{ "content": [ { "type": "text", "text": "# oqmgr (man)\n\n## NAME\n\noqmgr - old Postfix queue manager\n\n## SYNOPSIS\n\noqmgr [generic Postfix daemon options]\n\n## DESCRIPTION\n\nThe oqmgr(8) daemon awaits the arrival of incoming mail and arranges for its delivery via\nPostfix delivery processes. The actual mail routing strategy is delegated to the trivial-re-\nwrite(8) daemon. This program expects to be run from the master(8) process manager.\n\n## Sections\n\n- **NAME**\n- **SYNOPSIS**\n- **DESCRIPTION**\n- **MAIL QUEUES**\n- **DELIVERY STATUS REPORTS**\n- **STRATEGIES**\n- **TRIGGERS**\n- **STANDARDS**\n- **SECURITY**\n- **DIAGNOSTICS**\n- **BUGS**\n- **CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS**\n- **COMPATIBILITY CONTROLS**\n- **ACTIVE QUEUE CONTROLS**\n- **DELIVERY CONCURRENCY CONTROLS**\n- **RECIPIENT SCHEDULING CONTROLS**\n- **OTHER RESOURCE AND RATE CONTROLS**\n- **SAFETY CONTROLS**\n- **MISCELLANEOUS CONTROLS**\n- **FILES**\n- **SEE ALSO**\n- **README FILES**\n- **LICENSE**\n\nUse structuredContent.sections for detailed options, examples, and full documentation.\n" } ], "structuredContent": { "command": "oqmgr", "section": "", "mode": "man", "summary": "oqmgr - old Postfix queue manager", "synopsis": "oqmgr [generic Postfix daemon options]", "tldr_summary": null, "tldr_examples": [], "tldr_source": null, "flags": [], "examples": [], "see_also": [ { "name": "trivial-rewrite", "section": "8", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/trivial-rewrite/8/json" }, { "name": "bounce", "section": "8", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/bounce/8/json" }, { "name": "postconf", "section": "5", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/postconf/5/json" }, { "name": "master", "section": "5", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/master/5/json" }, { "name": "master", "section": "8", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/master/8/json" }, { "name": "postlogd", "section": "8", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/postlogd/8/json" }, { "name": "syslogd", "section": "8", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/syslogd/8/json" } ], "section_outline": [ { "name": "NAME", "lines": 2, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "SYNOPSIS", "lines": 2, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "DESCRIPTION", "lines": 7, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "MAIL QUEUES", "lines": 19, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "DELIVERY STATUS REPORTS", "lines": 15, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "STRATEGIES", "lines": 28, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "TRIGGERS", "lines": 29, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "STANDARDS", "lines": 3, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "SECURITY", "lines": 5, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "DIAGNOSTICS", "lines": 6, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "BUGS", "lines": 4, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS", "lines": 8, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "COMPATIBILITY CONTROLS", "lines": 12, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "ACTIVE QUEUE CONTROLS", "lines": 11, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "DELIVERY CONCURRENCY CONTROLS", "lines": 54, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "RECIPIENT SCHEDULING CONTROLS", "lines": 7, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "OTHER RESOURCE AND RATE CONTROLS", "lines": 46, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "SAFETY CONTROLS", "lines": 14, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "MISCELLANEOUS CONTROLS", "lines": 47, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "FILES", "lines": 7, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "SEE ALSO", "lines": 8, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "README FILES", "lines": 3, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "LICENSE", "lines": 14, "subsections": [] } ], "sections": { "NAME": { "content": "oqmgr - old Postfix queue manager\n", "subsections": [] }, "SYNOPSIS": { "content": "oqmgr [generic Postfix daemon options]\n", "subsections": [] }, "DESCRIPTION": { "content": "The oqmgr(8) daemon awaits the arrival of incoming mail and arranges for its delivery via\nPostfix delivery processes. The actual mail routing strategy is delegated to the trivial-re-\nwrite(8) daemon. This program expects to be run from the master(8) process manager.\n\nMail addressed to the local double-bounce address is logged and discarded. This stops poten-\ntial loops caused by undeliverable bounce notifications.\n", "subsections": [] }, "MAIL QUEUES": { "content": "The oqmgr(8) daemon maintains the following queues:\n\nincoming\nInbound mail from the network, or mail picked up by the local pickup(8) agent from the\nmaildrop directory.