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Under GNU General Public License
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LS(1) User Commands LS(1)
NAME
ls - list directory contents
SYNOPSIS
ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...
DESCRIPTION
List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default). Sort entries
alphabetically if none of -cftuSUX nor --sort.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-a, --all
do not hide entries starting with .
-A, --almost-all
do not list implied . and ..
--author
print the author of each file
-b, --escape
print octal escapes for nongraphic characters
--block-size=SIZE
use SIZE-byte blocks
-B, --ignore-backups
do not list implied entries ending with ~
-c with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last modification of file status
information) with -l: show ctime and sort by name otherwise: sort by ctime
-C list entries by columns
--color[=WHEN]
control whether color is used to distinguish file types. WHEN may be
'never', 'always', or 'auto'
-d, --directory
list directory entries instead of contents, and do not dereference symbolic
links
-D, --dired
generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode
-f do not sort, enable -aU, disable -lst
-F, --classify
append indicator (one of */=@|) to entries
--format=WORD
across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l, single-column -1, verbose -l,
vertical -C
--full-time
like -l --time-style=full-iso
-g like -l, but do not list owner
-G, --no-group
inhibit display of group information
-h, --human-readable
print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
--si likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
-H, --dereference-command-line
follow symbolic links listed on the command line
--dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir
follow each command line symbolic link
that points to a directory
--indicator-style=WORD append indicator with style WORD to entry names:
none (default), classify (-F), file-type (-p)
-i, --inode
print index number of each file
-I, --ignore=PATTERN
do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN
-k like --block-size=1K
-l use a long listing format
-L, --dereference
when showing file information for a symbolic link, show information for the
file the link references rather than for the link itself
-m fill width with a comma separated list of entries
-n, --numeric-uid-gid
like -l, but list numeric UIDs and GIDs
-N, --literal
print raw entry names (don't treat e.g. control characters specially)
-o like -l, but do not list group information
-p, --file-type
append indicator (one of /=@|) to entries
-q, --hide-control-chars
print ? instead of non graphic characters
--show-control-chars
show non graphic characters as-is (default unless program is 'ls' and output
is a terminal)
-Q, --quote-name
enclose entry names in double quotes
--quoting-style=WORD
use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal, locale, shell, shell-
always, c, escape
-r, --reverse
reverse order while sorting
-R, --recursive
list subdirectories recursively
-s, --size
print size of each file, in blocks
-S sort by file size
--sort=WORD
extension -X, none -U, size -S, time -t, version -v
status -c, time -t, atime -u, access -u, use -u
--time=WORD
show time as WORD instead of modification time: atime, access, use, ctime or
status; use specified time as sort key if --sort=time
--time-style=STYLE
show times using style STYLE: full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, +FORMAT
FORMAT is interpreted like 'date'; if FORMAT is FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2,
FORMAT1 applies to non-recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files; if STYLE is
prefixed with 'posix-', STYLE takes effect only outside the POSIX locale
-t sort by modification time
-T, --tabsize=COLS
assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8
-u with -lt: sort by, and show, access time with -l: show access time and sort
by name otherwise: sort by access time
-U do not sort; list entries in directory order
-v sort by version
-w, --width=COLS
assume screen width instead of current value
-x list entries by lines instead of by columns
-X sort alphabetically by entry extension
-1 list one file per line
SELinux options:
--lcontext
Display security context. Enable -l. Lines will probably be too wide for
most displays.
-Z, --context
Display security context so it fits on most displays. Displays only mode,
user, group, security context and file name.
--scontext
Display only security context and file name.
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following: kB
1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.
By default, color is not used to distinguish types of files. That is equivalent to
using --color=none. Using the --color option without the optional WHEN argument is
equivalent to using --color=always. With --color=auto, color codes are output only
if standard output is connected to a terminal (tty).
AUTHOR
Written by Richard Stallman and David MacKenzie.
REPORTING BUGS
Report bugs to <bug-coreutils AT gnu.org>.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO war-
ranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
SEE ALSO
The full documentation for ls is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and
ls programs are properly installed at your site, the command
info coreutils ls
should give you access to the complete manual.
ls (coreutils) 5.2.1 March 2004 LS(1)
Generated by $Id: phpMan.php,v 4.55 2007/09/05 04:42:51 chedong Exp $ Author: Che Dong
On Apache/1.3.41 (Unix) PHP/5.2.5 mod_perl/1.30 mod_gzip/1.3.26.1a
Under GNU General Public License
2008-07-24 18:27 @38.103.63.16 CrawledBy CCBot/1.0 (+http://www.commoncrawl.org/bot.html)