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            "text": "# vgreduce(8) (man)\n\n**Summary:** vgreduce - Remove physical volume(s) from a volume group\n\n**Synopsis:** vgreduce optionargs positionargs\n[ optionargs ]\n-a|--all\n-A|--autobackup y|n\n--commandprofile String\n--config String\n-d|--debug\n--driverloaded y|n\n-f|--force\n-h|--help\n--lockopt String\n--longhelp\n--mirrorsonly\n--nolocking\n--profile String\n-q|--quiet\n--removemissing\n--reportformat basic|json\n-t|--test\n-v|--verbose\n--version\n-y|--yes\n\n## Flags\n\n| Flag | Long | Arg | Description |\n|------|------|-----|-------------|\n| -a | --all | — | Removes all empty PVs if none are named on the command line. |\n| -A | --autobackup | — | Specifies if metadata should be backed up automatically after a change. Enabling this is strongly advised! See vgcfgback |\n| -d | --debug | — | Set debug level. Repeat from 1 to 6 times to increase the detail of messages sent to the log file and/or syslog (if conf |\n| -f | --force | — | Override various checks, confirmations and protections. Use with extreme caution. |\n| -h | --help | — | Display help text. --lockopt String Used to pass options for special cases to lvmlockd. See lvmlockd(8) for more informa |\n| — | --longhelp | — | Display long help text. |\n| — | --mirrorsonly | — | Only remove missing PVs from mirror LVs. |\n| — | --nolocking | — | Disable locking. --profile String An alias for --commandprofile or --metadataprofile, depending on the command. |\n| -q | --quiet | — | Suppress output and log messages. Overrides --debug and --verbose. Repeat once to also suppress any prompts with answer  |\n| — | --removemissing | — | Removes all missing PVs from the VG, if there are no LVs allocated on them. This re‐ sumes normal operation of the VG (n |\n| -t | --test | — | Run in test mode. Commands will not update metadata. This is implemented by disabling all metadata writing but neverthel |\n| -v | --verbose | — | Set verbose level. Repeat from 1 to 4 times to increase the detail of messages sent to stdout and stderr. |\n| — | --version | — | Display version information. |\n| -y | --yes | — | Do not prompt for confirmation interactively but always assume the answer yes. Use with extreme caution. (For automatic  |\n\n## See Also\n\n- lvm(8)\n- lvm.conf(5)\n- lvmconfig(8)\n- pvchange(8)\n- pvck(8)\n- pvcreate(8)\n- pvdisplay(8)\n- pvmove(8)\n- pvremove(8)\n- pvresize(8)\n- pvs(8)\n- can(8)\n- vgcfgbackup(8)\n- vgcfgrestore(8)\n- vgchange(8)\n- vgck(8)\n- vgcreate(8)\n- vgconvert(8)\n- vgdisplay(8)\n- export(8)\n- vgextend(8)\n- vgimport(8)\n- vgimportclone(8)\n- vgmerge(8)\n- vgmknodes(8)\n- move(8)\n- vgrename(8)\n- vgs(8)\n- vgscan(8)\n- vgsplit(8)\n- lvcreate(8)\n- lvchange(8)\n- lvconvert(8)\n- lvdisplay(8)\n- lvextend(8)\n- lvreduce(8)\n- lvremove(8)\n- name(8)\n- lvresize(8)\n- lvs(8)\n- lvscan(8)\n- lvm-fullreport(8)\n- lvm-lvpoll(8)\n- lvm2-activation-generator(8)\n- blkdeactivate(8)\n- lvmdump(8)\n- dmeventd(8)\n- lvmpolld(8)\n- lvmlockd(8)\n- lvmlockctl(8)\n- cmirrord(8)\n- lvmdbusd(8)\n- lvmsystemid(7)\n- lvmreport(7)\n- lvmraid(7)\n- lvmthin(7)\n- lvmcache(7)\n\n## Section Outline\n\n- **NAME** (2 lines)\n- **SYNOPSIS** (24 lines)\n- **DESCRIPTION** (2 lines)\n- **USAGE** (40 lines)\n- **OPTIONS** (1 lines) — 14 subsections\n  - -a --all (2 lines)\n  - -A --autobackup (12 lines)\n  - -d --debug (7 lines)\n  - -f --force (2 lines)\n  - -h --help (6 lines)\n  - --longhelp (2 lines)\n  - --mirrorsonly (2 lines)\n  - --nolocking (5 lines)\n  - -q --quiet (3 lines)\n  - --removemissing (16 lines)\n  - -t --test (5 lines)\n  - -v --verbose (3 lines)\n  - --version (2 lines)\n  - -y --yes (3 lines)\n- **VARIABLES** (23 lines)\n- **ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES** (3 lines)\n- **SEE ALSO** (21 lines)\n\n## Full Content\n\n### NAME\n\nvgreduce - Remove physical volume(s) from a volume group\n\n### SYNOPSIS\n\nvgreduce optionargs positionargs\n[ optionargs ]\n\n-a|--all\n-A|--autobackup y|n\n--commandprofile String\n--config String\n-d|--debug\n--driverloaded y|n\n-f|--force\n-h|--help\n--lockopt String\n--longhelp\n--mirrorsonly\n--nolocking\n--profile String\n-q|--quiet\n--removemissing\n--reportformat basic|json\n-t|--test\n-v|--verbose\n--version\n-y|--yes\n\n### DESCRIPTION\n\nvgreduce removes one or more unused PVs from a VG.