat.U: This variable conditionally defines "HAS_USTAT" if ustat() is available to query file system statistics by dev_t. "d_vendorarch" From vendorarch.U: This variable conditionally defined "PERL_VENDORARCH". "d_vendorbin" From vendorbin.U: This variable conditionally defines "PERL_VENDORBIN". "d_vendorlib" From vendorlib.U: This variable conditionally defines "PERL_VENDORLIB". "d_vendorscript" From vendorscript.U: This variable conditionally defines "PERL_VENDORSCRIPT". "d_vfork" From d_vfork.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_VFORK" symbol, which indicates the vfork() routine is available. "d_void_closedir" From d_closedir.U: This variable conditionally defines "VOID_CLOSEDIR" if closedir() does not return a value. "d_voidsig" From d_voidsig.U: This variable conditionally defines "VOIDSIG" if this system declares "void (*signal(...))()" in signal.h. The old way was to declare it as "int (*signal(...))()". "d_voidtty" From i_sysioctl.U: This variable conditionally defines "USE_IOCNOTTY" to indicate that the ioctl() call with "TIOCNOTTY" should be used to void tty association. Otherwise (on "USG" probably), it is enough to close the standard file descriptors and do a setpgrp(). "d_vsnprintf" From d_snprintf.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_VSNPRINTF" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the vsnprintf () library function is available. "d_wait4" From d_wait4.U: This variable conditionally defines the HAS_WAIT4 symbol, which indicates the wait4() routine is available. "d_waitpid" From d_waitpid.U: This variable conditionally defines "HAS_WAITPID" if waitpid() is available to wait for child process. "d_wcrtomb" From d_wcrtomb.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_WCRTOMB" symbol if the wcrtomb() routine is available to be used to convert a wide character into a multi-byte character. "d_wcscmp" From d_wcscmp.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_WCSCMP" symbol if the wcscmp() routine is available and can be used to compare wide character strings. "d_wcstombs" From d_wcstombs.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_WCSTOMBS" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the wcstombs() routine is available to convert wide character strings to multibyte strings. "d_wcsxfrm" From d_wcsxfrm.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_WCSXFRM" symbol if the wcsxfrm() routine is available and can be used to compare wide character strings. "d_wctomb" From d_wctomb.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_WCTOMB" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the wctomb() routine is available to convert a wide character to a multibyte. "d_writev" From d_writev.U: This variable conditionally defines the "HAS_WRITEV" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the writev() routine is available. "d_xenix" From Guess.U: This variable conditionally defines the symbol "XENIX", which alerts the C program that it runs under Xenix. "date" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the date program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "date" and is not useful. "db_hashtype" From i_db.U: This variable contains the type of the hash structure element in the <db.h> header file. In older versions of "DB", it was int, while in newer ones it is u_int32_t. "db_prefixtype" From i_db.U: This variable contains the type of the prefix structure element in the <db.h> header file. In older versions of "DB", it was int, while in newer ones it is size_t. "db_version_major" From i_db.U: This variable contains the major version number of Berkeley "DB" found in the <db.h> header file. "db_version_minor" From i_db.U: This variable contains the minor version number of Berkeley "DB" found in the <db.h> header file. For "DB" version 1 this is always 0. "db_version_patch" From i_db.U: This variable contains the patch version number of Berkeley "DB" found in the <db.h> header file. For "DB" version 1 this is always 0. "default_inc_excludes_dot" From defaultincdot.U: When defined, remove the legacy . from @"INC" "direntrytype" From i_dirent.U: This symbol is set to "struct direct" or "struct dirent" depending on whether dirent is available or not. You should use this pseudo type to portably declare your directory entries. "dlext" From dlext.U: This variable contains the extension that is to be used for the dynamically loaded modules that perl generates. "dlsrc" From dlsrc.U: This variable contains the name of the dynamic loading file that will be used with the package. "doubleinfbytes" From infnan.U: This variable contains comma-separated list of hexadecimal bytes for the double precision infinity. "doublekind" From longdblfio.U: This variable, if defined, encodes the type of a double: 1 = "IEEE" 754 32-bit little endian, 2 = "IEEE" 754 32-bit big endian, 3 = "IEEE" 754 64-bit little endian, 4 = "IEEE" 754 64-bit big endian, 5 = "IEEE" 754 128-bit little endian, 6 = "IEEE" 754 128-bit big endian, 7 = "IEEE" 754 64-bit mixed endian le-be, 8 = "IEEE" 754 64-bit mixed endian be-le, 9 = "VAX" 32bit little endian F float format 10 = "VAX" 64bit little endian D float format 11 = "VAX" 64bit little endian G float format 12 = "IBM" 32bit format 13 = "IBM" 64bit format 14 = Cray 64bit format -1 = unknown format. "doublemantbits" From mantbits.U: This symbol, if defined, tells how many mantissa bits there are in double precision floating point format. Note that this is usually "DBL_MANT_DIG" minus one, since with the standard "IEEE" 754 formats "DBL_MANT_DIG" includes the implicit bit which doesn't really exist. "doublenanbytes" From infnan.U: This variable contains comma-separated list of hexadecimal bytes for the double precision not-a-number. "doublesize" From doublesize.U: This variable contains the value of the "DOUBLESIZE" symbol, which indicates to the C program how many bytes there are in a double. "drand01" From randfunc.U: Indicates the macro to be used to generate normalized random numbers. Uses randfunc, often divided by (double) (((unsigned long) 1 << randbits)) in order to normalize the result. In C programs, the macro "Drand01" is mapped to drand01. "drand48_r_proto" From d_drand48_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of drand48_r. It is zero if d_drand48_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_drand48_r is defined. "dtrace" From usedtrace.U: This variable holds the location of the dtrace executable. "dtraceobject" From dtraceobject.U: Whether we need to build an object file with the dtrace tool. "dtracexnolibs" From dtraceobject.U: Whether dtrace accepts -xnolibs. If available we call dtrace -h and dtrace -G with -xnolibs to allow dtrace to run in a jail on FreeBSD. "dynamic_ext" From Extensions.U: This variable holds a list of "XS" extension files we want to link dynamically into the package. It is used by Makefile. e "eagain" From nblock_io.U: This variable bears the symbolic errno code set by read() when no data is present on the file and non-blocking I/O was enabled (otherwise, read() blocks naturally). "ebcdic" From ebcdic.U: This variable conditionally defines "EBCDIC" if this system uses "EBCDIC" encoding. "echo" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the echo program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "echo" and is not useful. "egrep" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the egrep program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "egrep" and is not useful. "emacs" From Loc.U: This variable is defined but not used by Configure. The value is the empty string and is not useful. "endgrent_r_proto" From d_endgrent_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of endgrent_r. It is zero if d_endgrent_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_endgrent_r is defined. "endhostent_r_proto" From d_endhostent_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of endhostent_r. It is zero if d_endhostent_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_endhostent_r is defined. "endnetent_r_proto" From d_endnetent_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of endnetent_r. It is zero if d_endnetent_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_endnetent_r is defined. "endprotoent_r_proto" From d_endprotoent_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of endprotoent_r. It is zero if d_endprotoent_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_endprotoent_r is defined. "endpwent_r_proto" From d_endpwent_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of endpwent_r. It is zero if d_endpwent_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_endpwent_r is defined. "endservent_r_proto" From d_endservent_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of endservent_r. It is zero if d_endservent_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_endservent_r is defined. "eunicefix" From Init.U: When running under Eunice this variable contains a command which will convert a shell script to the proper form of text file for it to be executable by the shell. On other systems it is a no-op. "exe_ext" From Unix.U: This is an old synonym for _exe. "expr" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the expr program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "expr" and is not useful. "extensions" From Extensions.U: This variable holds a list of all extension files (both "XS" and non-xs) installed with the package. It is propagated to Config.pm and is typically used to test whether a particular extension is available. "extern_C" From Csym.U: "ANSI" C requires "extern" where C++ requires 'extern "C"'. This variable can be used in Configure to do the right thing. "extras" From Extras.U: This variable holds a list of extra modules to install. f "fflushall" From fflushall.U: This symbol, if defined, tells that to flush all pending stdio output one must loop through all the stdio file handles stored in an array and fflush them. Note that if fflushNULL is defined, fflushall will not even be probed for and will be left undefined. "fflushNULL" From fflushall.U: This symbol, if defined, tells that fflush("NULL") correctly flushes all pending stdio output without side effects. In particular, on some platforms calling fflush("NULL") *still* corrupts "STDIN" if it is a pipe. "find" From Loc.U: This variable is defined but not used by Configure. The value is the empty string and is not useful. "firstmakefile" From Unix.U: This variable defines the first file searched by make. On unix, it is makefile (then Makefile). On case-insensitive systems, it might be something else. This is only used to deal with convoluted make depend tricks. "flex" From Loc.U: This variable is defined but not used by Configure. The value is the empty string and is not useful. "fpossize" From fpossize.U: This variable contains the size of a fpostype in bytes. "fpostype" From fpostype.U: This variable defines Fpos_t to be something like fpos_t, long, uint, or whatever type is used to declare file positions in libc. "freetype" From mallocsrc.U: This variable contains the return type of free(). It is usually void, but occasionally int. "from" From Cross.U: This variable contains the command used by Configure to copy files from the target host. Useful and available only during Perl build. The string ":" if not cross-compiling. "full_ar" From Loc_ar.U: This variable contains the full pathname to "ar", whether or not the user has specified "portability". This is only used in the Makefile.SH. "full_csh" From d_csh.U: This variable contains the full pathname to "csh", whether or not the user has specified "portability". This is only used in the compiled C program, and we assume that all systems which can share this executable will have the same full pathname to csh. "full_sed" From Loc_sed.U: This variable contains the full pathname to "sed", whether or not the user has specified "portability". This is only used in the compiled C program, and we assume that all systems which can share this executable will have the same full pathname to sed. g "gccansipedantic" From gccvers.U: If "GNU" cc (gcc) is used, this variable will enable (if set) the -ansi and -pedantic ccflags for building core files (through cflags script). (See Porting/pumpkin.pod for full description). "gccosandvers" From gccvers.U: If "GNU" cc (gcc) is used, this variable holds the operating system and version used to compile gcc. It is set to '' if not gcc, or if nothing useful can be parsed as the os version. "gccversion" From gccvers.U: If "GNU" cc (gcc) is used, this variable holds 1 or 2 to indicate whether the compiler is version 1 or 2. This is used in setting some of the default cflags. It is set to '' if not gcc. "getgrent_r_proto" From d_getgrent_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of getgrent_r. It is zero if d_getgrent_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_getgrent_r is defined. "getgrgid_r_proto" From d_getgrgid_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of getgrgid_r. It is zero if d_getgrgid_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_getgrgid_r is defined. "getgrnam_r_proto" From d_getgrnam_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of getgrnam_r. It is zero if d_getgrnam_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_getgrnam_r is defined. "gethostbyaddr_r_proto" From d_gethostbyaddr_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of gethostbyaddr_r. It is zero if d_gethostbyaddr_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_gethostbyaddr_r is defined. "gethostbyname_r_proto" From d_gethostbyname_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of gethostbyname_r. It is zero if d_gethostbyname_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_gethostbyname_r is defined. "gethostent_r_proto" From d_gethostent_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of gethostent_r. It is zero if d_gethostent_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_gethostent_r is defined. "getlogin_r_proto" From d_getlogin_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of