{
    "mode": "man",
    "parameter": "pthreads",
    "section": "7",
    "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pthreads/7/json",
    "generated": "2026-11-08T03:41:23Z",
    "sections": {
        "NAME": {
            "content": "pthreads - POSIX threads\n",
            "subsections": []
        },
        "DESCRIPTION": {
            "content": "POSIX.1 specifies a set of interfaces (functions, header files) for threaded programming com‐\nmonly  known  as  POSIX threads, or Pthreads.  A single process can contain multiple threads,\nall of which are executing the same program.  These threads  share  the  same  global  memory\n(data and heap segments), but each thread has its own stack (automatic variables).\n\nPOSIX.1  also requires that threads share a range of other attributes (i.e., these attributes\nare process-wide rather than per-thread):\n\n•  process ID\n\n•  parent process ID\n\n•  process group ID and session ID\n\n•  controlling terminal\n\n•  user and group IDs\n\n•  open file descriptors\n\n•  record locks (see fcntl(2))\n\n•  signal dispositions\n\n•  file mode creation mask (umask(2))\n\n•  current directory (chdir(2)) and root directory (chroot(2))\n\n•  interval timers (setitimer(2)) and POSIX timers (timercreate(2))\n\n•  nice value (setpriority(2))\n\n•  resource limits (setrlimit(2))\n\n•  measurements of the consumption of CPU time (times(2)) and resources (getrusage(2))\n\nAs well as the stack, POSIX.1 specifies that various other attributes are distinct  for  each\nthread, including:\n\n•  thread ID (the pthreadt data type)\n\n•  signal mask (pthreadsigmask(3))\n\n•  the errno variable\n\n•  alternate signal stack (sigaltstack(2))\n\n•  real-time scheduling policy and priority (sched(7))\n\nThe following Linux-specific features are also per-thread:\n\n•  capabilities (see capabilities(7))\n\n•  CPU affinity (schedsetaffinity(2))\n",
            "subsections": [
                {
                    "name": "Pthreads function return values",
                    "content": "Most  pthreads functions return 0 on success, and an error number on failure.  The error num‐\nbers that can be returned have the same meaning as the error numbers  returned  in  errno  by\nconventional  system  calls and C library functions.  Note that the pthreads functions do not\nset errno.  For each of the pthreads functions that can return an error, POSIX.1-2001  speci‐\nfies that the function can never fail with the error EINTR.\n"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Thread IDs",
                    "content": "Each  of  the  threads  in  a  process  has  a  unique  thread identifier (stored in the type\npthreadt).  This identifier is returned to the caller of pthreadcreate(3), and a thread can\nobtain its own thread identifier using pthreadself(3).\n\nThread IDs are guaranteed to be unique only within a process.   (In  all  pthreads  functions\nthat  accept a thread ID as an argument, that ID by definition refers to a thread in the same\nprocess as the caller.)\n\nThe system may reuse a thread ID after a terminated thread has been  joined,  or  a  detached\nthread  has  terminated.   POSIX  says:  \"If an application attempts to use a thread ID whose\nlifetime has ended, the behavior is undefined.\"\n"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Thread-safe functions",
                    "content": "A thread-safe function is one that can be safely (i.e., it will deliver the same results  re‐\ngardless of whether it is) called from multiple threads at the same time.\n\nPOSIX.1-2001  and  POSIX.1-2008 require that all functions specified in the standard shall be\nthread-safe, except for the following functions:\n\nasctime()\nbasename()\ncatgets()\ncrypt()\nctermid() if passed a non-NULL argument\nctime()\ndbmclearerr()\ndbmclose()\ndbmdelete()\ndbmerror()\ndbmfetch()\ndbmfirstkey()\ndbmnextkey()\ndbmopen()\ndbmstore()\ndirname()\ndlerror()\ndrand48()\necvt() [POSIX.1-2001 only (function removed in POSIX.1-2008)]\nencrypt()\nendgrent()\nendpwent()\nendutxent()\nfcvt() [POSIX.1-2001 only (function removed in POSIX.1-2008)]\nftw()\ngcvt() [POSIX.1-2001 only (function removed in