{ "mode": "man", "parameter": "gpinyin", "section": "1", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/gpinyin/1/json", "generated": "2026-06-15T13:12:55Z", "synopsis": "gpinyin [input-file ...]", "sections": { "NAME": { "content": "gpinyin - use Hanyu Pinyin Chinese in roff\n", "subsections": [] }, "SYNOPSIS": { "content": "gpinyin [input-file ...]\n", "subsections": [ { "name": "gpinyin -h", "content": "" }, { "name": "gpinyin --help", "content": "" }, { "name": "gpinyin -v", "content": "" }, { "name": "gpinyin --version", "content": "" } ] }, "DESCRIPTION": { "content": "gpinyin is a preprocessor for groff(1) that facilitates use of the Hanyu Pinyin groff(7)\nfiles. Pinyin is a method for writing the Chinese language with the Latin alphabet. The\nChinese language consists of more than four hundred syllables, each with one of five differ‐\nent tones. In Pinyin, a syllable is written in the Latin alphabet and a numeric tone indica‐\ntor can be appended to each syllable.\n\nEach input-file is a file name or the hyphen-minus character “-” to indicate that standard\ninput should be read. As usual, the argument “--” can be used in order to force interpreta‐\ntion of all remaining arguments as file names, even if an input-file argument begins with the\nhyphen-minus character.\n", "subsections": [ { "name": "Pinyin Sections", "content": "Pinyin sections in groff files are enclosed by two .pinyin requests with different arguments.\nThe starting request is\n.pinyin start\nor\n.pinyin begin\nand the ending request is\n.pinyin stop\nor\n.pinyin end\n.\n" }, { "name": "Syllables", "content": "The spoken Chinese language is based on about 411 syllables; see ⟨http://en.wikipedia.org/\nwiki/Pinyintable⟩.\n\nIn Pinyin, each syllable consists of one to six letters from the Latin alphabet; these let‐\nters comprise the fifty-two upper- and lowercase letters from the ASCII character set, plus\nthe letter “U” with dieresis (umlaut) in both cases—in other words, the members of the set\n“[a–zA–ZüÜ]”.\n\nIn groff input, all ASCII letters are written as themselves. The “u with dieresis” can be\nwritten as “\\[:u]” in lowercase or “\\[:U]” in uppercase. Within .pinyin sections, gpinyin\nsupports the form “ue” for lowercase and the forms “Ue” and “UE” for uppercase.\n" }, { "name": "Tones", "content": "Each syllable has exactly one of five tones. The fifth tone is not explicitly written at\nall, but each of the first through fourth tones is indicated with a diacritic above a spe‐\ncific vowel within the syllable.\n\nIn a gpinyin source file, these tones are written by adding a numeral in the range 0 to 5 af‐\nter the syllable. The tone numbers 1 to 4 are transformed into accents above vowels in the\noutput. The tone numbers 0 and 5 are synonymous.\n\nThe following table summarizes the tones. Some output devices will not be able to render ev‐\nery output example.\n\nTone Description Diacritic Example Input Example Output\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nfirst flat ¯ ma1 mā\nsecond rising ´ ma2 má\nthird falling-rising ˇ ma3 mǎ\nfourth falling ` ma4 mà\nfifth neutral (none) ma0 ma\nma5\n\nThe neutral tone number can be omitted from a word-final syllable, but not otherwise.\n" } ] }, "OPTIONS": { "content": "", "subsections": [ { "name": "-h", "content": "--help Print usage information and exit.\n", "flag": "-h" }, { "name": "-v", "content": "", "flag": "-v" }, { "name": "--version", "content": "Print version information and exit.\n", "long": "--version" } ] }, "AUTHORS": { "content": "gpinyin was written by Bernd Warken ⟨⟩.\n", "subsections": [] }, "SEE ALSO": { "content": "Useful documents on the World Wide Web related to Pinyin include\n“Pinyin” (Wikipedia) ⟨http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyin⟩,\n“Pinyin table” (Wikipedia) ⟨http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyintable⟩,\nPinyin to Unicode ⟨http://www.foolsworkshop.com/ptou/index.html⟩,\nOn-line Chinese Tools ⟨http://www.mandarintools.com/⟩,\nPinyin.info: a guide to the writing of Mandarin Chinese in romanization ⟨http://\nwww.pinyin.info/index.html⟩,\n“Where do the tone marks go?” (Pinyin.info) ⟨http://www.pinyin.info/rules/where.html⟩,\npinyin.txt from the CJK macro package for TeX ⟨http://git.savannah.gnu.org/gitweb/\n?p=cjk.git;a=blobplain;f=doc/pinyin.txt;hb=HEAD⟩,\nand\npinyin.sty from the CJK macro package for TeX ⟨http://git.savannah.gnu.org/gitweb/\n?p=cjk.git;a=blobplain;f=texinput/pinyin.sty;hb=HEAD⟩.\n\ngroff(1), grog(1), and groffer(1) explain how to view roff documents.\n\ngroff(7) and groffchar(7) are comprehensive references covering the language elements of GNU\nroff and the available glyph repertoire, respectively.\n\n\n\ngroff 1.22.4 23 March 2022 GPINYIN(1)", "subsections": [] } }, "summary": "gpinyin - use Hanyu Pinyin Chinese in roff", "flags": [ { "flag": "-h", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "--help Print usage information and exit." }, { "flag": "-v", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "" }, { "flag": "", "long": "--version", "arg": null, "description": "Print version information and exit." } ], "examples": [], "see_also": [ { "name": "groff", "section": "1", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/groff/1/json" }, { "name": "grog", "section": "1", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/grog/1/json" }, { "name": "groffer", "section": "1", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/groffer/1/json" }, { "name": "groff", "section": "7", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/groff/7/json" }, { "name": "groffchar", "section": "7", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/groffchar/7/json" } ] }