getlogin_r. It is zero if d_getlogin_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_getlogin_r is defined. "getnetbyaddr_r_proto" From d_getnetbyaddr_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of getnetbyaddr_r. It is zero if d_getnetbyaddr_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_getnetbyaddr_r is defined. "getnetbyname_r_proto" From d_getnetbyname_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of getnetbyname_r. It is zero if d_getnetbyname_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_getnetbyname_r is defined. "getnetent_r_proto" From d_getnetent_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of getnetent_r. It is zero if d_getnetent_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_getnetent_r is defined. "getprotobyname_r_proto" From d_getprotobyname_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of getprotobyname_r. It is zero if d_getprotobyname_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_getprotobyname_r is defined. "getprotobynumber_r_proto" From d_getprotobynumber_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of getprotobynumber_r. It is zero if d_getprotobynumber_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_getprotobynumber_r is defined. "getprotoent_r_proto" From d_getprotoent_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of getprotoent_r. It is zero if d_getprotoent_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_getprotoent_r is defined. "getpwent_r_proto" From d_getpwent_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of getpwent_r. It is zero if d_getpwent_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_getpwent_r is defined. "getpwnam_r_proto" From d_getpwnam_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of getpwnam_r. It is zero if d_getpwnam_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_getpwnam_r is defined. "getpwuid_r_proto" From d_getpwuid_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of getpwuid_r. It is zero if d_getpwuid_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_getpwuid_r is defined. "getservbyname_r_proto" From d_getservbyname_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of getservbyname_r. It is zero if d_getservbyname_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_getservbyname_r is defined. "getservbyport_r_proto" From d_getservbyport_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of getservbyport_r. It is zero if d_getservbyport_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_getservbyport_r is defined. "getservent_r_proto" From d_getservent_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of getservent_r. It is zero if d_getservent_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_getservent_r is defined. "getspnam_r_proto" From d_getspnam_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of getspnam_r. It is zero if d_getspnam_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_getspnam_r is defined. "gidformat" From gidf.U: This variable contains the format string used for printing a Gid_t. "gidsign" From gidsign.U: This variable contains the signedness of a gidtype. 1 for unsigned, -1 for signed. "gidsize" From gidsize.U: This variable contains the size of a gidtype in bytes. "gidtype" From gidtype.U: This variable defines Gid_t to be something like gid_t, int, ushort, or whatever type is used to declare the return type of getgid(). Typically, it is the type of group ids in the kernel. "glibpth" From libpth.U: This variable holds the general path (space-separated) used to find libraries. It may contain directories that do not exist on this platform, libpth is the cleaned-up version. "gmake" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the gmake program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "gmake" and is not useful. "gmtime_r_proto" From d_gmtime_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of gmtime_r. It is zero if d_gmtime_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_gmtime_r is defined. "gnulibc_version" From d_gnulibc.U: This variable contains the version number of the "GNU" C library. It is usually something like 2.2.5. It is a plain '' if this is not the "GNU" C library, or if the version is unknown. "grep" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the grep program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "grep" and is not useful. "groupcat" From nis.U: This variable contains a command that produces the text of the /etc/group file. This is normally "cat /etc/group", but can be "ypcat group" when "NIS" is used. On some systems, such as os390, there may be no equivalent command, in which case this variable is unset. "groupstype" From groupstype.U: This variable defines Groups_t to be something like gid_t, int, ushort, or whatever type is used for the second argument to getgroups() and setgroups(). Usually, this is the same as gidtype (gid_t), but sometimes it isn't. "gzip" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the gzip program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "gzip" and is not useful. h "h_fcntl" From h_fcntl.U: This is variable gets set in various places to tell i_fcntl that <fcntl.h> should be included. "h_sysfile" From h_sysfile.U: This is variable gets set in various places to tell i_sys_file that <sys/file.h> should be included. "hint" From Oldconfig.U: Gives the type of hints used for previous answers. May be one of "default", "recommended" or "previous". "hostcat" From nis.U: This variable contains a command that produces the text of the /etc/hosts file. This is normally "cat /etc/hosts", but can be "ypcat hosts" when "NIS" is used. On some systems, such as os390, there may be no equivalent command, in which case this variable is unset. "hostgenerate" From Cross.U: This variable contains the path to a generate_uudmap binary that can be run on the host "OS" when cross-compiling. Useful and available only during Perl build. Empty string '' if not cross- compiling. "hostosname" From Cross.U: This variable contains the original value of $^O for hostperl when cross-compiling. This is useful to pick the proper tools when running build code in the host. Empty string '' if not cross- compiling. "hostperl" From Cross.U: This variable contains the path to a miniperl binary that can be run on the host "OS" when cross-compiling. Useful and available only during Perl build. Empty string '' if not cross-compiling. "html1dir" From html1dir.U: This variable contains the name of the directory in which html source pages are to be put. This directory is for pages that describe whole programs, not libraries or modules. It is intended to correspond roughly to section 1 of the Unix manuals. "html1direxp" From html1dir.U: This variable is the same as the html1dir variable, but is filename expanded at configuration time, for convenient use in makefiles. "html3dir" From html3dir.U: This variable contains the name of the directory in which html source pages are to be put. This directory is for pages that describe libraries or modules. It is intended to correspond roughly to section 3 of the Unix manuals. "html3direxp" From html3dir.U: This variable is the same as the html3dir variable, but is filename expanded at configuration time, for convenient use in makefiles. i "i16size" From perlxv.U: This variable is the size of an I16 in bytes. "i16type" From perlxv.U: This variable contains the C type used for Perl's I16. "i32size" From perlxv.U: This variable is the size of an I32 in bytes. "i32type" From perlxv.U: This variable contains the C type used for Perl's I32. "i64size" From perlxv.U: This variable is the size of an I64 in bytes. "i64type" From perlxv.U: This variable contains the C type used for Perl's I64. "i8size" From perlxv.U: This variable is the size of an I8 in bytes. "i8type" From perlxv.U: This variable contains the C type used for Perl's I8. "i_arpainet" From i_arpainet.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_ARPA_INET" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <arpa/inet.h>. "i_bfd" From i_bfd.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_BFD" symbol, and indicates whether a C program can include <bfd.h>. "i_bsdioctl" From i_sysioctl.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYS_BSDIOCTL" symbol, which indicates to the C program that <sys/bsdioctl.h> exists and should be included. "i_crypt" From i_crypt.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_CRYPT" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <crypt.h>. "i_db" From i_db.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_DB" symbol, and indicates whether a C program may include Berkeley's "DB" include file <db.h>. "i_dbm" From i_dbm.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_DBM" symbol, which indicates to the C program that <dbm.h> exists and should be included. "i_dirent" From i_dirent.U: This variable conditionally defines "I_DIRENT", which indicates to the C program that it should include <dirent.h>. "i_dlfcn" From i_dlfcn.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_DLFCN" symbol, which indicates to the C program that <dlfcn.h> exists and should be included. "i_execinfo" From i_execinfo.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_EXECINFO" symbol, and indicates whether a C program may include <execinfo.h>, for backtrace() support. "i_fcntl" From i_fcntl.U: This variable controls the value of "I_FCNTL" (which tells the C program to include <fcntl.h>). "i_fenv" From i_fenv.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_FENV" symbol, which indicates to the C program that <fenv.h> exists and should be included. "i_fp" From i_fp.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_FP" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <fp.h>. "i_fp_class" From i_fp_class.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_FP_CLASS" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <fp_class.h>. "i_gdbm" From i_gdbm.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_GDBM" symbol, which indicates to the C program that <gdbm.h> exists and should be included. "i_gdbm_ndbm" From i_ndbm.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_GDBM_NDBM" symbol, which indicates to the C program that <gdbm-ndbm.h> exists and should be included. This is the location of the ndbm.h compatibility file in Debian 4.0. "i_gdbmndbm" From i_ndbm.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_GDBMNDBM" symbol, which indicates to the C program that <gdbm/ndbm.h> exists and should be included. This was the location of the ndbm.h compatibility file in RedHat 7.1. "i_grp" From i_grp.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_GRP" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <grp.h>. "i_ieeefp" From i_ieeefp.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_IEEEFP" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <ieeefp.h>. "i_inttypes" From i_inttypes.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_INTTYPES" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <inttypes.h>. "i_langinfo" From i_langinfo.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_LANGINFO" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <langinfo.h>. "i_libutil" From i_libutil.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_LIBUTIL" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <libutil.h>. "i_locale" From i_locale.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_LOCALE" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <locale.h>. "i_machcthr" From i_machcthr.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_MACH_CTHREADS" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <mach/cthreads.h>. "i_malloc" From i_malloc.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_MALLOC" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <malloc.h>. "i_mallocmalloc" From i_mallocmalloc.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_MALLOCMALLOC" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <malloc/malloc.h>. "i_mntent" From i_mntent.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_MNTENT" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <mntent.h>. "i_ndbm" From i_ndbm.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_NDBM" symbol, which indicates to the C program that <ndbm.h> exists and should be included. "i_netdb" From i_netdb.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_NETDB" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <netdb.h>. "i_neterrno" From i_neterrno.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_NET_ERRNO" symbol, which indicates to the C program that <net/errno.h> exists and should be included. "i_netinettcp" From i_netinettcp.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_NETINET_TCP" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <netinet/tcp.h>. "i_niin" From i_niin.U: This variable conditionally defines "I_NETINET_IN", which indicates to the C program that it should include <netinet/in.h>. Otherwise, you may try <sys/in.h>. "i_poll" From i_poll.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_POLL" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <poll.h>. "i_prot" From i_prot.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_PROT" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <prot.h>. "i_pthread" From i_pthread.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_PTHREAD" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <pthread.h>. "i_pwd" From i_pwd.U: This variable conditionally defines "I_PWD", which indicates to the C program that it should include <pwd.h>. "i_quadmath" From i_quadmath.U: This variable conditionally defines "I_QUADMATH", which indicates to the C program that it should include <quadmath.h>. "i_rpcsvcdbm" From i_dbm.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_RPCSVC_DBM" symbol, which indicates to the C program that <rpcsvc/dbm.h> exists and should be included. Some System V systems might need this instead of <dbm.h>. "i_sgtty" From i_termio.