\n\n### USAGE\n\nRemove a PV from a VG.\n\nvgreduce VG PV ...\n[ COMMONOPTIONS ]\n-\n\nRemove all unused PVs from a VG.\n\nvgreduce -a|--all VG\n[ COMMONOPTIONS ]\n-\n\nRemove all missing PVs from a VG.\n\nvgreduce --removemissing VG\n[    --mirrorsonly ]\n[ COMMONOPTIONS ]\n-\n\nCommon options for command:\n[ -A|--autobackup y|n ]\n[ -f|--force ]\n[    --reportformat basic|json ]\n\nCommon options for lvm:\n[ -d|--debug ]\n[ -h|--help ]\n[ -q|--quiet ]\n[ -t|--test ]\n[ -v|--verbose ]\n[ -y|--yes ]\n[    --commandprofile String ]\n[    --config String ]\n[    --driverloaded y|n ]\n[    --lockopt String ]\n[    --longhelp ]\n[    --nolocking ]\n[    --profile String ]\n[    --version ]\n\n### OPTIONS\n\n#### -a --all\n\nRemoves all empty PVs if none are named on the command line.\n\n#### -A --autobackup\n\nSpecifies if metadata should be backed up automatically after a change.  Enabling this\nis strongly advised! See vgcfgbackup(8) for more information.\n\n--commandprofile String\nThe command profile to use for command configuration.  See lvm.conf(5) for more infor‐\nmation about profiles.\n\n--config String\nConfig settings for the command. These override lvm.conf settings.  The String arg\nuses the same format as lvm.conf, or may use section/field syntax.  See lvm.conf(5)\nfor more information about config.\n\n#### -d --debug\n\nSet debug level. Repeat from 1 to 6 times to increase the detail of messages sent to\nthe log file and/or syslog (if configured).\n\n--driverloaded y|n\nIf set to no, the command will not attempt to use device-mapper.  For testing and de‐\nbugging.\n\n#### -f --force\n\nOverride various checks, confirmations and protections.  Use with extreme caution.\n\n#### -h --help\n\nDisplay help text.\n\n--lockopt String\nUsed to pass options for special cases to lvmlockd.  See lvmlockd(8) for more informa‐\ntion.\n\n#### --longhelp\n\nDisplay long help text.\n\n#### --mirrorsonly\n\nOnly remove missing PVs from mirror LVs.\n\n#### --nolocking\n\nDisable locking.\n\n--profile String\nAn alias for --commandprofile or --metadataprofile, depending on the command.\n\n#### -q --quiet\n\nSuppress output and log messages. Overrides --debug and --verbose.  Repeat once to\nalso suppress any prompts with answer 'no'.\n\n#### --removemissing\n\nRemoves all missing PVs from the VG, if there are no LVs allocated on them. This re‐\nsumes normal operation of the VG (new LVs may again be created, changed and so on).\nIf this is not possible because LVs are referencing the missing PVs, this option can\nbe combined with --force to have the command remove any partial LVs. In this case, any\nLVs and dependent snapshots that were partly on the missing disks are removed com‐\npletely, including those parts on disks that are still present.  If LVs spanned sev‐\neral disks, including ones that are lost, salvaging some data first may be possible by\nactivating LVs in partial mode.\n\n--reportformat basic|json\nOverrides current output format for reports which is defined globally by the re‐\nport/outputformat setting in lvm.conf.  basic is the original format with columns and\nrows.  If there is more than one report per command, each report is prefixed with the\nreport name for identification. json produces report output in JSON format. See lvmre‐‐\nport(7) for more information.\n\n#### -t --test\n\nRun in test mode. Commands will not update metadata.  This is implemented by disabling\nall metadata writing but nevertheless returning success to the calling function. This\nmay lead to unusual error messages in multi-stage operations if a tool relies on read‐\ning back metadata it believes has changed but hasn't.\n\n#### -v --verbose\n\nSet verbose level. Repeat from 1 to 4 times to increase the detail of messages sent to\nstdout and stderr.\n\n#### --version\n\nDisplay version information.\n\n#### -y --yes\n\nDo not prompt for confirmation interactively but always assume the answer yes. Use\nwith extreme caution.  (For automatic no, see -qq.)\n\n### VARIABLES\n\nVG\nVolume Group name.  See lvm(8) for valid names.\n\nPV\nPhysical  Volume  name,  a device path under /dev.  For commands managing physical ex‐\ntents, a PV positional arg generally accepts a suffix indicating a range (or  multiple\nranges)  of  physical  extents (PEs). When the first PE is omitted, it defaults to the\nstart of the device, and when the last PE is omitted it defaults to  end.   