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LOGROTATE(8)                      System Administrator's Manual                      LOGROTATE(8)

NAME
       logrotate - rotates, compresses, and mails system logs

SYNOPSIS
       logrotate  [--force] [--debug] [--state file] [--skip-state-lock] [--verbose] [--log file]
       [--mail command] config_file [config_file2 ...]

DESCRIPTION
       logrotate is designed to ease administration of systems that generate large numbers of log
       files.   It  allows  automatic  rotation,  compression, removal, and mailing of log files.
       Each log file may be handled daily, weekly, monthly, or when it grows too large.

       Normally, logrotate is run as a daily cron job.  It will not modify a log more  than  once
       in  one  day unless the criterion for that log is based on the log's size and logrotate is
       being run more than once each day, or unless the -f or --force option is used.

       Any number of config files may be given on the command line.  Later config files may over-
       ride  the options given in earlier files, so the order in which the logrotate config files
       are listed is important.  Normally, a single config file which includes any  other  config
       files  which  are needed should be used.  See below for more information on how to use the
       include directive to accomplish this.  If a directory is given on the command line,  every
       file in that directory is used as a config file.

       If  no command line arguments are given, logrotate will print version and copyright infor-
       mation, along with a short usage summary.  If any errors occur while rotating logs, logro-
       tate will exit with non-zero status, although the state file will be updated.

OPTIONS
       -f, --force
              Tells  logrotate to force the rotation, even if it doesn't think this is necessary.
              Sometimes this is useful after adding new entries to a logrotate config file, or if
              old log files have been removed by hand, as the new files will be created, and log-
              ging will continue correctly.

       -d, --debug
              Turn on debug mode, which means that no changes are made to the logs and the logro-
              tate state file is not updated.  Only debug messages are printed.

       -s, --state statefile
              Tells logrotate to use an alternate state file.  This is useful if logrotate is be-
              ing run as a different user for various sets of log files.  To prevent parallel ex-
              ecution logrotate by default acquires a lock on the state file, if it cannot be ac-
              quired logrotate will exit with value 3.  The default state file is /var/lib/logro-
              tate/status.   If /dev/null is given as the state file, then logrotate will not try
              to write the state file.

       --skip-state-lock
              Do not lock the state file, for example if locking is unsupported or prohibited.

       -v, --verbose
              Turns on verbose mode, for example to display messages during rotation.

       -l, --log file
              Tells logrotate to log verbose output into the log_file.  The verbose output logged
              to that file is the same as when running logrotate with -v switch.  The log file is
              overwritten on every logrotate execution.

       -m, --mail command
              Tells logrotate which command to use when mailing logs.  This command should accept
              the following arguments:

              1) the subject of the message given with '-s subject'
              2) the recipient.

              The  command  must then read a message on standard input and mail it to the recipi-
              ent.  The default mail command is /usr/bin/mail.

       --usage
              Prints a short usage message.

       -?, --help
              Prints help message.

       --version
              Display version information.

CONFIGURATION FILE
       logrotate reads everything about the log files it should be handling from  the  series  of
       configuration files specified on the command line.  Each configuration file can set global
       options (local definitions override global ones, and later  definitions  override  earlier
       ones)  and specify logfiles to rotate.  Global options do not affect preceding include di-
       rectives.  A simple configuration file looks like this:

       # sample logrotate configuration file
       compress

       /var/log/messages {
           rotate 5
           weekly
           postrotate
               /usr/bin/killall -HUP syslogd
           endscript
       }

       "/var/log/httpd/access.log" /var/log/httpd/error.log {
           rotate 5
           mail recipient AT example.org
           size 100k
           sharedscripts
           postrotate
               /usr/bin/killall -HUP httpd
           endscript
       }

       /var/log/news/* {
           monthly
           rotate 2
           olddir /var/log/news/old
           missingok
           sharedscripts
           postrotate
               kill -HUP $(cat /var/run/inn.pid)
           endscript
           nocompress
       }

       ~/log/*.log {}

       The first few lines set global options; in the example, logs are compressed after they are
       rotated.   Note  that comments may appear anywhere in the config file as long as the first
       non-whitespace character on the line is a #.

       Values are separated from directives by whitespace and/or an optional =.  Numbers must  be
       specified in a format understood by strtoul(3).

       The  next section of the config file defines how to handle the log file /var/log/messages.
       The log will go through five weekly rotations before being removed.  After  the  log  file
       has  been rotated (but before the old version of the log has been compressed), the command
       /usr/bin/killall -HUP syslogd will be executed.

