# phpman > perldoc > Template::Plugin::File

## NAME
    [Template::Plugin::File](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Template%3A%3APlugin%3A%3AFile/markdown) - Plugin providing information about files

## SYNOPSIS
        [% USE File(filepath) %]
        [% File.path %]         # full path
        [% File.name %]         # filename
        [% File.dir %]          # directory

## DESCRIPTION
    This plugin provides an abstraction of a file. It can be used to fetch details about files from
    the file system, or to represent abstract files (e.g. when creating an index page) that may or
    may not exist on a file system.

    A file name or path should be specified as a constructor argument. e.g.

        [% USE File('foo.html') %]
        [% USE File('foo/bar/baz.html') %]
        [% USE File('/foo/bar/baz.html') %]

    The file should exist on the current file system (unless "nostat" option set, see below) as an
    absolute file when specified with as leading '"/"' as per '"/foo/bar/baz.html"', or otherwise as
    one relative to the current working directory. The constructor performs a "stat()" on the file
    and makes the 13 elements returned available as the plugin items:

        dev ino mode nlink uid gid rdev size
        atime mtime ctime blksize blocks

    e.g.

        [% USE File('/foo/bar/baz.html') %]

        [% File.mtime %]
        [% File.mode %]
        ...

    In addition, the "user" and "group" items are set to contain the user and group names as
    returned by calls to "getpwuid()" and "getgrgid()" for the file "uid" and "gid" elements,
    respectively. On Win32 platforms on which "getpwuid()" and "getgrid()" are not available, these
    values are undefined.

        [% USE File('/tmp/foo.html') %]
        [% File.uid %]      # e.g. 500
        [% File.user %]     # e.g. abw

    This user/group lookup can be disabled by setting the "noid" option.

        [% USE File('/tmp/foo.html', noid=1) %]
        [% File.uid %]      # e.g. 500
        [% File.user %]     # nothing

    The "isdir" flag will be set if the file is a directory.

        [% USE File('/tmp') %]
        [% File.isdir %]    # 1

    If the "stat()" on the file fails (e.g. file doesn't exists, bad permission, etc) then the
    constructor will throw a "File" exception. This can be caught within a "TRY...CATCH" block.

        [% TRY %]
           [% USE File('/tmp/myfile') %]
           File exists!
        [% CATCH File %]
           File error: [% error.info %]
        [% END %]

    Note the capitalisation of the exception type, '"File"', to indicate an error thrown by the
    "File" plugin, to distinguish it from a regular "file" exception thrown by the Template Toolkit.

    Note that the "File" plugin can also be referenced by the lower case name '"file"'. However,
    exceptions are always thrown of the "File" type, regardless of the capitalisation of the plugin
    named used.

        [% USE file('foo.html') %]
        [% file.mtime %]

    As with any other Template Toolkit plugin, an alternate name can be specified for the object
    created.

        [% USE foo = file('foo.html') %]
        [% foo.mtime %]

    The "nostat" option can be specified to prevent the plugin constructor from performing a
    "stat()" on the file specified. In this case, the file does not have to exist in the file
    system, no attempt will be made to verify that it does, and no error will be thrown if it
    doesn't. The entries for the items usually returned by "stat()" will be set empty.

        [% USE file('/some/where/over/the/rainbow.html', nostat=1)
        [% file.mtime %]     # nothing

## METHODS
    All "File" plugins, regardless of the "nostat" option, have set a number of items relating to
    the original path specified.

  path
    The full, original file path specified to the constructor.

        [% USE file('/foo/bar.html') %]
        [% file.path %]     # /foo/bar.html

  name
    The name of the file without any leading directories.

        [% USE file('/foo/bar.html') %]
        [% file.name %]     # bar.html

  dir
    The directory element of the path with the filename removed.

        [% USE file('/foo/bar.html') %]
        [% file.name %]     # /foo

  ext
    The file extension, if any, appearing at the end of the path following a '"."' (not included in
    the extension).

        [% USE file('/foo/bar.html') %]
        [% file.ext %]      # html

  home
    This contains a string of the form '"../.."' to represent the upward path from a file to its
    root directory.

        [% USE file('bar.html') %]
        [% file.home %]     # nothing

        [% USE file('foo/bar.html') %]
        [% file.home %]     # ..

        [% USE file('foo/bar/baz.html') %]
        [% file.home %]     # ../..

  root
    The "root" item can be specified as a constructor argument, indicating a root directory in which
    the named file resides. This is otherwise set empty.

        [% USE file('foo/bar.html', root='/tmp') %]
        [% file.root %]     # /tmp

  abs
    This returns the absolute file path by constructing a path from the "root" and "path" options.

        [% USE file('foo/bar.html', root='/tmp') %]
        [% file.path %]     # foo/bar.html
        [% file.root %]     # /tmp
        [% file.abs %]      # /tmp/foo/bar.html

  rel(path)
    This returns a relative path from the current file to another path specified as an argument. It
    is constructed by appending the path to the '"home"' item.

        [% USE file('foo/bar/baz.html') %]
        [% file.rel('wiz/waz.html') %]      # ../../wiz/waz.html

## EXAMPLES
        [% USE file('/foo/bar/baz.html') %]

        [% file.path  %]      # /foo/bar/baz.html
        [% file.dir   %]      # /foo/bar
        [% file.name  %]      # baz.html
        [% file.home  %]      # ../..
        [% file.root  %]      # ''
        [% file.abs   %]      # /foo/bar/baz.html
        [% file.ext   %]      # html
        [% file.mtime %]      # 987654321
        [% file.atime %]      # 987654321
        [% file.uid   %]      # 500
        [% file.user  %]      # abw

        [% USE file('foo.html') %]

        [% file.path %]           # foo.html
        [% file.dir  %]       # ''
        [% file.name %]           # foo.html
        [% file.root %]       # ''
        [% file.home %]       # ''
        [% file.abs  %]       # foo.html

        [% USE file('foo/bar/baz.html') %]

        [% file.path %]           # foo/bar/baz.html
        [% file.dir  %]       # foo/bar
        [% file.name %]           # baz.html
        [% file.root %]       # ''
        [% file.home %]       # ../..
        [% file.abs  %]       # foo/bar/baz.html

        [% USE file('foo/bar/baz.html', root='/tmp') %]

        [% file.path %]           # foo/bar/baz.html
        [% file.dir  %]       # foo/bar
        [% file.name %]           # baz.html
        [% file.root %]       # /tmp
        [% file.home %]       # ../..
        [% file.abs  %]       # /tmp/foo/bar/baz.html

        # calculate other file paths relative to this file and its root
        [% USE file('foo/bar/baz.html', root => '/tmp/tt2') %]

        [% file.path('baz/qux.html') %]         # ../../baz/qux.html
        [% file.dir('wiz/woz.html')  %]     # ../../wiz/woz.html

## AUTHORS
    Michael Stevens wrote the original "Directory" plugin on which this is based. Andy Wardley split
    it into separate "File" and "Directory" plugins, added some extra code and documentation for
    "VIEW" support, and made a few other minor tweaks.

## COPYRIGHT
    Copyright 2000-2007 Michael Stevens, Andy Wardley.

    This module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as
    Perl itself.

## SEE ALSO
    [Template::Plugin](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Template%3A%3APlugin/markdown), [Template::Plugin::Directory](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Template%3A%3APlugin%3A%3ADirectory/markdown), [Template::View](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Template%3A%3AView/markdown)