{ "content": [ { "type": "text", "text": "# mcdiff (man)\n\n**Summary:** mc - Visual shell for Unix-like systems.\n\n**Synopsis:** mc [-abcCdfhPstuUVx] [-l log] [dir1 [dir2]] [-e [file] ...] [-v file]\n\n## See Also\n\n- ed(1)\n- gpm(1)\n- terminfo(1)\n- view(1)\n- sh(1)\n- bash(1)\n- tcsh(1)\n- zsh(1)\n\n## Section Outline\n\n- **NAME** (2 lines)\n- **SYNOPSIS** (2 lines)\n- **DESCRIPTION** (2 lines)\n- **OPTIONS** (99 lines)\n- **Overview** (18 lines) — 1 subsections\n - Mouse Support (23 lines)\n- **Keys** (4 lines) — 117 subsections\n - C- (3 lines)\n - Alt- (3 lines)\n - S- (28 lines)\n - Redefine hotkey bindings (20 lines)\n - Miscellaneous Keys (47 lines)\n - Directory Panels (3 lines)\n - Tab, C-i (4 lines)\n - Insert, C-t (7 lines)\n - Alt-g, Alt-r, Alt-j (7 lines)\n - C-\\ (control-backslash) (2 lines)\n - + (plus) (9 lines)\n - \\ (backslash) (2 lines)\n - up-key, C-p (2 lines)\n - down-key, C-n (2 lines)\n - home, a1, Alt-< (2 lines)\n - end, c1, Alt-> (2 lines)\n - next-page, C-v (2 lines)\n - prev-page, Alt-v (11 lines)\n - C-PageUp, C-PageDown (9 lines)\n - Alt-S-h, Alt-H (2 lines)\n - Quick search (14 lines)\n - Shell Command Line (3 lines)\n - Alt-Enter (2 lines)\n - C-Enter (2 lines)\n - C-S-Enter (3 lines)\n - Alt-Tab (2 lines)\n - C-x t, C-x C-t (3 lines)\n - C-x p, C-x C-p (6 lines)\n - Alt-p, Alt-n (5 lines)\n - General Movement Keys (6 lines)\n - Up, C-p (2 lines)\n - Down, C-n (2 lines)\n - Prev Page, Page Up, Alt-v (2 lines)\n - Next Page, Page Down, C-v (2 lines)\n - Home, A1 (2 lines)\n - End, C1 (5 lines)\n - b, C-b, C-h, Backspace, Delete (2 lines)\n - Space bar (6 lines)\n - Input Line Keys (7 lines)\n - C-b, move-left (2 lines)\n - C-f, move-right (6 lines)\n - C-h, Backspace (2 lines)\n - C-d, Delete (13 lines)\n - Alt-p, Alt-n (3 lines)\n - Alt-C-h, Alt-Backspace (2 lines)\n - Alt-Tab (3 lines)\n - Menu Bar (14 lines)\n - Left and Right (Above and Below) Menus (4 lines)\n - Listing Format... (87 lines)\n - Quick View (4 lines)\n - Sort Order... (8 lines)\n - Filter... (4 lines)\n - Reread (3 lines)\n - File Menu (8 lines)\n - Help (F1) (5 lines)\n - Menu (F2) (3 lines)\n - View (F3, F13) (9 lines)\n - Filtered View (Alt-!) (3 lines)\n - Edit (F4, F14) (7 lines)\n - Copy (F5, F15) (15 lines)\n - Link (C-x l) (2 lines)\n - Absolute symlink (C-x s) (2 lines)\n - Relative symLink (C-x v) (36 lines)\n - Rename/Move (F6, F16) (12 lines)\n - Mkdir (F7) (2 lines)\n - Delete (F8) (6 lines)\n - Select group (+) (9 lines)\n - Unselect group (\\) (2 lines)\n - Quit (F10, S-F10) (4 lines)\n - Quick cd (5 lines)\n - Command Menu (35 lines)\n - Directory Tree (19 lines)\n - C-r, F2 (Rescan). (3 lines)\n - F3 (Forget). (4 lines)\n - F4 (Static/Dynamic). (10 lines)\n - F5 (Copy). (2 lines)\n - F6 (RenMov). (2 lines)\n - F7 (Mkdir). (2 lines)\n - F8 (Delete). (2 lines)\n - C-s, Alt-s. (3 lines)\n - C-h, Backspace. (2 lines)\n - Any other character. (7 lines)\n - F1 (Help). (2 lines)\n - Esc, F10. (5 lines)\n - Find File (41 lines)\n - External panelize (21 lines)\n - Hotlist (10 lines)\n - Edit Extension File (40 lines)\n - Background Jobs (4 lines)\n - Edit Menu File (50 lines)\n - Default Conditions (55 lines)\n - Addition Conditions (12 lines)\n - Options Menu (29 lines)\n - Configuration (3 lines)\n - File operation options (21 lines)\n - Esc key mode. (13 lines)\n - Pause after run (13 lines)\n - Other options (51 lines)\n - Layout (4 lines)\n - Panel split (7 lines)\n - Console output (3 lines)\n - Other options (19 lines)\n - Panel options (1 lines)\n - Main panel options (41 lines)\n - Navigation (16 lines)\n - File highlight (7 lines)\n - Quick search (3 lines)\n - Confirmation (4 lines)\n - Appearance (7 lines)\n - Display bits (5 lines)\n - Learn keys (25 lines)\n - Virtual FS (55 lines)\n - Save Setup (16 lines)\n - Executing operating system commands (9 lines)\n - The cd internal command (23 lines)\n - Macro Substitution (65 lines)\n - The subshell support (38 lines)\n- **Chmod** (36 lines)\n- **Chown** (3 lines) — 1 subsections\n - Advanced Chown (3 lines)\n- **Chattr** (30 lines) — 28 subsections\n - File Operations (33 lines)\n - Mask Copy/Rename (8 lines)\n - Follow links (4 lines)\n - Dive into subdirs (10 lines)\n - Preserve attributes (4 lines)\n - Use shell patterns (16 lines)\n - Use shell patterns off (13 lines)\n - Case Conversions (16 lines)\n - Stable symlinks (7 lines)\n - Select/Unselect Files (10 lines)\n - Internal Diff Viewer (20 lines)\n - F10, Esc, q (2 lines)\n - Alt-s, s (2 lines)\n - Alt-n, l (12 lines)\n - 2, 3, 4, 8 (8 lines)\n - Enter, Space, n (2 lines)\n - Backspace, p (10 lines)\n - PageDown (2 lines)\n - Home, A1 (6 lines)\n - C-End, C1 (2 lines)\n - Internal File Viewer (29 lines)\n - F7, /, ? (21 lines)\n - F10, Esc. (2 lines)\n - PageDown, space, C-v. (2 lines)\n - PageUp, Alt-v, C-b, Backspace. (28 lines)\n - Internal File Editor (41 lines)\n - Options of editor in ini-file (8 lines)\n - Screen selector (14 lines)\n- **Completion** (26 lines) — 10 subsections\n - Virtual File System (20 lines)\n - FTP File System (25 lines)\n - Tar File System (17 lines)\n - FIle transfer over SHell filesystem (27 lines)\n - SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) filesystem (33 lines)\n - Undelete File System (17 lines)\n - SMB File System (17 lines)\n - EXTernal File System (48 lines)\n - patchfs (6 lines)\n - ulha, urar, uzip, uzoo, uar, uha (8 lines)\n- **Colors** (88 lines)\n- **Skins** (35 lines) — 9 subsections\n - Description of section and parameters (128 lines)\n - Color pair definitions (21 lines)\n - Color and attribute aliases (13 lines)\n - Draw lines (49 lines)\n - Compatibility (6 lines)\n - Filenames Highlight (37 lines)\n - Special Settings (106 lines)\n - Parameters for external editor or viewer (27 lines)\n - Terminal databases (45 lines)\n- **FILES** (60 lines)\n- **LICENSE** (4 lines)\n- **AVAILABILITY** (2 lines)\n- **SEE ALSO** (5 lines)\n- **AUTHORS** (2 lines)\n- **BUGS** (12 lines)\n\n## Full Content\n\n### NAME\n\nmc - Visual shell for Unix-like systems.\n\n### SYNOPSIS\n\nmc [-abcCdfhPstuUVx] [-l log] [dir1 [dir2]] [-e [file] ...] [-v file]\n\n### DESCRIPTION\n\nGNU Midnight Commander is a directory browser/file manager for Unix-like operating systems.\n\n### OPTIONS\n\n-a, --stickchars\nDisable usage of graphic characters for line drawing.\n\n-b, --nocolor\nForce black and white display.\n\n-c, --color\nForce color mode, please check the section Colors for more information.\n\n-C arg, --colors=arg\nSpecify a different color set in the command line. The format of arg is documented in\nthe Colors section.\n\n--configure-options\nDisplay configure options.\n\n-d, --nomouse\nDisable mouse support.\n\n-D N, --debuglevel=N\nSave the debug level for SMB VFS. N is in 0-10 range.\n\n-e [file], --edit[=file]\nStart the internal editor. If the file is specified, open it on startup. See also\nmcedit (1).\n\n-f, --datadir\nDisplay the compiled-in search paths for Midnight Commander files.\n\n-F, --datadir-info\nDisplay extended info about compiled-in paths for Midnight Commander.\n\n-g, --oldmouse\nForce a \"normal tracking\" mouse mode. Used when running on xterm-capable terminals\n(tmux/screen).\n\n-k, --resetsoft\nReset softkeys to their default from the termcap/terminfo database. Only useful on HP\nterminals when the function keys don't work.\n\n-K file, --keymap=file\nSpecify a name of keymap file in the command line.\n\n-l file, --ftplog=file\nSave the ftpfs dialog with the server in file.\n\n--nokeymap\nDon't load key bindings from any file, use default hardcoded keys.\n\n-P file, --printwd=file\nPrint the last working directory to the specified file. This option is not meant to\nbe used directly. Instead, it's used from a special shell script that automatically\nchanges the current directory of the shell to the last directory Midnight Commander\nwas in. Source the file /usr/lib/mc/mc.sh (bash and zsh users) or /usr/lib/mc.csh\n(tcsh users) respectively to define mc as an alias to the appropriate shell script.\n\n-s, --slow\nTurn on the slow terminal mode, in this mode the program will not draw expensive line\ndrawing characters and will toggle verbose mode off.\n\n-S arg, --skin=arg\nSpecify a name of skin in the command line. Technology of skins is documented in the\nSkins section.\n\n-t, --termcap\nUsed only if the code was compiled with S-Lang and terminfo: it makes Midnight Comman‐\nder use the value of the TERMCAP variable for the terminal information instead of the\ninformation on the system wide terminal database\n\n-u, --nosubshell\nDisable use of the concurrent shell (only makes sense if Midnight Commander has been\nbuilt with concurrent shell support).\n\n-U, --subshell\nEnable use of the concurrent shell support (only makes sense if the Midnight Commander\nwas built with the subshell support set as an optional feature).\n\n-v file, --view=file\nStart the internal viewer to view the specified file. See also mcview (1).\n\n-V, --version\nDisplay the version of the program.\n\n-x, --xterm\nForce xterm mode. Used when running on xterm-capable terminals (two screen modes, and\nable to send mouse escape sequences).\n\n-X, --no-x11\nDo not use X11 to get the state of modifiers Alt, Ctrl, Shift\n\nIf both paths are specified, the first path name is the directory to show in the active\npanel; the second path name is the directory to be shown in the other panel.\n\nIf one path is specified, the path name is the directory to show in the active panel; value\nof \"otherdir\" from panels.ini is the directory to be shown in the passive panel.\n\nIf no paths are specified, current directory is shown in the active panel; value of\n\"otherdir\" from panels.ini is the directory to be shown in the passive panel.\n\n### Overview\n\nThe screen of Midnight Commander is divided into four parts. Almost all of the screen space\nis taken up by two directory panels. By default, the second line from the bottom of the\nscreen is the shell command line, and the bottom line shows the function key labels. The\ntopmost line is the menu bar line. The menu bar line may not be visible, but appears if you\nclick the topmost line with the mouse or press the F9 key.\n\nMidnight Commander provides a view of two directories at the same time. One of the panels is\nthe current panel (a selection bar is in the current panel). Almost all operations take place\non the current panel. Some file operations like Rename and Copy by default use the directory\nof the unselected panel as a destination (don't worry, they always ask you for confirmation\nfirst). For more information, see the sections on the Directory Panels, the Left and Right\nMenus and the File Menu.\n\nYou can execute system commands from Midnight Commander by simply typing them. Everything you\ntype will appear on the shell command line, and when you press Enter, Midnight Commander will\nexecute the command line you typed; read the Shell Command Line and Input Line Keys sections\nto learn more about the command line.\n\n#### Mouse Support\n\nMidnight Commander comes with mouse support. It is activated whenever you are running on an\nxterm(1) terminal (it even works if you take a telnet, ssh or rlogin connection to another\nmachine from the xterm) or if you are running on a Linux console and have the gpm mouse\nserver running.\n\nWhen you left click on a file in the directory panels, that file is selected; if you click\nwith the right button, the file is marked (or unmarked, depending on the previous state).\n\nDouble-clicking on a file will try to execute the command if it is an executable program; and\nif the extension file has a program specified for the file's extension, the specified program\nis executed.\n\nAlso, it is possible to execute the commands assigned to the function key labels by clicking\non them.\n\nThe default auto repeat rate for the mouse buttons is 400 milliseconds. This may be changed\nto other values by editing the ~/.config/mc/ini file and changing the mouserepeatrate pa‐\nrameter.\n\nIf you are running Midnight Commander with the mouse support, you can get the default mouse\nbehavior (cutting and pasting text) by holding down the Shift key.\n\n### Keys\n\nSome commands in Midnight Commander involve the use of the Control (sometimes labeled CTRL or\nCTL) and the Meta (sometimes labeled ALT or even Compose) keys. In this manual we will use\nthe following abbreviations:\n\n#### C-\n\nmeans hold the Control key while typing the character . Thus C-f would be: hold\nthe Control key and type f.\n\n#### Alt-\n\nmeans hold the Meta or Alt key down while typing . If there is no Meta or Alt\nkey, type Esc, release it, then type the character .\n\n#### S-\n\nmeans hold the Shift key down while typing .\n\nAll input lines in Midnight Commander use an approximation to the GNU Emacs editor's key\nbindings (default).\n\nYou may redefine key bindings. See redefine hotkey bindings\n\nfor more info. All other key bindings (described in this manual) are relative to default be‐\nhavior.\n\n\nThere are many sections which tell about the keys. The following are the most important.\n\nThe File Menu section documents the keyboard shortcuts for the commands appearing in the File\nmenu. This section includes the function keys. Most of these commands perform some action,\nusually on the selected file or the tagged files.\n\nThe Directory Panels section documents the keys which select a file or tag files as a target\nfor a later action (the action is usually one from the file menu).\n\nThe Shell Command Line section list the keys which are used for entering and editing command\nlines. Most of these copy file names and such from the directory panels to the command line\n(to avoid excessive typing) or access the command line history.\n\nInput Line Keys are used for editing input lines. This means both the command line and the\ninput lines in the query dialogs.\n\n#### Redefine hotkey bindings\n\nHotkey bindings may be read from external file (keymap-file). Initially, Midnight Commander\ncreates key bindings using keymap defined in the source code. Then, two files\n/usr/share/mc/mc.keymap and /etc/mc/mc.keymap are loaded always, sequentially reassigned key\nbindings defined earlier. User-defined keymap-file is searched on the following algorithm\n(to the first one found):\n\n1) command line option -K or --keymap=\n2) Environment variable MCKEYMAP\n3) Parameter keymap in section [Midnight-Commander] of config file.\n4) File ~/.config/mc/mc.keymap\n\nCommand line option, environment variable and parameter in config file may contain the abso‐\nlute path to the keymap-file (with the extension .keymap or without it). Search of\nkeymap-file will occur in (to the first one found):\n\n1) ~/.config/mc\n2) /etc/mc/\n3) /usr/share/mc/\n\n#### Miscellaneous Keys\n\nHere are some keys which don't fall into any of the other categories:\n\nEnter if there is some text in the command line (the one at the bottom of the panels), then\nthat command is executed. If there is no text in the command line then if the selec‐\ntion bar is over a directory the Midnight Commander does a chdir(2) to the selected\ndirectory and reloads the information on the panel; if the selection is an executable\nfile then it is executed. Finally, if the extension of the selected file name matches\none of the extensions in the extensions file then the corresponding command is exe‐\ncuted.\n\nC-l repaint all the information in Midnight Commander.\n\nC-x c run the Chmod command on a file or on the tagged files.\n\nC-x o run the Chown command on the current file or on the tagged files.\n\nC-x l run the hard link command.\n\nC-x s run the absolute symbolic link command.\n\nC-x v run the relative symbolic link command. See the File Menu section for more information\nabout symbolic links.\n\nC-x i set the other panel display mode to information.\n\nC-x q set the other panel display mode to quick view.\n\nC-x ! execute the External panelize command.\n\nC-x h run the add directory to hotlist command.\n\nAlt-! executes the Filtered view command, described in the view command.\n\nAlt-? executes the Find file command.\n\nAlt-c pops up the quick cd dialog.\n\nC-o when the program is being run in the Linux or FreeBSD console or under an xterm, it\nwill show you the output of the previous command. When ran on the Linux console, Mid‐\nnight Commander uses an external program (cons.saver) to handle saving and restoring\nof information on the screen.\n\nWhen the subshell support is compiled in, you can type C-o at any time and you will be taken\nback to Midnight Commander's main screen, to return to your application just type C-o. If\nyou have an application suspended by using this trick, you won't be able to execute other\nprograms from Midnight Commander until you terminate the suspended application.\n\n#### Directory Panels\n\nThis section lists the keys which operate on the directory panels. If you want to know how to\nchange the appearance of the panels take a look at the section on Left and Right Menus.\n\n#### Tab, C-i\n\nchange the current panel. The old other panel becomes the new current panel and the\nold current panel becomes the new other panel. The selection bar moves from the old\ncurrent panel to the new current panel.\n\n#### Insert, C-t\n\nto tag files you may use the Insert key (the kich1 terminfo sequence). To untag\nfiles, just retag a tagged file.\n\nAlt-e to change charset of panel you may use Alt-e (M-e). Recoding is made from selected\ncodepage into system codepage. To cancel the recoding, select \"No translation\" in the\ndialog of encodings.\n\n#### Alt-g, Alt-r, Alt-j\n\nused to select the top file in a panel, the middle file and the bottom one, respec‐\ntively.