\n\nactive Messages that the queue manager has opened for delivery. Only a limited number of mes-\nsages is allowed to enter the active queue (leaky bucket strategy, for a fixed deliv-\nery rate).\n\ndeferred\nMail that could not be delivered upon the first attempt. The queue manager implements\nexponential backoff by doubling the time between delivery attempts.\n\ncorrupt\nUnreadable or damaged queue files are moved here for inspection.\n\nhold Messages that are kept \"on hold\" are kept here until someone sets them free.\n", "subsections": [] }, "DELIVERY STATUS REPORTS": { "content": "The oqmgr(8) daemon keeps an eye on per-message delivery status reports in the following di-\nrectories. Each status report file has the same name as the corresponding message file:\n\nbounce Per-recipient status information about why mail is bounced. These files are main-\ntained by the bounce(8) daemon.\n\ndefer Per-recipient status information about why mail is delayed. These files are main-\ntained by the defer(8) daemon.\n\ntrace Per-recipient status information as requested with the Postfix \"sendmail -v\" or \"send-\nmail -bv\" command. These files are maintained by the trace(8) daemon.\n\nThe oqmgr(8) daemon is responsible for asking the bounce(8), defer(8) or trace(8) daemons to\nsend delivery reports.\n", "subsections": [] }, "STRATEGIES": { "content": "The queue manager implements a variety of strategies for either opening queue files (input)\nor for message delivery (output).\n\nleaky bucket\nThis strategy limits the number of messages in the active queue and prevents the queue\nmanager from running out of memory under heavy load.\n\nfairness\nWhen the active queue has room, the queue manager takes one message from the incoming\nqueue and one from the deferred queue. This prevents a large mail backlog from block-\ning the delivery of new mail.\n\nslow start\nThis strategy eliminates \"thundering herd\" problems by slowly adjusting the number of\nparallel deliveries to the same destination.\n\nround robin\nThe queue manager sorts delivery requests by destination. Round-robin selection pre-\nvents one destination from dominating deliveries to other destinations.\n\nexponential backoff\nMail that cannot be delivered upon the first attempt is deferred. The time interval\nbetween delivery attempts is doubled after each attempt.\n\ndestination status cache\nThe queue manager avoids unnecessary delivery attempts by maintaining a short-term,\nin-memory list of unreachable destinations.\n", "subsections": [] }, "TRIGGERS": { "content": "On an idle system, the queue manager waits for the arrival of trigger events, or it waits for\na timer to go off. A trigger is a one-byte message. Depending on the message received, the\nqueue manager performs one of the following actions (the message is followed by the symbolic\nconstant used internally by the software):\n\nD (QMGRREQSCANDEFERRED)\nStart a deferred queue scan. If a deferred queue scan is already in progress, that\nscan will be restarted as soon as it finishes.\n\nI (QMGRREQSCANINCOMING)\nStart an incoming queue scan. If an incoming queue scan is already in progress, that\nscan will be restarted as soon as it finishes.\n\nA (QMGRREQSCANALL)\nIgnore deferred queue file time stamps. The request affects the next deferred queue\nscan.\n\nF (QMGRREQFLUSHDEAD)\nPurge all information about dead transports and destinations.\n\nW (TRIGGERREQWAKEUP)\nWakeup call, This is used by the master server to instantiate servers that should not\ngo away forever. The action is to start an incoming queue scan.\n\nThe oqmgr(8) daemon reads an entire buffer worth of triggers. Multiple identical trigger re-\nquests are collapsed into one, and trigger requests are sorted so that A and F precede D and\nI. Thus, in order to force a deferred queue run, one would request A F D; in order to notify\nthe queue manager of the arrival of new mail one would request I.\n", "subsections": [] }, "STANDARDS": { "content": "RFC 3463 (Enhanced status codes)\nRFC 3464 (Delivery status notifications)\n", "subsections": [] }, "SECURITY": { "content": "The oqmgr(8) daemon is not security sensitive. It reads single-character messages from un-\ntrusted local users, and thus may be susceptible to denial of service attacks. The oqmgr(8)\ndaemon does not talk to the outside world, and it can be run at fixed low privilege in a ch-\nrooted environment.\n", "subsections": [] }, "DIAGNOSTICS": { "content": "Problems and transactions are logged to the syslogd(8) or postlogd(8) daemon. Corrupted mes-\nsage files are saved to the corrupt queue for further inspection.\n\nDepending on the setting of the notifyclasses parameter, the postmaster is notified of\nbounces and of other trouble.