POSIX.1-2008)]\ngetcunlocked()\ngetcharunlocked()\ngetdate()\ngetenv()\ngetgrent()\ngetgrgid()\ngetgrnam()\ngethostbyaddr() [POSIX.1-2001 only (function removed in\nPOSIX.1-2008)]\ngethostbyname() [POSIX.1-2001 only (function removed in\nPOSIX.1-2008)]\ngethostent()\ngetlogin()\ngetnetbyaddr()\ngetnetbyname()\ngetnetent()\ngetopt()\ngetprotobyname()\ngetprotobynumber()\ngetprotoent()\ngetpwent()\ngetpwnam()\ngetpwuid()\ngetservbyname()\ngetservbyport()\ngetservent()\ngetutxent()\ngetutxid()\ngetutxline()\ngmtime()\nhcreate()\nhdestroy()\nhsearch()\ninetntoa()\nl64a()\nlgamma()\nlgammaf()\nlgammal()\nlocaleconv()\nlocaltime()\nlrand48()\nmrand48()\nnftw()\nnllanginfo()\nptsname()\nputcunlocked()\nputcharunlocked()\nputenv()\npututxline()\nrand()\nreaddir()\nsetenv()\nsetgrent()\nsetkey()\nsetpwent()\nsetutxent()\nstrerror()\nstrsignal() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nstrtok()\nsystem() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\ntmpnam() if passed a non-NULL argument\nttyname()\nunsetenv()\nwcrtomb() if its final argument is NULL\nwcsrtombs() if its final argument is NULL\nwcstombs()\nwctomb()\n"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Async-cancel-safe functions",
                    "content": "An async-cancel-safe function is one that can be safely called in an application where  asyn‐\nchronous cancelability is enabled (see pthreadsetcancelstate(3)).\n\nOnly  the  following  functions  are  required  to  be  async-cancel-safe by POSIX.1-2001 and\nPOSIX.1-2008:\n\npthreadcancel()\npthreadsetcancelstate()\npthreadsetcanceltype()\n"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Cancelation points",
                    "content": "POSIX.1 specifies that certain functions must, and certain other functions may,  be  cancela‐\ntion  points.   If a thread is cancelable, its cancelability type is deferred, and a cancela‐\ntion request is pending for the thread, then the thread is canceled when it calls a  function\nthat is a cancelation point.\n\nThe  following  functions  are  required  to  be  cancelation  points  by POSIX.1-2001 and/or\nPOSIX.1-2008:\n\naccept()\naiosuspend()\nclocknanosleep()\nclose()\nconnect()\ncreat()\nfcntl() FSETLKW\nfdatasync()\nfsync()\ngetmsg()\ngetpmsg()\nlockf() FLOCK\nmqreceive()\nmqsend()\nmqtimedreceive()\nmqtimedsend()\nmsgrcv()\nmsgsnd()\nmsync()\nnanosleep()\nopen()\nopenat() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\npause()\npoll()\npread()\npselect()\npthreadcondtimedwait()\npthreadcondwait()\npthreadjoin()\npthreadtestcancel()\nputmsg()\nputpmsg()\npwrite()\nread()\nreadv()\nrecv()\nrecvfrom()\nrecvmsg()\nselect()\nsemtimedwait()\nsemwait()\nsend()\nsendmsg()\nsendto()\nsigpause() [POSIX.1-2001 only (moves to \"may\" list in POSIX.1-2008)]\nsigsuspend()\nsigtimedwait()\nsigwait()\nsigwaitinfo()\nsleep()\nsystem()\ntcdrain()\nusleep() [POSIX.1-2001 only (function removed in POSIX.1-2008)]\nwait()\nwaitid()\nwaitpid()\nwrite()\nwritev()\n\nThe  following  functions  may  be  cancelation  points  according  to  POSIX.1-2001   and/or\nPOSIX.1-2008:\n\naccess()\nasctime()\nasctimer()\ncatclose()\ncatgets()\ncatopen()\nchmod() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nchown() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nclosedir()\ncloselog()\nctermid()\nctime()\nctimer()\ndbmclose()\ndbmdelete()\ndbmfetch()\ndbmnextkey()\ndbmopen()\ndbmstore()\ndlclose()\ndlopen()\ndprintf() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nendgrent()\nendhostent()\nendnetent()\nendprotoent()\nendpwent()\nendservent()\nendutxent()\nfaccessat() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nfchmod() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nfchmodat() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nfchown() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nfchownat() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nfclose()\nfcntl() (for any value of cmd argument)\nfflush()\nfgetc()\nfgetpos()\nfgets()\nfgetwc()\nfgetws()\nfmtmsg()\nfopen()\nfpathconf()\nfprintf()\nfputc()\nfputs()\nfputwc()\nfputws()\nfread()\nfreopen()\nfscanf()\nfseek()\nfseeko()\nfsetpos()\nfstat()\nfstatat() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nftell()\nftello()\nftw()\nfutimens() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nfwprintf()\nfwrite()\nfwscanf()\ngetaddrinfo()\ngetc()\ngetcunlocked()\ngetchar()\ngetcharunlocked()\ngetcwd()\ngetdate()\ngetdelim() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\ngetgrent()\ngetgrgid()\ngetgrgidr()\ngetgrnam()\ngetgrnamr()\ngethostbyaddr() [POSIX.1-2001 