\n\nAlt-t toggle the current display listing to show the next display listing format. With this\nit is possible to quickly switch to brief listing, long listing, user defined listing\nformat, and back to the default.\n\n#### C-\\ (control-backslash)\n\nshow the directory hotlist and change to the selected directory.\n\n#### + (plus)\n\nthis is used to select (tag) a group of files. Midnight Commander will prompt for a\nselection options. When Files only checkbox is on, only files will be selected. If\nFiles only is off, as files as directories will be selected. When Shell Patterns\ncheckbox is on, the regular expression is much like the filename globbing in the shell\n(* standing for zero or more characters and ? standing for one character). If Shell\nPatterns is off, then the tagging of files is done with normal regular expressions\n(see ed (1)). When Case sensitive checkbox is on, the selection will be case sensitive\ncharacters. If Case sensitive is off, the case will be ignored.\n\n#### \\ (backslash)\n\nuse the \"\\\" key to unselect a group of files. This is the opposite of the Plus key.\n\n#### up-key, C-p\n\nmove the selection bar to the previous entry in the panel.\n\n#### down-key, C-n\n\nmove the selection bar to the next entry in the panel.\n\n#### home, a1, Alt-<\n\nmove the selection bar to the first entry in the panel.\n\n#### end, c1, Alt->\n\nmove the selection bar to the last entry in the panel.\n\n#### next-page, C-v\n\nmove the selection bar one page down.\n\n#### prev-page, Alt-v\n\nmove the selection bar one page up.\n\nAlt-o If the currently selected file is a directory, load that directory on the other panel\nand moves the selection to the next file. If the currently selected file is not a di‐\nrectory, load the parent directory on the other panel and moves the selection to the\nnext file.\n\nAlt-i make the current directory of the current panel also the current directory of the\nother panel. Put the other panel to the listing mode if needed. If the current panel\nis panelized, the other panel doesn't become panelized.\n\n#### C-PageUp, C-PageDown\n\nonly when supported by the terminal: change to \"..\" and to the currently selected di‐\nrectory respectively.\n\nAlt-y moves to the previous directory in the history, equivalent to clicking the < with the\nmouse.\n\nAlt-u moves to the next directory in the history, equivalent to clicking the > with the\nmouse.\n\n#### Alt-S-h, Alt-H\n\ndisplays the directory history, equivalent to depressing the 'v' with the mouse.\n\n#### Quick search\n\nThe Quick search mode allows you to perform fast file search in file panel. Press C-s or\nAlt-s to start a filename search in the directory listing.\n\nWhen the search is active, the user input will be added to the search string instead of the\ncommand line. If the Show mini-status option is enabled the search string is shown on the\nmini-status line. When typing, the selection bar will move to the next file starting with the\ntyped letters. The Backspace or DEL keys can be used to correct typing mistakes. If C-s is\npressed again, the next match is searched for.\n\nIf quick search is started with double pressing of C-s, the previous quick search pattern\nwill be used for current search.\n\nBesides the filename characters, you can also use wildcard characters '*' and '?'.\n\n#### Shell Command Line\n\nThis section lists keys which are useful to avoid excessive typing when entering shell com‐\nmands.\n\n#### Alt-Enter\n\ncopy the currently selected file name to the command line.\n\n#### C-Enter\n\nsame a Alt-Enter. May not work on remote systems and some terminals.\n\n#### C-S-Enter\n\ncopy the full path name of the currently selected file to the command line. May not\nwork on remote systems and some terminals.\n\n#### Alt-Tab\n\ndoes the filename, command, variable, username and hostname completion for you.\n\n#### C-x t, C-x C-t\n\ncopy the tagged files (or if there are no tagged files, the selected file) of the cur‐\nrent panel (C-x t) or of the other panel (C-x C-t) to the command line.\n\n#### C-x p, C-x C-p\n\nthe first key sequence copies the current path name to the command line, and the sec‐\nond one copies the unselected panel's path name to the command line.\n\nC-q the quote command can be used to insert characters that are otherwise interpreted by\nMidnight Commander (like the '+' symbol)\n\n#### Alt-p, Alt-n\n\nuse these keys to browse through the command history. Alt-p takes you to the last en‐\ntry, Alt-n takes you to the next one.\n\nAlt-h displays the history for the current input line.\n\n#### General Movement Keys\n\nThe help viewer, the file viewer and the directory tree use common code to handle moving.\nTherefore they accept exactly the same keys. Each of them also accepts some keys of its own.\n\nOther parts of Midnight Commander use some of the same movement keys, so this section may be\nof use for those parts too.\n\n#### Up, C-p\n\nmoves one line backward.\n\n#### Down, C-n\n\nmoves one line forward.\n\n#### Prev Page, Page Up, Alt-v\n\nmoves one page up.\n\n#### Next Page, Page Down, C-v\n\nmoves one page down.\n\n#### Home, A1\n\nmoves to the beginning.\n\n#### End, C1\n\nmove to the end.\n\nThe help viewer and the file viewer accept the following keys in addition the to ones men‐\ntioned above:\n\n#### b, C-b, C-h, Backspace, Delete\n\nmoves one page up.\n\n#### Space bar\n\nmoves one page down.\n\nu, d moves one half of a page up or down.\n\ng, G moves to the beginning or to the end.\n\n#### Input Line Keys\n\nThe input lines (they are used for the command line and for the query dialogs in the program)\naccept these keys:\n\nC-a puts the cursor at the beginning of line.\n\nC-e puts the cursor at the end of the line.\n\n#### C-b, move-left\n\nmove the cursor one position left.\n\n#### C-f, move-right\n\nmove the cursor one position right.\n\nAlt-f moves one word forward.\n\nAlt-b moves one word backward.\n\n#### C-h, Backspace\n\ndelete the previous character.\n\n#### C-d, Delete\n\ndelete the character in the point (over the cursor).\n\nC-@ sets the mark for cutting.\n\nC-w copies the text between the cursor and the mark to a kill buffer and removes the text\nfrom the input line.\n\nAlt-w copies the text between the cursor and the mark to a kill buffer.\n\nC-y yanks back the contents of the kill buffer.\n\nC-k kills the text from the cursor to the end of the line.\n\n#### Alt-p, Alt-n\n\nUse these keys to browse through the command history. Alt-p takes you to the last en‐\ntry, Alt-n takes you to the next one.\n\n#### Alt-C-h, Alt-Backspace\n\ndelete one word backward.\n\n#### Alt-Tab\n\ndoes the filename, command, variable, username and hostname completion for you.\n\n#### Menu Bar\n\nThe menu bar pops up when you press F9 or click the mouse on the top row of the screen. The\nmenu bar has five menus: \"Left\", \"File\", \"Command\", \"Options\" and \"Right\".\n\nThe Left and Right Menus allow you to modify the appearance of the left and right directory\npanels.\n\nThe File Menu lists the actions you can perform on the currently selected file or the tagged\nfiles.\n\nThe Command Menu lists the actions which are more general and bear no relation to the cur‐\nrently selected file or the tagged files.\n\nThe Options Menu lists the actions which allow you to customize Midnight Commander.\n\n#### Left and Right (Above and Below) Menus\n\nThe outlook of the directory panels can be changed from the Left and Right menus (they are\nnamed Above and Below when the horizontal panel split is chosen from the Layout options dia‐\nlog).\n\n#### Listing Format...\n\nThe listing mode view is used to display a listing of files, there are four different listing\nformats available: Full, Brief, Long and User. The full directory view shows the file name,\nthe size of the file and the modification time.\n\nThe brief view shows only the file name and it has from 1 up to 9 columns (therefore showing\nmore files unlike other views). The long view is similar to the output of ls -l command. The\nlong view takes the whole screen width.\n\nIf you choose the \"User\" display format, then you have to specify the display format.\n\nThe user display format must start with a panel size specifier. This may be \"half\" or\n\"full\", and they specify a half screen panel and a full screen panel respectively.\n\nAfter the panel size, you may specify how many listings to fit in the panel, side-by-side (in\nother words: how many times to repeat the fields horizontally). This defaults to 1. You may\nchange this by adding a number from 1 to 9 to the format string.\n\nAfter this you add the name of the fields with an optional size specifier. This are the\navailable fields you may display:\n\nname displays the file name.\n\nsize displays the file size.\n\nbsize is an alternative form of the size format. It displays the size of the files and for\ndirectories it just shows SUB-DIR or UP--DIR.\n\ntype displays a one character wide type field. This character is similar to what is dis‐\nplayed by ls with the -F flag - * for executable files, / for directories, @ for\nlinks, = for sockets, - for character devices, + for block devices, | for pipes, ~ for\nsymbolic links to directories and ! for stale symlinks (links that point nowhere).\n\nmark an asterisk if the file is tagged, a space if it's not.\n\nmtime file's last modification time.\n\natime file's last access time.\n\nctime file's status change time.\n\nperm a string representing the current permission bits of the file.\n\nmode an octal value with the current permission bits of the file.\n\nnlink the number of links to the file.\n\nngid the GID (numeric).\n\nnuid the UID (numeric).\n\nowner the owner of the file.\n\ngroup the group of the file.\n\ninode the inode of the file.\n\nAlso you can use following keywords to define the panel layout:\n\nspace a space in the display format.\n\n| add a vertical line to the display format.\n\nTo force one field to a fixed size (a size specifier), you just add : followed by the number\nof characters you want the field to have. If the number is followed by the symbol +, then\nthe size specifies the minimal field size - if the program finds out that there is more space\non the screen, it will then expand that field.\n\nFor example, the Full display corresponds to this format:\n\nhalf type name | size | mtime\n\nAnd the Long display corresponds to this format:\n\nfull perm space nlink space owner space group space size space mtime space name\n\nThis is a nice user display format:\n\nhalf name | size:7 | type mode:3\n\nPanels may also be set to the following modes:\n\nInfo The info view display information related to the currently selected file and if possi‐\nble information about the current file system.\n\nTree The tree view is quite similar to the directory tree feature. See the section about it\nfor more information.\n\n#### Quick View\n\nIn this mode, the panel will switch to a reduced viewer that displays the contents of\nthe currently selected file, if you select the panel (with the tab key or the mouse),\nyou will have access to the usual viewer commands.\n\n#### Sort Order...\n\nThe eight sort orders are by name, by extension, by modification time, by access time, and by\ninode information modification time, by size, by inode and unsorted. In the Sort order dia‐\nlog box you can choose the sort order and you may also specify if you want to sort in reverse\norder by checking the reverse box.\n\nBy default directories are sorted before files but this can be changed from the Panel options\nmenu (option Mix all files).\n\n#### Filter...\n\nThe filter command allows you to specify a shell pattern (for example *.tar.gz) which the\nfiles must match to be shown. Regardless of the filter pattern, the directories and the links\nto directories are always shown in the directory panel.\n\n#### Reread\n\nThe reread command reload the list of files in the directory. It is useful if other processes\nhave created or removed files.\n\n#### File Menu\n\nMidnight Commander uses the F1 - F10 keys as keyboard shortcuts for commands appearing in the\nfile menu. The escape sequences for the function keys are terminfo capabilities kf1 trough\nkf10. On terminals without function key support, you can achieve the same functionality by\npressing the Esc key and then a number in the range 1 through 9 and 0 (corresponding to F1 to\nF9 and F10 respectively).\n\nThe File menu has the following commands (keyboard shortcuts in parentheses):\n\n#### Help (F1)\n\nInvokes the built-in hypertext help viewer. Inside the help viewer, you can use the Tab key\nto select the next link and the Enter key to follow that link. The keys Space and Backspace\nare used to move forward and backward in a help page. Press F1 again to get the full list of\naccepted keys.\n\n#### Menu (F2)\n\nInvoke the user menu. The user menu provides an easy way to provide users with a menu and\nadd extra features to Midnight Commander.\n\n#### View (F3, F13)\n\nView the currently selected file. By default this invokes the Internal File Viewer but if the\noption \"Use internal view\" is off, it invokes an external file viewer specified by the VIEWER\nenvironment variable. If VIEWER is undefined, the PAGER environment variable is tried. If\nPAGER is also undefined, the \"view\" command is invoked. If you use F13 instead, the viewer\nwill be invoked without doing any formatting or preprocessing to the file.\n\nSee parameters for external viewer for explain how you may specify an extended command line\noptions for external viewers.\n\n#### Filtered View (Alt-!)\n\nThis command prompts for a command and its arguments (the argument defaults to the currently\nselected file name), the output from such command is shown in the internal file viewer.\n\n#### Edit (F4, F14)\n\nPress F4 to edit the highlighted file. Press F14 (usually F14) to start the editor with a\nnew, empty file. Currently they invoke the vi editor, or the editor specified in the EDITOR\nenvironment variable, or the Internal File Editor if the useinternaledit option is on.\n\nSee parameters for external editor for explain how you may specify an extended command line\noptions for external editors.\n\n#### Copy (F5, F15)\n\nPress F5 to pop up an input dialog to copy the currently selected file (or the tagged files,\nif there is at least one file tagged) to the directory/filename you specify in the input dia‐\nlog. The destination defaults to the directory in the non-selected panel. Space for destina‐\ntion file may be preallocated relative to preallocatespace configure option. During this\nprocess, you can press C-c or Esc to abort the operation. For details about source mask\n(which will be usually either * or ^\\(.*\\)$ depending on setting of Use shell patterns) and\npossible wildcards in the destination see Mask copy/rename.\n\nF15 (usually F15) is similar, but defaults to the directory in the selected panel. It always\noperates on the selected file, regardless of any tagged files.\n\nOn some systems, it is possible to do the copy in the background by clicking on the back‐\nground button (or pressing Alt-b in the dialog box). The Background Jobs is used to control\nthe background process.\n\n#### Link (C-x l)\n\nCreate a hard link to the current file.\n\n#### Absolute symlink (C-x s)\n\nCreate a absolute symbolic link to the current file.\n\n#### Relative symLink (C-x v)\n\nCreate a relative symbolic link to the current file.\n\nTo those of you who don't know what links are: creating a link to a file is a bit like copy‐\ning the file, but both the source filename and the destination filename represent the same\nfile image. For example, if you edit one of these files, all changes you make will appear in\nboth files. Some people call links aliases or shortcuts.\n\nA hard link appears as a real file. After making it, there is no way of telling which one is\nthe original and which is the link. If you delete either one of them the other one is still\nintact. It is very difficult to notice that the files represent the same image. Use hard\nlinks when you don't even want to know.\n\nA symbolic link is a reference to the name of the original file. If the original file is\ndeleted the symbolic link is useless. It is quite easy to notice that the files represent the\nsame image. Midnight Commander shows an \"@\"-sign in front of the file name if it is a sym‐\nbolic link to somewhere (except to directory, where it shows a tilde (~)). The original file\nwhich the link points to is shown on mini-status line if the Show mini-status option is en‐\nabled. Use symbolic links when you want to avoid the confusion that can be caused by hard\nlinks.\n\nWhen you press \"C-x s\" Midnight Commander will automatically fill in the complete path+file‐\nname of the original file and suggest a name for the link. You can change either one.\n\nSometimes you may want to change the absolute path of the original into a relative path. An\nabsolute path starts from the root directory:\n\n/home/frodo/mc/mc -> /home/frodo/new/mc\n\nA relative link describes the original file's location starting from the location of the link\nitself:\n\n/home/frodo/mc/mc -> ../new/mc\n\nYou can force Midnight Commander to suggest a relative path by pressing \"C-x v\" instead of\n\"C-x s\".\n\n#### Rename/Move (F6, F16)\n\nPress F6 to pop up an input dialog to copy the currently selected file (or the tagged files,\nif there is at least one file tagged) to the directory/filename you specify in the input dia‐\nlog. The destination defaults to the directory in the non-selected panel. For more details\nlook at Copy (F5) operation above, most of the things are quite similar.