man > shuf(1)

Che Dong

⚡ TLDR: shuf (tldr-pages)

Generate random permutations.

Randomize the order of lines in a file and output the result
shuf {{path/to/file}}
Only output the first 5 entries of the result
shuf {{-n|--head-count}} 5 {{path/to/file}}
Write the output to another file
shuf {{path/to/input_file}} {{-o|--output}} {{path/to/output_file}}
Generate 3 random numbers in the range 1-10 (inclusive, numbers can repeat)
shuf {{-n|--head-count}} 3 {{-i|--input-range}} 1-10 {{-r|--repeat}}

SHUF(1)                                     User Commands                                    SHUF(1)

NAME
       shuf - generate random permutations

SYNOPSIS
       shuf [OPTION]... [FILE]
       shuf -e [OPTION]... [ARG]...
       shuf -i LO-HI [OPTION]...

DESCRIPTION
       Write a random permutation of the input lines to standard output.

       With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

       Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.

       -e, --echo
              treat each ARG as an input line

       -i, --input-range=LO-HI
              treat each number LO through HI as an input line

       -n, --head-count=COUNT
              output at most COUNT lines

       -o, --output=FILE
              write result to FILE instead of standard output

       --random-source=FILE
              get random bytes from FILE

       -r, --repeat
              output lines can be repeated

       -z, --zero-terminated
              line delimiter is NUL, not newline

       --help display this help and exit

       --version
              output version information and exit

AUTHOR
       Written by Paul Eggert.

REPORTING BUGS
       GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
       Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright  ©  2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.  License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
       <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
       This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.  There is NO WARRANTY,  to
       the extent permitted by law.

SEE ALSO
       Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/shuf>
       or available locally via: info '(coreutils) shuf invocation'

GNU coreutils 9.4                           January 2026                                     SHUF(1)

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