       The  next  section  defines  the  parameters  for   both   /var/log/httpd/access.log   and
       /var/log/httpd/error.log.   Each  is rotated whenever it grows over 100 kilobytes in size,
       and the old logs files are mailed  (uncompressed)  to  recipient AT example.org  after  going
       through  5 rotations, rather than being removed.  The sharedscripts means that the postro-
       tate script will only be run once (after the old logs have been compressed), not once  for
       each  log  which is rotated.  Note that log file names may be enclosed in quotes (and that
       quotes are required if the name contains spaces).  Normal shell quoting rules apply,  with
       ', ", and \ characters supported.

       The  next  section defines the parameters for all of the files in /var/log/news. Each file
       is rotated on a monthly basis.

       The last section uses tilde expansion to rotate log files in the  home  directory  of  the
       current user.  This is only available, if your glob library supports tilde expansion.  GNU
       glob does support this.

       Please use wildcards with caution.  If you specify *, logrotate will rotate all files, in-
       cluding  previously  rotated  ones.  A way around this is to use the olddir directive or a
       more exact wildcard (such as *.log).

       Please note, by default when using systemd(1), the option ProtectSystem=full is set in the
       logrotate.service file.  This prevents logrotate from modifying logs in /etc and /usr.

       Here is more information on the directives which may be included in a logrotate configura-
       tion file:

CONFIGURATION FILE DIRECTIVES
       These directives may be included in a logrotate configuration file:

   Rotation
       rotate count
              Log files are rotated count times before being removed or  mailed  to  the  address
              specified in a mail directive.  If count is 0, old versions are removed rather than
              rotated.  If count is -1, old logs are not removed at all, except they are affected
              by maxage (use with caution, may waste performance and disk space).  Default is 0.

       olddir directory
              Logs  are  moved  into  directory  for rotation.  The directory must be on the same
              physical device as the log file being rotated, unless copy, copytruncate or rename-
              copy  option  is  used.   The  directory is assumed to be relative to the directory
              holding the log file unless an absolute path name is specified.  When  this  option
              is  used all old versions of the log end up in directory.  This option may be over-
              ridden by the noolddir option.

       noolddir
              Logs are rotated in the directory they normally reside in (this overrides the  old-
              dir option).

       su user group
              Rotate  log files set under this user and group instead of using default user/group
              (usually root).  user specifies the user used for rotation and group specifies  the
              group  used  for  rotation  (see  the  section USER AND GROUP for details).  If the
              user/group you specify here does not have sufficient privilege to make  files  with
              the  ownership  you've specified in a create directive, it will cause an error.  If
              logrotate runs with root privileges, it is recommended to use the su  directive  to
              rotate files in directories that are directly or indirectly in control of non-priv-
              ileged users.

   Frequency
       hourly Log files are rotated every hour.  Note that usually logrotate is configured to  be
              run  by  cron  daily  (or  by  logrotate.timer when using systemd(1)).  You have to
              change this configuration and run logrotate hourly to be able to really rotate logs
              hourly.

       daily  Log files are rotated every day.

       weekly [weekday]
              Log  files  are rotated once each weekday, or if the date is advanced by at least 7
              days since the last rotation (while ignoring the exact time).  The  weekday  inter-
              pretation  is following: 0 means Sunday, 1 means Monday, ..., 6 means Saturday; the
              special value 7 means each 7 days, irrespectively of weekday.  Defaults to 0 if the
              weekday argument is omitted.

       monthly
              Log  files are rotated the first time logrotate is run in a month (this is normally
              on the first day of the month).

       yearly Log files are rotated if the current year is not the same as the last rotation.

       size size
              Log files are rotated only if they grow bigger than size bytes.  If  size  is  fol-
              lowed  by  k, the size is assumed to be in kilobytes.  If M is used, the size is in
              megabytes, and if G is used, the size is in gigabytes. So size 100, size 100k, size
              100M  and size 100G are all valid.  This option is mutually exclusive with the time
              interval options, and it causes log files to be rotated without regard for the last
              rotation  time,  if  specified  after  the time criteria (the last specified option
              takes the precedence).

