{
    "mode": "man",
    "parameter": "gshadow",
    "section": "5",
    "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/gshadow/5/json",
    "generated": "2026-06-16T03:24:56Z",
    "sections": {
        "NAME": {
            "content": "gshadow - shadowed group file\n",
            "subsections": []
        },
        "DESCRIPTION": {
            "content": "/etc/gshadow contains the shadowed information for group accounts.\n\nThis file must not be readable by regular users if password security is to be maintained.\n\nEach line of this file contains the following colon-separated fields:\n",
            "subsections": [
                {
                    "name": "group name",
                    "content": "It must be a valid group name, which exist on the system.\n"
                },
                {
                    "name": "encrypted password",
                    "content": "Refer to crypt(3) for details on how this string is interpreted.\n\nIf the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of crypt(3), for\ninstance ! or *, users will not be able to use a unix password to access the group (but\ngroup members do not need the password).\n\nThe password is used when a user who is not a member of the group wants to gain the\npermissions of this group (see newgrp(1)).\n\nThis field may be empty, in which case only the group members can gain the group\npermissions.\n\nA password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked.\nThe remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was\nlocked.\n\nThis password supersedes any password specified in /etc/group.\n"
                },
                {
                    "name": "administrators",
                    "content": "It must be a comma-separated list of user names.\n\nAdministrators can change the password or the members of the group.\n\nAdministrators also have the same permissions as the members (see below).\n"
                },
                {
                    "name": "members",
                    "content": "It must be a comma-separated list of user names.\n\nMembers can access the group without being prompted for a password.\n\nYou should use the same list of users as in /etc/group.\n"
                }
            ]
        },
        "FILES": {
            "content": "/etc/group\nGroup account information.\n\n/etc/gshadow\nSecure group account information.\n",
            "subsections": []
        },
        "SEE ALSO": {
            "content": "gpasswd(5), group(5), grpck(8), grpconv(8), newgrp(1).\n\n\n\nshadow-utils 4.8.1                           02/06/2024                                   GSHADOW(5)",
            "subsections": []
        }
    },
    "summary": "gshadow - shadowed group file",
    "flags": [],
    "examples": [],
    "see_also": [
        {
            "name": "gpasswd",
            "section": "5",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/gpasswd/5/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "group",
            "section": "5",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/group/5/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "grpck",
            "section": "8",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/grpck/8/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "grpconv",
            "section": "8",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/grpconv/8/json"
        },
        {
            "name": "newgrp",
            "section": "1",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/newgrp/1/json"
        }
    ]
}