\n\nF16 (usually F16) is similar, but defaults to the directory in the selected panel. It always\noperates on the selected file, regardless of any tagged files.\n\nOn some systems, it is possible to do the copy in the background by clicking on the back‐\nground button (or pressing Alt-b in the dialog box). The Background Jobs is used to control\nthe background process.\n\n#### Mkdir (F7)\n\nPop up an input dialog and creates the directory specified.\n\n#### Delete (F8)\n\nDelete the currently selected file or the tagged files in the currently selected panel. Dur‐\ning the process, you can press C-c or Esc to abort the operation.\n\nQuick cd (Alt-c) Use the quick cd command if you have full command line and want to cd some‐\nwhere.\n\n#### Select group (+)\n\nThis is used to select (tag) a group of files. Midnight Commander will prompt for a selection\noptions. When Files only checkbox is on, only files will be selected. If Files only is off,\nas files as directories will be selected. When Shell Patterns checkbox is on, the regular\nexpression is much like the filename globbing in the shell (* standing for zero or more char‐\nacters and ? standing for one character). If Shell Patterns is off, then the tagging of\nfiles is done with normal regular expressions (see ed (1)). When Case sensitive checkbox is\non, the selection will be case sensitive characters. If Case sensitive is off, the case will\nbe ignored.\n\n#### Unselect group (\\)\n\nUsed to unselect a group of files. This is the opposite of the Select group command.\n\n#### Quit (F10, S-F10)\n\nTerminate Midnight Commander. S-F10 is used when you want to quit and you are using the shell\nwrapper. S-F10 will not take you to the last directory you visited with Midnight Commander,\ninstead it will stay at the directory where you started Midnight Commander.\n\n#### Quick cd\n\nThis command is useful if you have a full command line and want to cd somewhere without hav‐\ning to yank and paste the command line. This command pops up a small dialog, where you enter\neverything you would enter after cd on the command line and then you press enter. This fea‐\ntures all the things that are already in the internal cd command.\n\n#### Command Menu\n\nThe Directory tree command shows a tree figure of the directories.\n\nThe \"Find file\" command allows you to search for a specific file.\n\nThe \"Swap panels\" command swaps the contents of the two directory panels.\n\nThe \"Switch panels on/off\" command shows the output of the last shell command. This works\nonly on xterm and on Linux and FreeBSD console.\n\nThe \"Compare directories\" command compares the directory panels with each other. You can then\nuse the Copy (F5) command to make the panels identical. There are three compare methods. The\nquick method compares only file size and file date. The thorough method makes a full\nbyte-by-byte compare. The thorough method is not available if the machine does not support\nthe mmap(2) system call. The size-only compare method just compares the file sizes and does\nnot check the contents or the date times, it just checks the file size.\n\nThe \"External panelize\" allows you to execute an external program, and make the output of\nthat program the contents of the current panel.\n\nThe \"Command history\" command shows a list of typed commands. The selected command is copied\nto the command line. The command history can also be accessed by typing Alt-p or Alt-n.\n\nThe \"Directory hotlist\" command makes changing of the current directory to often used direc‐\ntories faster.\n\nThe \"Screen list\" command shows a dialog window with the list of currently running internal\neditors, viewers and other MC modules that support this mode.\n\nThe \"Edit extension file\" command allows you to specify programs to executed when you try to\nexecute, view, edit and do a bunch of other thing on files with certain extensions (filename\nendings).\n\nThe \"Edit Menu File\" command may be used for editing the user menu (which appears by pressing\nF2).\n\n#### Directory Tree\n\nThe Directory Tree command shows a tree figure of the directories. You can select a directory\nfrom the figure and Midnight Commander will change to that directory.\n\nThere are two ways to invoke the tree. The real directory tree command is available from Com‐\nmands menu. The other way is to select tree view from the Left or Right menu.\n\nTo get rid of long delays, Midnight Commander creates the tree figure by scanning only a\nsmall subset of all the directories. If the directory which you want to see is missing, move\nto its parent directory and press C-r (or F2).\n\nYou can use the following keys:\n\nGeneral movement keys\nare accepted.\n\nEnter. In the directory tree, exits the directory tree and changes to this directory in the\ncurrent panel. In the tree view, changes to this directory in the other panel and\nstays in tree view mode in the current panel.\n\n#### C-r, F2 (Rescan).\n\nRescan this directory. Use this when the tree figure is out of date: it is missing\nsubdirectories or shows some subdirectories which don't exist any more.\n\n#### F3 (Forget).\n\nDelete this directory from the tree figure. Use this to remove clutter from the fig‐\nure. If you want the directory back to the tree figure press F2 in its parent direc‐\ntory.\n\n#### F4 (Static/Dynamic).\n\nToggle between the dynamic navigation mode (default) and the static navigation mode.\n\nIn the static navigation mode you can use the Up and Down keys to select a directory. All\nknown directories are shown.\n\nIn the dynamic navigation mode you can use the Up and Down keys to select a sibling direc‐\ntory, the Left key to move to the parent directory, and the Right key to move to a child di‐\nrectory. Only the parent, sibling and children directories are shown, others are left out.\nThe tree figure changes dynamically as you traverse.\n\n#### F5 (Copy).\n\nCopy the directory.\n\n#### F6 (RenMov).\n\nMove the directory.\n\n#### F7 (Mkdir).\n\nMake a new directory below this directory.\n\n#### F8 (Delete).\n\nDelete this directory from the file system.\n\n#### C-s, Alt-s.\n\nSearch the next directory matching the search string. If there is no such directory\nthese keys will move one line down.\n\n#### C-h, Backspace.\n\nDelete the last character of the search string.\n\n#### Any other character.\n\nAdd the character to the search string and move to the next directory which starts\nwith these characters. In the tree view you must first activate the search mode by\npressing C-s. The search string is shown in the mini status line.\n\nThe following actions are available only in the directory tree. They aren't supported in the\ntree view.\n\n#### F1 (Help).\n\nInvoke the help viewer and show this section.\n\n#### Esc, F10.\n\nExit the directory tree. Do not change the directory.\n\nThe mouse is supported. A double-click behaves like Enter. See also the section on mouse sup‐\nport.\n\n#### Find File\n\nThe Find File feature first asks for the start directory for the search and the filename to\nbe searched for. By pressing the Tree button you can select the start directory from the di‐\nrectory tree figure.\n\nThe \"File name\" input field contains a filename pattern to be searched for. It is interpreted\nas a shell pattern or as a regular expression depending on the state of the \"Using shell pat‐\nterns\" checkbox. An empty value is valid and matches any file name.\n\nThe \"Content\" input field contains a string to search for within the files. Leave this field\nempty to disable searching file contents.\n\nOption \"Whole words\" allows select only those files containing matches that form whole words.\nLike grep -w.\n\nYou can start the search by pressing the OK button. During the search you can stop from the\nStop button and continue from the Start button.\n\nYou can browse the filelist with the up and down arrow keys. The Chdir button will change to\nthe directory of the currently selected file. The Again button will ask for the parameters\nfor a new search. The Quit button quits the search operation. The Panelize button will place\nthe found files to the current directory panel so that you can do additional operations on\nthem (view, copy, move, delete and so on). To return to the normal file listing, change di‐\nrectory to \"..\".\n\nThe 'Enable ignore directories' checkbox and input field below it allow one to set up the\nlist of directories that should be skip during the search files (for example, you may want to\navoid searches on a CD-ROM or on a NFS directory that is mounted across a slow link). List\ncomponents must be separated with a colon, here is an example:\n\n/cdrom:/nfs/wuarchive:/afs\n\nRelative paths are supported also. The following example shows how to skip special directo‐\nries of version control systems:\n/cdrom:/nfs/wuarchive:/afs:.svn:.git:CVS\n\nAttention: input field can contain a dot (.), this means the current absolute path.\n\nYou may consider using the External panelize command for some operations. Find file command\nis for simple queries only, while using External panelize you can do as mysterious searches\nas you would like.\n\n#### External panelize\n\nThe External panelize allows you to execute an external program, and make the output of that\nprogram the contents of the current panel.\n\nFor example, if you want to manipulate in one of the panels all the symbolic links in the\ncurrent directory, you can use external panelization to run the following command:\n\nfind . -type l -print\n\nUpon command completion, the directory contents of the panel will no longer be the directory\nlisting of the current directory, but all the files that are symbolic links.\n\nIf you want to panelize all of the files that have been downloaded from your FTP server, you\ncan use this awk command to extract the file name from the transfer log files:\n\nawk '$9 ~! /incoming/ { print $9 }' < /var/log/xferlog\n\nYou may want to save often used panelize commands under a descriptive name, so that you can\nrecall them quickly. You do this by typing the command on the input line and pressing Add new\nbutton. Then you enter a name under which you want the command to be saved. Next time, you\njust choose that command from the list and do not have to type it again.\n\n#### Hotlist\n\nThe Directory hotlist command shows the labels of the directories in the directory hotlist.\nMidnight Commander will change to the directory corresponding to the selected label. From\nthe hotlist dialog, you can remove already created label/directory pairs and add new ones.\nTo add new directories quickly, you can use the Add to hotlist command (C-x h), which adds\nthe current directory into the directory hotlist, asking just for the label for the direc‐\ntory.\n\nThis makes cd to often used directories faster. You may consider using the CDPATH variable as\ndescribed in internal cd command description.\n\n#### Edit Extension File\n\nThis will invoke your editor on the file ~/.config/mc/mc.ext. The format of this file fol‐\nlowing:\n\nAll lines starting with # or empty lines are thrown away.\n\nLines starting in the first column should have following format:\n\nkeyword/expr, i.e. everything after the slash until new line is expr.\n\nkeyword can be:\n\nshell - expr is an extension (no wildcards). File matches it its name ends with expr. Ex‐\nample: shell/.tar matches *.tar.\n\nregex - expr is a regular expression. File matches if its name matches the regular expres‐\nsion.\n\ndirectory\n- expr is a regular expression. File matches if it is a directory and its name\nmatches the regular expression.\n\ntype - expr is a regular expression. File matches if the output of file %f without the\ninitial \"filename:\" part matches regular expression expr.\n\ndefault\n- matches any file. expr is ignored.\n\ninclude\n- denotes a common section. expr is the name of the section.\n\nOther lines should start with a space or tab and should be of the format: keyword=command\n(with no spaces around =), where keyword should be: Open (invoked on Enter or double click),\nView (F3), Edit (F4) or Include (to add rules from the common section). command is any\none-line shell command, with the simple macro substitution.\n\nRules are matched from top to bottom, thus the order is important. If the appropriate action\nis missing, search continues as if this rule didn't match (i.e. if a file matches the first\nand second entry and View action is missing in the first one, then on pressing F3 the View\naction from the second entry will be used). default should match all the actions.\n\n#### Background Jobs\n\nThis lets you control the state of any background Midnight Commander process (only copy and\nmove files operations can be done in the background). You can stop, restart and kill a back‐\nground job from here.\n\n#### Edit Menu File\n\nThe user menu is a menu of useful actions that can be customized by the user. When you access\nthe user menu, the file .mc.menu from the current directory is used if it exists, but only if\nit is owned by user or root and is not world-writable. If no such file found, ~/.con‐\nfig/mc/menu is tried in the same way, and otherwise mc uses the default system-wide menu\n/usr/share/mc/mc.menu.\n\nThe format of the menu file is very simple. Lines that start with anything but space or tab\nare considered entries for the menu (in order to be able to use it like a hot key, the first\ncharacter should be a letter). All the lines that start with a space or a tab are the com‐\nmands that will be executed when the entry is selected.\n\nWhen an option is selected all the command lines of the option are copied to a temporary file\nin the temporary directory (usually /usr/tmp) and then that file is executed. This allows the\nuser to put normal shell constructs in the menus. Also simple macro substitution takes place\nbefore executing the menu code. For more information, see macro substitution.\n\nHere is a sample mc.menu file:\n\nA Dump the currently selected file\nod -c %f\n\nB Edit a bug report and send it to root\nI=`mktemp ${MCTMPDIR:-/tmp}/mail.XXXXXX` || exit 1\nvi $I\nmail -s \"Midnight Commander bug\" root < $I\nrm -f $I\n\nM Read mail\nemacs -f rmail\n\nN Read Usenet news\nemacs -f gnus\n\nH Call the info hypertext browser\ninfo\n\nJ Copy current directory to other panel recursively\ntar cf - . | (cd %D && tar xvpf -)\n\nK Make a release of the current subdirectory\necho -n \"Name of distribution file: \"\nread tar\nln -s %d `dirname %d`/$tar\ncd ..\ntar cvhf ${tar}.tar $tar\n\n= f *.tar.gz | f *.tgz & t n\nX Extract the contents of a compressed tar file\ntar xzvf %f\n\n#### Default Conditions\n\nEach menu entry may be preceded by a condition. The condition must start from the first col‐\numn with a '=' character. If the condition is true, the menu entry will be the default entry.\n\nCondition syntax: = \nor: = | ...\nor: = & ...\n\nSub-condition is one of following:\n\ny syntax of current file matching pattern?\n(for edit menu only)\nf current file matching pattern?\nF other file matching pattern?\nd current directory matching pattern?\nD other directory matching pattern?\nt current file of type?\nT other file of type?\nx is it executable filename?\n! negate the result of sub-condition\n\nPattern is a normal shell pattern or a regular expression, according to the shell patterns\noption. You can override the global value of the shell patterns option by writing \"shellpat‐\nterns=x\" on the first line of the menu file (where \"x\" is either 0 or 1).\n\nType is one or more of the following characters:\n\nn not a directory\nr regular file\nd directory\nl link\nc character device\nb block device\nf FIFO (pipe)\ns socket\nx executable file\nt tagged\n\nFor example 'rlf' means either regular file, link or fifo. The 't' type is a little special\nbecause it acts on the panel instead of the file. The condition '=t t' is true if there are\ntagged files in the current panel and false if not.\n\nIf the condition starts with '=?' instead of '=' a debug trace will be shown whenever the\nvalue of the condition is calculated.\n\nThe conditions are calculated from left to right. This means\n= f *.tar.gz | f *.tgz & t n\nis calculated as\n( (f *.tar.gz) | (f *.tgz) ) & (t n)\n\nHere is a sample of the use of conditions:\n\n= f *.tar.gz | f *.tgz & t n\nL List the contents of a compressed tar-archive\ngzip -cd %f | tar xvf -\n\n#### Addition Conditions\n\nIf the condition begins with '+' (or '+?') instead of '=' (or '=?') it is an addition condi‐\ntion. If the condition is true the menu entry will be included in the menu. If the condition\nis false the menu entry will not be included in the menu.\n\nYou can combine default and addition conditions by starting condition with '+=' or '=+' (or\n'+=?' or '=+?' if you want debug trace). If you want to use two different conditions, one for\nadding and another for defaulting, you can precede a menu entry with two condition lines, one\nstarting with '+' and another starting with '='.\n\nComments are started with '#'. The additional comment lines must start with '#', space or\ntab.\n\n#### Options Menu\n\nMidnight Commander has some options that may be toggled on and off in several dialogs which\nare accessible from this menu. Options are enabled if they have an asterisk or \"x\" in front\nof them.\n\nThe Configuration command pops up a dialog from which you can change most of settings of Mid‐\nnight Commander.\n\nThe Layout command pops up a dialog from which you specify a bunch of options how mc looks\nlike on the screen.