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"text": "# od(1) (man)\n\n**Summary:** od - dump files in octal and other formats\n\n**Synopsis:** od [OPTION]... [FILE]...\nod [-abcdfilosx]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b]]\nod --traditional [OPTION]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b] [+][LABEL][.][b]]\n\n## Flags\n\n| Flag | Long | Arg | Description |\n|------|------|-----|-------------|\n| -A | --address-radix | — | output format for file offsets; RADIX is one of [doxn], for Decimal, Octal, Hex or None --endian={big|little} swap input |\n| -j | --skip-bytes | — | skip BYTES input bytes first |\n| -N | --read-bytes | — | limit dump to BYTES input bytes |\n| -S | --strings | — | output strings of at least BYTES graphic chars; 3 is implied when BYTES is not speci‐ fied |\n| -t | --format | — | select output format or formats |\n| -v | --output-duplicates | — | do not use * to mark line suppression |\n| — | --width | — | output BYTES bytes per output line; 32 is implied when BYTES is not specified |\n| — | --traditional | — | accept arguments in third form above --help display this help and exit |\n| — | --version | — | output version information and exit |\n| -t | — | — | |\n| -t | — | — | |\n| -t | — | — | |\n| -t | — | — | |\n| -t | — | — | |\n| -t | — | — | |\n| -t | — | — | |\n| -t | — | — | |\n| -t | — | — | |\n| -t | — | — | |\n\n## Examples\n\n- `Display hexdump format output`\n- `The default output format used by od`\n\n## Section Outline\n\n- **NAME** (2 lines)\n- **SYNOPSIS** (4 lines)\n- **DESCRIPTION** (13 lines) — 22 subsections\n - -A --address-radix (6 lines)\n - -j --skip-bytes (2 lines)\n - -N --read-bytes (2 lines)\n - -S --strings (3 lines)\n - -t --format (2 lines)\n - -v --output-duplicates (2 lines)\n - -w[BYTES] --width (2 lines)\n - --traditional (4 lines)\n - --version (2 lines)\n - Traditional format specifications may be intermixed; they ac (1 lines)\n - -a -t (1 lines)\n - -b -t (1 lines)\n - -c -t (1 lines)\n - -d -t (1 lines)\n - -f -t (1 lines)\n - -i -t (1 lines)\n - -l -t (1 lines)\n - -o -t (1 lines)\n - -s -t (1 lines)\n - -x -t (1 lines)\n - TYPE is made up of one or more of these specifications: (25 lines)\n - BYTES is hex with 0x or 0X prefix, and may have a multiplier (12 lines)\n- **EXAMPLES** (1 lines) — 2 subsections\n - od -A x -t x1z -v (2 lines)\n - od -A o -t oS -w16 (2 lines)\n- **AUTHOR** (2 lines)\n- **REPORTING BUGS** (3 lines)\n- **COPYRIGHT** (5 lines)\n- **SEE ALSO** (6 lines)\n\n## Full Content\n\n### NAME\n\nod - dump files in octal and other formats\n\n### SYNOPSIS\n\nod [OPTION]... [FILE]...\nod [-abcdfilosx]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b]]\nod --traditional [OPTION]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b] [+][LABEL][.][b]]\n\n### DESCRIPTION\n\nWrite an unambiguous representation, octal bytes by default, of FILE to standard output.\nWith more than one FILE argument, concatenate them in the listed order to form the input.\n\nWith no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\nIf first and second call formats both apply, the second format is assumed if the last operand\nbegins with + or (if there are 2 operands) a digit. An OFFSET operand means -j OFFSET. LA‐\nBEL is the pseudo-address at first byte printed, incremented when dump is progressing. For\nOFFSET and LABEL, a 0x or 0X prefix indicates hexadecimal; suffixes may be . for octal and b\nfor multiply by 512.\n\nMandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.\n\n#### -A --address-radix\n\noutput format for file offsets; RADIX is one of [doxn], for Decimal, Octal, Hex or\nNone\n\n--endian={big|little}\nswap input bytes according the specified order\n\n#### -j --skip-bytes\n\nskip BYTES input bytes first\n\n#### -N --read-bytes\n\nlimit dump to BYTES input bytes\n\n#### -S --strings\n\noutput strings of at least BYTES graphic chars; 3 is implied when BYTES is not speci‐\nfied\n\n#### -t --format\n\nselect output format or formats\n\n#### -v --output-duplicates\n\ndo not use * to mark line suppression\n\n#### -w[BYTES] --width\n\noutput BYTES bytes per output line; 32 is implied when BYTES is not specified\n\n#### --traditional\n\naccept arguments in third form above\n\n--help display this help and exit\n\n#### --version\n\noutput version information and exit\n\n#### Traditional format specifications may be intermixed; they accumulate:\n\n#### -a -t\n\n#### -b -t\n\n#### -c -t\n\n#### -d -t\n\n#### -f -t\n\n#### -i -t\n\n#### -l -t\n\n#### -o -t\n\n#### -s -t\n\n#### -x -t\n\n#### TYPE is made up of one or more of these specifications:\n\na named character, ignoring high-order bit\n\nc printable character or backslash escape\n\nd[SIZE]\nsigned decimal, SIZE bytes per integer\n\nf[SIZE]\nfloating point, SIZE bytes per float\n\no[SIZE]\noctal, SIZE bytes per integer\n\nu[SIZE]\nunsigned decimal, SIZE bytes per integer\n\nx[SIZE]\nhexadecimal, SIZE bytes per integer\n\nSIZE is a number. For TYPE in [doux], SIZE may also be C for sizeof(char), S for\nsizeof(short), I for sizeof(int) or L for sizeof(long). If TYPE is f, SIZE may also be F for\nsizeof(float), D for sizeof(double) or L for sizeof(long double).