   File selection
       missingok
              If the log file is missing, go on to the next one without issuing an error message.
              See also nomissingok.

       nomissingok
              If a log file does not exist, issue an error.  This is the default.

       ifempty
              Rotate  the log file even if it is empty, overriding the notifempty option (ifempty
              is the default).

       notifempty
              Do not rotate the log if it is empty (this overrides the ifempty option).

       minage count
              Do not rotate logs which are less than <count> days old.

       maxage count
              Remove rotated logs older than <count> days.  The age is only checked if  the  log-
              file is to be rotated.  rotate -1 does not hinder removal.  The files are mailed to
              the configured address if maillast and mail are configured.

       minsize size
              Log files are rotated when they grow bigger than size bytes, but not before the ad-
              ditionally  specified  time  interval (daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly).  The re-
              lated size option is similar except that it is mutually exclusive with the time in-
              terval  options,  and it causes log files to be rotated without regard for the last
              rotation time, if specified after the time  criteria  (the  last  specified  option
              takes  the precedence).  When minsize is used, both the size and timestamp of a log
              file are considered.

       maxsize size
              Log files are rotated when they grow bigger than size bytes even before  the  addi-
              tionally  specified time interval (daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly).  The related
              size option is similar except that it is mutually exclusive with the time  interval
              options, and it causes log files to be rotated without regard for the last rotation
              time, if specified after the time criteria (the last  specified  option  takes  the
              precedence).   When  maxsize is used, both the size and timestamp of a log file are
              considered.

       tabooext [+] list
              The current taboo extension list is changed (see the include directive for informa-
              tion on the taboo extensions).  If a + precedes the list of extensions, the current
              taboo extension list is augmented, otherwise it is replaced.  At startup, the taboo
              extension   list   ,v,   .cfsaved,  .disabled,  .dpkg-bak,  .dpkg-del,  .dpkg-dist,
              .dpkg-new, .dpkg-old, .rhn-cfg-tmp-*, .rpmnew, .rpmorig, .rpmsave, .swp, .ucf-dist,
              .ucf-new, .ucf-old, ~

       taboopat [+] list
              The  current  taboo glob pattern list is changed (see the include directive for in-
              formation on the taboo extensions and patterns).  If a + precedes the list of  pat-
              terns,  the  current taboo pattern list is augmented, otherwise it is replaced.  At
              startup, the taboo pattern list is empty.

   Files and Folders
       create mode owner group, create owner group
              Immediately after rotation (before the postrotate script is run) the  log  file  is
              created (with the same name as the log file just rotated).  mode specifies the mode
              for the log file in octal (the same as chmod(2)), owner specifies the user who will
              own  the  log  file, and group specifies the group the log file will belong to (see
              the section USER AND GROUP for details).  Any of the log  file  attributes  may  be
              omitted,  in  which case those attributes for the new file will use the same values
              as the original log file for the omitted attributes.  This option can  be  disabled
              using the nocreate option.

       nocreate
              New log files are not created (this overrides the create option).

       createolddir mode owner group
              If  the directory specified by olddir directive does not exist, it is created. mode
              specifies the mode for the olddir directory in octal (the same as chmod(2)),  owner
              specifies the user who will own the olddir directory, and group specifies the group
              the olddir directory will belong to (see the section USER AND GROUP
               for details).  This option can be disabled using the nocreateolddir option.

       nocreateolddir
              olddir directory is not created by logrotate when it does not exist.

       copy   Make a copy of the log file, but don't change the original at all.  This option can
              be  used,  for  instance,  to make a snapshot of the current log file, or when some
              other utility needs to truncate or parse the file.  When this option is  used,  the
              create  option  will  have no effect, as the old log file stays in place.  The copy
              option allows storing rotated log files on the different devices using  olddir  di-
              rective.

       nocopy Do  not copy the original log file and leave it in place.  (this overrides the copy
              option).

       copytruncate
              Truncate the original log file to zero size in place after creating a copy, instead
              of  moving the old log file and optionally creating a new one.  It can be used when
              some program cannot be told to close its logfile and thus  might  continue  writing
              (appending) to the previous log file forever.  Note that there is a very small time
              slice between copying the file and truncating it, so some  logging  data  might  be
              lost.   When this option is used, the create option will have no effect, as the old
              log file stays in place.  The copytruncate option allows storing rotated log  files
              on  the  different devices using olddir directive.  The copytruncate option implies
              norenamecopy.

       nocopytruncate
              Do not truncate the original log file in place after creating a  copy  (this  over-
              rides the copytruncate option).

       renamecopy
              Log  file  is  renamed to temporary filename in the same directory by adding ".tmp"
              extension to it.  After that, postrotate script is run and log file is copied  from
              temporary  filename  to final filename.  In the end, temporary filename is removed.
              The renamecopy option allows storing rotated log files on the different devices us-
              ing olddir directive.  The renamecopy option implies nocopytruncate.

       norenamecopy
              Do  not  rename  and  copy the original log file (this overrides the renamecopy op-
              tion).

       shred  Delete log files using shred -u instead of unlink().  This should ensure that  logs
              are  not readable after their scheduled deletion; this is off by default.  See also
              noshred.

       noshred
              Do not use shred when deleting old log files.  See also shred.

       shredcycles count
              Asks GNU shred(1) to overwrite log files count times before deletion.  Without this
              option, shred's default will be used.

       allowhardlink
              Rotate  files  with  multiple  hard links; this is off by default.  The target file
              might get emptied, e.g. with shred or copytruncate.  Use with  caution,  especially
              when the log files are rotated as root.

       noallowhardlink
              Do not rotate files with multiple hard links.  See also allowhardlink.