\n\nThe Panel options command pops up a dialog from which you specify options of file manager\npanels.\n\nThe Confirmation command pops up a dialog from which you specify which actions you want to\nconfirm.\n\nThe Appearance command pops up a dialog from which you specify the skin.\n\nThe Display bits command pops up a dialog from which you may select which characters is your\nterminal able to display.\n\nThe Learn keys command pops up a dialog from which you test some keys which are not working\non some terminals and you may fix them.\n\nThe Virtual FS command pops up a dialog from which you specify some VFS related options.\n\nThe Save setup command saves the current settings of the Left, Right and Options menus. A\nsmall number of other settings is saved, too.\n\n#### Configuration\n\nThe options in this dialog are divided into several groups: \"File operation options\", \"Esc\nkey mode\", \"Pause after run\" and \"Other options\".\n\n#### File operation options\n\nVerbose operation. This toggles whether the file Copy, Rename and Delete operations are ver‐\nbose (i.e., display a dialog box for each operation). If you have a slow terminal, you may\nwish to disable the verbose operation. It is automatically turned off if the speed of your\nterminal is less than 9600 bps.\n\nCompute totals. If this option is enabled, Midnight Commander computes total byte sizes and\ntotal number of files prior to any Copy, Rename and Delete operations. This will provide you\nwith a more accurate progress bar at the expense of some speed. This option has no effect, if\nVerbose operation is disabled.\n\nClassic progressbar. If this option is enabled, the progressbar of Copy/Move/Delete opera‐\ntions is always grown form left to right. If disabled, the growing direction of progressbar\nfollows to direction of Copy/Move/Delete operation: from left panel to right one and vice\nversa. Enabled by default.\n\nMkdir autoname. When you press F7 to create a new directory, the input line in popup dialog\nwill be filled by name of current file or directory in active panel. Disabled by default.\n\nPreallocate space. Preallocate space for whole target file, if possible, before copy opera‐\ntion. Disabled by default.\n\n#### Esc key mode.\n\nBy default, Midnight Commander treats the Esc key as a key prefix. Therefore, you should\npress Esc code twice to exit a dialog. But there is a possibility to use a single press of\nEsc key for that action.\n\nSingle press. By default this option is disabled. If you'll enable it, the Esc key will act\nas a prefix key for set up time interval (see Timeout option below), and if no extra keys\nhave arrived, then the Esc key is interpreted as a cancel key (Esc Esc).\n\nTimeout. This options is used to setup the time interval (in microseconds) for single press\nof Esc key. By default, this interval is one second (1000000 microseconds). Also the timeout\ncan be set via KEYBOARDKEYTIMEOUTUS environment variable (also in microseconds), which has\nhigher priority than Timeout option value.\n\n#### Pause after run\n\nAfter executing your commands, Midnight Commander can pause, so that you can examine the out‐\nput of the command. There are three possible settings for this variable:\n\nNever. Means that you do not want to see the output of your command. If you are using the\nLinux or FreeBSD console or an xterm, you will be able to see the output of the command by\ntyping C-o.\n\nOn dumb terminals. You will get the pause message on terminals that are not capable of show‐\ning the output of the last command executed (any terminal that is not an xterm or the Linux\nconsole).\n\nAlways. The program will pause after executing all of your commands.\n\n#### Other options\n\nUse internal editor. If this option is enabled, the built-in file editor is used to edit\nfiles. If the option is disabled, the editor specified in the EDITOR environment variable is\nused. If no editor is specified, vi is used. See the section on the internal file editor.\n\nUse internal viewer. If this option is enabled, the built-in file viewer is used to view\nfiles. If the option is disabled, the pager specified in the PAGER environment variable is\nused. If no pager is specified, the view command is used. See the section on the internal\nfile viewer.\n\nAsk new file name. If this option is enabled, file name is asked before open new file in ed‐\nitor.\n\nAuto menus. If this option is enabled, the user menu will be invoked at startup. Useful for\nbuilding menus for non-unixers.\n\nDrop down menus. When this option is enabled, the pull down menus will be activated as soon\nas you press the F9 key. Otherwise, you will only get the menu title, and you will have to\nactivate the menu either with the arrow keys or with the hotkeys. It is recommended if you\nare using hotkeys.\n\nShell Patterns. By default the Select, Unselect and Filter commands will use shell-like reg‐\nular expressions. The following conversions are performed to achieve this: the '*' is re‐\nplaced by '.*' (zero or more characters); the '?' is replaced by '.' (exactly one character)\nand '.' by the literal dot. If the option is disabled, then the regular expressions are the\nones described in ed(1).\n\nComplete: show all. By default, Midnight Commander pops up all possible completions if the\ncompletion is ambiguous only when you press Alt-Tab for the second time. For the first time,\nit just completes as much as possible and beeps in the case of ambiguity. Enable this option\nif you want to see all possible completions even after pressing Alt-Tab the first time.\n\nRotating dash. If this option is enabled, the Midnight Commander shows a rotating dash in\nthe upper right corner as a work in progress indicator.\n\nCd follows links. This option, if set, causes Midnight Commander to follow the logical chain\nof directories when changing current directory either in the panels, or using the cd command.\nThis is the default behavior of bash. When unset, Midnight Commander follows the real direc‐\ntory structure, so cd .. if you've entered that directory through a link will move you to the\ncurrent directory's real parent and not to the directory where the link was present.\n\nSafe delete. If this option is enabled, deleting files and directory hotlist entries unin‐\ntentionally becomes more difficult. The default selection in the confirmation dialogs for\ndeletion changes from Yes to No. This option is disabled by default.\n\nSafe overwrite. If this option is enabled, overwriting files unintentionally becomes more\ndifficult. The default selection in the overwrite confirmation dialog changes from Yes to\nNo. This option is disabled by default.\n\nAuto save setup. If this option is enabled, when you exit Midnight Commander, the config‐\nurable options of Midnight Commander are saved in the ~/.config/mc/ini file.\n\n#### Layout\n\nThe layout dialog gives you a possibility to change the general layout of screen. The options\nin this dialog are divided into several groups: \"Panel split\", \"Console output\" and \"Other\noptions\".\n\n#### Panel split\n\nThe rest of the screen area is used for the two directory panels. You can specify whether the\narea is split to the panels in Vertical or Horizontal direction. Panel layout can be changed\nusing Alt-, (Alt-comma) shortcut.\n\nEqual split. By default, panels have equal sizes. Using this option you can specify an un‐\nequal split.\n\n#### Console output\n\nOn the Linux or FreeBSD console you can specify how many lines are shown in the output win‐\ndow. This option is available if Midnight Commander runs on native console only.\n\n#### Other options\n\nMenu bar visible. If enabled, main menu of Midnight Commander is always visible on the top\nrow of screen above panels. Enabled by default.\n\nCommand prompt. If enabled, command line is available. Enabled by default.\n\nKeybar visible. If enabled, 10 labels associated with F1-F10 keys are located at the bottom\nrow of screen. Enabled by default.\n\nHintbar visible. If enabled, the one-line hints are visible below panels. Enabled by de‐\nfault.\n\nXTerm window title. When run in a terminal emulator for X11, Midnight Commander sets the\nterminal window title to the current working directory and updates it when necessary. If\nyour terminal emulator is broken and you see some incorrect output on startup and directory\nchange, turn off this option. Enabled by default.\n\nShow free space. If enabled, free space and total space of current file system is shown at\nthe bottom frame of panel. Enabled by default.\n\n#### Panel options\n\n#### Main panel options\n\nShow mini-status. If enabled, one line of status information about the currently selected\nitem is shown at the bottom of the panels. Enabled by default.\n\nUse SI size units. If this option is enabled, Midnight Commander will use SI prefixes (base\n10) when displaying any byte sizes. If disabled (default), Midnight Commander will use IEC\nprefixes (base 2).\n\nMix all files. If this option is enabled, all files and directories are shown mixed to‐\ngether. If the option is disabled (default), directories (and links to directories) are\nshown at the beginning of the listing, and other files below.\n\nShow backup files. If enabled, Midnight Commander will show files ending with a tilde. Oth‐\nerwise, they won't be shown (like GNU's ls option -B). Enabled by default.\n\nShow hidden files. If enabled, Midnight Commander will show all files that start with a dot\n(like ls -a). Disabled by default.\n\nFast directory reload. If this option is enabled, Midnight Commander will use a trick to de‐\ntermine if the directory contents have changed. The trick is to reload the directory only if\nthe i-node of the directory has changed; this means that reloads only happen when files are\ncreated or deleted. If what changes is the i-node for a file in the directory (file size\nchanges, mode or owner changes, etc) the display is not updated. In these cases, if you have\nthe option on, you have to rescan the directory manually (with C-r). Disabled by default.\n\nMark moves down. If enabled, the selection bar will move down when you mark a file (with In‐\nsert key). Enabled by default.\n\nReverse files only. Allow revert selection of files only. Enabled by default. If enabled,\nthe reverse selection is applied to files only, not to directories. The selection of direc‐\ntories is untouched. If off, the reverse selection is applied to files as well to directo‐\nries: all unselected items become selected, and vice versa.\n\nSimple swap. If both panels contain file listing, simple swap means that panels exchange its\nscreen positions: left panel become right one, and vice versa. If this option is unchecked,\nfile listing panels exchange its content keeping listing format and sort options. Unchecked\nby default.\n\nAuto save panels setup. If this option is enabled, when you exit Midnight Commander, the\ncurrent settings of panels are saved in the ~/.config/mc/panels.ini file. Disabled by de‐\nfault.\n\n#### Navigation\n\nLynx-like motion. If this option is enabled, you may use the arrows keys to automatically\nchdir if the current selection is a subdirectory and the shell command line is empty. By de‐\nfault, this setting is off.\n\nPage scrolling. If set (the default), panel will scroll by half the display when the cursor\nreaches the end or the beginning of the panel, otherwise it will just scroll a file at a\ntime.\n\nCenter scrolling. If set, panel will scroll when the cursor reaches the middle of the panel\ncolumn, only hitting the top or bottom of the panel when actually on the first or last file.\nThis behavior applies when scrolling one file at a time, and does not apply to the page\nup/down keys.\n\nMouse page scrolling. Controls whenever scrolling with the mouse wheel is done by pages or\nline by line on the panels.\n\n#### File highlight\n\nYou can specify whether permissions and file types should be highlighted with distinctive\nColors. If the permission highlighting is enabled, the parts of the perm and mode display\nfields which apply to the user running Midnight Commander are highlighted with the color de‐\nfined by the selected keyword. If the file type highlighting is enabled, file names are col‐\nored according to rules described in /etc/mc/filehighlight.ini file. See Filenames Highlight\nfor more info.\n\n#### Quick search\n\nYou can specify how the Quick search mode should work: case insensitively, case sensitively\nor be matched to the panel sort order: case sensitive or not.\n\n#### Confirmation\n\nIn this dialog you configure the confirmation options for file deletion, overwriting files,\nexecution by pressing enter, quitting the program, directory hotlist entries deletion and\nhistory cleanup.\n\n#### Appearance\n\nIn this dialog you can select the skin to be used and enable shadow for dialogs and drop down\nmenus.\n\nSee the Skins section for technical details about the skin definition files.\n\nShadows. If this option is enabled, all dialogs and drop down menus will have a shadow.\n\n#### Display bits\n\nThis is used to configure the range of visible characters on the screen. This setting may be\n7-bits if your terminal/curses supports only seven output bits, ISO-8859-1 displays all the\ncharacters in the ISO-8859-1 map and full 8 bits is for those terminals that can display full\n8 bit characters.\n\n#### Learn keys\n\nThis dialog allows you to test and redefine functional keys, cursor arrows and some other\nkeys to make them work properly on your terminal. They often don't, since many terminal\ndatabases are incomplete or broken.\n\nYou can move around with the Tab key and with the vi moving keys ('h' left, 'j' down, 'k' up\nand 'l' right). Once you press any cursor movement key and it is recognized, you can use\nthat key as well.\n\nYou can test keys just by pressing each of them. When you press a key and it is recognized\nproperly, OK should appear next to the name of that key. Once a key is marked OK it starts\nworking as usually, e.g. F1 pressed the first time will just check that the F1 key works, but\nafter that it will show help. The same applies to the arrow keys. The Tab key should be\nworking always.\n\nIf some keys do not work properly then you won't see OK appear after pressing one of these.\nThen you may want to redefine it. Do it by pressing the button with the name of that key\n(either by the mouse or by Enter or Space after selecting the button with Tab or arrows).\nThen a message box will appear asking you to press that key. Do it and wait until the mes‐\nsage box disappears. If you want to abort, just press Escape once and wait.\n\nWhen you finish with all the keys, you can Save them. The definitions for the keys you have\nredefined will be written into the [terminal:TERM] section of your ~/.config/mc/ini file\n(where TERM is the name of your current terminal). The definitions of the keys that were al‐\nready working properly are not saved.\n\n#### Virtual FS\n\nThis option gives you control over the settings of the Virtual File System.\n\nMidnight Commander keeps in memory the information related to some of the virtual file sys‐\ntems to speed up the access to the files in the file system (for example, directory listings\nfetched from FTP servers).\n\nAlso, in order to access the contents of compressed files (for example, compressed tar\nfiles), Midnight Commander needs to create temporary uncompressed files on your disk.\n\nSince both the information in memory and the temporary files on disk take up resources, you\nmay want to tune the parameters of the cached information to decrease your resource usage or\nto maximize the speed of access to frequently used file systems.\n\nBecause of the format of the tar archives, the Tar filesystem needs to read the whole file\njust to load the file entries. Since most tar files are usually kept compressed (plain tar\nfiles are species in extinction), the tar file system has to uncompress the file on the disk\nin a temporary location and then access the uncompressed file as a regular tar file.\n\nNow, since we all love to browse files and tar files all over the disk, it's common that you\nwill leave a tar file and then re-enter it later. Since decompression is slow, Midnight Com‐\nmander will cache the information in memory for a limited time. When the timeout expires,\nall the resources associated with the file system are released. The default timeout is set\nto one minute.\n\nThe FTP File System (ftpfs) allows you to browse directories on remote FTP servers. It has\nseveral options.\n\nftp anonymous password is the password used when you login as \"anonymous\". Some sites re‐\nquire a valid e-mail address. On the other hand, you probably don't want to give your real\ne-mail address to untrusted sites, especially if you are not using spam filtering.\n\nftpfs keeps the directory listing it fetches from a FTP server in a cache. The cache expire\ntime is configurable with the ftpfs directory cache timeout option. A low value for this op‐\ntion may slow down every operation on the ftpfs because every operation would require sending\na request to the FTP server.\n\nYou can define an FTP proxy host for doing FTP. Note that most modern firewalls are fully\ntransparent at least for passive FTP (see below), so FTP proxies are considered obsolete.\n\nIf Always use ftp proxy is not set, you can use the exclamation sign to enable proxy for cer‐\ntain hosts. See FTP File System for examples.\n\nIf this option is set, the program will do two things: consult the /usr/lib/mc/mc.noproxy\nfile for lines containing host names that are local (if the host name starts with a dot, it\nis assumed to be a domain) and to assume that any hostnames without dots in their names are\ndirectly accessible. All other hosts will be accessed through the specified FTP proxy.