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VIM(1)                               General Commands Manual                               VIM(1)

NAME
       vim - Vi IMproved, a programmer's text editor

SYNOPSIS
       vim [options] [file ..]
       vim [options] -
       vim [options] -t tag
       vim [options] -q [errorfile]

       ex
       view
       gvim gview evim eview
       rvim rview rgvim rgview

DESCRIPTION
       Vim  is  a text editor that is upwards compatible to Vi.  It can be used to edit all kinds
       of plain text.  It is especially useful for editing programs.

       There are a lot of enhancements above Vi: multi level undo,  multi  windows  and  buffers,
       syntax  highlighting,  command line editing, filename completion, on-line help, visual se-
       lection, etc..  See ":help vi_diff.txt" for a summary of the differences between  Vim  and
       Vi.

       While  running  Vim  a  lot of help can be obtained from the on-line help system, with the
       ":help" command.  See the ON-LINE HELP section below.

       Most often Vim is started to edit a single file with the command

            vim file

       More generally Vim is started with:

            vim [options] [filelist]

       If the filelist is missing, the editor will start with an empty buffer.  Otherwise exactly
       one out of the following four may be used to choose one or more files to be edited.

       file ..     A list of filenames.  The first one will be the current file and read into the
                   buffer.  The cursor will be positioned on the first line of the  buffer.   You
                   can  get  to  the  other  files with the ":next" command.  To edit a file that
                   starts with a dash, precede the filelist with "--".

       -           The file to edit is read from stdin.  Commands are  read  from  stderr,  which
                   should be a tty.

       -t {tag}    The file to edit and the initial cursor position depends on a "tag", a sort of
                   goto label.  {tag} is looked up in the tags file, the associated file  becomes
                   the  current file and the associated command is executed.  Mostly this is used
                   for C programs, in which case {tag} could be a function name.  The  effect  is
                   that the file containing that function becomes the current file and the cursor
                   is positioned on the start of the function.  See ":help tag-commands".

       -q [errorfile]
                   Start in quickFix mode.  The file [errorfile] is read and the first  error  is
                   displayed.   If [errorfile] is omitted, the filename is obtained from the 'er-
                   rorfile' option (defaults to "AztecC.Err" for the Amiga, "errors.err" on other
                   systems).  Further errors can be jumped to with the ":cn" command.  See ":help
                   quickfix".

       Vim behaves differently, depending on the name of the command (the executable may still be
       the same file).

       vim       The "normal" way, everything is default.

       ex        Start  in  Ex mode.  Go to Normal mode with the ":vi" command.  Can also be done
                 with the "-e" argument.

       view      Start in read-only mode.  You will be protected from  writing  the  files.   Can
                 also be done with the "-R" argument.

       gvim gview
                 The GUI version.  Starts a new window.  Can also be done with the "-g" argument.

       evim eview
                 The  GUI  version in easy mode.  Starts a new window.  Can also be done with the
                 "-y" argument.

       rvim rview rgvim rgview
                 Like the above, but with restrictions.  It will not be possible to  start  shell
                 commands, or suspend Vim.  Can also be done with the "-Z" argument.

OPTIONS
       The  options may be given in any order, before or after filenames.  Options without an ar-
       gument can be combined after a single dash.

       +[num]      For the first file the cursor will be positioned on line "num".  If  "num"  is
                   missing, the cursor will be positioned on the last line.

       +/{pat}     For  the  first  file the cursor will be positioned in the line with the first
                   occurrence of {pat}.  See ":help search-pattern" for the available search pat-
                   terns.

       +{command}

       -c {command}
                   {command}  will  be executed after the first file has been read.  {command} is
                   interpreted as an Ex command.  If the {command} contains spaces it must be en-
                   closed  in  double  quotes (this depends on the shell that is used).  Example:
                   vim "+set si" main.c
                   Note: You can use up to 10 "+" or "-c" commands.

       -S {file}   {file} will be sourced after the first file has been read.  This is equivalent
                   to  -c  "source  {file}".  {file} cannot start with '-'.  If {file} is omitted
                   "Session.vim" is used (only works when -S is the last argument).

       --cmd {command}
                   Like using "-c", but the command is executed just before processing any  vimrc
                   file.   You  can  use up to 10 of these commands, independently from "-c" com-
                   mands.

       -A          If Vim has been compiled with ARABIC support for  editing  right-to-left  ori-
                   ented  files  and  Arabic  keyboard  mapping, this option starts Vim in Arabic
                   mode, i.e. 'arabic' is set.  Otherwise an  error  message  is  given  and  Vim
                   aborts.

       -b          Binary  mode.   A few options will be set that makes it possible to edit a bi-
                   nary or executable file.

       -C          Compatible.  Set the 'compatible' option.  This will make  Vim  behave  mostly
                   like Vi, even though a .vimrc file exists.

       -d          Start  in  diff  mode.  There should between two to eight file name arguments.
                   Vim will open all the files and show differences  between  them.   Works  like
                   vimdiff(1).

       -d {device} Open  {device}  for  use  as  a  terminal.   Only  on the Amiga.  Example: "-d
                   con:20/30/600/150".