\n", "subsections": [] }, "BUGS": { "content": "A single queue manager process has to compete for disk access with multiple front-end pro-\ncesses such as cleanup(8). A sudden burst of inbound mail can negatively impact outbound de-\nlivery rates.\n", "subsections": [] }, "CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS": { "content": "Changes to main.cf are not picked up automatically, as oqmgr(8) is a persistent process. Use\nthe command \"postfix reload\" after a configuration change.\n\nThe text below provides only a parameter summary. See postconf(5) for more details including\nexamples.\n\nIn the text below, transport is the first field in a master.cf entry.\n", "subsections": [] }, "COMPATIBILITY CONTROLS": { "content": "Available before Postfix version 2.5:\n\nallowminuser (no)\nAllow a sender or recipient address to have `-' as the first character.\n\nAvailable with Postfix version 2.7 and later:\n\ndefaultfilternexthop (empty)\nWhen a contentfilter or FILTER request specifies no explicit next-hop destination,\nuse $defaultfilternexthop instead; when that value is empty, use the domain in the\nrecipient address.\n", "subsections": [] }, "ACTIVE QUEUE CONTROLS": { "content": "qmgrclogwarntime (300s)\nThe minimal delay between warnings that a specific destination is clogging up the\nPostfix active queue.\n\nqmgrmessageactivelimit (20000)\nThe maximal number of messages in the active queue.\n\nqmgrmessagerecipientlimit (20000)\nThe maximal number of recipients held in memory by the Postfix queue manager, and the\nmaximal size of the short-term, in-memory \"dead\" destination status cache.\n", "subsections": [] }, "DELIVERY CONCURRENCY CONTROLS": { "content": "qmgrfudgefactor (100)\nObsolete feature: the percentage of delivery resources that a busy mail system will\nuse up for delivery of a large mailing list message.\n\ninitialdestinationconcurrency (5)\nThe initial per-destination concurrency level for parallel delivery to the same desti-\nnation.\n\ndefaultdestinationconcurrencylimit (20)\nThe default maximal number of parallel deliveries to the same destination.\n\ntransportdestinationconcurrencylimit ($defaultdestinationconcurrencylimit)\nA transport-specific override for the defaultdestinationconcurrencylimit parameter\nvalue, where transport is the master.cf name of the message delivery transport.\n\nAvailable in Postfix version 2.5 and later:\n\ntransportinitialdestinationconcurrency ($initialdestinationconcurrency)\nA transport-specific override for the initialdestinationconcurrency parameter value,\nwhere transport is the master.cf name of the message delivery transport.\n\ndefaultdestinationconcurrencyfailedcohortlimit (1)\nHow many pseudo-cohorts must suffer connection or handshake failure before a specific\ndestination is considered unavailable (and further delivery is suspended).\n\ntransportdestinationconcurrencyfailedcohortlimit ($defaultdestinationconcur-\nrencyfailedcohortlimit)\nA transport-specific override for the defaultdestinationconcurrencyfailedco-\nhortlimit parameter value, where transport is the master.cf name of the message de-\nlivery transport.\n\ndefaultdestinationconcurrencynegativefeedback (1)\nThe per-destination amount of delivery concurrency negative feedback, after a delivery\ncompletes with a connection or handshake failure.\n\ntransportdestinationconcurrencynegativefeedback ($defaultdestinationconcurrencynega-\ntivefeedback)\nA transport-specific override for the defaultdestinationconcurrencynegativefeed-\nback parameter value, where transport is the master.cf name of the message delivery\ntransport.\n\ndefaultdestinationconcurrencypositivefeedback (1)\nThe per-destination amount of delivery concurrency positive feedback, after a delivery\ncompletes without connection or handshake failure.\n\ntransportdestinationconcurrencypositivefeedback ($defaultdestinationconcurrencyposi-\ntivefeedback)\nA transport-specific override for the defaultdestinationconcurrencypositivefeed-\nback parameter value, where transport is the master.cf name of the message delivery\ntransport.\n\ndestinationconcurrencyfeedbackdebug (no)\nMake the queue manager's feedback algorithm verbose for performance analysis purposes.\n", "subsections": [] }, "RECIPIENT SCHEDULING CONTROLS": { "content": "defaultdestinationrecipientlimit (50)\nThe default maximal number of recipients per message delivery.\n\ntransportdestinationrecipientlimit ($defaultdestinationrecipientlimit)\nA transport-specific override for the defaultdestinationrecipientlimit parameter\nvalue, where transport is the master.cf name of the message delivery transport.\n", "subsections": [] }, "OTHER RESOURCE AND RATE CONTROLS": { "content": "minimalbackofftime (300s)\nThe minimal time between attempts to deliver a deferred message; prior to Postfix 2.4\nthe default value was 1000s.\n\nmaximalbackofftime (4000s)\nThe maximal time between attempts to deliver a deferred message.