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SGTTY" symbol, which indicates to the C program that it should include <sgtty.h> rather than <termio.h>. "i_shadow" From i_shadow.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SHADOW" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <shadow.h>. "i_socks" From i_socks.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SOCKS" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <socks.h>. "i_stdbool" From i_stdbool.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_STDBOOL" symbol, which indicates to the C program that <stdbool.h> exists and should be included. "i_stdint" From i_stdint.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_STDINT" symbol, which indicates to the C program that <stdint.h> exists and should be included. "i_stdlib" From i_stdlib.U: This variable unconditionally defines the "I_STDLIB" symbol. "i_sunmath" From i_sunmath.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SUNMATH" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sunmath.h>. "i_sysaccess" From i_sysaccess.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYS_ACCESS" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sys/access.h>. "i_sysdir" From i_sysdir.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYS_DIR" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sys/dir.h>. "i_sysfile" From i_sysfile.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYS_FILE" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sys/file.h> to get "R_OK" and friends. "i_sysfilio" From i_sysioctl.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYS_FILIO" symbol, which indicates to the C program that <sys/filio.h> exists and should be included in preference to <sys/ioctl.h>. "i_sysin" From i_niin.U: This variable conditionally defines "I_SYS_IN", which indicates to the C program that it should include <sys/in.h> instead of <netinet/in.h>. "i_sysioctl" From i_sysioctl.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYS_IOCTL" symbol, which indicates to the C program that <sys/ioctl.h> exists and should be included. "i_syslog" From i_syslog.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYSLOG" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <syslog.h>. "i_sysmman" From i_sysmman.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYS_MMAN" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sys/mman.h>. "i_sysmode" From i_sysmode.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYSMODE" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sys/mode.h>. "i_sysmount" From i_sysmount.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYSMOUNT" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sys/mount.h>. "i_sysndir" From i_sysndir.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYS_NDIR" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sys/ndir.h>. "i_sysparam" From i_sysparam.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYS_PARAM" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sys/param.h>. "i_syspoll" From i_syspoll.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYS_POLL" symbol, which indicates to the C program that it should include <sys/poll.h>. "i_sysresrc" From i_sysresrc.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYS_RESOURCE" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sys/resource.h>. "i_syssecrt" From i_syssecrt.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYS_SECURITY" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sys/security.h>. "i_sysselct" From i_sysselct.U: This variable conditionally defines "I_SYS_SELECT", which indicates to the C program that it should include <sys/select.h> in order to get the definition of struct timeval. "i_syssockio" From i_sysioctl.U: This variable conditionally defines "I_SYS_SOCKIO" to indicate to the C program that socket ioctl codes may be found in <sys/sockio.h> instead of <sys/ioctl.h>. "i_sysstat" From i_sysstat.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYS_STAT" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sys/stat.h>. "i_sysstatfs" From i_sysstatfs.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYSSTATFS" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sys/statfs.h>. "i_sysstatvfs" From i_sysstatvfs.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYSSTATVFS" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sys/statvfs.h>. "i_systime" From i_time.U: This variable conditionally defines "I_SYS_TIME", which indicates to the C program that it should include <sys/time.h>. "i_systimek" From i_time.U: This variable conditionally defines "I_SYS_TIME_KERNEL", which indicates to the C program that it should include <sys/time.h> with "KERNEL" defined. "i_systimes" From i_systimes.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYS_TIMES" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sys/times.h>. "i_systypes" From i_systypes.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYS_TYPES" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sys/types.h>. "i_sysuio" From i_sysuio.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYSUIO" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sys/uio.h>. "i_sysun" From i_sysun.U: This variable conditionally defines "I_SYS_UN", which indicates to the C program that it should include <sys/un.h> to get "UNIX" domain socket definitions. "i_sysutsname" From i_sysutsname.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYSUTSNAME" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sys/utsname.h>. "i_sysvfs" From i_sysvfs.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_SYSVFS" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <sys/vfs.h>. "i_syswait" From i_syswait.U: This variable conditionally defines "I_SYS_WAIT", which indicates to the C program that it should include <sys/wait.h>. "i_termio" From i_termio.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_TERMIO" symbol, which indicates to the C program that it should include <termio.h> rather than <sgtty.h>. "i_termios" From i_termio.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_TERMIOS" symbol, which indicates to the C program that the "POSIX" <termios.h> file is to be included. "i_time" From i_time.U: This variable unconditionally defines "I_TIME", which indicates to the C program that it should include <time.h>. "i_unistd" From i_unistd.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_UNISTD" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <unistd.h>. "i_ustat" From i_ustat.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_USTAT" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <ustat.h>. "i_utime" From i_utime.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_UTIME" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include <utime.h>. "i_vfork" From i_vfork.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_VFORK" symbol, and indicates whether a C program should include vfork.h. "i_wchar" From i_wchar.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_WCHAR" symbol, that indicates whether a C program may include <wchar.h>. "i_wctype" From i_wctype.U: This variable conditionally defines the "I_WCTYPE" symbol, that indicates whether a C program may include <wctype.h>. "i_xlocale" From d_newlocale.U: This symbol, if defined, indicates to the C program that it should include <xlocale.h> to get uselocale() and its friends "ignore_versioned_solibs" From libs.U: This variable should be non-empty if non-versioned shared libraries (libfoo.so.x.y) are to be ignored (because they cannot be linked against). "inc_version_list" From inc_version_list.U: This variable specifies the list of subdirectories in over which perl.c:incpush() and lib/lib.pm will automatically search when adding directories to @"INC". The elements in the list are separated by spaces. This is only useful if you have a perl library directory tree structured like the default one. See "INSTALL" for how this works. The versioned site_perl directory was introduced in 5.005, so that is the lowest possible value. This list includes architecture-dependent directories back to version $api_versionstring (e.g. 5.5.640) and architecture- independent directories all the way back to 5.005. "inc_version_list_init" From inc_version_list.U: This variable holds the same list as inc_version_list, but each item is enclosed in double quotes and separated by commas, suitable for use in the "PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST" initialization. "incpath" From usrinc.U: This variable must precede the normal include path to get the right one, as in $incpath/usr/include or $incpath/usr/lib. Value can be "" or /bsd43 on mips. "incpth" From libpth.U: This variable must precede the normal include path to get the right one, as in $incpath/usr/include or $incpath/usr/lib. Value can be "" or /bsd43 on mips. "inews" From Loc.U: This variable is defined but not used by Configure. The value is the empty string and is not useful. "initialinstalllocation" From bin.U: When userelocatableinc is true, this variable holds the location that make install should copy the perl binary to, with all the run- time relocatable paths calculated from this at install time. When used, it is initialized to the original value of binexp, and then binexp is set to .../, as the other binaries are found relative to the perl binary. "installarchlib" From archlib.U: This variable is really the same as archlibexp but may differ on those systems using "AFS". For extra portability, only this variable should be used in makefiles. "installbin" From bin.U: This variable is the same as binexp unless "AFS" is running in which case the user is explicitly prompted for it. This variable should always be used in your makefiles for maximum portability. "installhtml1dir" From html1dir.U: This variable is really the same as html1direxp, unless you are using a different installprefix. For extra portability, you should only use this variable within your makefiles. "installhtml3dir" From html3dir.U: This variable is really the same as html3direxp, unless you are using a different installprefix. For extra portability, you should only use this variable within your makefiles. "installman1dir" From man1dir.U: This variable is really the same as man1direxp, unless you are using "AFS" in which case it points to the read/write location whereas man1direxp only points to the read-only access location. For extra portability, you should only use this variable within your makefiles. "installman3dir" From man3dir.U: This variable is really the same as man3direxp, unless you are using "AFS" in which case it points to the read/write location whereas man3direxp only points to the read-only access location. For extra portability, you should only use this variable within your makefiles. "installprefix" From installprefix.U: This variable holds the name of the directory below which "make install" will install the package. For most users, this is the same as prefix. However, it is useful for installing the software into a different (usually temporary) location after which it can be bundled up and moved somehow to the final location specified by prefix. "installprefixexp" From installprefix.U: This variable holds the full absolute path of installprefix with all ~-expansion done. "installprivlib" From privlib.U: This variable is really the same as privlibexp but may differ on those systems using "AFS". For extra portability, only this variable should be used in makefiles. "installscript" From scriptdir.U: This variable is usually the same as scriptdirexp, unless you are on a system running "AFS", in which case they may differ slightly. You should always use this variable within your makefiles for portability. "installsitearch" From sitearch.U: This variable is really the same as sitearchexp but may differ on those systems using "AFS". For extra portability, only this variable should be used in makefiles. "installsitebin" From sitebin.U: This variable is usually the same as sitebinexp, unless you are on a system running "AFS", in which case they may differ slightly. You should always use this variable within your makefiles for portability. "installsitehtml1dir" From sitehtml1dir.U: This variable is really the same as sitehtml1direxp, unless you are using "AFS" in which case it points to the read/write location whereas html1direxp only points to the read-only access location. For extra portability, you should only use this variable within your makefiles. "installsitehtml3dir" From sitehtml3dir.U: This variable is really the same as sitehtml3direxp, unless you are using "AFS" in which case it points to the read/write location whereas html3direxp only points to the read-only access location. For extra portability, you should only use this variable within your makefiles. "installsitelib" From sitelib.U: This variable is really the same as sitelibexp but may differ on those systems using "AFS". For extra portability, only this variable should be used in makefiles. "installsiteman1dir" From siteman1dir.U: This variable is really the same as siteman1direxp, unless you are using "AFS" in which case it points to the read/write location whereas man1direxp only points to the read-only access location. For extra portability, you should only use this variable within your makefiles. "installsiteman3dir" From siteman3dir.U: This variable is really the same as siteman3direxp, unless you are using "AFS" in which case it points to the read/write location whereas man3direxp only points to the read-only access location. For extra portability, you should only use this variable within your makefiles. "installsitescript" From sitescript.U: This variable is usually the same as sitescriptexp, unless you are on a system running "AFS", in which case they may differ slightly. You should always use this variable within your makefiles for portability. "installstyle" From installstyle.U: This variable describes the "style" of the perl installation. This is intended to be useful for tools that need to manipulate entire perl distributions. Perl itself doesn't use this to find its libraries -- the library