       -D          Debugging.  Go to debugging mode when  executing  the  first  command  from  a
                   script.

       -e          Start Vim in Ex mode, just like the executable was called "ex".

       -E          Start Vim in improved Ex mode, just like the executable was called "exim".

       -f          Foreground.   For the GUI version, Vim will not fork and detach from the shell
                   it was started in.  On the Amiga, Vim is not restarted to open a  new  window.
                   This  option  should  be used when Vim is executed by a program that will wait
                   for the edit session to finish (e.g. mail).  On the Amiga the ":sh"  and  ":!"
                   commands will not work.

       --nofork    Foreground.   For the GUI version, Vim will not fork and detach from the shell
                   it was started in.

       -F          If Vim has been compiled with FKMAP support for editing right-to-left oriented
                   files  and  Farsi keyboard mapping, this option starts Vim in Farsi mode, i.e.
                   'fkmap' and 'rightleft' are set.  Otherwise an error message is given and  Vim
                   aborts.

       -g          If Vim has been compiled with GUI support, this option enables the GUI.  If no
                   GUI support was compiled in, an error message is given and Vim aborts.

       -h          Give a bit of help about the command line arguments and options.   After  this
                   Vim exits.

       -H          If Vim has been compiled with RIGHTLEFT support for editing right-to-left ori-
                   ented files and Hebrew keyboard mapping, this  option  starts  Vim  in  Hebrew
                   mode,  i.e.  'hkmap'  and  'rightleft' are set.  Otherwise an error message is
                   given and Vim aborts.

       -i {viminfo}
                   Specifies the filename to use when reading or writing the  viminfo  file,  in-
                   stead  of  the default "~/.viminfo".  This can also be used to skip the use of
                   the .viminfo file, by giving the name "NONE".

       -L          Same as -r.

       -l          Lisp mode.  Sets the 'lisp' and 'showmatch' options on.

       -m          Modifying files is disabled.  Resets the 'write' option.  You can still modify
                   the buffer, but writing a file is not possible.

       -M          Modifications  not  allowed.  The 'modifiable' and 'write' options will be un-
                   set, so that changes are not allowed and files can not be written.  Note  that
                   these options can be set to enable making modifications.

       -N          No-compatible  mode.   Resets the 'compatible' option.  This will make Vim be-
                   have a bit better, but less Vi compatible, even though a .vimrc file does  not
                   exist.

       -n          No  swap file will be used.  Recovery after a crash will be impossible.  Handy
                   if you want to edit a file on a very slow medium (e.g. floppy).  Can  also  be
                   done with ":set uc=0".  Can be undone with ":set uc=200".

       -nb         Become an editor server for NetBeans.  See the docs for details.

       -o[N]       Open N windows stacked.  When N is omitted, open one window for each file.

       -O[N]       Open  N  windows  side  by  side.  When N is omitted, open one window for each
                   file.

       -p[N]       Open N tab pages.  When N is omitted, open one tab page for each file.

       -R          Read-only mode.  The 'readonly' option will be set.  You can  still  edit  the
                   buffer, but will be prevented from accidentally overwriting a file.  If you do
                   want to overwrite a file, add an exclamation mark to the  Ex  command,  as  in
                   ":w!".   The -R option also implies the -n option (see above).  The 'readonly'
                   option can be reset with ":set noro".  See ":help 'readonly'".

       -r          List swap files, with information about using them for recovery.

       -r {file}   Recovery mode.  The swap file is used to recover a  crashed  editing  session.
                   The  swap  file  is a file with the same filename as the text file with ".swp"
                   appended.  See ":help recovery".

       -s          Silent mode.  Only when started as "Ex" or when the "-e" option was given  be-
                   fore the "-s" option.

       -s {scriptin}
                   The  script  file  {scriptin}  is read.  The characters in the file are inter-
                   preted as if you had typed them.  The  same  can  be  done  with  the  command
                   ":source!  {scriptin}".   If  the end of the file is reached before the editor
                   exits, further characters are read from the keyboard.

       -T {terminal}
                   Tells Vim the name of the terminal you are using.  Only required when the  au-
                   tomatic  way doesn't work.  Should be a terminal known to Vim (builtin) or de-
                   fined in the termcap or terminfo file.

       -u {vimrc}  Use the commands in the file {vimrc} for initializations.  All the other  ini-
                   tializations  are  skipped.  Use this to edit a special kind of files.  It can
                   also be used to skip all initializations  by  giving  the  name  "NONE".   See
                   ":help initialization" within vim for more details.

       -U {gvimrc} Use  the commands in the file {gvimrc} for GUI initializations.  All the other
                   GUI initializations are skipped.  It can also be used to skip all GUI initial-
                   izations  by giving the name "NONE".  See ":help gui-init" within vim for more
                   details.

       -V[N]       Verbose.  Give messages about which files are  sourced  and  for  reading  and
                   writing  a  viminfo  file.   The optional number N is the value for 'verbose'.
                   Default is 10.

       -v          Start Vim in Vi mode, just like the executable was called "vi".  This only has
                   effect when the executable is called "ex".