only (function removed in\nPOSIX.1-2008)]\ngethostbyname() [POSIX.1-2001 only (function removed in\nPOSIX.1-2008)]\ngethostent()\ngethostid()\ngethostname()\ngetline() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\ngetlogin()\ngetloginr()\ngetnameinfo()\ngetnetbyaddr()\ngetnetbyname()\ngetnetent()\ngetopt() (if opterr is nonzero)\ngetprotobyname()\ngetprotobynumber()\ngetprotoent()\ngetpwent()\ngetpwnam()\ngetpwnamr()\ngetpwuid()\ngetpwuidr()\ngets()\ngetservbyname()\ngetservbyport()\ngetservent()\ngetutxent()\ngetutxid()\ngetutxline()\ngetwc()\ngetwchar()\ngetwd() [POSIX.1-2001 only (function removed in POSIX.1-2008)]\nglob()\niconvclose()\niconvopen()\nioctl()\nlink()\nlinkat() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nliolistio() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nlocaltime()\nlocaltimer()\nlockf() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nlseek()\nlstat()\nmkdir() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nmkdirat() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nmkdtemp() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nmkfifo() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nmkfifoat() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nmknod() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nmknodat() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nmkstemp()\nmktime()\nnftw()\nopendir()\nopenlog()\npathconf()\npclose()\nperror()\npopen()\nposixfadvise()\nposixfallocate()\nposixmadvise()\nposixopenpt()\nposixspawn()\nposixspawnp()\nposixtraceclear()\nposixtraceclose()\nposixtracecreate()\nposixtracecreatewithlog()\nposixtraceeventtypelistgetnextid()\nposixtraceeventtypelistrewind()\nposixtraceflush()\nposixtracegetattr()\nposixtracegetfilter()\nposixtracegetstatus()\nposixtracegetnextevent()\nposixtraceopen()\nposixtracerewind()\nposixtracesetfilter()\nposixtraceshutdown()\nposixtracetimedgetnextevent()\nposixtypedmemopen()\nprintf()\npsiginfo() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\npsignal() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\npthreadrwlockrdlock()\npthreadrwlocktimedrdlock()\npthreadrwlocktimedwrlock()\npthreadrwlockwrlock()\nputc()\nputcunlocked()\nputchar()\nputcharunlocked()\nputs()\npututxline()\nputwc()\nputwchar()\nreaddir()\nreaddirr()\nreadlink() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nreadlinkat() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nremove()\nrename()\nrenameat() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nrewind()\nrewinddir()\nscandir() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nscanf()\nseekdir()\nsemop()\nsetgrent()\nsethostent()\nsetnetent()\nsetprotoent()\nsetpwent()\nsetservent()\nsetutxent()\nsigpause() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nstat()\nstrerror()\nstrerrorr()\nstrftime()\nsymlink()\nsymlinkat() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nsync()\nsyslog()\ntmpfile()\ntmpnam()\nttyname()\nttynamer()\ntzset()\nungetc()\nungetwc()\nunlink()\nunlinkat() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nutime() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nutimensat() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nutimes() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nvdprintf() [Added in POSIX.1-2008]\nvfprintf()\nvfwprintf()\nvprintf()\nvwprintf()\nwcsftime()\nwordexp()\nwprintf()\nwscanf()\n\nAn  implementation may also mark other functions not specified in the standard as cancelation\npoints.  In particular, an implementation is likely to mark any nonstandard function that may\nblock as a cancelation point.  (This includes most functions that can touch files.)\n\nIt should be noted that even if an application is not using  asynchronous  cancelation,  that\ncalling  a  function  from  the  above list from an asynchronous signal handler may cause the\nequivalent of asynchronous cancelation.  The underlying user code may not expect asynchronous\ncancelation and the state of the user data may become inconsistent.  Therefore signals should\nbe used with caution when entering a region of deferred cancelation.\n"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Compiling on Linux",