\n\nYou can enable using ~/.netrc file, which keeps login names and passwords for ftp servers.\nSee netrc (5) for the description of the .netrc format.\n\nUse passive mode enables using FTP passive mode, when the connection for data transfer is\ninitiated by the client, not by the server. This option is recommended and enabled by de‐\nfault. If this option is turned off, the data connection is initiated by the server. This\nmay not work with some firewalls.\n\n#### Save Setup\n\nAt startup, Midnight Commander tries to load initialization information from the ~/.con‐\nfig/mc/ini file. If this file doesn't exist, the system-wide file /etc/mc/mc.ini is used. If\nthis file doesn't exist, the system-wide file /usr/share/mc/mc.ini is used. If this file\ndoesn't exist, MC uses the default settings.\n\nThe Save Setup command creates the ~/.config/mc/ini file by saving the current settings of\nthe Left, Right and Options menus.\n\nIf you activate the auto save setup option, MC will always save the current settings when ex‐\niting.\n\nThere also exist settings which can't be changed from the menus. To change these settings you\nhave to edit the setup file with your favorite editor. See the section on Special Settings\nfor more information.\n\n#### Executing operating system commands\n\nYou may execute commands by typing them directly in Midnight Commander's input line, or by\nselecting the program you want to execute with the selection bar in one of the panels and\nhitting Enter.\n\nIf you press Enter over a file that is not executable, Midnight Commander checks the exten‐\nsion of the selected file against the extensions in the Extensions File. If a match is found\nthen the code associated with that extension is executed. A very simple macro expansion takes\nplace before executing the command.\n\n#### The cd internal command\n\nThe cd command is interpreted by Midnight Commander, it is not passed to the command shell\nfor execution. Thus it may not handle all of the nice macro expansion and substitution that\nyour shell does, although it does some of them:\n\nTilde substitution. The (~) will be substituted with your home directory, if you append a\nusername after the tilde, then it will be substituted with the login directory of the speci‐\nfied user.\n\nFor example, ~guest is the home directory for the user guest, while ~/guest is the directory\nguest in your home directory.\n\nPrevious directory. You can jump to the directory you were previously by using the special\ndirectory name '-' like this: cd -\n\nCDPATH directories. If the directory specified to the cd command is not in the current di‐\nrectory, then Midnight Commander uses the value in the environment variable CDPATH to search\nfor the directory in any of the named directories.\n\nFor example you could set your CDPATH variable to ~/src:/usr/src, allowing you to change your\ndirectory to any of the directories inside the ~/src and /usr/src directories, from any place\nin the file system by using its relative name (for example cd linux could take you to\n/usr/src/linux).\n\n#### Macro Substitution\n\nWhen accessing a user menu, or executing an extension dependent command, or running a command\nfrom the command line input, a simple macro substitution takes place.\n\nThe macros are:\n\n%i The indent of blank space, equal the cursor column position. For edit menu only.\n\n%y The syntax type of current file. For edit menu only.\n\n%k The block file name.\n\n%e The error file name.\n\n%m The current menu name.\n\n%f and %p\nIn file manager user menu: the current file name in selected panel. In mcedit user\nmenu: the name of opened file.\n\n%x The extension of current file name.\n\n%b The current file name without extension.\n\n%d The current directory name.\n\n%F The current file in the unselected panel.\n\n%D The directory name of the unselected panel.\n\n%t The currently tagged files.\n\n%T The tagged files in the unselected panel.\n\n%u and %U\nSimilar to the %t and %T macros, but in addition the files are untagged. You can use\nthis macro only once per menu file entry or extension file entry, because next time\nthere will be no tagged files.\n\n%s and %S\nThe selected files: The tagged files if there are any. Otherwise the current file.\n\n%cd This is a special macro that is used to change the current directory to the directory\nspecified in front of it. This is used primarily as an interface to the Virtual File\nSystem.\n\n%view This macro is used to invoke the internal viewer. This macro can be used alone, or\nwith arguments. If you pass any arguments to this macro, they should be enclosed in\nbrackets.\n\nThe arguments are: ascii to force the viewer into ascii mode; hex to force the viewer\ninto hex mode; nroff to tell the viewer that it should interpret the bold and under‐\nline sequences of nroff; unformatted to tell the viewer to not interpret nroff com‐\nmands for making the text bold or underlined.\n\n%% The % character\n\n%{some text}\nPrompt for the substitution. An input box is shown and the text inside the braces is\nused as a prompt. The macro is substituted by the text typed by the user. The user can\npress Esc or F10 to cancel. This macro doesn't work on the command line yet.\n\n%var{ENV:default}\nIf environment variable ENV is unset, the default is substituted. Otherwise, the\nvalue of ENV is substituted.\n\n#### The subshell support\n\nThe subshell support is a compile time option, that works with the shells: bash, ash (BusyBox\nand Debian), tcsh, zsh and fish.\n\nWhen the subshell support is active, Midnight Commander will spawn a concurrent copy of your\nshell (the one defined in the SHELL variable and if it is not defined, then the one in the\n/etc/passwd file) and run it in a pseudo terminal, instead of invoking a new shell each time\nyou execute a command, the command will be passed to the subshell as if you had typed it.\nThis also allows you to change the environment variables, use shell functions and define\naliases that are valid until you quit Midnight Commander.\n\nbash users may specify startup commands in ~/.local/share/mc/bashrc (fallback ~/.bashrc) and\nspecial keyboard maps in ~/.local/share/mc/inputrc (fallback ~/.inputrc).\n\nash/dash users (BusyBox or Debian) may specify startup commands in ~/.local/share/mc/ashrc\n(fallback ~/.profile).\n\nzsh users may specify startup commands in ~/.local/share/mc/.zshrc (fallback ~/.zshrc).\n\ntcsh, fish users cannot specify mc-specific startup commands at present. They have to rely on\nshell-specific startup files.\n\nThe following paragraphs are relevant only when the subshell support is active:\n\nYou can suspend applications at any time with the sequence C-o and jump back to Midnight Com‐\nmander, if you interrupt an application, you will not be able to run other external commands\nuntil you quit the application you interrupted.\n\nThe basic prompt displayed by Midnight Commander is of the form \"user@host:currentpath$ \".\nWhen using a capable shell, like Bash, the prompt displayed by Midnight Commander will be the\nsame prompt that you are currently using in your shell.\n\n(There's a known problem when using fish: the prompt is displayed only in full screen mode\n(Ctrl-o), not when the panels are visible.)\n\nThe OPTIONS section has more information on how you can control subshell usage (-U/-u). Fur‐\nthermore, to set a specific subshell different from your current SHELL variable or login\nshell defined in /etc/passwd, you may call MC like this: SHELL=/bin/myshell mc\n\n### Chmod\n\nThe Chmod window is used to change the attribute bits in a group of files and directories.\nIt can be invoked with the C-x c key combination.\n\nThe Chmod window has two parts - Permissions and File.\n\nIn the File section are displayed the name of the file or directory and its permissions in\noctal form, as well as its owner and group.\n\nIn the Permissions section there is a set of check buttons which correspond to the file at‐\ntribute bits. As you change the attribute bits, you can see the octal value change in the\nFile section.\n\nTo move between the widgets (buttons and check buttons) use the arrow keys or the Tab key.\nTo change the state of the check buttons or to select a button use Space. You can also use\nthe hotkeys on the buttons to quickly activate them. Hotkeys are shown as highlighted let‐\nters on the buttons.\n\nTo set the attribute bits, use the Enter key.\n\nWhen working with a group of files or directories, you just click on the bits you want to set\nor clear. Once you have selected the bits you want to change, you select one of the action\nbuttons (Set marked or Clear marked).\n\nFinally, to set the attributes exactly to those specified, you can use the [Set all] button,\nwhich will act on all the tagged files.\n\n[Marked all] set only marked attributes to all selected files\n\n[Set marked] set marked bits in attributes of all selected files\n\n[Clean marked] clear marked bits in attributes of all selected files\n\n[Set] set the attributes of one file\n\n[Cancel] cancel the Chmod command\n\n### Chown\n\nThe Chown command is used to change the owner/group of a file. The hot key for this command\nis C-x o.\n\n#### Advanced Chown\n\nThe Advanced Chown command is the Chmod and Chown command combined into one window. You can\nchange the permissions and owner/group of files at once.\n\n### Chattr\n\nThe Chattr window is used to change the attributes of a group of files and directories on a\nLinux file system. It can be invoked with the C-x e key combination.\n\nNot all attributes are supported or utilized by all filesystems. List of available attribute\nflags is represented as a set of check buttons which correspond to the attribute flags (see\nchattr(1) for details). As you change the attribute flags, you can see the symbolic value\nchange below file name.\n\nTo move between the widgets (buttons and check buttons) use the arrow keys or the Tab key. To\nchange the state of the check buttons or to select a button use Space.\n\nTo set the attributes, use the Enter key.\n\nWhen working with a group of files or directories, you just click on the flags you want to\nset or clear. Once you have selected the flags you want to change, you select one of the ac‐\ntion buttons (Set marked or Clear marked).\n\nFinally, to set the attributes exactly to those specified, you can use the [Set all] button,\nwhich will act on all the tagged files.\n\n[Marked all] set only marked attributes to all selected files.\n\n[Set marked] set marked flags in attributes of all selected files.\n\n[Clean marked] clear marked flags in attributes of all selected files.\n\n[Set] set the attributes of one file.\n\n[Cancel] cancel the Chattr command.\n\n#### File Operations\n\nWhen you copy, move or delete files, Midnight Commander shows the file operations dialog. It\nshows the files currently being processed and uses up to three progress bars. The file bar\nindicates the percentage of the current file that has been processed so far. The count bar\nshows how many of the tagged files have been handled. The bytes bar indicates the percentage\nof the total size of the tagged files that has been handled. If the verbose option is off,\nthe file and bytes bars are not shown.\n\nThere are two buttons at the bottom of the dialog. Pressing the Skip button will skip the\nrest of the current file. Pressing the Abort button will abort the whole operation, the rest\nof the files are skipped.\n\nThere are three other dialogs which you can run into during the file operations.\n\nThe error dialog informs about error conditions and has three choices. Normally you select\neither the Skip button to skip the file or the Abort button to abort the operation alto‐\ngether. You can also select the Retry button if you fixed the problem from another terminal.\n\nThe replace dialog is shown when you attempt to copy or move a file on the top of an existing\nfile. The dialog shows the dates and sizes of the both files. Press the Yes button to over‐\nwrite the file, the No button to skip the file, the All button to overwrite all the files,\nthe None button to never overwrite and the Update button to overwrite if the source file is\nnewer than the target file. You can abort the whole operation by pressing the Abort button.\n\nThe recursive delete dialog is shown when you try to delete a directory which is not empty.\nPress the Yes button to delete the directory recursively, the No button to skip the direc‐\ntory, the All button to delete all the directories and the None button to skip all the\nnon-empty directories. You can abort the whole operation by pressing the Abort button. If\nyou selected the Yes or All button you will be asked for a confirmation. Type \"yes\" only if\nyou are really sure you want to do the recursive delete.\n\nIf you have tagged files and perform an operation on them only the files on which the opera‐\ntion succeeded are untagged. Failed and skipped files are left tagged.\n\n#### Mask Copy/Rename\n\nThe copy/move operations let you translate the names of files in an easy way. To do it, you\nhave to specify the correct source mask and usually in the trailing part of the destination\nspecify some wildcards. All the files matching the source mask are copied/renamed according\nto the target mask. If there are tagged files, only the tagged files matching the source\nmask are renamed.\n\nThere are other options which you can set:\n\n#### Follow links\n\ndetermines whether make the symlinks and hardlinks in the source directory (recursively in\nsubdirectories) new links in the target directory or whether would you like to copy their\ncontent.\n\n#### Dive into subdirs\n\ndetermines the behavior when the source directory is about to be copied, but the target di‐\nrectory already exists. The default action is to copy the contents of the source directory\ninto the target directory. Enabling this option causes copying the source directory itself\ninto the target directory.\n\nFor example, you want to copy directory /foo containing file bar to /bla/foo, which is an al‐\nready existing directory. Normally (when Dive into subdirs is not set), mc would copy file\n/foo/bar into the file /bla/foo/bar. By enabling this option the /bla/foo/foo directory will\nbe created, and /foo/bar will be copied into /bla/foo/foo/bar.\n\n#### Preserve attributes\n\ndetermines whether to preserve the permissions, timestamps and (if you are root) the owner‐\nship of the original files. If this option is not set, the current value of the umask will\nbe respected.\n\n#### Use shell patterns\n\nWhen this option is on you can use the '*' and '?' wildcards in the source mask. They work\nlike they do in the shell. In the target mask only the '*' and '\\' wildcards are al‐\nlowed. The first '*' wildcard in the target mask corresponds to the first wildcard group in\nthe source mask, the second '*' corresponds to the second group and so on. The '\\1' wildcard\ncorresponds to the first wildcard group in the source mask, the '\\2' wildcard corresponds to\nthe second group and so on all the way up to '\\9'. The '\\0' wildcard is the whole filename\nof the source file.\n\nTwo examples:\n\nIf the source mask is \"*.tar.gz\", the destination is \"/bla/*.tgz\" and the file to be copied\nis \"foo.tar.gz\", the copy will be \"foo.tgz\" in \"/bla\".\n\nSuppose you want to swap basename and extension so that \"file.c\" would become \"c.file\" and so\non. The source mask for this is \"*.*\" and the destination is \"\\2.\\1\".\n\n#### Use shell patterns off\n\nWhen the shell patterns option is off the MC doesn't do automatic grouping anymore. You must\nuse '\\(...\\)' expressions in the source mask to specify meaning for the wildcards in the tar‐\nget mask. This is more flexible but also requires more typing. Otherwise target masks are\nsimilar to the situation when the shell patterns option is on.\n\nTwo examples:\n\nIf the source mask is \"^\\(.*\\)\\.tar\\.gz$\", the destination is \"/bla/*.tgz\" and the file to be\ncopied is \"foo.tar.gz\", the copy will be \"/bla/foo.tgz\".\n\nLet's suppose you want to swap basename and extension so that \"file.c\" will become \"c.file\"\nand so on. The source mask for this is \"^\\(.*\\)\\.\\(.*\\)$\" and the destination is \"\\2.\\1\".\n\n#### Case Conversions\n\nYou can also change the case of the filenames. If you use '\\u' or '\\l' in the target mask,\nthe next character will be converted to uppercase or lowercase correspondingly.\n\nIf you use '\\U' or '\\L' in the target mask, the next characters will be converted to upper‐\ncase or lowercase correspondingly up to the next '\\E' or next '\\U', '\\L' or the end of the\nfile name.\n\nThe '\\u' and '\\l' are stronger than '\\U' and '\\L'.\n\nFor example, if the source mask is '*' ( Use shell patterns on) or '^\\(.*\\)$' ( Use shell\npatterns off) and the target mask is '\\L\\u*' the file names will be converted to have initial\nupper case and otherwise lower case.\n\nYou can also use '\\' as a quote character. For example, '\\\\' is a backslash and '\\*' is an\nasterisk.\n\n#### Stable symlinks\n\ncommands Midnight Commander, that it should change symlinks in the target, so that they'll\npoint to the same location as it did before. With absolute symbolic links this does nothing,\nbut if you have a relative one, it will recompute its value, adding necessary ../ and other\ndirectory parts and making the value as short as possible (most modern filesystems keep short\nsymlinks inside inodes and thus don't waste much disk space).