directories are stored directly in Config.pm. Currently, there are only two styles: "lib" and lib/perl5. The default library locations (e.g. privlib, sitelib) are either $prefix/lib or $prefix/lib/perl5. The former is useful if $prefix is a directory dedicated to perl (e.g. /opt/perl), while the latter is useful if $prefix is shared by many packages, e.g. if $prefix=/usr/local. Unfortunately, while this "style" variable is used to set defaults for all three directory hierarchies (core, vendor, and site), there is no guarantee that the same style is actually appropriate for all those directories. For example, $prefix might be /opt/perl, but $siteprefix might be /usr/local. (Perhaps, in retrospect, the "lib" style should never have been supported, but it did seem like a nice idea at the time.) The situation is even less clear for tools such as MakeMaker that can be used to install additional modules into non-standard places. For example, if a user intends to install a module into a private directory (perhaps by setting "PREFIX" on the Makefile.PL command line), then there is no reason to assume that the Configure-time $installstyle setting will be relevant for that "PREFIX". This may later be extended to include other information, so be careful with pattern-matching on the results. For compatibility with perl5.005 and earlier, the default setting is based on whether or not $prefix contains the string "perl". "installusrbinperl" From instubperl.U: This variable tells whether Perl should be installed also as /usr/bin/perl in addition to $installbin/perl "installvendorarch" From vendorarch.U: This variable is really the same as vendorarchexp but may differ on those systems using "AFS". For extra portability, only this variable should be used in makefiles. "installvendorbin" From vendorbin.U: This variable is really the same as vendorbinexp but may differ on those systems using "AFS". For extra portability, only this variable should be used in makefiles. "installvendorhtml1dir" From vendorhtml1dir.U: This variable is really the same as vendorhtml1direxp but may differ on those systems using "AFS". For extra portability, only this variable should be used in makefiles. "installvendorhtml3dir" From vendorhtml3dir.U: This variable is really the same as vendorhtml3direxp but may differ on those systems using "AFS". For extra portability, only this variable should be used in makefiles. "installvendorlib" From vendorlib.U: This variable is really the same as vendorlibexp but may differ on those systems using "AFS". For extra portability, only this variable should be used in makefiles. "installvendorman1dir" From vendorman1dir.U: This variable is really the same as vendorman1direxp but may differ on those systems using "AFS". For extra portability, only this variable should be used in makefiles. "installvendorman3dir" From vendorman3dir.U: This variable is really the same as vendorman3direxp but may differ on those systems using "AFS". For extra portability, only this variable should be used in makefiles. "installvendorscript" From vendorscript.U: This variable is really the same as vendorscriptexp but may differ on those systems using "AFS". For extra portability, only this variable should be used in makefiles. "intsize" From intsize.U: This variable contains the value of the "INTSIZE" symbol, which indicates to the C program how many bytes there are in an int. "issymlink" From issymlink.U: This variable holds the test command to test for a symbolic link (if they are supported). Typical values include "test -h" and "test -L". "ivdformat" From perlxvf.U: This variable contains the format string used for printing a Perl "IV" as a signed decimal integer. "ivsize" From perlxv.U: This variable is the size of an "IV" in bytes. "ivtype" From perlxv.U: This variable contains the C type used for Perl's "IV". k "known_extensions" From Extensions.U: This variable holds a list of all extensions (both "XS" and non-xs) included in the package source distribution. This information is only really of use during the Perl build, as the list makes no distinction between extensions which were build and installed, and those which where not. See "extensions" for the list of extensions actually built and available. "ksh" From Loc.U: This variable is defined but not used by Configure. The value is the empty string and is not useful. l "ld" From dlsrc.U: This variable indicates the program to be used to link libraries for dynamic loading. On some systems, it is "ld". On "ELF" systems, it should be $cc. Mostly, we'll try to respect the hint file setting. "ld_can_script" From dlsrc.U: This variable shows if the loader accepts scripts in the form of -Wl,--version-script=ld.script. This is currently only supported for "GNU" ld on "ELF" in dynamic loading builds. "lddlflags" From dlsrc.U: This variable contains any special flags that might need to be passed to $ld to create a shared library suitable for dynamic loading. It is up to the makefile to use it. For hpux, it should be "-b". For sunos 4.1, it is empty. "ldflags" From ccflags.U: This variable contains any additional C loader flags desired by the user. It is up to the Makefile to use this. "ldflags_uselargefiles" From uselfs.U: This variable contains the loader flags needed by large file builds and added to ldflags by hints files. "ldlibpthname" From libperl.U: This variable holds the name of the shared library search path, often "LD_LIBRARY_PATH". To get an empty string, the hints file must set this to "none". "less" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the less program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "less" and is not useful. "lib_ext" From Unix.U: This is an old synonym for _a. "libc" From libc.U: This variable contains the location of the C library. "libperl" From libperl.U: The perl executable is obtained by linking perlmain.c with libperl, any static extensions (usually just DynaLoader), and any other libraries needed on this system. libperl is usually libperl.a, but can also be libperl.so.xxx if the user wishes to build a perl executable with a shared library. "libpth" From libpth.U: This variable holds the general path (space-separated) used to find libraries. It is intended to be used by other units. "libs" From libs.U: This variable holds the additional libraries we want to use. It is up to the Makefile to deal with it. The list can be empty. "libsdirs" From libs.U: This variable holds the directory names aka dirnames of the libraries we found and accepted, duplicates are removed. "libsfiles" From libs.U: This variable holds the filenames aka basenames of the libraries we found and accepted. "libsfound" From libs.U: This variable holds the full pathnames of the libraries we found and accepted. "libspath" From libs.U: This variable holds the directory names probed for libraries. "libswanted" From Myinit.U: This variable holds a list of all the libraries we want to search. The order is chosen to pick up the c library ahead of ucb or bsd libraries for SVR4. "libswanted_uselargefiles" From uselfs.U: This variable contains the libraries needed by large file builds and added to ldflags by hints files. It is a space separated list of the library names without the "lib" prefix or any suffix, just like libswanted.. "line" From Loc.U: This variable is defined but not used by Configure. The value is the empty string and is not useful. "lint" From Loc.U: This variable is defined but not used by Configure. The value is the empty string and is not useful. "lkflags" From ccflags.U: This variable contains any additional C partial linker flags desired by the user. It is up to the Makefile to use this. "ln" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the ln program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "ln" and is not useful. "lns" From lns.U: This variable holds the name of the command to make symbolic links (if they are supported). It can be used in the Makefile. It is either "ln -s" or "ln" "localtime_r_proto" From d_localtime_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of localtime_r. It is zero if d_localtime_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_localtime_r is defined. "locincpth" From ccflags.U: This variable contains a list of additional directories to be searched by the compiler. The appropriate "-I" directives will be added to ccflags. This is intended to simplify setting local directories from the Configure command line. It's not much, but it parallels the loclibpth stuff in libpth.U. "loclibpth" From libpth.U: This variable holds the paths (space-separated) used to find local libraries. It is prepended to libpth, and is intended to be easily set from the command line. "longdblinfbytes" From infnan.U: This variable contains comma-separated list of hexadecimal bytes for the long double precision infinity. "longdblkind" From d_longdbl.U: This variable, if defined, encodes the type of a long double: 0 = double, 1 = "IEEE" 754 128-bit little endian, 2 = "IEEE" 754 128-bit big endian, 3 = x86 80-bit little endian, 4 = x86 80-bit big endian, 5 = double-double 128-bit little endian, 6 = double- double 128-bit big endian, 7 = 128-bit mixed-endian double-double (64-bit LEs in "BE"), 8 = 128-bit mixed-endian double-double (64-bit BEs in "LE"), 9 = 128-bit "PDP"-style mixed-endian long doubles, -1 = unknown format. "longdblmantbits" From mantbits.U: This symbol, if defined, tells how many mantissa bits there are in long double precision floating point format. Note that this can be "LDBL_MANT_DIG" minus one, since "LDBL_MANT_DIG" can include the "IEEE" 754 implicit bit. The common x86-style 80-bit long double does not have an implicit bit. "longdblnanbytes" From infnan.U: This variable contains comma-separated list of hexadecimal bytes for the long double precision not-a-number. "longdblsize" From d_longdbl.U: This variable contains the value of the "LONG_DOUBLESIZE" symbol, which indicates to the C program how many bytes there are in a long double, if this system supports long doubles. Note that this is sizeof(long double), which may include unused bytes. "longlongsize" From d_longlong.U: This variable contains the value of the "LONGLONGSIZE" symbol, which indicates to the C program how many bytes there are in a long long, if this system supports long long. "longsize" From intsize.U: This variable contains the value of the "LONGSIZE" symbol, which indicates to the C program how many bytes there are in a long. "lp" From Loc.U: This variable is defined but not used by Configure. The value is the empty string and is not useful. "lpr" From Loc.U: This variable is defined but not used by Configure. The value is the empty string and is not useful. "ls" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the ls program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "ls" and is not useful. "lseeksize" From lseektype.U: This variable defines lseektype to be something like off_t, long, or whatever type is used to declare lseek offset's type in the kernel (which also appears to be lseek's return type). "lseektype" From lseektype.U: This variable defines lseektype to be something like off_t, long, or whatever type is used to declare lseek offset's type in the kernel (which also appears to be lseek's return type). m "mail" From Loc.U: This variable is defined but not used by Configure. The value is the empty string and is not useful. "mailx" From Loc.U: This variable is defined but not used by Configure. The value is the empty string and is not useful. "make" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the make program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "make" and is not useful. "make_set_make" From make.U: Some versions of "make" set the variable "MAKE". Others do not. This variable contains the string to be included in Makefile.SH so that "MAKE" is set if needed, and not if not needed. Possible values are: make_set_make="#" # If your make program handles this for you, make_set_make="MAKE=$make" # if it doesn't. This uses a comment character so that we can distinguish a "set" value (from a previous config.sh or Configure "-D" option) from an uncomputed value. "mallocobj" From mallocsrc.U: This variable contains the name of the malloc.o that this package generates, if that malloc.o is preferred over the system malloc. Otherwise the value is null. This variable is intended for generating Makefiles. See mallocsrc. "mallocsrc" From mallocsrc.U: This variable contains the name of the malloc.c that comes with the package, if that malloc.c is preferred over the system malloc. Otherwise the value is null. This variable is intended for generating Makefiles. "malloctype" From mallocsrc.U: This variable contains the kind of ptr returned by malloc and realloc. "man1dir" From man1dir.U: This variable contains the name of the directory in which manual source pages are to be put. It is the responsibility of the Makefile.SH to get the value of this into the proper command. You must be prepared to do the ~name expansion yourself. "man1direxp" From man1dir.U: This variable is the same as the man1dir variable, but is filename expanded at configuration time, for convenient use in makefiles. "man1ext" From man1dir.U: This variable contains the extension that the manual page should have: one of "n", "l", or 1. The Makefile must supply the .. See man1dir. "man3dir" From man3dir.U: This variable contains the name of the directory in which manual source pages are to be put. It is the responsibility of the Makefile.SH to get the value of this into the proper command. You must be prepared to do the ~name expansion yourself. "man3direxp" From man3dir.U: This variable is the same as the man3dir variable, but is filename expanded at configuration time, for convenient use in makefiles. "man3ext" From man3dir.U: This variable contains the extension that the manual page should have: one of "n", "l", or 3. The Makefile must supply the .. See man3dir. "mips_type" From usrinc.U: This variable holds the environment type for the mips system. Possible values are "BSD 