Start  and\nend  range  (inclusive):  PV[:PE-PE]...   Start  and  length  range (counting from 0):\nPV[:PE+PE]...\n\nString\nSee the option description for information about the string content.\n\nSize[UNIT]\nSize is an input number that accepts an optional unit.  Input units are always treated\nas base two values, regardless of capitalization, e.g. 'k' and 'K' both refer to 1024.\nThe default input unit is specified by letter, followed  by  |UNIT.   UNIT  represents\nother  possible  input  units:  bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE.  b|B is bytes, s|S is sectors of 512\nbytes, k|K is KiB, m|M is MiB, g|G is GiB, t|T is TiB, p|P is PiB, e|E is EiB.   (This\nshould  not  be  confused  with the output control --units, where capital letters mean\nmultiple of 1000.)\n\n### ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES\n\nSee lvm(8) for information about environment variables used by lvm.  For example, LVMVGNAME\ncan generally be substituted for a required VG parameter.\n\n### SEE ALSO\n\nlvm(8) lvm.conf(5) lvmconfig(8)\n\npvchange(8)  pvck(8)  pvcreate(8)  pvdisplay(8) pvmove(8) pvremove(8) pvresize(8) pvs(8) pvs‐‐\ncan(8)\n\nvgcfgbackup(8) vgcfgrestore(8) vgchange(8) vgck(8) vgcreate(8) vgconvert(8) vgdisplay(8)  vg‐‐\nexport(8)  vgextend(8) vgimport(8) vgimportclone(8) vgmerge(8) vgmknodes(8) vgreduce(8) vgre‐‐\nmove(8) vgrename(8) vgs(8) vgscan(8) vgsplit(8)\n\nlvcreate(8) lvchange(8) lvconvert(8) lvdisplay(8) lvextend(8) lvreduce(8)  lvremove(8)  lvre‐‐\nname(8) lvresize(8) lvs(8) lvscan(8)\n\nlvm-fullreport(8) lvm-lvpoll(8) lvm2-activation-generator(8) blkdeactivate(8) lvmdump(8)\n\ndmeventd(8) lvmpolld(8) lvmlockd(8) lvmlockctl(8) cmirrord(8) lvmdbusd(8)\n\nlvmsystemid(7) lvmreport(7) lvmraid(7) lvmthin(7) lvmcache(7)\n\n\n\nRed Hat, Inc.                     LVM TOOLS 2.03.11(2) (2021-01-08)                      VGREDUCE(8)\n\n"
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    ],
    "structuredContent": {
        "command": "vgreduce",
        "section": "8",
        "mode": "man",
        "summary": "vgreduce - Remove physical volume(s) from a volume group",
        "synopsis": "vgreduce optionargs positionargs\n[ optionargs ]\n-a|--all\n-A|--autobackup y|n\n--commandprofile String\n--config String\n-d|--debug\n--driverloaded y|n\n-f|--force\n-h|--help\n--lockopt String\n--longhelp\n--mirrorsonly\n--nolocking\n--profile String\n-q|--quiet\n--removemissing\n--reportformat basic|json\n-t|--test\n-v|--verbose\n--version\n-y|--yes",
        "flags": [
            {
                "flag": "-a",
                "long": "--all",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Removes all empty PVs if none are named on the command line."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-A",
                "long": "--autobackup",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Specifies if metadata should be backed up automatically after a change. Enabling this is strongly advised! See vgcfgbackup(8) for more information. --commandprofile String The command profile to use for command configuration. See lvm.conf(5) for more infor‐ mation about profiles. --config String Config settings for the command. These override lvm.conf settings. The String arg uses the same format as lvm.conf, or may use section/field syntax. See lvm.conf(5) for more information about config."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-d",
                "long": "--debug",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Set debug level. Repeat from 1 to 6 times to increase the detail of messages sent to the log file and/or syslog (if configured). --driverloaded y|n If set to no, the command will not attempt to use device-mapper. For testing and de‐ bugging."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-f",
                "long": "--force",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Override various checks, confirmations and protections. Use with extreme caution."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-h",
                "long": "--help",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Display help text. --lockopt String Used to pass options for special cases to lvmlockd. See lvmlockd(8) for more informa‐ tion."