\n\n#### Select/Unselect Files\n\nThe dialog of group of files and directories selection or uselection. The input line allow\nenter the regular expression of filenames that will be selected/unselected.\n\nWhen Files only checkbox is on, only files will be selected. If Files only is off, as files\nas directories will be selected. When Shell Patterns checkbox is on, the regular expression\nis much like the filename globbing in the shell (* standing for zero or more characters and ?\nstanding for one character). If Shell Patterns is off, then the tagging of files is done with\nnormal regular expressions (see ed (1)). When Case sensitive checkbox is on, the selection\nwill be case sensitive characters. If Case sensitive is off, the case will be ignored.\n\n#### Internal Diff Viewer\n\nThe mcdiff is a visual diff tool. You can compare two files and edit them in-place (diffs are\nupdated dynamically). You can browse and view a working copy from popular version control\nsystems (GIT, Subversion, etc).\n\nFollowing shortcuts are available in internal diff viewer of Midnight Commander.\n\nF1 Invoke the built-in hypertext help viewer.\n\nF2 Save modified files.\n\nF4 Edit file of the left panel in the internal editor.\n\nF14 Edit file of the right panel in the internal editor.\n\nF5 Merge the current hunk. Only the current hunk will be merged.\n\nF7 Start search.\n\nF17 Continue search.\n\n#### F10, Esc, q\n\nExit from diff viewer.\n\n#### Alt-s, s\n\nToggle show of hunk status.\n\n#### Alt-n, l\n\nToggle show of line numbers.\n\nf Maximize left panel.\n\n= Make panels equal in width.\n\n> Reduce the size of the right panel.\n\n< Reduce the size of the left panel.\n\nc Toggle show of trailing carriage return (CR) symbol as ^M.\n\n#### 2, 3, 4, 8\n\nSet tabulation size\n\nC-u Swap contents of diff panels.\n\nC-r Refresh the screen.\n\nC-o Switch to the subshell and show the command screen.\n\n#### Enter, Space, n\n\nFind next diff hunk.\n\n#### Backspace, p\n\nFind previous diff hunk.\n\ng Go to line.\n\nDown Scroll one line forward.\n\nUp Scroll one line backward.\n\nPageUp Move one page up.\n\n#### PageDown\n\nMves one page down.\n\n#### Home, A1\n\nMoves to the line beginning.\n\nEnd Moves to the line end.\n\nC-Home Move to the file beginning.\n\n#### C-End, C1\n\nMove to the file end.\n\n#### Internal File Viewer\n\nThe internal file viewer provides two display modes: ASCII and hex. To toggle between modes,\nuse the F4 key.\n\nThe viewer will try to use the best method provided by your system or the file type to dis‐\nplay the information. Some character sequences, which appear most often in preformatted man‐\nual pages, are displayed bold and underlined, thus making a pretty display of your files.\n\nWhen in hex mode, the search function accepts text in quotes and constant numbers. Text in\nquotes is matched exactly after removing the quotes. Each number matches one byte. You can\nmix quoted text with constants like this:\n\n\"String\" 34 0xBB 012 \"more text\"\n\nNumbers are always interpreted in hex. In the example above, \"34\" is interpreted as 0x34. The\nprefix \"0x\" isn't really needed: we could type \"BB\" instead of \"0xBB\". And \"012\" is inter‐\npreted as 0x12, not as an octal number.\n\nHere is a listing of the actions associated with each key that the Midnight Commander handles\nin the internal file viewer.\n\nF1 Invoke the built-in hypertext help viewer.\n\nF2 Toggle the wrap mode.\n\nF4 Toggle the hex mode.\n\nF5 Goto. You can specify a line number, offset or percentage of file size of position\nthat you want to view.\n\n#### F7, /, ?\n\nStart search. These keys call the dialog window that allows you to set up the search\noptions. If key is ? the \"Backwards\" option is on.\n\nC-s Continue forward search.\n\nC-r Continue reverse search.\n\nF17, n Continue search in the chosen direction.\n\nN Temporary change the search direction: backwards if forward search is chosen, and vice\nversa.\n\nF8 Toggle Raw/Parsed mode: This will show the file as found on disk or if a processing\nfilter has been specified in the mc.ext file, then the output from the filter. Current\nmode is always the other than written on the button label, since on the button is the\nmode which you enter by that key.\n\nF9 Toggle the format/unformat mode: when format mode is on the viewer will interpret some\nstring sequences to show bold and underline with different colors. Also, on button la‐\nbel is the other mode than current.\n\n#### F10, Esc.\n\nExit the internal file viewer.\n\n#### PageDown, space, C-v.\n\nScroll one page forward.\n\n#### PageUp, Alt-v, C-b, Backspace.\n\nScroll one page backward.\n\nDown Scroll one line forward.\n\nUp Scroll one line backward.\n\nC-l Refresh the screen.\n\nC-o Switch to the subshell and show the command screen.\n\n[n] m Set the mark n.\n\n[n] r Jump to the mark n.\n\nC-f Jump to the next file.\n\nC-b Jump to the previous file.\n\nAlt-r Toggle the ruler.\n\nAlt-e to change charset of displayed text may use Alt-e (M-e). Recoding is made from se‐\nlected codepage into system codepage. To cancel the recoding you may select \"\" in charset selection dialog.\n\nIt's possible to instruct the file viewer how to display a file, look at the Edit Extension\nFile section\n\n#### Internal File Editor\n\nThe internal file editor is a full-featured full screen editor. It can edit files up to 64\nmegabytes. It is possible to edit binary files. The internal file editor is invoked using\nF4 if the useinternaledit option is set in the initialization file.\n\nThe features it presently supports are: block copy, move, delete, cut, paste; key for key\nundo; pull-down menus; file insertion; macro commands; regular expression search and replace;\nS-arrow text highlighting (if supported by the terminal); insert-overwrite toggle; word wrap;\nautoindent; tunable tab size; syntax highlighting for various file types; and an option to\npipe text blocks through shell commands like indent and ispell.\n\nSections:\n\nOptions of editor in ini-file\n\nThe editor is very easy to use and requires no tutoring. To see what keys do what, just con‐\nsult the appropriate pull-down menu. Other keys are: Shift movement keys do text highlight‐\ning. C-Ins copies to the file mcedit.clip and S-Ins pastes from mcedit.clip. S-Del cuts to\nmcedit.clip, and C-Del deletes highlighted text. Mouse highlighting also works, and you can\noverride the mouse as usual by holding down the shift key while dragging the mouse to let\nnormal terminal mouse highlighting work.\n\nTo define a macro, press C-R and then type out the key strokes you want to be executed. Press\nC-R again when finished. You can then assign the macro to any key you like by pressing that\nkey. The macro is executed when you press C-A and then the assigned key. The macro is also\nexecuted if you press Meta, Ctrl, or Esc and the assigned key, provided that the key is not\nused for any other function. Once defined, the macro commands go into the file ~/.lo‐‐\ncal/share/mc/mcedit/mcedit.macros You can delete a macro by deleting the appropriate line in\nthis file.\n\nTo change charset of displayed text may use Alt-e (M-e). Recoding is made from selected\ncodepage into system codepage. To cancel the recoding you may select \"\" in\ncharset selection dialog.\n\nF19 will format the currently highlighted block (plain text or C or C++ code or another).\nThis is controlled by the file /usr/share/mc/edit.indent.rc which is copied to ~/.lo‐‐\ncal/share/mc/mcedit/edit.indent.rc in your home directory the first time you use it.\n\nThe editor also displays non-us characters (160+). When editing binary files, you should set\ndisplay bits to 7 bits in the options menu to keep the spacing clean.\n\n#### Options of editor in ini-file\n\nSome editor options of ini-file are described in this section. Options are placed in [Mid‐\nnight-Commander] section\n\neditorwordcompletioncollectentirefile\nSearch autocomplete candidates in entire of file or just from begin of file to cursor\nposition (0)\n\n#### Screen selector\n\nMidnight Commander supports running many internal modules (such as editor, viewer and diff\nviewer) simultaneously and switching between them without closing open files. Using several\nfile managers at a time, however, is not currently supported.\n\nLet's call each of these modules a screen. There are three ways to switch between screens,\nusing one of these global shortcuts:\n\nAlt-} switch to the next screen;\n\nAlt-{ switch to the previous screen;\n\nAlt-` open a dialog window with the list of currently open screens (or use the \"Screen list\"\nmenu item).\n\n### Completion\n\nLet Midnight Commander type for you.\n\nAttempt to perform completion on the text before current position. MC attempts completion\ntreating the text as variable (if the text begins with $), username (if the text begins with\n~), hostname (if the text begins with @) or command (if you are on the command line in the\nposition where you might type a command, possible completions then include shell reserved\nwords and shell built-in commands as well) in turn. If none of these matches, filename com‐\npletion is attempted.\n\nFilename, username, variable and hostname completion works on all input lines, command com‐\npletion is command line specific. If the completion is ambiguous (there are more different\npossibilities), MC beeps and the following action depends on the setting of the Complete:\nshow all option in the Configuration dialog. If it is enabled, a list of all possibilities\npops up next to the current position and you can select with the arrow keys and Enter the\ncorrect entry. You can also type the first letters in which the possibilities differ to move\nto a subset of all possibilities and complete as much as possible. If you press Alt-Tab\nagain, only the subset will be shown in the listbox, otherwise the first item which matches\nall the previous characters will be highlighted. As soon as there is no ambiguity, dialog\ndisappears, but you can hide it by canceling keys Esc, F10 and left and right arrow keys. If\nComplete: show all is disabled, the dialog pops up only if you press Alt-Tab for the second\ntime, for the first time MC just beeps.\n\nApply escaping of ?, *, and & symbols (as \\?, \\*, and \\&) in filenames to disallow use them\nas metasymbols in regular expressions when substitution is performed in the input line.\n\n#### Virtual File System\n\nMidnight Commander is provided with a code layer to access the file system; this code layer\nis known as the virtual file system switch. The virtual file system switch allows Midnight\nCommander to manipulate files not located on the Unix file system.\n\nCurrently, Midnight Commander is packaged with some Virtual File Systems (VFS): the local\nfile system, used for accessing the regular Unix file system; the ftpfs, used to manipulate\nfiles on remote systems with the FTP protocol; the tarfs, used to manipulate tar and com‐\npressed tar files; the undelfs, used to recover deleted files on ext2 file systems (the de‐\nfault file system for Linux systems), fish (for manipulating files over shell connections\nsuch as rsh and ssh). If the code was compiled with sftpfs (for manipulating files over SFTP\nconnections). If the code was compiled with smbfs support, you can manipulate files on re‐\nmote systems with the SMB (CIFS) protocol.\n\nA generic extfs (EXTernal virtual File System) is provided in order to easily expand VFS ca‐\npabilities using scripts and external software.\n\nThe VFS switch code will interpret all of the path names used and will forward them to the\ncorrect file system, the formats used for each one of the file systems is described later in\ntheir own section.\n\n#### FTP File System\n\nThe FTP File System (ftpfs) allows you to manipulate files on remote machines. To actually\nuse it, you can use the FTP link item in the menu or directly change your current directory\nusing the cd command to a path name that looks like this:\n\nftp://[!][user[:pass]@]machine[:port][remote-dir]\n\nThe user, port and remote-dir elements are optional. If you specify the user element, Mid‐\nnight Commander will login to the remote machine as that user, otherwise it will use anony‐\nmous login or the login name from the ~/.netrc file. The optional pass element is the pass‐\nword used for the connection. Using the password in the VFS directory name is not recom‐\nmended, because it can appear on the screen in clear text and can be saved to the directory\nhistory.\n\nTo enable using FTP proxy, prepend ! (an exclamation sign) to the hostname.\n\nExamples:\n\nftp://ftp.nuclecu.unam.mx/linux/local\nftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages\nftp://!behind.firewall.edu/pub\nftp://guest@remote-host.com:40/pub\nftp://miguel:xxx@server/pub\n\nPlease check the Virtual File System dialog box for ftpfs options.\n\n#### Tar File System\n\nThe tar file system provides you with read-only access to your tar files and compressed tar\nfiles by using the chdir command. To change your directory to a tar file, you change your\ncurrent directory to the tar file by using the following syntax:\n\n/filename.tar/utar://[dir-inside-tar]\n\nThe mc.ext file already provides a shortcut for tar files, this means that usually you just\npoint to a tar file and press return to enter into the tar file, see the Edit Extension File\nsection for details on how this is done.\n\nExamples:\n\nmc-3.0.tar.gz/utar://mc-3.0/vfs\n/ftp/GCC/gcc-2.7.0.tar/utar://\n\nThe latter specifies the full path of the tar archive.\n\n#### FIle transfer over SHell filesystem\n\nThe fish file system is a network based file system that allows you to manipulate the files\nin a remote machine as if they were local. To use this, the other side has to either run fish\nserver, or has to have bash-compatible shell.\n\nTo connect to a remote machine, you just need to chdir into a special directory which name is\nin the following format:\n\nsh://[user@]machine[:options]/[remote-dir]\n\nThe user, options and remote-dir elements are optional. If you specify the user element,\nMidnight Commander will try to login on the remote machine as that user, otherwise it will\nuse your login name.\n\nThe available options are:\n'C' - use compression;\n'r' - use rsh instead of ssh;\nport - specify the port used by remote server.\nIf the remote-dir element is present, your current directory on the remote machine will be\nset to this one.\n\nExamples:\n\nsh://onlyrsh.mx:r/linux/local\nsh://joe@want.compression.edu:C/private\nsh://joe@noncompressed.ssh.edu/private\nsh://joe@somehost.ssh.edu:2222/private\n\n#### SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) filesystem\n\nThe SFTP file system is a network based file system that allows you to manipulate the files\nin a remote machine as if they were local.\n\nTo connect to a remote machine, you just need to chdir into a special directory which name is\nin the following format:\n\nsftp://[user@]machine:[port]/[remote-dir]\n\nThe user, port and remote-dir elements are optional. If you specify the user element, Mid‐\nnight Commander will try to login on the remote machine as that user, otherwise it will use\nyour login name. port - specify the port used by remote server (22 by default). If the re‐\nmote-dir element is present, your current directory on the remote machine will be set to this\none.\n\nExamples:\n\nsftp://onlyrsh.mx/linux/local\nsftp://joe:password@want.compression.edu/private\nsftp://joe@noncompressed.ssh.edu/private\nsftp://joe@somehost.ssh.edu:2222/private\n\nWhen establishing the connection, server key fingerprint is verified using the\n~/.ssh/knownhosts file. If the host/key pair is not found or the host is found, but the key\ndoesn't match, an appropriate message is shown. There are three buttons in the message dia‐\nlog:\n\n[Yes] add new host/key pair to the ~/.ssh/knownhosts file and continue.\n\n[Ignore] do not add new host/key pair to the ~/.ssh/knownhosts file, but continue neverthe‐\nless (at you own risk).\n\n[No] abort connection.\n\n#### Undelete File System\n\nOn Linux systems, if you asked configure to use the ext2fs undelete facilities, you will have\nthe undelete file system available. Recovery of deleted files is only available on ext2 file\nsystems. The undelete file system is just an interface to the ext2fs library to retrieve all\nof the deleted files names on an ext2fs and provides and to extract the selected files into a\nregular partition.\n\nTo use this file system, you have to chdir into the special file name formed by the \"un‐\ndel://\" prefix and the file name where the actual file system resides.\n\nFor example, to recover deleted files on the second partition of the first SCSI disk on\nLinux, you would use the following path name:\n\nundel://sda2\n\nIt may take a while for the undelfs to load the required information before you start brows‐\ning files there.\n\n#### SMB File System\n\nThe smbfs allows you to manipulate files on remote machines with SMB (or CIFS) protocol.\nThese include Windows for Workgroups, Windows 9x/ME/XP, Windows NT, Windows 2000 and Samba.\nTo actually use it, you may try to use the panel command \"SMB link...\" (accessible from the\nmenubar) or you may directly change your current directory to it using the cd command to a\npath name that looks like this:\n\nsmb://[user@]machine[/service][/remote-dir]\n\nThe user, service and remote-dir elements are optional. The user, domain and password can be\nspecified in an input dialog.