4.3" and "System V". "mistrustnm" From Csym.U: This variable can be used to establish a fallthrough for the cases where nm fails to find a symbol. If usenm is false or usenm is true and mistrustnm is false, this variable has no effect. If usenm is true and mistrustnm is "compile", a test program will be compiled to try to find any symbol that can't be located via nm lookup. If mistrustnm is "run", the test program will be run as well as being compiled. "mkdir" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the mkdir program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "mkdir" and is not useful. "mmaptype" From d_mmap.U: This symbol contains the type of pointer returned by mmap() (and simultaneously the type of the first argument). It can be "void *" or "caddr_t". "modetype" From modetype.U: This variable defines modetype to be something like mode_t, int, unsigned short, or whatever type is used to declare file modes for system calls. "more" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the more program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "more" and is not useful. "multiarch" From multiarch.U: This variable conditionally defines the "MULTIARCH" symbol which signifies the presence of multiplatform files. This is normally set by hints files. "mv" From Loc.U: This variable is defined but not used by Configure. The value is the empty string and is not useful. "myarchname" From archname.U: This variable holds the architecture name computed by Configure in a previous run. It is not intended to be perused by any user and should never be set in a hint file. "mydomain" From myhostname.U: This variable contains the eventual value of the "MYDOMAIN" symbol, which is the domain of the host the program is going to run on. The domain must be appended to myhostname to form a complete host name. The dot comes with mydomain, and need not be supplied by the program. "myhostname" From myhostname.U: This variable contains the eventual value of the "MYHOSTNAME" symbol, which is the name of the host the program is going to run on. The domain is not kept with hostname, but must be gotten from mydomain. The dot comes with mydomain, and need not be supplied by the program. "myuname" From Oldconfig.U: The output of "uname -a" if available, otherwise the hostname. The whole thing is then lower-cased and slashes and single quotes are removed. n "n" From n.U: This variable contains the "-n" flag if that is what causes the echo command to suppress newline. Otherwise it is null. Correct usage is $echo $n "prompt for a question: $c". "need_va_copy" From need_va_copy.U: This symbol, if defined, indicates that the system stores the variable argument list datatype, va_list, in a format that cannot be copied by simple assignment, so that some other means must be used when copying is required. As such systems vary in their provision (or non-provision) of copying mechanisms, handy.h defines a platform- "independent" macro, Perl_va_copy(src, dst), to do the job. "netdb_hlen_type" From netdbtype.U: This variable holds the type used for the 2nd argument to gethostbyaddr(). Usually, this is int or size_t or unsigned. This is only useful if you have gethostbyaddr(), naturally. "netdb_host_type" From netdbtype.U: This variable holds the type used for the 1st argument to gethostbyaddr(). Usually, this is char * or void *, possibly with or without a const prefix. This is only useful if you have gethostbyaddr(), naturally. "netdb_name_type" From netdbtype.U: This variable holds the type used for the argument to gethostbyname(). Usually, this is char * or const char *. This is only useful if you have gethostbyname(), naturally. "netdb_net_type" From netdbtype.U: This variable holds the type used for the 1st argument to getnetbyaddr(). Usually, this is int or long. This is only useful if you have getnetbyaddr(), naturally. "nm" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the nm program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "nm" and is not useful. "nm_opt" From usenm.U: This variable holds the options that may be necessary for nm. "nm_so_opt" From usenm.U: This variable holds the options that may be necessary for nm to work on a shared library but that can not be used on an archive library. Currently, this is only used by Linux, where nm --dynamic is *required* to get symbols from an "ELF" library which has been stripped, but nm --dynamic is *fatal* on an archive library. Maybe Linux should just always set usenm=false. "nonxs_ext" From Extensions.U: This variable holds a list of all non-xs extensions built and installed by the package. By default, all non-xs extensions distributed will be built, with the exception of platform-specific extensions (currently only one "VMS" specific extension). "nroff" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the nroff program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "nroff" and is not useful. "nv_overflows_integers_at" From perlxv.U: This variable gives the largest integer value that NVs can hold as a constant floating point expression. If it could not be determined, it holds the value 0. "nv_preserves_uv_bits" From perlxv.U: This variable indicates how many of bits type uvtype a variable nvtype can preserve. "nveformat" From perlxvf.U: This variable contains the format string used for printing a Perl "NV" using %e-ish floating point format. "nvEUformat" From perlxvf.U: This variable contains the format string used for printing a Perl "NV" using %E-ish floating point format. "nvfformat" From perlxvf.U: This variable contains the format string used for printing a Perl "NV" using %f-ish floating point format. "nvFUformat" From perlxvf.U: This variable contains the format string used for printing a Perl "NV" using %F-ish floating point format. "nvgformat" From perlxvf.U: This variable contains the format string used for printing a Perl "NV" using %g-ish floating point format. "nvGUformat" From perlxvf.U: This variable contains the format string used for printing a Perl "NV" using %G-ish floating point format. "nvmantbits" From mantbits.U: This variable tells how many bits the mantissa of a Perl "NV" has, not including the possible implicit bit. "nvsize" From perlxv.U: This variable is the size of a Perl "NV" in bytes. Note that some floating point formats have unused bytes. "nvtype" From perlxv.U: This variable contains the C type used for Perl's "NV". o "o_nonblock" From nblock_io.U: This variable bears the symbol value to be used during open() or fcntl() to turn on non-blocking I/O for a file descriptor. If you wish to switch between blocking and non-blocking, you may try ioctl("FIOSNBIO") instead, but that is only supported by some devices. "obj_ext" From Unix.U: This is an old synonym for _o. "old_pthread_create_joinable" From d_pthrattrj.U: This variable defines the constant to use for creating joinable (aka undetached) pthreads. Unused if pthread.h defines "PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE". If used, possible values are "PTHREAD_CREATE_UNDETACHED" and "__UNDETACHED". "optimize" From ccflags.U: This variable contains any optimizer/debugger flag that should be used. It is up to the Makefile to use it. "orderlib" From orderlib.U: This variable is "true" if the components of libraries must be ordered (with `lorder $* | tsort`) before placing them in an archive. Set to "false" if ranlib or ar can generate random libraries. "osname" From Oldconfig.U: This variable contains the operating system name (e.g. sunos, solaris, hpux, etc.). It can be useful later on for setting defaults. Any spaces are replaced with underscores. It is set to a null string if we can't figure it out. "osvers" From Oldconfig.U: This variable contains the operating system version (e.g. 4.1.3, 5.2, etc.). It is primarily used for helping select an appropriate hints file, but might be useful elsewhere for setting defaults. It is set to '' if we can't figure it out. We try to be flexible about how much of the version number to keep, e.g. if 4.1.1, 4.1.2, and 4.1.3 are essentially the same for this package, hints files might just be os_4.0 or os_4.1, etc., not keeping separate files for each little release. "otherlibdirs" From otherlibdirs.U: This variable contains a colon-separated set of paths for the perl binary to search for additional library files or modules. These directories will be tacked to the end of @"INC". Perl will automatically search below each path for version- and architecture- specific directories. See inc_version_list for more details. A value of " " means "none" and is used to preserve this value for the next run through Configure. p "package" From package.U: This variable contains the name of the package being constructed. It is primarily intended for the use of later Configure units. "pager" From pager.U: This variable contains the name of the preferred pager on the system. Usual values are (the full pathnames of) more, less, pg, or cat. "passcat" From nis.U: This variable contains a command that produces the text of the /etc/passwd file. This is normally "cat /etc/passwd", but can be "ypcat passwd" when "NIS" is used. On some systems, such as os390, there may be no equivalent command, in which case this variable is unset. "patchlevel" From patchlevel.U: The patchlevel level of this package. The value of patchlevel comes from the patchlevel.h file. In a version number such as 5.6.1, this is the 6. In patchlevel.h, this is referred to as "PERL_VERSION". "path_sep" From Unix.U: This is an old synonym for p_ in Head.U, the character used to separate elements in the command shell search "PATH". "perl" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the perl program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "perl" and is not useful. "perl5" From perl5.U: This variable contains the full path (if any) to a previously installed perl5.005 or later suitable for running the script to determine inc_version_list. P "PERL_API_REVISION" From patchlevel.h: This number describes the earliest compatible "PERL_REVISION" of Perl ("compatibility" here being defined as sufficient binary/"API" compatibility to run "XS" code built with the older version). Normally this does not change across maintenance releases. Please read the comment in patchlevel.h. "PERL_API_SUBVERSION" From patchlevel.h: This number describes the earliest compatible "PERL_SUBVERSION" of Perl ("compatibility" here being defined as sufficient binary/"API" compatibility to run "XS" code built with the older version). Normally this does not change across maintenance releases. Please read the comment in patchlevel.h. "PERL_API_VERSION" From patchlevel.h: This number describes the earliest compatible "PERL_VERSION" of Perl ("compatibility" here being defined as sufficient binary/"API" compatibility to run "XS" code built with the older version). Normally this does not change across maintenance releases. Please read the comment in patchlevel.h. "PERL_CONFIG_SH" From Oldsyms.U: This is set to "true" in config.sh so that a shell script sourcing config.sh can tell if it has been sourced already. "PERL_PATCHLEVEL" From Oldsyms.U: This symbol reflects the patchlevel, if available. Will usually come from the .patch file, which is available when the perl source tree was fetched with rsync. "perl_patchlevel" From patchlevel.U: This is the Perl patch level, a numeric change identifier, as defined by whichever source code maintenance system is used to maintain the patches; currently Perforce. It does not correlate with the Perl version numbers or the maintenance versus development dichotomy except by also being increasing. "PERL_REVISION" From Oldsyms.U: In a Perl version number such as 5.6.2, this is the 5. This value is manually set in patchlevel.h "perl_static_inline" From d_static_inline.U: This variable defines the "PERL_STATIC_INLINE" symbol to the best- guess incantation to use for static inline functions. Possibilities include static inline (c99) static __inline__ (gcc -ansi) static __inline ("MSVC") static _inline (older "MSVC") static (c89 compilers) "PERL_SUBVERSION" From Oldsyms.U: In a Perl version number such as 5.6.2, this is the 2. Values greater than 50 represent potentially unstable development subversions. This value is manually set in patchlevel.h "PERL_VERSION" From Oldsyms.U: In a Perl version number such as 5.6.2, this is the 6. This value is manually set in patchlevel.h "perladmin" From perladmin.U: Electronic mail address of the perl5 administrator. "perllibs" From End.U: The list of libraries needed by Perl only (any libraries needed by extensions only will by dropped, if using dynamic loading). "perlpath" From perlpath.U: This variable contains the eventual value of the "PERLPATH" symbol, which contains the name of the perl interpreter to be used in shell scripts and in the "eval "exec"" idiom. This variable is not necessarily the pathname of the file containing the perl interpreter; you must append the executable extension (_exe) if it is not already present. Note that Perl code that runs during the Perl build process cannot reference this variable, as Perl may not have been installed, or even if installed, may be a different version of Perl. "pg" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the pg program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "pg" and is not useful. "phostname" From myhostname.U: This variable contains the eventual value of the "PHOSTNAME" symbol, which is a command that can be fed to popen() to get the host name. The program should probably not presume that the domain is or isn't there already. "pidtype" From pidtype.U: This variable defines "PIDTYPE" to be something like pid_t, int, ushort, or whatever type is used to declare process ids in the kernel. "plibpth" From libpth.U: Holds the private path used by Configure to find out the libraries. Its value is prepend to libpth. This variable takes care of special machines, like the mips. Usually, it should be empty. "pmake" From Loc.U: This variable is defined but not used by Configure. The value is the empty string and is not useful. "pr" From Loc.U: This variable is defined but not used by Configure. The value is the empty string and is not useful. "prefix" From prefix.U: This variable holds the name of the directory below which the user will install the package. Usually, this is /usr/local, and executables go in /usr/local/bin, library stuff in /usr/local/lib, man pages in /usr/local/man, etc. It is only used to set defaults for things in bin.U, mansrc.U, privlib.U, or scriptdir.U. "prefixexp" From prefix.U: This variable holds the full absolute path of the directory below which the user will install the package. Derived from prefix. "privlib" From privlib.U: This variable contains the eventual value of the "PRIVLIB" symbol, which is the name of the private library for this package. It may have a ~ on the front. It is up to the makefile to eventually create this directory while performing installation (with ~ substitution). "privlibexp" From privlib.U: This variable is the ~name expanded version of privlib, so that you may use it directly in Makefiles or shell scripts. "procselfexe" From d_procselfexe.U: If d_procselfexe is defined, $procselfexe is the filename of the symbolic link pointing to the absolute pathname of the executing program. "ptrsize" From ptrsize.U: This variable contains the value of the "PTRSIZE" symbol, which indicates to the C program how many bytes there are in a pointer. q "quadkind" From quadtype.U: This variable, if defined, encodes the type of a quad: 1 = int, 2 = long, 3 = long long, 4 = int64_t. "quadtype" From quadtype.U: This variable defines Quad_t to be something like long, int, long long, int64_t, or whatever type is used for 64-bit integers. r "randbits" From randfunc.U: Indicates how many bits are produced by the function used to generate normalized random numbers. "randfunc" From randfunc.U: Indicates the name of the random number function to use. Values include drand48, random, and rand. In C programs, the "Drand01" macro is defined to generate uniformly distributed random numbers over the range [0., 1.