            },
            {
                "flag": "",
                "long": "--longhelp",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Display long help text."
            },
            {
                "flag": "",
                "long": "--mirrorsonly",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Only remove missing PVs from mirror LVs."
            },
            {
                "flag": "",
                "long": "--nolocking",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Disable locking. --profile String An alias for --commandprofile or --metadataprofile, depending on the command."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-q",
                "long": "--quiet",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Suppress output and log messages. Overrides --debug and --verbose. Repeat once to also suppress any prompts with answer 'no'."
            },
            {
                "flag": "",
                "long": "--removemissing",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Removes all missing PVs from the VG, if there are no LVs allocated on them. This re‐ sumes normal operation of the VG (new LVs may again be created, changed and so on). If this is not possible because LVs are referencing the missing PVs, this option can be combined with --force to have the command remove any partial LVs. In this case, any LVs and dependent snapshots that were partly on the missing disks are removed com‐ pletely, including those parts on disks that are still present. If LVs spanned sev‐ eral disks, including ones that are lost, salvaging some data first may be possible by activating LVs in partial mode. --reportformat basic|json Overrides current output format for reports which is defined globally by the re‐ port/outputformat setting in lvm.conf. basic is the original format with columns and rows. If there is more than one report per command, each report is prefixed with the report name for identification. json produces report output in JSON format. See lvmre‐‐ port(7) for more information."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-t",
                "long": "--test",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Run in test mode. Commands will not update metadata. This is implemented by disabling all metadata writing but nevertheless returning success to the calling function. This may lead to unusual error messages in multi-stage operations if a tool relies on read‐ ing back metadata it believes has changed but hasn't."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-v",
                "long": "--verbose",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Set verbose level. Repeat from 1 to 4 times to increase the detail of messages sent to stdout and stderr."
            },
            {
                "flag": "",
                "long": "--version",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Display version information."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-y",
                "long": "--yes",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Do not prompt for confirmation interactively but always assume the answer yes. Use with extreme caution. (For automatic no, see -qq.)"
            }
        ],
        "examples": [],
        "see_also": [
            {
                "name": "lvm",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvm/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvm.conf",
                "section": "5",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvm.conf/5/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvmconfig",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvmconfig/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "pvchange",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pvchange/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "pvck",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pvck/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "pvcreate",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pvcreate/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "pvdisplay",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pvdisplay/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "pvmove",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pvmove/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "pvremove",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pvremove/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "pvresize",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pvresize/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "pvs",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pvs/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "can",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/can/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "vgcfgbackup",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/vgcfgbackup/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "vgcfgrestore",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/vgcfgrestore/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "vgchange",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/vgchange/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "vgck",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/vgck/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "vgcreate",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/vgcreate/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "vgconvert",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/vgconvert/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "vgdisplay",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/vgdisplay/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "export",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/export/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "vgextend",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/vgextend/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "vgimport",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/vgimport/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "vgimportclone",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/vgimportclone/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "vgmerge",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/vgmerge/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "vgmknodes",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/vgmknodes/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "move",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/move/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "vgrename",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/vgrename/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "vgs",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/vgs/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "vgscan",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/vgscan/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "vgsplit",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/vgsplit/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvcreate",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvcreate/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvchange",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvchange/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvconvert",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvconvert/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvdisplay",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvdisplay/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvextend",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvextend/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvreduce",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvreduce/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvremove",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvremove/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "name",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/name/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvresize",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvresize/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvs",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvs/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvscan",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvscan/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvm-fullreport",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvm-fullreport/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvm-lvpoll",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvm-lvpoll/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvm2-activation-generator",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvm2-activation-generator/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "blkdeactivate",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/blkdeactivate/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvmdump",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvmdump/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "dmeventd",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/dmeventd/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvmpolld",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvmpolld/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvmlockd",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvmlockd/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "lvmlockctl",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/lvmlockctl/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "cmirrord",
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                "name": "NAME",
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}