\n\nExamples:\n\nsmb://machine/Share\nsmb://othermachine\nsmb://guest@machine/Public/Irlex\n\n#### EXTernal File System\n\nextfs allows you to integrate numerous features and file types into GNU Midnight Commander in\nan easy way, by writing scripts.\n\nExtfs filesystems can be divided into two categories:\n\n1. Stand-alone filesystems, which are not associated with any existing file. They represent\ncertain system-wide data as a directory tree. You can invoke them by typing cd fsname://\nwhere fsname is an extfs short name (see below). Examples of such filesystems include audio\n(list audio tracks on the CD) or apt (list of all Debian packages in the system).\n\nFor example, to list CD-Audio tracks on your CD-ROM drive, type\n\ncd audio://\n\n2. 'Archive' filesystems (like rpm, patchfs and more), which represent contents of a file as\na directory tree. It can consist of 'real' files compressed in an archive (urar, rpm) or\nvirtual files, like messages in a mailbox (mailfs) or parts of a patch (patchfs). To access\nsuch filesystems fsname:// should be appended to the archive name. Note that the archive it‐\nself can be on another vfs.\n\nFor example, to list contents of a zip archive documents.zip type\n\ncd documents.zip/uzip://\n\nIn many aspects, you could treat extfs like any other directory. For instance, you can add\nit to the hotlist or change to it from directory history. An important limitation is that\nyou cannot invoke shell commands inside extfs, just like any other non-local VFS.\n\nCommon extfs scripts included with Midnight Commander are:\n\na access 'A:' DOS/Windows diskette (cd a://).\n\napt front end to Debian's APT package management system (cd apt://).\n\naudio audio CD ripping and playing (cd audio:// or cd device/audio://).\n\nbpp package of Bad Penguin GNU/Linux distribution (cd file.bpp/bpp://).\n\ndeb package of Debian GNU/Linux distribution (cd file.deb/deb://).\n\ndpkg Debian GNU/Linux installed packages (cd deb://).\n\nhp48 view and copy files to/from a HP48 calculator (cd hp48://).\n\nlslR browsing of lslR listings as found on many FTPs (cd filename/lslR://).\n\nmailfs mbox-style mailbox files support (cd mailbox/mailfs://).\n\n#### patchfs\n\nextfs to handle unified and context diffs (cd filename/patchfs://).\n\nrpm RPM package (cd filename/rpm://).\n\nrpms RPM database management (cd rpms://).\n\n#### ulha, urar, uzip, uzoo, uar, uha\n\narchivers (cd archive/xxxx:// where xxxx is one of: ulha, urar, uzip, uzoo, uar, uha).\n\nYou could bind file type/extension to specified extfs as described in the Edit Extension File\nsection. Here is an example entry for Debian packages:\n\nregex/.deb$\nOpen=%cd %p/deb://\n\n### Colors\n\nMidnight Commander will try to detect if your terminal supports color using the terminal\ndatabase and your terminal name. Sometimes it gets confused, so you may force color mode or\ndisable color mode using the -c and -b flag respectively.\n\nIf the program is compiled with the S-Lang screen manager instead of ncurses, it will also\ncheck the variable COLORTERM, if it is set, it has the same effect as the -c flag.\n\nYou may specify terminals that always force color mode by adding the colorterminals variable\nto the Colors section of the initialization file. This will prevent Midnight Commander from\ntrying to detect if your terminal supports color. Example:\n\n[Colors]\ncolorterminals=linux,xterm\ncolorterminals=terminal-name1,terminal-name2...\n\nThe program can be compiled with both ncurses and S-Lang, ncurses does not provide a way to\nforce color mode: ncurses uses just the information in the terminal database.\n\nMidnight Commander provides a way to change the default colors. Currently the colors are\nconfigured using the environment variable MCCOLORTABLE or the Colors section in the ini‐\ntialization file.\n\nIn the Colors section, the default color map is loaded from the basecolor variable. You can\nspecify an alternate color map for a terminal by using the terminal name as the key in this\nsection. Example:\n\n[Colors]\nbasecolor=\nxterm=menu=magenta:marked=,magenta:markselect=,red\n\nThe format for the color definition is:\n\n=,,:=...\n\nThe colors are optional, and the keywords are: normal, selected, disabled, marked, markse‐\nlect, errors, input, inputmark, inputunchanged, commandlinemark, reverse, gauge, header, in‐\nputhistory, commandhistory. Button bar colors are: bbarhotkey, bbarbutton. Status bar color:\nstatusbar. Menu colors are: menunormal, menusel, menuhot, menuhotsel, menuinactive. Dialog\ncolors are: dnormal, dfocus, dhotnormal, dhotfocus, dtitle. Error dialog colors are: errdfo‐\ncus, errdhotnormal, errdhotfocus, errdtitle. Help colors are: helpnormal, helpitalic, help‐\nbold, helplink, helpslink, helptitle. Viewer colors are: viewnormal, viewbold, viewunder‐\nline, viewselected. Editor colors are: editnormal, editbold, editmarked, editwhitespace, ed‐\nitlinestate. Popup menu colors are: pmenunormal, pmenusel, pmenutitle.\n\nheader determines the color of panel header, the line that contains column titles and sort\nmode indicator.\n\ninput determines the color of input lines used in query dialogs.\n\ngauge determines the color of the filled part of the progress bar (gauge), which is used to\nshow the user the progress of file operations, such as copying.\n\ndisabled determines the color of the widget that cannot be selected.\n\nThe dialog boxes use the following colors: dnormal is used for the normal text, dfocus is the\ncolor used for the currently selected component, dhotnormal is the color used to differenti‐\nate the hotkey color in normal components, whereas the dhotfocus color is used for the high‐\nlighted color in the currently selected component.\n\nMenus use the same scheme but uses the menunormal, menusel, menuhot, menuhotsel and menuinac‐\ntive tags instead.\n\nHelp uses the following colors: helpnormal is used for normal text, helpitalic is used for\ntext which is emphasized in italic in the manual page, helpbold is used for text which is em‐\nphasized in bold in the manual page, helplink is used for not selected hyperlinks and help‐\nslink is used for selected hyperlink.\n\nPopup menu uses following colors: pmenunormal is used for non-selected menu items and as a\nmain color of popup menu window, pmenusel is used for selected menu item, pmenutitle is used\nfor popup menu title.\n\nThe possible colors are: black, gray, red, brightred, green, brightgreen, brown, yellow,\nblue, brightblue, magenta, brightmagenta, cyan, brightcyan, lightgray and white. And there is\na special keyword for transparent background. It is 'default'. The 'default' can only be used\nfor background color. Another special keyword \"base\" means mc's main colors. When 256 colors\nare available, they can be specified either as color16 to color255, or as rgb000 to rgb555\nand gray0 to gray23. Example:\n\n[Colors]\nbasecolor=normal=white,default:marked=magenta,default\n\nAttributes can be any of bold, italic, underline, reverse and blink, appended by a plus sign\nif more than one are desired. The special word \"none\" means no attributes, without attempt‐\ning to fall back to basecolor. Example:\n\nmenuhotsel=yellow;black;bold+underline\n\n### Skins\n\nYou can change the appearance of Midnight Commander. To do this, you must specify a file\nthat contain descriptions of colors and lines to draw boxes. Redefining of the colors is en‐\ntirely compatible with the assignment of colors, as described in Section Colors.\n\nIf your skin contains any true-color definitions, you should define the 'truecolors' key set\nto TRUE value in [skin] section. If true-color is not used but 256-color is, you should de‐\nfine '256colors' instead.\n\nA skin-file is searched on the following algorithm (to the first one found):\n\n1) command line option -S or --skin=\n2) Environment variable MCSKIN\n3) Parameter skin in section [Midnight-Commander] in config file.\n4) File /etc/mc/skins/default.ini\n5) File /usr/share/mc/skins/default.ini\n\n\nCommand line option, environment variable and parameter in config file may contain the abso‐\nlute path to the skin-file (with the extension .ini or without it). Search of skin-file will\noccur in (to the first one found):\n\n1) ~/.local/share/mc/skins/\n2) /etc/mc/skins/\n3) /usr/share/mc/skins/\n\n\nFor getting extended info, refer to:\n\nDescription of section and parameters\nColor pair definitions\nColor and attribute aliases\nDraw lines\nCompatibility\n\n#### Description of section and parameters\n\nSection [skin] contain metainfo for skin-file. Parameter description contain short text about\nskin.\n\n\nSection [filehighlight] contain descriptions of color pairs for filenames highlighting. Name\nof parameters must be equal to names of sections into filehighlight.ini file. See Filenames\nHighlight for getting more info.\n\n\nSection [core] describes the elements that are used everywhere.\n\ndefault\nDefault color pair. Used in all other sections if they not contain color definitions\n\nselected\ncursor\n\nmarked selected data\n\nmarkselect\ncursor on selected data\n\ngauge color of the filled part of the progress bar\n\ninput color of input lines used in query dialogs\n\ninputmark\ncolor of input selected text\n\ninputunchanged\ncolor of input text before first modification or cursor movement\n\ncommandlinemark\ncolor of selected text in command line\n\nreverse\nreverse color\n\nSection [dialog] describes the elements that are placed on dialog windows (except error di‐\nalogs).\n\ndefault\nDefault color for this section. Used [core].default if not specified\n\ndfocus Color of active element (in focus)\n\ndhotnormal\nColor of hotkeys\n\ndhotfocus\nColor of hotkeys in focused element\n\n\nSection [error] describes the elements that are placed on error dialog windows\n\ndefault\nDefault color for this section. Used [core].default if not specified\n\nerrdhotnormal\nColor of hotkeys\n\nerrdhotfocus\nColor of hotkeys in focused element\n\n\nSection [menu] describes the elements that are placed in menu. This section describes system\nmenu (called by F9) and user-defined menus (called by F2 in panels and by F11 in editor).\n\ndefault\nDefault color for this section. Used [core].default if not specified\n\nentry Color of menu items\n\nmenuhot\nColor of menu hotkeys\n\nmenusel\nColor of active menu item (in focus)\n\nmenuhotsel\nColor of menu hotkeys in focused menu item\n\nmenuinactive\nColor of inactive menu\n\n\nSection [help] describes the elements that are placed on help window.\n\ndefault\nDefault color for this section. Used [core].default if not specified\n\nhelpitalic\nColor pair for element with italic attribute\n\nhelpbold\nColor pair for element with bold attribute\n\nhelplink\nColor of links\n\nhelpslink\nColor of active link (on focus)\n\n\nSection [editor] describes the colors of elements placed in editor.\n\ndefault\nDefault color for this section. Used [core].default if not specified\n\neditbold\nColor pair for element with bold attribute\n\neditmarked\nColor of selected text\n\neditwhitespace\nColor of tabs and trailing spaces highlighting\n\neditlinestate\nColor for line state area\n\n\nSection [viewer] describes the colors of elements placed in viewer.\n\nviewunderline\nColor pair for element with underline attribute\n\n#### Color pair definitions\n\nAny parameter in skin-file contain definition of color pair.\n\nColor pairs described as two colors and the optional attributes separated by ';'. First field\nsets the foreground color, second field sets background color, third field sets the at‐\ntributes. Any of the fields may be omitted, in this case value will be taken from default\ncolor pair (global color pair or from default color pair of this section).\n\nExample:\n[core]\n# green on black\ndefault=green;black\n# green (default) on blue\nselected=;blue\n# yellow on black (default)\n# underlined yellow on black (default)\nmarked=yellow;;underline\n\n\nPossible colors (names) and attributes are described in Colors. section.\n\n#### Color and attribute aliases\n\nThis optional section might define aliases for single colors (not color pairs) as well as\ncombination of attributes; in other words, for semicolon-separated fragments of parameters.\nAliases can refer to other aliases as long as they don't form a loop.\n\nExample:\n[aliases]\nmyfavfg=green\nmyfavbg=black\nmyfavattr=bold+italic\n[core]\ndefault=myfavfg;myfavbg;myfavattr\n\n#### Draw lines\n\nLines sets in section [Lines] into skin-file. By default single lines are used, but you may\nredefine to usage of any utf-8 symbols (like to lines, for example).\n\nWARNING!!! When you build Midnight Commander with the ncurses screen library usage of draw‐\ning lines is limited! Possible only drawing a single lines. For all questions and comments\nplease contact the developers of ncurses.\n\n\nDescriptions of parameters [Lines]:\n\nlefttop\nleft-top line fragment.\n\nrighttop\nright-top line fragment.\n\ncentertop\ndown branch of horizontal line\n\ncenterbottom\nup branch of horizontal line\n\nleftbottom\nleft-bottom line fragment\n\nrightbottom\nright-bottom line fragment\n\nleftmiddle\nright branch of vertical line\n\nrightmiddle\nleft branch of vertical line\n\ncentermiddle\ncross of lines\n\nhoriz horizontal line\n\nvert vertical line\n\nthinhoriz\nthin horizontal line\n\nthinvert\nthin vertical line\n\n#### Compatibility\n\nAppointment of color by skin-files fully compatible with the appointment of the colors de‐\nscribed in Colors. section.\n\nIn this case, reassignment of colors has priority over the skin file and is complementary.\n\n#### Filenames Highlight\n\nSection [filehighlight] in current skin-file contains key names as highlight groups and val‐\nues as color pairs. Color pairs is documented in Skins section.\n\nRules of filenames highlight are placed in /usr/share/mc/filehighlight.ini file (~/.con‐\nfig/mc/filehighlight.ini). Name of section in this file must be equal to parameters names in\n[filehighlight] section (in current skin-file).\n\nKeys in these groups are:\n\ntype file type. If present, all other options are ignored.\n\nregexp regular expression. If present, 'extensions' option is ignored.\n\nextensions\nlist of extensions of files. Separated by ';' sign.\n\nextensionscase\n(make sense only with 'extensions' parameter) make 'extensions' rule case sensitive\n(true) or not (false).\n\n`type' key may have values:\n- FILE (all files)\n- FILEEXE\n- DIR (all directories)\n- LINKDIR\n- LINK (all links except stale link)\n- HARDLINK\n- SYMLINK\n- STALELINK\n- DEVICE (all device files)\n- DEVICEBLOCK\n- DEVICECHAR\n- SPECIAL (all special files)\n- SPECIALSOCKET\n- SPECIALFIFO\n- SPECIALDOOR\n\n#### Special Settings\n\nMost of Midnight Commander settings can be changed from the menus. However, there are a small\nnumber of settings which can only be changed by editing the setup file.\n\nThese variables may be set in your ~/.config/mc/ini file:\n\nclearbeforeexec\nBy default, Midnight Commander clears the screen before executing a command. If you\nwould prefer to see the output of the command at the bottom of the screen, edit your\n~/.config/mc/ini file and change the value of the field clearbeforeexec to 0.\n\nconfirmviewdir\nIf you press F3 on a directory, normally MC enters that directory. If this flag is\nset to 1, then MC will ask for confirmation before changing the directory if you have\nfiles tagged.\n\nftpfsretryseconds\nThis value is the number of seconds Midnight Commander will wait before attempting to\nreconnect to an FTP server that has denied the login. If the value is zero, the login\nwill no be retried.\n\nmaxdirtlimit\nSpecifies how many screen updates can be skipped at most in the internal file viewer.\nNormally this value is not significant, because the code automatically adjusts the\nnumber of updates to skip according to the rate of incoming keystrokes. However, on\nvery slow machines or terminals with a fast keyboard auto repeat, a big value can make\nscreen updates too jumpy.\n\nIt seems that setting maxdirtlimit to 10 causes the best behavior, and that is the\ndefault value.\n\nmousemovepagesviewer\nControls if scrolling with the mouse is done by pages or line by line on the internal\nfile viewer.\n\nonlyleadingplusminus\nAllow special treatment for '+', '-', '*' in the command line (select, unselect, re‐\nverse selection) only if the command line is empty. You don't need to quote those\ncharacters in the middle of the command line. On the other hand, you cannot use them\nto change selection when the command line is not empty.\n\nalternateplusminus\nIf true, use '+', '-', '\\' and '*' keys normally. For select/unselect, use 'Alt-+',\n'Alt--' and 'Alt-*'.\n\nshowoutputstartsshell\nThis variable only works if you are not using the subshell support. When you use the\nC-o keystroke to go back to the user screen, if this one is set, you will get a fresh\nshell. Otherwise, pressing any key will bring you back to Midnight Commander.\n\ntimeformatrecent\nChange the time format used to display dates less than 6 months from now. See strf‐\ntime or date man page for the format specification. If this option is absent, default\ntimeformat is used.\n\ntimeformatold\nChange the time format used to display dates older than 6 months from now or for\ndates in the future. See strftime or date man page for the format specification. If\nthis option is absent, default timeformat is used.\n\ntorbenfjmode\nIf this flag is set, then the home and end keys will work slightly different on the\npanels, instead of moving the selection to the first and last files in the panels,\nthey will act as follows:\n\nThe home key will: Go up to the middle line, if below it; else go to the top line un‐\nless it is already on the top line, in this case it will go to the first file in the\npanel.