\n\nAdding a z suffix to any type displays printable characters at the end of each output line.\n\n#### BYTES is hex with 0x or 0X prefix, and may have a multiplier suffix:\n\nb 512\n\nKB 1000\n\nK 1024\n\nMB 1000*1000\n\nM 1024*1024\n\nand so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y. Binary prefixes can be used, too: KiB=K, MiB=M, and so on.\n\n### EXAMPLES\n\n#### od -A x -t x1z -v\n\nDisplay hexdump format output\n\n#### od -A o -t oS -w16\n\nThe default output format used by od\n\n### AUTHOR\n\nWritten by Jim Meyering.\n\n### REPORTING BUGS\n\nGNU coreutils online help: \nReport any translation bugs to \n\n### COPYRIGHT\n\nCopyright © 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later\n.\nThis is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to\nthe extent permitted by law.\n\n### SEE ALSO\n\nFull documentation \nor available locally via: info '(coreutils) od invocation'\n\n\n\nGNU coreutils 8.32 January 2026 OD(1)\n\n"
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"command": "od",
"section": "1",
"mode": "man",
"summary": "od - dump files in octal and other formats",
"synopsis": "od [OPTION]... [FILE]...\nod [-abcdfilosx]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b]]\nod --traditional [OPTION]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b] [+][LABEL][.][b]]",
"flags": [
{
"flag": "-A",
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"arg": null,
"description": "output format for file offsets; RADIX is one of [doxn], for Decimal, Octal, Hex or None --endian={big|little} swap input bytes according the specified order"
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{
"flag": "-j",
"long": "--skip-bytes",
"arg": null,
"description": "skip BYTES input bytes first"
},
{
"flag": "-N",
"long": "--read-bytes",
"arg": null,
"description": "limit dump to BYTES input bytes"
},
{
"flag": "-S",
"long": "--strings",
"arg": null,
"description": "output strings of at least BYTES graphic chars; 3 is implied when BYTES is not speci‐ fied"
},
{
"flag": "-t",
"long": "--format",
"arg": null,
"description": "select output format or formats"
},
{
"flag": "-v",
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"arg": null,
"description": "do not use * to mark line suppression"
},
{
"flag": "",
"long": "--width",
"arg": null,
"description": "output BYTES bytes per output line; 32 is implied when BYTES is not specified"
},
{
"flag": "",
"long": "--traditional",
"arg": null,
"description": "accept arguments in third form above --help display this help and exit"
},
{
"flag": "",
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{
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{
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],
"examples": [
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"The default output format used by od"
],
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{
"name": "SYNOPSIS",
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{
"name": "DESCRIPTION",
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{
"name": "-A --address-radix",
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"flag": "-A",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"name": "Traditional format specifications may be intermixed; they accumulate:",
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{
"name": "-d -t",
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{
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{
"name": "TYPE is made up of one or more of these specifications:",
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{
"name": "BYTES is hex with 0x or 0X prefix, and may have a multiplier suffix:",
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{
"name": "EXAMPLES",
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"name": "od -A x -t x1z -v",
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{
"name": "od -A o -t oS -w16",
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}
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{
"name": "AUTHOR",
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{
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