[ (see drand01 and nrand). "random_r_proto" From d_random_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of random_r. It is zero if d_random_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_random_r is defined. "randseedtype" From randfunc.U: Indicates the type of the argument of the seedfunc. "ranlib" From orderlib.U: This variable is set to the pathname of the ranlib program, if it is needed to generate random libraries. Set to ":" if ar can generate random libraries or if random libraries are not supported "rd_nodata" From nblock_io.U: This variable holds the return code from read() when no data is present. It should be -1, but some systems return 0 when "O_NDELAY" is used, which is a shame because you cannot make the difference between no data and an EOF.. Sigh! "readdir64_r_proto" From d_readdir64_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of readdir64_r. It is zero if d_readdir64_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_readdir64_r is defined. "readdir_r_proto" From d_readdir_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of readdir_r. It is zero if d_readdir_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_readdir_r is defined. "revision" From patchlevel.U: The value of revision comes from the patchlevel.h file. In a version number such as 5.6.1, this is the 5. In patchlevel.h, this is referred to as "PERL_REVISION". "rm" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the rm program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "rm" and is not useful. "rm_try" From Unix.U: This is a cleanup variable for try test programs. Internal Configure use only. "rmail" From Loc.U: This variable is defined but not used by Configure. The value is the empty string and is not useful. "run" From Cross.U: This variable contains the command used by Configure to copy and execute a cross-compiled executable in the target host. Useful and available only during Perl build. Empty string '' if not cross- compiling. "runnm" From usenm.U: This variable contains "true" or "false" depending whether the nm extraction should be performed or not, according to the value of usenm and the flags on the Configure command line. s "sched_yield" From d_pthread_y.U: This variable defines the way to yield the execution of the current thread. "scriptdir" From scriptdir.U: This variable holds the name of the directory in which the user wants to put publicly scripts for the package in question. It is either the same directory as for binaries, or a special one that can be mounted across different architectures, like /usr/share. Programs must be prepared to deal with ~name expansion. "scriptdirexp" From scriptdir.U: This variable is the same as scriptdir, but is filename expanded at configuration time, for programs not wanting to bother with it. "sed" From Loc.U: This variable is used internally by Configure to determine the full pathname (if any) of the sed program. After Configure runs, the value is reset to a plain "sed" and is not useful. "seedfunc" From randfunc.U: Indicates the random number generating seed function. Values include srand48, srandom, and srand. "selectminbits" From selectminbits.U: This variable holds the minimum number of bits operated by select. That is, if you do select(n, ...), how many bits at least will be cleared in the masks if some activity is detected. Usually this is either n or 32*ceil(n/32), especially many little-endians do the latter. This is only useful if you have select(), naturally. "selecttype" From selecttype.U: This variable holds the type used for the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th arguments to select. Usually, this is "fd_set *", if "HAS_FD_SET" is defined, and "int *" otherwise. This is only useful if you have select(), naturally. "sendmail" From Loc.U: This variable is defined but not used by Configure. The value is the empty string and is not useful. "setgrent_r_proto" From d_setgrent_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of setgrent_r. It is zero if d_setgrent_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_setgrent_r is defined. "sethostent_r_proto" From d_sethostent_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of sethostent_r. It is zero if d_sethostent_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_sethostent_r is defined. "setlocale_r_proto" From d_setlocale_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of setlocale_r. It is zero if d_setlocale_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_setlocale_r is defined. "setnetent_r_proto" From d_setnetent_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of setnetent_r. It is zero if d_setnetent_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_setnetent_r is defined. "setprotoent_r_proto" From d_setprotoent_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of setprotoent_r. It is zero if d_setprotoent_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_setprotoent_r is defined. "setpwent_r_proto" From d_setpwent_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of setpwent_r. It is zero if d_setpwent_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_setpwent_r is defined. "setservent_r_proto" From d_setservent_r.U: This variable encodes the prototype of setservent_r. It is zero if d_setservent_r is undef, and one of the "REENTRANT_PROTO_T_ABC" macros of reentr.h if d_setservent_r is defined. "sGMTIME_max" From time_size.U: This variable defines the maximum value of the time_t offset that the system function gmtime () accepts "sGMTIME_min" From time_size.U: This variable defines the minimum value of the time_t offset that the system function gmtime () accepts "sh" From sh.U: This variable contains the full pathname of the shell used on this system to execute Bourne shell scripts. Usually, this will be /bin/sh, though it's possible that some systems will have /bin/ksh, /bin/pdksh, /bin/ash, /bin/bash, or even something such as D:/bin/sh.exe. This unit comes before Options.U, so you can't set sh with a "-D" option, though you can override this (and startsh) with "-O -Dsh=/bin/whatever -Dstartsh=whatever" "shar" From Loc.U: This variable is defined but not used by Configure. The value is the empty string and is not useful. "sharpbang" From spitshell.U: This variable contains the string #! if this system supports that construct. "shmattype" From d_shmat.U: This symbol contains the type of pointer returned by shmat(). It can be "void *" or "char *". "shortsize" From intsize.U: This variable contains the value of the "SHORTSIZE" symbol which indicates to the C program how many bytes there are in a short. "shrpenv" From libperl.U: If the user builds a shared libperl.so, then we need to tell the "perl" executable where it will be able to find the installed libperl.so. One way to do this on some systems is to set the environment variable "LD_RUN_PATH" to the directory that will be the final location of the shared libperl.so. The makefile can use this with something like $shrpenv $("CC") -o perl perlmain.o $libperl $libs Typical values are shrpenv="env "LD_RUN_PATH"=$archlibexp/"CORE"" or shrpenv='' See the main perl Makefile.SH for actual working usage. Alternatively, we might be able to use a command line option such as -R $archlibexp/"CORE" (Solaris) or -Wl,-rpath $archlibexp/"CORE" (Linux). "shsharp" From spitshell.U: This variable tells further Configure units whether your sh can handle # comments. "sig_count" From sig_name.U: This variable holds a number larger than the largest valid signal number. This is usually the same as the "NSIG" macro. "sig_name" From sig_name.U: This variable holds the signal names, space separated. The leading "SIG" in signal name is removed. A "ZERO" is prepended to the list. This is currently not used, sig_name_init is used instead. "sig_name_init" From sig_name.U: This variable holds the signal names, enclosed in double quotes and separated by commas, suitable for use in the "SIG_NAME" definition below. A "ZERO" is prepended to the list, and the list is terminated with a plain 0. The leading "SIG" in signal names is removed. See sig_num. "sig_num" From sig_name.U: This variable holds the signal numbers, space separated. A "ZERO" is prepended to the list (corresponding to the fake "SIGZERO"). Those numbers correspond to the value of the signal listed in the same place within the sig_name list. This is currently not used, sig_num_init is used instead. "sig_num_init" From sig_name.U: This variable holds the signal numbers, enclosed in double quotes and separated by commas, suitable for use in the "SIG_NUM" definition below. A "ZERO" is prepended to the list, and the list is terminated with a plain 0. "sig_size" From sig_name.U: This variable contains the number of elements of the sig_name and sig_num arrays. "signal_t" From d_voidsig.U: This variable holds the type of the signal handler (void or int). "sitearch" From sitearch.U: This variable contains the eventual value of the "SITEARCH" symbol, which is the name of the private library for this package. It may have a ~ on the front. It is up to the makefile to eventually create this directory while performing installation (with ~ substitution). The standard distribution will put nothing in this directory. After perl has been installed, users may install their own local architecture-dependent modules in this directory with MakeMaker Makefile.PL or equivalent. See "INSTALL" for details. "sitearchexp" From sitearch.U: This variable is the ~name expanded version of sitearch, so that you may use it directly in Makefiles or shell scripts. "sitebin" From sitebin.U: This variable holds the name of the directory in which the user wants to put add-on publicly executable files for the package in question. It is most often a local directory such as /usr/local/bin. Programs using this variable must be prepared to deal with ~name substitution. The standard distribution will put nothing in this directory. After perl has been installed, users may install their own local executables in this directory with MakeMaker Makefile.PL or equivalent. See "INSTALL" for details. "sitebinexp" From sitebin.U: This is the same as the sitebin variable, but is filename expanded at configuration time, for use in your makefiles. "sitehtml1dir" From sitehtml1dir.U: This variable contains the name of the directory in which site- specific html source pages are to be put. It is the responsibility of the Makefile.SH to get the value of this into the proper command. You must be prepared to do the ~name expansion yourself. The standard distribution will put nothing in this directory. After perl has been installed, users may install their own local html pages in this directory with MakeMaker Makefile.PL or equivalent. See "INSTALL" for details. "sitehtml1direxp" From sitehtml1dir.U: This variable is the same as the sitehtml1dir variable, but is filename expanded at configuration time, for convenient use in makefiles. "sitehtml3dir" From sitehtml3dir.U: This variable contains the name of the directory in which site- specific library html source pages are to be put. It is the responsibility of the Makefile.SH to get the value of this into the proper command. You must be prepared to do the ~name expansion yourself. The standard distribution will put nothing in this directory. After perl has been installed, users may install their own local library html pages in this directory with MakeMaker Makefile.PL or equivalent. See "INSTALL" for details. "sitehtml3direxp" From sitehtml3dir.U: This variable is the same as the sitehtml3dir variable, but is filename expanded at configuration time, for convenient use in makefiles. "sitelib" From sitelib.U: This variable contains the eventual value of the "SITELIB" symbol, which is the name of the private library for this package. It may have a ~ on the front. It is up to the makefile to eventually create this directory while performing installation (with ~ substitution). The standard distribution will put nothing in this directory.