       -w {scriptout}
                   All  the  characters that you type are recorded in the file {scriptout}, until
                   you exit Vim.  This is useful if you want to create a script file to  be  used
                   with  "vim  -s" or ":source!".  If the {scriptout} file exists, characters are
                   appended.

       -W {scriptout}
                   Like -w, but an existing file is overwritten.

       -x          Use encryption when writing files.  Will prompt for a crypt key.

       -X          Don't connect to the X server.  Shortens startup time in a terminal,  but  the
                   window title and clipboard will not be used.

       -y          Start Vim in easy mode, just like the executable was called "evim" or "eview".
                   Makes Vim behave like a click-and-type editor.

       -Z          Restricted mode.  Works like the executable starts with "r".

       --          Denotes the end of the options.  Arguments after this will  be  handled  as  a
                   file name.  This can be used to edit a filename that starts with a '-'.

       --clean     Do  not  use any personal configuration (vimrc, plugins, etc.).  Useful to see
                   if a problem reproduces with a clean Vim setup.

       --echo-wid  GTK GUI only: Echo the Window ID on stdout.

       --help      Give a help message and exit, just like "-h".

       --literal   Take file name arguments literally, do not expand wildcards.  This has no  ef-
                   fect on Unix where the shell expands wildcards.

       --noplugin  Skip loading plugins.  Implied by -u NONE.

       --remote    Connect  to  a  Vim server and make it edit the files given in the rest of the
                   arguments.  If no server is found a warning is given and the files are  edited
                   in the current Vim.

       --remote-expr {expr}
                   Connect to a Vim server, evaluate {expr} in it and print the result on stdout.

       --remote-send {keys}
                   Connect to a Vim server and send {keys} to it.

       --remote-silent
                   As --remote, but without the warning when no server is found.

       --remote-wait
                   As --remote, but Vim does not exit until the files have been edited.

       --remote-wait-silent
                   As --remote-wait, but without the warning when no server is found.

       --serverlist
                   List the names of all Vim servers that can be found.

       --servername {name}
                   Use  {name}  as the server name.  Used for the current Vim, unless used with a
                   --remote argument, then it's the name of the server to connect to.

       --socketid {id}
                   GTK GUI only: Use the GtkPlug mechanism to run gvim in another window.

       --startuptime {file}
                   During startup write timing messages to the file {fname}.

       --version   Print version information and exit.

ON-LINE HELP
       Type ":help" in Vim to get started.  Type ":help subject" to get help on a  specific  sub-
       ject.   For example: ":help ZZ" to get help for the "ZZ" command.  Use <Tab> and CTRL-D to
       complete subjects (":help cmdline-completion").  Tags are present to jump from  one  place
       to  another (sort of hypertext links, see ":help").  All documentation files can be viewed
       in this way, for example ":help syntax.txt".

FILES
       /usr/share/vim/vim82/doc/*.txt
                      The Vim documentation files.  Use ":help doc-file-list" to get the complete
                      list.

       /usr/share/vim/vim82/doc/tags
                      The tags file used for finding information in the documentation files.

       /usr/share/vim/vim82/syntax/syntax.vim
                      System wide syntax initializations.

       /usr/share/vim/vim82/syntax/*.vim
                      Syntax files for various languages.

       /usr/share/vim/vimrc
                      System wide Vim initializations.

       ~/.vimrc       Your personal Vim initializations.

       /usr/share/vim/gvimrc
                      System wide gvim initializations.

       ~/.gvimrc      Your personal gvim initializations.

       /usr/share/vim/vim82/optwin.vim
                      Script used for the ":options" command, a nice way to view and set options.

       /usr/share/vim/vim82/menu.vim
                      System wide menu initializations for gvim.

       /usr/share/vim/vim82/bugreport.vim
                      Script to generate a bug report.  See ":help bugs".

       /usr/share/vim/vim82/filetype.vim
                      Script to detect the type of a file by its name.  See ":help 'filetype'".

       /usr/share/vim/vim82/scripts.vim
                      Script  to  detect  the  type of a file by its contents.  See ":help 'file-
                      type'".

       /usr/share/vim/vim82/print/*.ps
                      Files used for PostScript printing.

       For recent info read the VIM home page:
       <URL:http://www.vim.org/>

SEE ALSO
       vimtutor(1)

AUTHOR
       Most of Vim was made by Bram Moolenaar, with a lot of help from others.  See ":help  cred-
       its" in Vim.
       Vim  is  based on Stevie, worked on by: Tim Thompson, Tony Andrews and G.R. (Fred) Walter.
       Although hardly any of the original code remains.

BUGS
       Probably.  See ":help todo" for a list of known problems.

       Note that a number of things that may be regarded as bugs by some, are in fact caused by a
       too-faithful  reproduction of Vi's behaviour.  And if you think other things are bugs "be-
       cause Vi does it differently", you should take a closer look at the vi_diff.txt  file  (or
       type :help vi_diff.txt when in Vim).  Also have a look at the 'compatible' and 'cpoptions'
       options.

                                           2006 Apr 11                                     VIM(1)

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