   Compression
       compress
              Old  versions of log files are compressed with gzip(1) by default.  See also nocom-
              press.

       nocompress
              Old versions of log files are not compressed.  See also compress.

       compresscmd
              Specifies which command to use to compress log files.  The default is gzip(1).  See
              also compress.

       uncompresscmd
              Specifies which command to use to uncompress log files.  The default is gunzip(1).

       compressext
              Specifies which extension to use on compressed logfiles, if compression is enabled.
              The default follows that of the configured compression command.

       compressoptions
              Command line options may be passed to the compression program, if one  is  in  use.
              The  default,  for gzip(1), is "-6" (biased towards high compression at the expense
              of speed).  If you use a different compression command, you may need to change  the
              compressoptions to match.

       delaycompress
              Postpone  compression  of  the  previous log file to the next rotation cycle.  This
              only has effect when used in combination with compress.  It can be used  when  some
              program  cannot be told to close its logfile and thus might continue writing to the
              previous log file for some time.

       nodelaycompress
              Do not postpone compression of the previous log file to  the  next  rotation  cycle
              (this overrides the delaycompress option).

   Filenames
       extension ext
              Log  files  with  ext  extension can keep it after the rotation.  If compression is
              used, the compression extension (normally .gz) appears after ext.  For example  you
              have  a  logfile named mylog.foo and want to rotate it to mylog.1.foo.gz instead of
              mylog.foo.1.gz.

       addextension ext
              Log files are given the final extension ext after rotation.  If the  original  file
              already  ends  with  ext,  the extension is not duplicated, but merely moved to the
              end, that is both filename and filenameext would get rotated to filename.1ext.   If
              compression is used, the compression extension (normally .gz) appears after ext.

       start count
              This is the number to use as the base for rotation.  For example, if you specify 0,
              the logs will be created with a .0 extension as they are rotated from the  original
              log  files.   If  you specify 9, log files will be created with a .9, skipping 0-8.
              Files will still be rotated the number of times specified with  the  rotate  direc-
              tive.

       dateext
              Archive  old versions of log files adding a date extension like YYYYMMDD instead of
              simply adding a number.  The extension may be configured using the  dateformat  and
              dateyesterday options.

       nodateext
              Do  not  archive  old versions of log files with date extension (this overrides the
              dateext option).

       dateformat format_string
              Specify the extension for dateext using the notation similar to  strftime(3)  func-
              tion.   Only %Y %m %d %H %M %S %V and %s specifiers are allowed.  The default value
              is -%Y%m%d except hourly, which uses -%Y%m%d%H as default value.   Note  that  also
              the  character  separating  log  name  from the extension is part of the dateformat
              string.  The system clock must be set past Sep 9th 2001 for %s to  work  correctly.
              Note  that the datestamps generated by this format must be lexically sortable (that
              is first the year, then the month then the day.  For example 2001/12/01 is ok,  but
              01/12/2001  is  not, since 01/11/2002 would sort lower while it is later).  This is
              because when using the rotate option, logrotate sorts all rotated filenames to find
              out which logfiles are older and should be removed.

       dateyesterday
              Use  yesterday's  instead  of today's date to create the dateext extension, so that
              the rotated log file has a date in its name that is  the  same  as  the  timestamps
              within it.

       datehourago
              Use  hour  ago instead of current date to create the dateext extension, so that the
              rotated log file has a hour in its name that is the same as the  timestamps  within
              it.  Useful with rotate hourly.

   Mail
       mail address
              When a log is rotated out of existence, it is mailed to address.  If no mail should
              be generated by a particular log, the nomail directive may be used.

       nomail Do not mail old log files to any address.

       mailfirst
              When using the mail command, mail the just-rotated file, instead of  the  about-to-
              expire file.

       maillast
              When using the mail command, mail the about-to-expire file, instead of the just-ro-
              tated file (this is the default).