πŸ“š GLOSSARY

πŸ”€ t

πŸ”€ u

πŸ”€ v

πŸ”€ x

πŸ”€ y

πŸ”€ z

πŸ™ GIT DATA

πŸ“‹ Information on the git commit from which the current perl binary was compiled can be found in the variable $Config::Git_Data. The variable is a structured string that looks something like this:

git_commit_id='ea0c2dbd5f5ac6845ecc7ec6696415bf8e27bd52'
git_describe='GitLive-blead-1076-gea0c2db'
git_branch='smartmatch'
git_uncommitted_changes=''
git_commit_id_title='Commit id:'
git_commit_date='2009-05-09 17:47:31 +0200'

⚠️ Its format is not guaranteed not to change over time.

πŸ“ NOTE

This module πŸ“¦ contains a good example of how to use tie πŸ”— to implement a cache πŸ’Ύ and an example of how to make a tied variable readonly πŸ”’ to those outside of it.

🐧 perl v5.34.0 2026-06-23 Config(3perl)

πŸ”’ CONFIG(5SSL) OpenSSL CONFIG(5SSL)

πŸ“„ NAME

config - OpenSSL CONF library configuration files

πŸ“– DESCRIPTION

This page documents the syntax of OpenSSL configuration files, as parsed by NCONF_load(3) and related functions. This format is used by many of the OpenSSL commands, and to initialize the libraries when used by any application.

The first part describes the general syntax of the configuration files, and subsequent sections describe the semantics of individual modules. Other modules are described in fips_config(5) and x509v3_config(5). The syntax for defining ASN.1 values is described in ASN1_generate_nconf(3).

The user wants me to enhance the SYNTAX section of the OpenSSL config man page with emojis while preserving the structure. Let me carefully transform this. Key rules: - Start with

for the section (the original uses SYNTAX which I'll convert) - No

- Code blocks in

- Don't put links inside 

- Preserve original  tags outside code blocks
- Escape bare < and >
- Keep structure intact

Let me identify code snippets:
- `.include [=] pathname`
- `.pragma [=] abspath:value`
- `.pragma [=] dollarid:value`
- `.pragma [=] includedir:value`
- The section example with `[ section ]`, `name1 = This is value1`, etc.
- `1.OU = First OU`, `2.OU = Second OU`

There's a link: `openssl-req(1)` - I'll preserve this.

Let me also add a πŸš€ Quick Reference table at the top since this is part 13 of 20. Wait, looking at the instructions again: "ALWAYS create a 

πŸš€ Quick Reference

section as the second section (right after NAME)." But this is ONLY the SYNTAX section, not the full document. So I should NOT add a Quick Reference here - that would be a new section. Let me re-read... "Transform this man page HTML into an emoji-enhanced version" - but it also says "You are enhancing PART 13 of 20 of the man page for 'CONFIG'. Section heading: SYNTAX. Only enhance THIS section." So I should only output the enhanced SYNTAX section, not add new sections like Quick Reference. The Quick Reference rule applies to full documents, not individual sections. Let me structure this:

πŸ“ SYNTAX

Then proceed with the original content, adding emoji prefixes where appropriate. The original structure has subsections like "Directives" and "Settings" - these should become

. Let me draft this carefully:

πŸ“ SYNTAX

A configuration file is a series of lines. Blank lines, and whitespace between the elements of a line, have no significance. A comment starts with a # character; the rest of the line is ignored. If the # is the first non-space character in a line, the entire line is ignored.

🎯 Directives

Two directives can be used to control the parsing of configuration files: .include and .pragma.

For compatibility with older versions of OpenSSL, an equal sign after the directive will be ignored. Older versions will treat it as an assignment, so care should be taken if the difference in semantics is important.

A file can include other files using the include syntax:

.include [=] pathname

If pathname is a simple filename, that file is included directly at that point. Included files can have .include statements that specify other files. If pathname is a directory, all files within that directory that have a ".cnf" or ".conf" extension will be included. (This is only available on systems with POSIX IO support.) Any sub-directories found inside the pathname are ignored. Similarly, if a file is opened while scanning a directory, and that file has an .include directive that specifies a directory, that is also ignored.

As a general rule, the pathname should be an absolute path; this can be enforced with the abspath and includedir pragmas, described below. The environment variable OPENSSL_CONF_INCLUDE, if it exists, is prepended to all relative pathnames. If the pathname is still relative, it is interpreted based on the current working directory.

To require all file inclusions to name absolute paths, use the following directive:

.pragma [=] abspath:value

The default behavior, where the value is false or off, is to allow relative paths. To require all .include pathnames to be absolute paths, use a value of true or on.

In these files, the dollar sign, $, is used to reference a variable, as described below. On some platforms, however, it is common to treat $ as a regular character in symbol names. Supporting this behavior can be done with the following directive:

.pragma [=] dollarid:value

The default behavior, where the value is false or off, is to treat the dollarsign as indicating a variable name; "foo$bar" is interpreted as "foo" followed by the expansion of the variable "bar". If value is true or on, then "foo$bar" is a single seven-character name nad variable expansions must be specified using braces or parentheses.

.pragma [=] includedir:value

If a relative pathname is specified in the .include directive, and the OPENSSL_CONF_INCLUDE environment variable doesn't exist, then the value of the includedir pragma, if it exists, is prepended to the pathname.

βš™οΈ Settings

A configuration file is divided into a number of sections. A section begins with the section name in square brackets, and ends when a new section starts, or at the end of the file. The section name can consist of alphanumeric characters and underscores. Whitespace between the name and the brackets is removed.

The first section of a configuration file is special and is referred to as the default section. This section is usually unnamed and spans from the start of file until the first named section. When a name is being looked up, it is first looked up in the current or named section, and then the default section if necessary.

The environment is mapped onto a section called ENV.

Within a section are a series of name/value assignments, described in more detail below. As a reminder, the square brackets shown in this example are required, not optional:

[ section ]
name1 = This is value1
name2 = Another value
...
[ newsection ]
name1 = New value1
name3 = Value 3

The name can contain any alphanumeric characters as well as a few punctuation symbols such as . , ; and _. Whitespace after the name and before the equal sign is ignored.

If a name is repeated in the same section, then all but the last value are ignored. In certain circumstances, such as with Certificate DNs, the same field may occur multiple times. In order to support this, commands like openssl-req(1) ignore any leading text that is preceded with a period. For example:

1.OU = First OU
2.OU = Second OU

The value consists of the string following the = character until end of line with any leading and trailing whitespace removed.

The value string undergoes variable expansion. The text $var or ${var} inserts the value of the named variable from the current section. To use a value from another section use $section::name or ${section::name}. By using $ENV::name, the value of the specified environment variable will be substituted.

Variables must be defined before their value is referenced, otherwise an error is flagged and the file will not load. This can be worked around by specifying a default value in the default section before the variable is used.

Any name/value settings in an ENV section are available to the configuration file, but are not propagated to the environment.

It is an error if the value ends up longer than 64k.

It is possible to escape certain characters by using a single ' or double " quote around the value, or using a backslash \ before the character, By making the last character of a line a \ a value string can be spread across multiple lines. In addition the sequences \n, \r, \b and \t are recognized.

The expansion and escape rules as described above that apply to value also apply to the pathname of the .include directive.

Let me check for bare < or > - I don't think there are any. The link is properly formatted. Let me verify my output is valid HTML. Also, I should not add emoji inside code blocks. The code blocks contain the literal config syntax. Good. Let me also add a couple more contextual emojis in the prose where appropriate, like variable expansion mentions. Actually, I think the level of emoji is fine. Let me finalize.

πŸ“ SYNTAX

A configuration file is a series of lines. Blank lines, and whitespace between the elements of a line, have no significance. A comment starts with a # character; the rest of the line is ignored. If the # is the first non-space character in a line, the entire line is ignored.

🎯 Directives

Two directives can be used to control the parsing of configuration files: .include and .pragma.

For compatibility with older versions of OpenSSL, an equal sign after the directive will be ignored. Older versions will treat it as an assignment, so care should be taken if the difference in semantics is important.

A file can include other files using the include syntax:

.include [=] pathname

If pathname is a simple filename, that file is included directly at that point. Included files can have .include statements that specify other files. If pathname is a directory, all files within that directory that have a ".cnf" or ".conf" extension will be included. (This is only available on systems with POSIX IO support.) Any sub-directories found inside the pathname are ignored. Similarly, if a file is opened while scanning a directory, and that file has an .include directive that specifies a directory, that is also ignored.

As a general rule, the pathname should be an absolute path; this can be enforced with the abspath and includedir pragmas, described below. The environment variable OPENSSL_CONF_INCLUDE, if it exists, is prepended to all relative pathnames. If the pathname is still relative, it is interpreted based on the current working directory.

To require all file inclusions to name absolute paths, use the following directive:

.pragma [=] abspath:value

The default behavior, where the value is false or off, is to allow relative paths. To require all .include pathnames to be absolute paths, use a value of true or on.

In these files, the dollar sign, $, is used to reference a variable, as described below. On some platforms, however, it is common to treat $ as a regular character in symbol names. Supporting this behavior can be done with the following directive:

.pragma [=] dollarid:value

The default behavior, where the value is false or off, is to treat the dollarsign as indicating a variable name; "foo$bar" is interpreted as "foo" followed by the expansion of the variable "bar". If value is true or on, then "foo$bar" is a single seven-character name nad variable expansions must be specified using braces or parentheses.

.pragma [=] includedir:value

If a relative pathname is specified in the .include directive, and the OPENSSL_CONF_INCLUDE environment variable doesn't exist, then the value of the includedir pragma, if it exists, is prepended to the pathname.

βš™οΈ Settings

A configuration file is divided into a number of sections. A section begins with the section name in square brackets, and ends when a new section starts, or at the end of the file. The section name can consist of alphanumeric characters and underscores. Whitespace between the name and the brackets is removed.

The first section of a configuration file is special and is referred to as the default section. This section is usually unnamed and spans from the start of file until the first named section. When a name is being looked up, it is first looked up in the current or named section, and then the default section if necessary.

The environment is mapped onto a section called ENV.

Within a section are a series of name/value assignments, described in more detail below. As a reminder, the square brackets shown in this example are required, not optional:

[ section ]
name1 = This is value1
name2 = Another value
...
[ newsection ]
name1 = New value1
name3 = Value 3

The name can contain any alphanumeric characters as well as a few punctuation symbols such as . , ; and _. Whitespace after the name and before the equal sign is ignored.

If a name is repeated in the same section, then all but the last value are ignored. In certain circumstances, such as with Certificate DNs, the same field may occur multiple times. In order to support this, commands like openssl-req(1) ignore any leading text that is preceded with a period. For example:

1.OU = First OU
2.OU = Second OU

The value consists of the string following the = character until end of line with any leading and trailing whitespace removed.

πŸ”„ The value string undergoes variable expansion. The text $var or ${var} inserts the value of the named variable from the current section. To use a value from another section use $section::name or ${section::name}. By using $ENV::name, the value of the specified environment variable will be substituted.

Variables must be defined before their value is referenced, otherwise an error is flagged and the file will not load. This can be worked around by specifying a default value in the default section before the variable is used.

Any name/value settings in an ENV section are available to the configuration file, but are not propagated to the environment.

It is an error if the value ends up longer than 64k.

πŸ”£ It is possible to escape certain characters by using a single ' or double " quote around the value, or using a backslash \ before the character, By making the last character of a line a \ a value string can be spread across multiple lines. In addition the sequences \n, \r, \b and \t are recognized.

The expansion and escape rules as described above that apply to value also apply to the pathname of the .include directive.

πŸ”§ OPENSSL LIBRARY CONFIGURATION

The sections below use the informal term module to refer to a part of the OpenSSL functionality. This is not the same as the formal term FIPS module, for example.

The OpenSSL configuration looks up the value of openssl_conf in the default section and takes that as the name of a section that specifies how to configure any modules in the library. It is not an error to leave any module in its default configuration. An application can specify a different name by calling CONF_modules_load_file(), for example, directly.

