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PERLUTIL(1) Perl Programmers Reference Guide PERLUTIL(1)
NAME
perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
DESCRIPTION
Along with the Perl interpreter itself, the Perl distribution installs a range of
utilities on your system. There are also several utilities which are used by the Perl
distribution itself as part of the install process. This document exists to list all of
these utilities, explain what they are for and provide pointers to each module's
documentation, if appropriate.
LIST OF UTILITIES
Documentation
perldoc
The main interface to Perl's documentation is "perldoc", although if you're reading
this, it's more than likely that you've already found it. perldoc will extract and
format the documentation from any file in the current directory, any Perl module
installed on the system, or any of the standard documentation pages, such as this one.
Use "perldoc <name>" to get information on any of the utilities described in this
document.
pod2man and pod2text
If it's run from a terminal, perldoc will usually call pod2man to translate POD (Plain
Old Documentation - see perlpod for an explanation) into a manpage, and then run man to
display it; if man isn't available, pod2text will be used instead and the output piped
through your favourite pager.
pod2html
As well as these two, there is another converter: pod2html will produce HTML pages from
POD.
pod2usage
If you just want to know how to use the utilities described here, pod2usage will just
extract the "USAGE" section; some of the utilities will automatically call pod2usage on
themselves when you call them with "-help".
podselect
pod2usage is a special case of podselect, a utility to extract named sections from
documents written in POD. For instance, while utilities have "USAGE" sections, Perl
modules usually have "SYNOPSIS" sections: "podselect -s "SYNOPSIS" ..." will extract
this section for a given file.
podchecker
If you're writing your own documentation in POD, the podchecker utility will look for
errors in your markup.
splain
splain is an interface to perldiag - paste in your error message to it, and it'll
explain it for you.
"roffitall"
The "roffitall" utility is not installed on your system but lives in the pod/ directory
of your Perl source kit; it converts all the documentation from the distribution to
*roff format, and produces a typeset PostScript or text file of the whole lot.
Converters
To help you convert legacy programs to more modern Perl, the pl2pm utility will help you
convert old-style Perl 4 libraries to new-style Perl5 modules.
Administration
libnetcfg
To display and change the libnet configuration run the libnetcfg command.
perlivp
The perlivp program is set up at Perl source code build time to test the Perl version
it was built under. It can be used after running "make install" (or your platform's
equivalent procedure) to verify that perl and its libraries have been installed
correctly.
Development
There are a set of utilities which help you in developing Perl programs, and in
particular, extending Perl with C.
perlbug
perlbug is the recommended way to report bugs in the perl interpreter itself or any of
the standard library modules back to the developers; please read through the
documentation for perlbug thoroughly before using it to submit a bug report.
perlthanks
This program provides an easy way to send a thank-you message back to the authors and
maintainers of perl. It's just perlbug installed under another name.
h2ph
Back before Perl had the XS system for connecting with C libraries, programmers used to
get library constants by reading through the C header files. You may still see "require
'syscall.ph'" or similar around - the .ph file should be created by running h2ph on the
corresponding .h file. See the h2ph documentation for more on how to convert a whole
bunch of header files at once.
h2xs
h2xs converts C header files into XS modules, and will try and write as much glue
between C libraries and Perl modules as it can. It's also very useful for creating
skeletons of pure Perl modules.
enc2xs
enc2xs builds a Perl extension for use by Encode from either Unicode Character Mapping
files (.ucm) or Tcl Encoding Files (.enc). Besides being used internally during the
build process of the Encode module, you can use enc2xs to add your own encoding to
perl. No knowledge of XS is necessary.
xsubpp
xsubpp is a compiler to convert Perl XS code into C code. It is typically run by the
makefiles created by ExtUtils::MakeMaker.
xsubpp will compile XS code into C code by embedding the constructs necessary to let C
functions manipulate Perl values and creates the glue necessary to let Perl access
those functions.
prove
prove is a command-line interface to the test-running functionality of Test::Harness.
It's an alternative to "make test".
corelist
A command-line front-end to "Module::CoreList", to query what modules were shipped with
given versions of perl.
General tools
A few general-purpose tools are shipped with perl, mostly because they came along modules
included in the perl distribution.
piconv
piconv is a Perl version of iconv, a character encoding converter widely available for
various Unixen today. This script was primarily a technology demonstrator for Perl
v5.8.0, but you can use piconv in the place of iconv for virtually any case.
ptar
ptar is a tar-like program, written in pure Perl.
ptardiff
ptardiff is a small utility that produces a diff between an extracted archive and an
unextracted one. (Note that this utility requires the "Text::Diff" module to function
properly; this module isn't distributed with perl, but is available from the CPAN.)
ptargrep
ptargrep is a utility to apply pattern matching to the contents of files in a tar
archive.
shasum
This utility, that comes with the "Digest::SHA" module, is used to print or verify SHA
checksums.
zipdetails
zipdetails displays information about the internal record structure of the zip file.
It is not concerned with displaying any details of the compressed data stored in the
zip file.
Installation
These utilities help manage extra Perl modules that don't come with the perl distribution.
cpan
cpan is a command-line interface to CPAN.pm. It allows you to install modules or
distributions from CPAN, or just get information about them, and a lot more. It is
similar to the command line mode of the CPAN module,
perl -MCPAN -e shell
instmodsh
A little interface to ExtUtils::Installed to examine installed modules, validate your
packlists and even create a tarball from an installed module.
SEE ALSO
perldoc, pod2man, perlpod, pod2html, pod2usage, podselect, podchecker, splain, perldiag,
"roffitall|roffitall", File::Find, pl2pm, perlbug, h2ph, h2xs, enc2xs, xsubpp, cpan,
instmodsh, piconv, prove, corelist, ptar, ptardiff, shasum, zipdetails
perl v5.30.0 2023-11-23 PERLUTIL(1)
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