phpman > perldoc > HTTP::Response

NAME
    HTTP::Response - HTTP style response message

VERSION
    version 6.36

SYNOPSIS
    Response objects are returned by the request() method of the "LWP::UserAgent":

        # ...
        $response = $ua->request($request);
        if ($response->is_success) {
            print $response->decoded_content;
        }
        else {
            print STDERR $response->status_line, "\n";
        }

DESCRIPTION
    The "HTTP::Response" class encapsulates HTTP style responses. A response consists of a response
    line, some headers, and a content body. Note that the LWP library uses HTTP style responses even
    for non-HTTP protocol schemes. Instances of this class are usually created and returned by the
    request() method of an "LWP::UserAgent" object.

    "HTTP::Response" is a subclass of "HTTP::Message" and therefore inherits its methods. The
    following additional methods are available:

    $r = HTTP::Response->new( $code )
    $r = HTTP::Response->new( $code, $msg )
    $r = HTTP::Response->new( $code, $msg, $header )
    $r = HTTP::Response->new( $code, $msg, $header, $content )
        Constructs a new "HTTP::Response" object describing a response with response code $code and
        optional message $msg. The optional $header argument should be a reference to an
        "HTTP::Headers" object or a plain array reference of key/value pairs. The optional $content
        argument should be a string of bytes. The meanings of these arguments are described below.

    $r = HTTP::Response->parse( $str )
        This constructs a new response object by parsing the given string.

    $r->code
    $r->code( $code )
        This is used to get/set the code attribute. The code is a 3 digit number that encode the
        overall outcome of an HTTP response. The "HTTP::Status" module provide constants that
        provide mnemonic names for the code attribute.

    $r->message
    $r->message( $message )
        This is used to get/set the message attribute. The message is a short human readable single
        line string that explains the response code.

    $r->header( $field )
    $r->header( $field => $value )
        This is used to get/set header values and it is inherited from "HTTP::Headers" via
        "HTTP::Message". See HTTP::Headers for details and other similar methods that can be used to
        access the headers.

    $r->content
    $r->content( $bytes )
        This is used to get/set the raw content and it is inherited from the "HTTP::Message" base
        class. See HTTP::Message for details and other methods that can be used to access the
        content.

    $r->decoded_content( %options )
        This will return the content after any "Content-Encoding" and charsets have been decoded.
        See HTTP::Message for details.

    $r->request
    $r->request( $request )
        This is used to get/set the request attribute. The request attribute is a reference to the
        request that caused this response. It does not have to be the same request passed to the
        $ua->request() method, because there might have been redirects and authorization retries in
        between.

    $r->previous
    $r->previous( $response )
        This is used to get/set the previous attribute. The previous attribute is used to link
        together chains of responses. You get chains of responses if the first response is redirect
        or unauthorized. The value is "undef" if this is the first response in a chain.

        Note that the method $r->redirects is provided as a more convenient way to access the
        response chain.

    $r->status_line
        Returns the string "<code> <message>". If the message attribute is not set then the official
        name of <code> (see HTTP::Status) is substituted.

    $r->base
        Returns the base URI for this response. The return value will be a reference to a URI
        object.

        The base URI is obtained from one the following sources (in priority order):

        1.  Embedded in the document content, for instance <BASE HREF="..."> in HTML documents.

        2.  A "Content-Base:" or a "Content-Location:" header in the response.

            For backwards compatibility with older HTTP implementations we will also look for the
            "Base:" header.

        3.  The URI used to request this response. This might not be the original URI that was
            passed to $ua->request() method, because we might have received some redirect responses
            first.

        If none of these sources provide an absolute URI, undef is returned.

        When the LWP protocol modules produce the HTTP::Response object, then any base URI embedded
        in the document (step 1) will already have initialized the "Content-Base:" header. (See
        "parse_head" in LWP::UserAgent). This means that this method only performs the last 2 steps
        (the content is not always available either).

    $r->filename
        Returns a filename for this response. Note that doing sanity checks on the returned filename
        (eg. removing characters that cannot be used on the target filesystem where the filename
        would be used, and laundering it for security purposes) are the caller's responsibility; the
        only related thing done by this method is that it makes a simple attempt to return a plain
        filename with no preceding path segments.

        The filename is obtained from one the following sources (in priority order):

        1.  A "Content-Disposition:" header in the response. Proper decoding of RFC 2047 encoded
            filenames requires the "MIME::QuotedPrint" (for "Q" encoding), "MIME::Base64" (for "B"
            encoding), and "Encode" modules.

        2.  A "Content-Location:" header in the response.

        3.  The URI used to request this response. This might not be the original URI that was
            passed to $ua->request() method, because we might have received some redirect responses
            first.

        If a filename cannot be derived from any of these sources, undef is returned.

    $r->as_string
    $r->as_string( $eol )
        Returns a textual representation of the response.

    $r->is_info
    $r->is_success
    $r->is_redirect
    $r->is_error
    $r->is_client_error
    $r->is_server_error
        These methods indicate if the response was informational, successful, a redirection, or an
        error. See HTTP::Status for the meaning of these.

    $r->error_as_HTML
        Returns a string containing a complete HTML document indicating what error occurred. This
        method should only be called when $r->is_error is TRUE.

    $r->redirects
        Returns the list of redirect responses that lead up to this response by following the
        $r->previous chain. The list order is oldest first.

        In scalar context return the number of redirect responses leading up to this one.

    $r->current_age
        Calculates the "current age" of the response as specified by RFC 2616 section 13.2.3. The
        age of a response is the time since it was sent by the origin server. The returned value is
        a number representing the age in seconds.

    $r->freshness_lifetime( %opt )
        Calculates the "freshness lifetime" of the response as specified by RFC 2616 section 13.2.4.
        The "freshness lifetime" is the length of time between the generation of a response and its
        expiration time. The returned value is the number of seconds until expiry.

        If the response does not contain an "Expires" or a "Cache-Control" header, then this
        function will apply some simple heuristic based on the "Last-Modified" header to determine a
        suitable lifetime. The following options might be passed to control the heuristics:

        heuristic_expiry => $bool
            If passed as a FALSE value, don't apply heuristics and just return "undef" when
            "Expires" or "Cache-Control" is lacking.

        h_lastmod_fraction => $num
            This number represent the fraction of the difference since the "Last-Modified" timestamp
            to make the expiry time. The default is 0.10, the suggested typical setting of 10% in
            RFC 2616.

        h_min => $sec
            This is the lower limit of the heuristic expiry age to use. The default is 60 (1
            minute).

        h_max => $sec
            This is the upper limit of the heuristic expiry age to use. The default is 86400 (24
            hours).

        h_default => $sec
            This is the expiry age to use when nothing else applies. The default is 3600 (1 hour) or
            "h_min" if greater.

    $r->is_fresh( %opt )
        Returns TRUE if the response is fresh, based on the values of freshness_lifetime() and
        current_age(). If the response is no longer fresh, then it has to be re-fetched or
        re-validated by the origin server.

        Options might be passed to control expiry heuristics, see the description of
        freshness_lifetime().

    $r->fresh_until( %opt )
        Returns the time (seconds since epoch) when this entity is no longer fresh.

        Options might be passed to control expiry heuristics, see the description of
        freshness_lifetime().

SEE ALSO
    HTTP::Headers, HTTP::Message, HTTP::Status, HTTP::Request

AUTHOR
    Gisle Aas <gisle AT activestate.com>

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
    This software is copyright (c) 1994 by Gisle Aas.

    This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl
    5 programming language system itself.