OpenSSL also looks up the value of config_diagnostics. If this exists and has a nonzero numeric value, any error suppressing flags passed to CONF_modules_load() will be ignored. This is useful for diagnosing misconfigurations but its use in production requires additional consideration. With this option enabled, a configuration error will completely prevent access to a service. Without this option and in the presence of a configuration error, access will be allowed but the desired configuration will not be used.

# These must be in the default section
config_diagnostics = 1
openssl_conf = openssl_init

[openssl_init]
oid_section = oids
providers = providers
alg_section = evp_properties
ssl_conf = ssl_configuration
engines = engines
random = random

[oids]
... new oids here ...

[providers]
... provider stuff here ...

[evp_properties]
... EVP properties here ...

[ssl_configuration]
... SSL/TLS configuration properties here ...

[engines]
... engine properties here ...

[random]
... random properties here ...

The semantics of each module are described below. The phrase "in the initialization section" refers to the section identified by the openssl_conf or other name (given as openssl_init in the example above). The examples below assume the configuration above is used to specify the individual sections.

πŸ”‘ ASN.1 Object Identifier Configuration

The name oid_section in the initialization section names the section containing name/value pairs of OID's. The name is the short name; the value is an optional long name followed by a comma, and the numeric value. While some OpenSSL commands have their own section for specifying OID's, this section makes them available to all commands and applications.

[oids]
shortName = a very long OID name, 1.2.3.4
newoid1 = 1.2.3.4.1
some_other_oid = 1.2.3.5

If a full configuration with the above fragment is in the file example.cnf, then the following command line:

OPENSSL_CONF=example.cnf openssl asn1parse -genstr OID:1.2.3.4.1

will output:

0:d=0  hl=2 l=   4 prim: OBJECT            :newoid1

showing that the OID "newoid1" has been added as "1.2.3.4.1".

🏭 Provider Configuration

The name providers in the initialization section names the section containing cryptographic provider configuration. The name/value assignments in this section each name a provider, and point to the configuration section for that provider. The provider-specific section is used to specify how to load the module, activate it, and set other parameters.

Within a provider section, the following names have meaning:

  • identity πŸ†” β€” This is used to specify an alternate name, overriding the default name specified in the list of providers. For example:
    [providers]
    foo = foo_provider
    
    [foo_provider]
    identity = my_fips_module
    
  • module πŸ“ β€” Specifies the pathname of the module (typically a shared library) to load.
  • activate βœ… β€” If present, the module is activated. The value assigned to this name is not significant.

All parameters in the section as well as sub-sections are made available to the provider.

Default provider and its activation

If no providers are activated explicitly, the default one is activated implicitly. See OSSL_PROVIDER-default(7) for more details.

If you add a section explicitly activating any other provider(s), you most probably need to explicitly activate the default provider, otherwise it becomes unavailable in openssl. It may make the system remotely unavailable.

βš™οΈ EVP Configuration

The name alg_section in the initialization section names the section containing algorithmic properties when using the EVP API.

Within the algorithm properties section, the following names have meaning:

  • default_properties πŸ“‹ β€” The value may be anything that is acceptable as a property query string for EVP_set_default_properties().
  • fips_mode (deprecated) ⚠️ β€” The value is a boolean that can be yes or no. If the value is yes, this is exactly equivalent to:
    default_properties = fips=yes
    
    If the value is no, nothing happens. Using this name is deprecated, and if used, it must be the only name in the section.

πŸ”’ SSL Configuration

The name ssl_conf in the initialization section names the section containing the list of SSL/TLS configurations. As with the providers, each name in this section identifies a section with the configuration for that name. For example:

[ssl_configuration]
server = server_tls_config
client = client_tls_config
system_default = tls_system_default

[server_tls_config]
... configuration for SSL/TLS servers ...

[client_tls_config]
... configuration for SSL/TLS clients ...

The configuration name system_default has a special meaning. If it exists, it is applied whenever an SSL_CTX object is created. For example, to impose system-wide minimum TLS and DTLS protocol versions:

[tls_system_default]
MinProtocol = TLSv1.2
MinProtocol = DTLSv1.2

The minimum TLS protocol is applied to SSL_CTX objects that are TLS-based, and the minimum DTLS protocol to those are DTLS-based. The same applies also to maximum versions set with MaxProtocol.

Each configuration section consists of name/value pairs that are parsed by SSL_CONF_cmd(3), which will be called by SSL_CTX_config() or SSL_config(), appropriately. Note that any characters before an initial dot in the configuration section are ignored, so that the same command can be used multiple times. This probably is most useful for loading different key types, as shown here:

[server_tls_config]
RSA.Certificate = server-rsa.pem
ECDSA.Certificate = server-ecdsa.pem

πŸ”§ Engine Configuration

The name engines in the initialization section names the section containing the list of ENGINE configurations. As with the providers, each name in this section identifies an engine with the configuration for that engine. The engine-specific section is used to specify how to load the engine, activate it, and set other parameters.

Within an engine section, the following names have meaning:

  • engine_id πŸ†” β€” This is used to specify an alternate name, overriding the default name specified in the list of engines. If present, it must be first. For example:
    [engines]
    foo = foo_engine
    
    [foo_engine]
    engine_id = myfoo
    
  • dynamic_path πŸ“ β€” This loads and adds an ENGINE from the given path. It is equivalent to sending the ctrls SO_PATH with the path argument followed by LIST_ADD with value 2 and LOAD to the dynamic ENGINE. If this is not the required behaviour then alternative ctrls can be sent directly to the dynamic ENGINE using ctrl commands.
  • init πŸš€ β€” This specifies whether to initialize the ENGINE. If the value is 0 the ENGINE will not be initialized, if the value is 1 an attempt is made to initialize the ENGINE immediately. If the init command is not present then an attempt will be made to initialize the ENGINE after all commands in its section have been processed.
  • default_algorithms 🎯 β€” This sets the default algorithms an ENGINE will supply using the function ENGINE_set_default_string().

All other names are taken to be the name of a ctrl command that is sent to the ENGINE, and the value is the argument passed with the command. The special value EMPTY means no value is sent with the command. For example:

[engines]
foo = foo_engine

[foo_engine]
dynamic_path = /some/path/fooengine.so
some_ctrl = some_value
default_algorithms = ALL
other_ctrl = EMPTY

🎲 Random Configuration

The name random in the initialization section names the section containing the random number generator settings.

Within the random section, the following names have meaning:

  • random 🎲 β€” This is used to specify the random bit generator. For example:
    [random]
    random = CTR-DRBG
    
    The available random bit generators are:
    • CTR-DRBG
    • HASH-DRBG
    • HMAC-DRBG
  • cipher πŸ” β€” This specifies what cipher a CTR-DRBG random bit generator will use. Other random bit generators ignore this name. The default value is AES-256-CTR.
  • digest πŸ”„ β€” This specifies what digest the HASH-DRBG or HMAC-DRBG random bit generators will use. Other random bit generators ignore this name.
  • properties 🏷️ β€” This sets the property query used when fetching the random bit generator and any underlying algorithms.
  • seed 🌱 β€” This sets the randomness source that should be used. By default SEED-SRC will be used outside of the FIPS provider. The FIPS provider uses call backs to access the same randomness sources from outside the validated boundary.
  • seed_properties 🏷️ β€” This sets the property query used when fetching the randomness source.
EXAMPLES This example shows how to use quoting and escaping. # This is the default section. HOME = /temp configdir = $ENV::HOME/config [ section_one ] # Quotes permit leading and trailing whitespace any = " any variable name " other = A string that can \ cover several lines \ by including \\ characters message = Hello World\n [ section_two ] greeting = $section_one::message This example shows how to expand environment variables safely. In this example, the variable tempfile is intended to refer to a temporary file, and the environment variable TEMP or TMP, if present, specify the directory where the file should be put. Since the default section is checked if a variable does not exist, it is possible to set TMP to default to /tmp, and TEMP to default to TMP. # These two lines must be in the default section. TMP = /tmp TEMP = $ENV::TMP # This can be used anywhere tmpfile = ${ENV::TEMP}/tmp.filename This example shows how to enforce FIPS mode for the application sample. sample = fips_config [fips_config] alg_section = evp_properties [evp_properties] default_properties = "fips=yes"

🌍 ENVIRONMENT

  • OPENSSL_CONF β€” 🌐 The path to the config file, or the empty string for none. 🚫 Ignored in set-user-ID and set-group-ID programs.
  • OPENSSL_ENGINES β€” 🌐 The path to the engines directory. 🚫 Ignored in set-user-ID and set-group-ID programs.
  • OPENSSL_MODULES β€” 🌐 The path to the directory with OpenSSL modules, such as providers. 🚫 Ignored in set-user-ID and set-group-ID programs.
  • OPENSSL_CONF_INCLUDE β€” 🌐 The optional path to prepend to all .include paths.

πŸ› BUGS

  • πŸ› There is no way to include characters using the octal \nnn form.
  • πŸ› Strings are all null terminated so nulls cannot form part of the value.
  • πŸ› The escaping isn't quite right: if you want to use sequences like \n you can't use any quote escaping on the same line. The limit that only one directory can be opened and read at a time can be considered a bug and should be fixed.
HISTORY An undocumented API, NCONF_WIN32(), used a slightly different set of parsing rules there were intended to be tailored to the Microsoft Windows platform. Specifically, the backslash character was not an escape character and could be used in pathnames, only the double-quote character was recognized, and comments began with a semi-colon. This function was deprecated in OpenSSL 3.0; applications with configuration files using that syntax will have to be modified. The user wants me to enhance the "SEE ALSO" section of a man page for 'CONFIG'. I need to: 1. Use

with an emoji prefix (since the original uses SEE ALSO) 2. Preserve all the original links 3. Keep the structure intact 4. Output only the enhanced HTML fragment Let me create an emoji-enhanced version of this SEE ALSO section. I'll add appropriate emojis to make it more scannable, while preserving all the original links. Since this is a cross-reference list, I'll group them by category if possible, or just add a relevant emoji to the heading and maybe add a brief intro. Looking at the references: - openssl-x509(1), openssl-req(1), openssl-ca(1), openssl-fipsinstall(1) - OpenSSL commands - ASN1_generate_nconf(3), EVP_set_default_properties(3), CONF_modules_load(3), CONF_modules_load_file(3) - Library functions - fips_config(5), x509v3_config(5) - Configuration file formats I could group them but the instructions say to preserve structure. Let me just add a heading emoji and keep the content as-is, perhaps with a brief intro note. Actually, looking more carefully, I should keep the original structure intact. The original is just a paragraph with links. I'll convert it to an h2 with emoji and keep the links intact. Let me provide the enhanced version:

πŸ”— SEE ALSO

πŸ“š Related manual pages and documentation references for OpenSSL configuration:

openssl-x509(1), openssl-req(1), openssl-ca(1), openssl-fipsinstall(1), ASN1_generate_nconf(3), EVP_set_default_properties(3), CONF_modules_load(3), CONF_modules_load_file(3), fips_config(5), and x509v3_config(5).

πŸ“œ COPYRIGHT

Copyright 2000-2021 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.

Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at <https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.

3.0.2 2026-06-02 CONFIG(5SSL)

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