                    "content": "On Linux, programs that use the Pthreads API should be compiled using cc -pthread.\n"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Linux implementations of POSIX threads",
                    "content": "Over time, two threading implementations have been provided by the GNU C library on Linux:\n"
                },
                {
                    "name": "LinuxThreads",
                    "content": "This is the original Pthreads implementation.  Since glibc 2.4, this implementation is\nno longer supported.\n\nNPTL (Native POSIX Threads Library)\nThis is the modern Pthreads implementation.  By  comparison  with  LinuxThreads,  NPTL\nprovides  closer conformance to the requirements of the POSIX.1 specification and bet‐\nter performance when creating large numbers of threads.  NPTL is available since glibc\n2.3.2, and requires features that are present in the Linux 2.6 kernel.\n\nBoth of these are so-called 1:1 implementations, meaning that each thread maps  to  a  kernel\nscheduling entity.  Both threading implementations employ the Linux clone(2) system call.  In\nNPTL,  thread synchronization primitives (mutexes, thread joining, and so on) are implemented\nusing the Linux futex(2) system call.\n"
                },
                {
                    "name": "LinuxThreads",
                    "content": "The notable features of this implementation are the following:\n\n•  In addition to the main (initial) thread, and the threads that the program  creates  using\npthreadcreate(3),  the  implementation  creates  a \"manager\" thread.  This thread handles\nthread creation and termination.  (Problems can result if  this  thread  is  inadvertently\nkilled.)\n\n•  Signals  are  used  internally  by  the implementation.  On Linux 2.2 and later, the first\nthree real-time signals are used (see also signal(7)).  On older  Linux  kernels,  SIGUSR1\nand  SIGUSR2 are used.  Applications must avoid the use of whichever set of signals is em‐\nployed by the implementation.\n\n•  Threads do not share process IDs.  (In effect, LinuxThreads  threads  are  implemented  as\nprocesses which share more information than usual, but which do not share a common process\nID.)   LinuxThreads  threads  (including  the  manager  thread)  are  visible  as separate\nprocesses using ps(1).\n\nThe LinuxThreads implementation deviates from the POSIX.1 specification in a number of  ways,\nincluding the following:\n\n•  Calls to getpid(2) return a different value in each thread.\n\n•  Calls  to  getppid(2)  in  threads other than the main thread return the process ID of the\nmanager thread; instead getppid(2) in these threads should return the same value as  getp‐\npid(2) in the main thread.\n\n•  When  one  thread  creates a new child process using fork(2), any thread should be able to\nwait(2) on the child.  However, the implementation allows only the thread that created the\nchild to wait(2) on it.\n\n•  When a thread calls execve(2), all other threads are terminated (as required by  POSIX.1).\nHowever,  the  resulting  process has the same PID as the thread that called execve(2): it\nshould have the same PID as the main thread.\n\n•  Threads do not share user and group IDs.  This can cause  complications  with  set-user-ID\nprograms  and  can cause failures in Pthreads functions if an application changes its cre‐\ndentials using seteuid(2) or similar.\n\n•  Threads do not share a common session ID and process group ID.\n\n•  Threads do not share record locks created using fcntl(2).\n\n•  The information returned by times(2) and getrusage(2) is per-thread rather  than  process-\nwide.\n\n•  Threads do not share semaphore undo values (see semop(2)).\n\n•  Threads do not share interval timers.\n\n•  Threads do not share a common nice value.\n\n•  POSIX.1  distinguishes  the notions of signals that are directed to the process as a whole\nand signals that are directed to individual threads.  