\n\nThe end key has a similar behavior: Go down to the middle line, if over it; else go to\nthe bottom line unless you already are at the bottom line, in such case it will move\nthe selection to the last file name in the panel.\n\nusefiletoguesstype\nIf this variable is on (the default) it will spawn the file command to match the file\ntypes listed on the mc.ext file.\n\nxtreemode\nIf this variable is on (default is off) when you browse the file system on a Tree\npanel, it will automatically reload the other panel with the contents of the selected\ndirectory.\n\nfishdirectorytimeout\nThis variable holds the lifetime of a directory cache entry in seconds. The default\nvalue is 900 seconds.\n\nclipboardstore\nThis variable contains path (with options) to the external clipboard utility like\n'xclip' to read text into X selection from file. For example:\n\nclipboardstore=xclip -i\n\nclipboardpaste\nThis variable contains path (with options) to the external clipboard utility like\n'xclip' to print the selection to standard out. For example:\n\nclipboardpaste=xclip -o\n\nautodetectcodeset\nThis option allows use the `enca' command to autodetect codeset of text files in in‐\nternal viewer and editor. List of valid values can be obtain by the `enca --list lan‐\nguages | cut -d : -f1' command. Option must be located in the [Misc] section.\n\nFor example:\n\nautodetectcodeset=russian\n\n#### Parameters for external editor or viewer\n\nMidnight Commander provides a way for specify an options for external editors and viewers.\nMidnight Commander tries to search the \"[External editor or viewer parameters]\" section in\nthe system initialization file (the mc.lib file located in Midnight Commander's library di‐\nrectory) and then in the ~/.config/mc/ini file. The option name should be equal to the name\n(full pathname) of external editor or viewer. The option value can contain following vari‐\nables:\n\n%filename\nThe filename to edit/view.\n\n%lineno\nThe start line in the opening file.\n\nFor example:\n\n[External editor or viewer parameters]\nvi=%filename +%lineno\njoe=%filename +%lineno\nmore=%filename +%lineno\n\nStart line is passed to the external editor/viewer only if it is called from the Find file\nresults window.\n\nIf external editor/viewer is launched via F4/F3 keys, MC hopes that program (at least \"joe\",\nbut probably others too) has an own feature that by default opens the file where it was last\nopen. MC doesn't prevent external editor/viewer to save and restore position in opened files.\n\n#### Terminal databases\n\nMidnight Commander provides a way to fix your system terminal database without requiring root\nprivileges. Midnight Commander searches in the system initialization file (the mc.lib file\nlocated in Midnight Commander's library directory) and in the ~/.config/mc/ini file for the\nsection \"terminal:your-terminal-name\" and then for the section \"terminal:general\", each line\nof the section contains a key symbol that you want to define, followed by an equal sign and\nthe definition for the key. You can use the special \\e form to represent the escape charac‐\nter and the ^x to represent the control-x character.\n\nThe possible key symbols are:\n\nf0 to f20 Function keys f0-f20\nbs backspace\nhome home key\nend end key\nup up arrow key\ndown down arrow key\nleft left arrow key\nright right arrow key\npgdn page down key\npgup page up key\ninsert the insert character\ndelete the delete character\ncomplete to do completion\n\nFor example, to define the key insert to be the Escape + [ + O + p, you set this in the ini\nfile:\n\ninsert=\\e[Op\n\n\nAlso now you can use extended learn keys. For example:\n\nctrl-alt-right=\\e[[1;6C\nctrl-alt-left=\\e[[1;6D\n\n\nThis means that ctrl+alt+left sends a \\e[[1;6D escape sequence and therefore Midnight Comman‐\nder interprets \"\\e[[1;6D\" as C-Alt-Left.\n\n\nThe complete key symbol represents the escape sequences used to invoke the completion\nprocess, this is invoked with Alt-tab, but you can define other keys to do the same work (on\nthose keyboard with tons of nice and unused keys everywhere).\n\n### FILES\n\nFull paths below may vary between installations. They are also affected by the MCDATADIR\nenvironment variable. If it's set, its value is used instead of /usr/share/mc in the paths\nbelow.\n\n/usr/share/mc/help/mc.hlp\n\nThe help file for the program.\n\n/usr/share/mc/mc.ext\n\nThe default system-wide extensions file.\n\n~/.config/mc/mc.ext\n\nUser's own extension, view configuration and edit configuration file. They override\nthe contents of the system wide files if present.\n\n/etc/mc/mc.ini\n/usr/share/mc/mc.ini\n\nSystem-wide setup files for Midnight Commander, used only if the user doesn't have his\nown ~/.config/mc/ini file. If /etc/mc/mc.ini exists, /usr/share/mc/mc.ini isn't used.\n\n/usr/share/mc/mc.lib\n\nGlobal settings for Midnight Commander. Settings in this file affect all users,\nwhether they have ~/.config/mc/ini or not. Currently, only terminal settings are\nloaded from mc.lib.\n\n~/.config/mc/ini\n\nUser's own setup. If this file is present then the setup is loaded from here instead\nof the system-wide startup file.\n\n/usr/share/mc/hints/mc.hint\n\nThis file contains the hints displayed by the program.\n\n/usr/share/mc/mc.menu\n\nThis file contains the default system-wide applications menu.\n\n~/.config/mc/menu\n\nUser's own application menu. If this file is present it is used instead of the sys‐\ntem-wide applications menu.\n\n~/.cache/mc/Tree\n\nThe directory list for the directory tree and tree view features.\n\n~/.local/share/mc.menu\n\nLocal user-defined menu. If this file is present, it is used instead of the home or\nsystem-wide applications menu.\n\nTo change default root directory of MC, you can use MCPROFILEROOT environment variable. The\nvalue of MCPROFILEROOT must be an absolute path. If MCPROFILEROOT is unset or empty,\nHOME variable is used. If HOME is unset or empty, MC directories are get from GLib library.\n\n### LICENSE\n\nThis program is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\nthe Free Software Foundation. See the built-in help for details on the License and the lack\nof warranty.\n\n### AVAILABILITY\n\nThe latest version of this program can be found at http://ftp.midnight-commander.org/.\n\n### SEE ALSO\n\ned(1), gpm(1), terminfo(1), view(1), sh(1), bash(1), tcsh(1), zsh(1).\n\nMidnight Commander's page on the World Wide Web:\nhttp://www.midnight-commander.org/\n\n### AUTHORS\n\nAuthors and contributors are listed in the AUTHORS file in the source distribution.\n\n### BUGS\n\nSee the file TODO in the distribution for information on what remains to be done.\n\nIf you want to report a problem with the program, please create bugreport at http://www.mid‐\nnight-commander.org/.\n\nProvide a detailed description of the bug, the version of the program you are running (mc -V\ndisplays this information), the operating system you are running the program on. If the pro‐\ngram crashes, we would appreciate a stack trace.\n\n\n\nMC Version 4.8.27 August 2021 MC(1)\n\n" } ], "structuredContent": { "command": "mcdiff", "section": "", "mode": "man", "summary": "mc - Visual shell for Unix-like systems.", "synopsis": "mc [-abcCdfhPstuUVx] [-l log] [dir1 [dir2]] [-e [file] ...] [-v file]", "flags": [], "examples": [], "see_also": [ { "name": "ed", "section": "1", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/ed/1/json" }, { "name": "gpm", "section": "1", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/gpm/1/json" }, { "name": "terminfo", "section": "1", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/terminfo/1/json" }, { "name": "view", "section": "1", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/view/1/json" }, { "name": "sh", "section": "1", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/sh/1/json" }, { "name": "bash", "section": "1", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/bash/1/json" }, { "name": "tcsh", "section": "1", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/tcsh/1/json" }, { "name": "zsh", "section": "1", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/zsh/1/json" } ], "section_outline": [ { "name": "NAME", "lines": 2, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "SYNOPSIS", "lines": 2, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "DESCRIPTION", "lines": 2, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "OPTIONS", "lines": 99, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "Overview", "lines": 18, "subsections": [ { "name": "Mouse Support", "lines": 23 } ] }, { "name": "Keys", "lines": 4, "subsections": [ { "name": "C-", "lines": 3 }, { "name": "Alt-", "lines": 3 }, { "name": "S-", "lines": 28 }, { "name": "Redefine hotkey bindings", "lines": 20 }, { "name": "Miscellaneous Keys", "lines": 47 }, { "name": "Directory Panels", "lines": 3 }, { "name": "Tab, C-i", "lines": 4 }, { "name": "Insert, C-t", "lines": 7 }, { "name": "Alt-g, Alt-r, Alt-j", "lines": 7 }, { "name": "C-\\ (control-backslash)", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "+ (plus)", "lines": 9 }, { "name": "\\ (backslash)", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "up-key, C-p", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "down-key, C-n", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "home, a1, Alt-<", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "end, c1, Alt->", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "next-page, C-v", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "prev-page, Alt-v", "lines": 11 }, { "name": "C-PageUp, C-PageDown", "lines": 9 }, { "name": "Alt-S-h, Alt-H", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "Quick search", "lines": 14 }, { "name": "Shell Command Line", "lines": 3 }, { "name": "Alt-Enter", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "C-Enter", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "C-S-Enter", "lines": 3 }, { "name": "Alt-Tab", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "C-x t, C-x C-t", "lines": 3 }, { "name": "C-x p, C-x C-p", "lines": 6 }, { "name": "Alt-p, Alt-n", "lines": 5 }, { "name": "General Movement Keys", "lines": 6 }, { "name": "Up, C-p", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "Down, C-n", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "Prev Page, Page Up, Alt-v", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "Next Page, Page Down, C-v", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "Home, A1", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "End, C1", "lines": 5 }, { "name": "b, C-b, C-h, Backspace, Delete", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "Space bar", "lines": 6 }, { "name": "Input Line Keys", "lines": 7 }, { "name": "C-b, move-left", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "C-f, move-right", "lines": 6 }, { "name": "C-h, Backspace", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "C-d, Delete", "lines": 13 }, { "name": "Alt-p, Alt-n", "lines": 3 }, { "name": "Alt-C-h, Alt-Backspace", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "Alt-Tab", "lines": 3 }, { "name": "Menu Bar", "lines": 14 }, { "name": "Left and Right (Above and Below) Menus", "lines": 4 }, { "name": "Listing Format...", "lines": 87 }, { "name": "Quick View", "lines": 4 }, { "name": "Sort Order...", "lines": 8 }, { "name": "Filter...", "lines": 4 }, { "name": "Reread", "lines": 3 }, { "name": "File Menu", "lines": 8 }, { "name": "Help (F1)", "lines": 5 }, { "name": "Menu (F2)", "lines": 3 }, { "name": "View (F3, F13)", "lines": 9 }, { "name": "Filtered View (Alt-!)", "lines": 3 }, { "name": "Edit (F4, F14)", "lines": 7 }, { "name": "Copy (F5, F15)", "lines": 15 }, { "name": "Link (C-x l)", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "Absolute symlink (C-x s)", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "Relative symLink (C-x v)", "lines": 36 }, { "name": "Rename/Move (F6, F16)", "lines": 12 }, { "name": "Mkdir (F7)", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "Delete (F8)", "lines": 6 }, { "name": "Select group (+)", "lines": 9 }, { "name": "Unselect group (\\)", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "Quit (F10, S-F10)", "lines": 4 }, { "name": "Quick cd", "lines": 5 }, { "name": "Command Menu", "lines": 35 }, { "name": "Directory Tree", "lines": 19 }, { "name": "C-r, F2 (Rescan).", "lines": 3 }, { "name": "F3 (Forget).", "lines": 4 }, { "name": "F4 (Static/Dynamic).", "lines": 10 }, { "name": "F5 (Copy).", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "F6 (RenMov).", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "F7 (Mkdir).", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "F8 (Delete).", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "C-s, Alt-s.", "lines": 3 }, { "name": "C-h, Backspace.", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "Any other character.", "lines": 7 }, { "name": "F1 (Help).", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "Esc, F10.", "lines": 5 }, { "name": "Find File", "lines": 41 }, { "name": "External panelize", "lines": 21 }, { "name": "Hotlist", "lines": 10 }, { "name": "Edit Extension File", "lines": 40 }, { "name": "Background Jobs", "lines": 4 }, { "name": "Edit Menu File", "lines": 50 }, { "name": "Default Conditions", "lines": 55 }, { "name": "Addition Conditions", "lines": 12 }, { "name": "Options Menu", "lines": 29 }, { "name": "Configuration", "lines": 3 }, { "name": "File operation options", "lines": 21 }, { "name": "Esc key mode.", "lines": 13 }, { "name": "Pause after run", "lines": 13 }, { "name": "Other options", "lines": 51 }, { "name": "Layout", "lines": 4 }, { "name": "Panel split", "lines": 7 }, { "name": "Console output", "lines": 3 }, { "name": "Other options", "lines": 19 }, { "name": "Panel options", "lines": 1 }, { "name": "Main panel options", "lines": 41 }, { "name": "Navigation", "lines": 16 }, { "name": "File highlight", "lines": 7 }, { "name": "Quick search", "lines": 3 }, { "name": "Confirmation", "lines": 4 }, { "name": "Appearance", "lines": 7 }, { "name": "Display bits", "lines": 5 }, { "name": "Learn keys", "lines": 25 }, { "name": "Virtual FS", "lines": 55 }, { "name": "Save Setup", "lines": 16 }, { "name": "Executing operating system commands", "lines": 9 }, { "name": "The cd internal command", "lines": 23 }, { "name": "Macro Substitution", "lines": 65 }, { "name": "The subshell support", "lines": 38 } ] }, { "name": "Chmod", "lines": 36, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "Chown", "lines": 3, "subsections": [ { "name": "Advanced Chown", "lines": 3 } ] }, { "name": "Chattr", "lines": 30, "subsections": [ { "name": "File Operations", "lines": 33 }, { "name": "Mask Copy/Rename", "lines": 8 }, { "name": "Follow links", "lines": 4 }, { "name": "Dive into subdirs", "lines": 10 }, { "name": "Preserve attributes", "lines": 4 }, { "name": "Use shell patterns", "lines": 16 }, { "name": "Use shell patterns off", "lines": 13 }, { "name": "Case Conversions", "lines": 16 }, { "name": "Stable symlinks", "lines": 7 }, { "name": "Select/Unselect Files", "lines": 10 }, { "name": "Internal Diff Viewer", "lines": 20 }, { "name": "F10, Esc, q", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "Alt-s, s", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "Alt-n, l", "lines": 12 }, { "name": "2, 3, 4, 8", "lines": 8 }, { "name": "Enter, Space, n", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "Backspace, p", "lines": 10 }, { "name": "PageDown", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "Home, A1", "lines": 6 }, { "name": "C-End, C1", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "Internal File Viewer", "lines": 29 }, { "name": "F7, /, ?", "lines": 21 }, { "name": "F10, Esc.", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "PageDown, space, C-v.", "lines": 2 }, { "name": "PageUp, Alt-v, C-b, Backspace.", "lines": 28 }, { "name": "Internal File Editor", "lines": 41 }, { "name": "Options of editor in ini-file", "lines": 8 }, { "name": "Screen selector", "lines": 14 } ] }, { "name": "Completion", "lines": 26, "subsections": [ { "name": "Virtual File System", "lines": 20 }, { "name": "FTP File System", "lines": 25 }, { "name": "Tar File System", "lines": 17 }, { "name": "FIle transfer over SHell filesystem", "lines": 27 }, { "name": "SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) filesystem", "lines": 33 }, { "name": "Undelete File System", "lines": 17 }, { "name": "SMB File System", "lines": 17 }, { "name": "EXTernal File System", "lines": 48 }, { "name": "patchfs", "lines": 6 }, { "name": "ulha, urar, uzip, uzoo, uar, uha", "lines": 8 } ] }, { "name": "Colors", "lines": 88, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "Skins", "lines": 35, "subsections": [ { "name": "Description of section and parameters", "lines": 128 }, { "name": "Color pair definitions", "lines": 21 }, { "name": "Color and attribute aliases", "lines": 13 }, { "name": "Draw lines", "lines": 49 }, { "name": "Compatibility", "lines": 6 }, { "name": "Filenames Highlight", "lines": 37 }, { "name": "Special Settings", "lines": 106 }, { "name": "Parameters for external editor or viewer", "lines": 27 }, { "name": "Terminal databases", "lines": 45 } ] }, { "name": "FILES", "lines": 60, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "LICENSE", "lines": 4, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "AVAILABILITY", "lines": 2, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "SEE ALSO", "lines": 5, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "AUTHORS", "lines": 2, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "BUGS", "lines": 12, "subsections": [] } ] } }