\n\nmaximalqueuelifetime (5d)\nConsider a message as undeliverable, when delivery fails with a temporary error, and\nthe time in the queue has reached the maximalqueuelifetime limit.\n\nqueuerundelay (300s)\nThe time between deferred queue scans by the queue manager; prior to Postfix 2.4 the\ndefault value was 1000s.\n\ntransportretrytime (60s)\nThe time between attempts by the Postfix queue manager to contact a malfunctioning\nmessage delivery transport.\n\nAvailable in Postfix version 2.1 and later:\n\nbouncequeuelifetime (5d)\nConsider a bounce message as undeliverable, when delivery fails with a temporary er-\nror, and the time in the queue has reached the bouncequeuelifetime limit.\n\nAvailable in Postfix version 2.5 and later:\n\ndefaultdestinationratedelay (0s)\nThe default amount of delay that is inserted between individual message deliveries to\nthe same destination and over the same message delivery transport.\n\ntransportdestinationratedelay ($defaultdestinationratedelay)\nA transport-specific override for the defaultdestinationratedelay parameter value,\nwhere transport is the master.cf name of the message delivery transport.\n\nAvailable in Postfix version 3.1 and later:\n\ndefaulttransportratedelay (0s)\nThe default amount of delay that is inserted between individual message deliveries\nover the same message delivery transport, regardless of destination.\n\ntransporttransportratedelay ($defaulttransportratedelay)\nA transport-specific override for the defaulttransportratedelay parameter value,\nwhere the initial transport in the parameter name is the master.cf name of the message\ndelivery transport.\n", "subsections": [] }, "SAFETY CONTROLS": { "content": "qmgrdaemontimeout (1000s)\nHow much time a Postfix queue manager process may take to handle a request before it\nis terminated by a built-in watchdog timer.\n\nqmgripctimeout (60s)\nThe time limit for the queue manager to send or receive information over an internal\ncommunication channel.\n\nAvailable in Postfix version 3.1 and later:\n\naddressverifypendingrequestlimit (see 'postconf -d' output)\nA safety limit that prevents address verification requests from overwhelming the Post-\nfix queue.\n", "subsections": [] }, "MISCELLANEOUS CONTROLS": { "content": "configdirectory (see 'postconf -d' output)\nThe default location of the Postfix main.cf and master.cf configuration files.\n\ndefertransports (empty)\nThe names of message delivery transports that should not deliver mail unless someone\nissues \"sendmail -q\" or equivalent.\n\ndelayloggingresolutionlimit (2)\nThe maximal number of digits after the decimal point when logging sub-second delay\nvalues.\n\nhelpfulwarnings (yes)\nLog warnings about problematic configuration settings, and provide helpful sugges-\ntions.\n\nprocessid (read-only)\nThe process ID of a Postfix command or daemon process.\n\nprocessname (read-only)\nThe process name of a Postfix command or daemon process.\n\nqueuedirectory (see 'postconf -d' output)\nThe location of the Postfix top-level queue directory.\n\nsyslogfacility (mail)\nThe syslog facility of Postfix logging.\n\nsyslogname (see 'postconf -d' output)\nA prefix that is prepended to the process name in syslog records, so that, for exam-\nple, \"smtpd\" becomes \"prefix/smtpd\".\n\nAvailable in Postfix version 3.0 and later:\n\nconfirmdelaycleared (no)\nAfter sending a \"your message is delayed\" notification, inform the sender when the de-\nlay clears up.\n\nAvailable in Postfix 3.3 and later:\n\nservicename (read-only)\nThe master.cf service name of a Postfix daemon process.\n\nAvailable in Postfix 3.5 and later:\n\ninfologaddressformat (external)\nThe email address form that will be used in non-debug logging (info, warning, etc.).\n", "subsections": [] }, "FILES": { "content": "/var/spool/postfix/incoming, incoming queue\n/var/spool/postfix/active, active queue\n/var/spool/postfix/deferred, deferred queue\n/var/spool/postfix/bounce, non-delivery status\n/var/spool/postfix/defer, non-delivery status\n/var/spool/postfix/trace, delivery status\n", "subsections": [] }, "SEE ALSO": { "content": "trivial-rewrite(8), address routing\nbounce(8), delivery status reports\npostconf(5), configuration parameters\nmaster(5), generic daemon options\nmaster(8), process manager\npostlogd(8), Postfix logging\nsyslogd(8), system logging\n", "subsections": [] }, "README FILES": { "content": "Use \"postconf readmedirectory\" or \"postconf htmldirectory\" to locate this information.\nQSHAPEREADME, Postfix queue analysis\n", "subsections": [] }, "LICENSE": { "content": "The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.\n\nAUTHOR(S)\nWietse Venema\nIBM T.J. Watson Research\nP.O. Box 704\nYorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA\n\nWietse Venema\nGoogle, Inc.\n111 8th Avenue\nNew York, NY 10011, USA\n\nOQMGR(8postfix)", "subsections": [] } } } }