According to POSIX.1, a  process-di‐\nrected signal (sent using kill(2), for example) should be handled by a single, arbitrarily\nselected  thread within the process.  LinuxThreads does not support the notion of process-\ndirected signals: signals may be sent only to specific threads.\n\n•  Threads have distinct alternate signal stack settings.  However, a new thread's  alternate\nsignal stack settings are copied from the thread that created it, so that the threads ini‐\ntially share an alternate signal stack.  (A new thread should start with no alternate sig‐\nnal  stack  defined.  If two threads handle signals on their shared alternate signal stack\nat the same time, unpredictable program failures are likely to occur.)\n\nNPTL\nWith NPTL, all of the threads in a process are placed in the same thread group;  all  members\nof a thread group share the same PID.  NPTL does not employ a manager thread.\n\nNPTL  makes  internal use of the first two real-time signals; these signals cannot be used in\napplications.  See nptl(7) for further details.\n\nNPTL still has at least one nonconformance with POSIX.1:\n\n•  Threads do not share a common nice value.\n\nSome NPTL nonconformances occur only with older kernels:\n\n•  The information returned by times(2) and getrusage(2) is per-thread rather  than  process-\nwide (fixed in Linux 2.6.9).\n\n•  Threads do not share resource limits (fixed in Linux 2.6.10).\n\n•  Threads do not share interval timers (fixed in Linux 2.6.12).\n\n•  Only  the  main thread is permitted to start a new session using setsid(2) (fixed in Linux\n2.6.16).\n\n•  Only the main thread is permitted to make the process into a process  group  leader  using\nsetpgid(2) (fixed in Linux 2.6.16).\n\n•  Threads  have distinct alternate signal stack settings.  However, a new thread's alternate\nsignal stack settings are copied from the thread that created it, so that the threads ini‐\ntially share an alternate signal stack (fixed in Linux 2.6.16).\n\nNote the following further points about the NPTL implementation:\n\n•  If the stack size soft resource limit  (see  the  description  of  RLIMITSTACK  in  setr‐\nlimit(2))  is  set  to  a  value other than unlimited, then this value defines the default\nstack size for new threads.  To be effective, this limit must be set before the program is\nexecuted, perhaps using the ulimit -s shell built-in command (limit  stacksize  in  the  C\nshell).\n"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Determining the threading implementation",
                    "content": "Since glibc 2.3.2, the getconf(1) command can be used to determine the system's threading im‐\nplementation, for example:\n\nbash$ getconf GNULIBPTHREADVERSION\nNPTL 2.3.4\n\nWith  older glibc versions, a command such as the following should be sufficient to determine\nthe default threading implementation:\n\nbash$ $( ldd /bin/ls | grep libc.so | awk '{print $3}' ) | \\\negrep -i 'threads|nptl'\nNative POSIX Threads Library by Ulrich Drepper et al\n"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Selecting the threading implementation: LD_ASSUME_KERNEL",
                    "content": "On systems with a glibc that supports both LinuxThreads and NPTL  (i.e.,  glibc  2.3.x),  the\nLDASSUMEKERNEL  environment  variable  can be used to override the dynamic linker's default\nchoice of threading implementation.  This variable tells the dynamic linker to assume that it\nis running on top of a particular kernel version.  By specifying a kernel version  that  does\nnot  provide  the  support required by NPTL, we can force the use of LinuxThreads.  (The most\nlikely reason for doing this is to run a (broken) application that depends on some nonconfor‐\nmant behavior in LinuxThreads.)  For example:\n\nbash$ $( LDASSUMEKERNEL=2.2.5 ldd /bin/ls | grep libc.so | \\\nawk '{print $3}' ) | egrep -i 'threads|nptl'\nlinuxthreads-0.10 by Xavier Leroy\n"
                }
            ]
        },
        "SEE ALSO": {