   Additional config files
       include file_or_directory
              Reads the file given as an argument as if it was included inline where the  include
              directive  appears.   If  a directory is given, most of the files in that directory
              are read in alphabetic order before processing of  the  including  file  continues.
              The only files which are ignored are files which are not regular files (such as di-
              rectories and named pipes) and files whose names end with one of the  taboo  exten-
              sions  or  patterns,  as  specified by the tabooext or taboopat directives, respec-
              tively.  The given path may start with ~/ to make it relative to the home directory
              of the executing user.  For security reasons configuration files must not be group-
              writable nor world-writable.

   Scripts
       sharedscripts
              Normally, prerotate and postrotate scripts are run for each log  which  is  rotated
              and  the  absolute  path to the log file is passed as first argument to the script.
              That means a single script may be run multiple times for  log  file  entries  which
              match  multiple  files  (such as the /var/log/news/* example).  If sharedscripts is
              specified, the scripts are only run once, no matter how many logs match  the  wild-
              carded  pattern, and whole pattern is passed to them.  However, if none of the logs
              in the pattern require rotating, the scripts will  not  be  run  at  all.   If  the
              scripts  exit  with  error (or any log fails to rotate), the remaining actions will
              not be executed for any logs.  This option overrides the nosharedscripts option.

       nosharedscripts
              Run prerotate and postrotate scripts for every log file which is rotated  (this  is
              the default, and overrides the sharedscripts option).  The absolute path to the log
              file is passed as first argument to the script.  The absolute path to the final ro-
              tated  log  file is passed as the second argument to the postrotate script.  If the
              scripts exit with error, the remaining actions will not be  executed  for  the  af-
              fected log only.

       firstaction
           script
       endscript
              The  script is executed once before all log files that match the wildcarded pattern
              are rotated, before the prerotate script is run and only if at least one  log  will
              actually  be  rotated.   These directives may only appear inside a log file defini-
              tion.  The whole pattern is passed to the script as  its  first  argument.  If  the
              script exits with an error, no further processing is done.  See also lastaction and
              the SCRIPTS section.

       lastaction
           script
       endscript
              The script is executed once after all log files that match the  wildcarded  pattern
              are rotated, after the postrotate script is run and only if at least one log is ro-
              tated.  These directives may only appear inside a log file definition.   The  whole
              pattern is passed to the script as its first argument.  If the script exits with an
              error, just an error message is shown (as this  is  the  last  action).   See  also
              firstaction and the SCRIPTS section.

       prerotate
           script
       endscript
              The  script is executed before the log file is rotated and only if the log will ac-
              tually be rotated.  These directives may only appear inside a log file  definition.
              Normally,  the absolute path to the log file is passed as the first argument to the
              script.  If sharedscripts is specified, the whole pattern is passed to the  script.
              See also postrotate and the SCRIPTS section.  See sharedscripts and nosharedscripts
              for error handling.

       postrotate
           script
       endscript
              The script is executed after the log file is rotated.  These  directives  may  only
              appear  inside  a log file definition.  Normally, the absolute path to the log file
              is passed as the first argument to the script and the absolute path  to  the  final
              rotated  log file is passed as the second argument to the script.  If sharedscripts
              is specified, the whole pattern is passed as the first argument to the script,  and
              the  second  argument is omitted.  See also prerotate and the SCRIPTS section.  See
              sharedscripts and nosharedscripts for error handling.

       preremove
           script
       endscript
              The script is executed once just before removal of a log file.  logrotate will pass
              the  name  of file which is soon to be removed as the first argument to the script.
              See also firstaction and the SCRIPTS section.

SCRIPTS
       The lines between the starting keyword (e.g. prerotate) and endscript (both of which  must
       appear  on  lines  by  themselves) are executed (using /bin/sh).  The script inherits some
       traits from the logrotate process, including stderr, stdout, the  current  directory,  the
       environment,  and the umask.  Scripts are run as the invoking user and group, irrespective
       of any su directive.  If the --log flag was specified, file descriptor 3 is the log  file.
       The current working directory is unspecified.

USER AND GROUP
       User and group identifiers are resolved first by trying the textual representation and, in
       case it fails, afterwards by the numeric value.

FILES
       /var/lib/logrotate/status   Default state file.
       /etc/logrotate.conf         Configuration options.

SEE ALSO
       chmod(2),   gunzip(1),    gzip(1),    mail(1),    shred(1),    strftime(3),    strtoul(3),
       <https://github.com/logrotate/logrotate>

AUTHORS
       Erik Troan, Preston Brown, Jan Kaluza.

       <https://github.com/logrotate/logrotate>

Linux                                         3.19.0                                 LOGROTATE(8)

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