            "content": "clone(2), fork(2), futex(2), gettid(2), proc(5), attributes(7), futex(7), nptl(7),\nsigevent(3type), signal(7)\n\nVarious Pthreads manual pages, for example: pthreadatfork(3), pthreadattrinit(3),\npthreadcancel(3), pthreadcleanuppush(3), pthreadcondsignal(3), pthreadcondwait(3),\npthreadcreate(3), pthreaddetach(3), pthreadequal(3), pthreadexit(3),\npthreadkeycreate(3), pthreadkill(3), pthreadmutexlock(3), pthreadmutexunlock(3),\npthreadmutexattrdestroy(3), pthreadmutexattrinit(3), pthreadonce(3),\npthreadspininit(3), pthreadspinlock(3), pthreadrwlockattrsetkindnp(3),\npthreadsetcancelstate(3), pthreadsetcanceltype(3), pthreadsetspecific(3),\npthreadsigmask(3), pthreadsigqueue(3), and pthreadtestcancel(3)\n\nLinux man-pages 6.7                          2023-10-31                                  pthreads(7)",
            "subsections": []
        }
    },
    "summary": "pthreads - POSIX threads",
    "flags": [],
    "examples": [],
    "see_also": [
        {
            "name": "clone",
            "section": "2",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/clone/2/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "fork",
            "section": "2",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/fork/2/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "futex",
            "section": "2",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/futex/2/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "gettid",
            "section": "2",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/gettid/2/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "proc",
            "section": "5",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/proc/5/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "attributes",
            "section": "7",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/attributes/7/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "futex",
            "section": "7",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/futex/7/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "nptl",
            "section": "7",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/nptl/7/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "sigevent",
            "section": "3type",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/sigevent/3type/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "signal",
            "section": "7",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/signal/7/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "pthreadatfork",
            "section": "3",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pthreadatfork/3/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "pthreadattrinit",
            "section": "3",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pthreadattrinit/3/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "pthreadcancel",
            "section": "3",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pthreadcancel/3/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "pthreadcleanuppush",
            "section": "3",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pthreadcleanuppush/3/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "pthreadcondsignal",
            "section": "3",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pthreadcondsignal/3/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "pthreadcondwait",
            "section": "3",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pthreadcondwait/3/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "pthreadcreate",
            "section": "3",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pthreadcreate/3/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "pthreaddetach",
            "section": "3",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pthreaddetach/3/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "pthreadequal",
            "section": "3",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pthreadequal/3/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "pthreadexit",
            "section": "3",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pthreadexit/3/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "pthreadkeycreate",
            "section": "3",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/pthreadkeycreate/3/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "pthreadkill",
            "section": "3",
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