# dv2dt(1) - man - phpMan [DV2DT(1)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/DV2DT/1/markdown) General Commands Manual [DV2DT(1)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/DV2DT/1/markdown) ## NAME dv2dt - convert a binary TeX DVI file to DTL text representation ## SYNOPSIS **dv2dt** _input-DVI-file_ _output-DTL-file_ If the filenames are omitted, then _stdin_ and _stdout_ are assumed. ## DESCRIPTION **dv2dt** converts a binary TeX DVI file to an editable text file in DTL (_DVI_ _Text_ _Language_) for‐ mat. The companion [**dt2dv**(1)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/dt2dv/1/markdown) utility can convert the DTL file back to a binary DVI file. ## DVI COMMAND DESCRIPTION TeX DVI files contain a compact binary description of typeset pages, as a stream of operation code bytes, each immediately followed by zero or more parameter bytes. The format of DVI files is fully described in Donald E. Knuth, _TeX:_ _The_ _Program_, Addison-Wesley (1986), ISBN 0-201-13437-3, as well as in the [**dvitype**(1)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/dvitype/1/markdown) literate program source code. For convenience, we provide a summary of DVI commands here. In the following list, operation code bytes are given as unsigned decimal values, followed by their symbolic names (not present in the DVI file), and a short description. A designation like _b[+n]_ means that the operation code byte is followed by a parameter _b_ which uses _n_ bytes, and is signed. Without the plus sign, the parameter is unsigned. Signed integer parameter values are always repre‐ sented in two's complement arithmetic, which is the system followed by most computers manu‐ factured today, including all personal computers and workstations. _0_ _set_char_0_ Set character 0 from current font. _..._ _127_ _set_char_127_ Set character 127 from current font. _128_ _set1_ _c[1]_ Set 1-byte unsigned character (uchar) number _c_. _129_ _set2_ _c[2]_ Set 2-byte uchar number _c_. _130_ _set3_ _c[3]_ Set 3-byte uchar number _c_. _131_ _set4_ _c[+4]_ Set 4-byte signed character (schar) number _c_. _132_ _set_rule_ _a[+4]_ _b[+4]_ Set rule, height _a_, width _b_. _133_ _put1_ _c[1]_ Put 1-byte uchar _c_. _134_ _put2_ _c[2]_ Put 2-byte uchar _c_. _135_ _put3_ _c[3]_ Put 3-byte uchar _c_. _136_ _put4_ _c[+4]_ Put 4-byte schar _c_. _137_ _put_rule_ _a[+4]_ _b[+4]_ Put rule, height _a_, width _b_. _138_ _nop_ Do nothing. _139_ _bop_ _c0[+4]_ _..._ _c9[+4]_ _p[+4]_ Beginning of page. The parameters _c0_ _..._ _c9_ are the TeX page counters, the contents of TeX count registers _\count0_ _..._ _\count9_. The parameter _p_ is the byte offset from the beginning of the DVI file of the previous _bop_ operation code byte. The first such command in the file has _p_ _=_ _-1_. _140_ _eop_ End of page. _141_ _push_ Push (_h,v,w,x,y,z_) onto stack. _142_ _pop_ Pop (_h,v,w,x,y,z_) from stack. _143_ _right1_ _b[+1]_ Move right _b_ units. _144_ _right2_ _b[+2]_ Move right _b_ units. _145_ _right3_ _b[+3]_ Move right _b_ units. _146_ _right4_ _b[+4]_ Move right _b_ units. _147_ _w0_ Move right _w_ units. _148_ _w1_ _b[+1]_ Move right _b_ units, and set _w_ _=_ _b_. _149_ _w2_ _b[+2]_ Move right _b_ units, and set _w_ _=_ _b_. _150_ _w3_ _b[+3]_ Move right _b_ units, and set _w_ _=_ _b_. _151_ _w4_ _b[+4]_ Move right _b_ units, and set _w_ _=_ _b_. _152_ _x0_ Move right _x_ units. _153_ _x1_ _b[+1]_ Move right _b_ units, and set _x_ _=_ _b_. _154_ _x2_ _b[+2]_ Move right _b_ units, and set _x_ _=_ _b_. _155_ _x3_ _b[+3]_ Move right _b_ units, and set _x_ _=_ _b_. _156_ _x4_ _b[+4]_ Move right _b_ units, and set _x_ _=_ _b_. _157_ _down1_ _a[+1]_ Move down _a_ units. _158_ _down2_ _a[+2]_ Move down _a_ units. _159_ _down3_ _a[+3]_ Move down _a_ units. _160_ _down4_ _a[+4]_ Move down _a_ units. _161_ _y0_ Move right _y_ units. _162_ _y1_ _a[+1]_ Move right _a_ units, and set _y_ _=_ _a_. _163_ _y2_ _a[+2]_ Move right _a_ units, and set _y_ _=_ _a_. _164_ _y3_ _a[+3]_ Move right _a_ units, and set _y_ _=_ _a_. _165_ _y4_ _a[+4]_ Move right _a_ units, and set _y_ _=_ _a_. _166_ _z0_ Move right _z_ units. _167_ _z1_ _a[+1]_ Move right _a_ units, and set _z_ _=_ _a_. _168_ _z2_ _a[+2]_ Move right _a_ units, and set _z_ _=_ _a_. _169_ _z3_ _a[+3]_ Move right _a_ units, and set _z_ _=_ _a_. _170_ _z4_ _a[+4]_ Move right _a_ units, and set _z_ _=_ _a_. _171_ _fnt_num_0_ Set current font number _(f)_ _=_ _0_. _..._ _234_ _fnt_num_63_ Set _f_ _=_ _63_. _235_ _fnt1_ _k[1]_ Set _f_ _=_ _k_. _236_ _fnt2_ _k[2]_ Set _f_ _=_ _k_. _237_ _fnt3_ _k[3]_ Set _f_ _=_ _k_. _238_ _fnt4_ _k[+4]_ Set _f_ _=_ _k_. _239_ _xxx1_ _k[1]_ _x[k]_ Special string _x_ with _k_ bytes. _240_ _xxx2_ _k[2]_ _x[k]_ Special string _x_ with _k_ bytes. _241_ _xxx3_ _k[3]_ _x[k]_ Special string _x_ with _k_ bytes. _242_ _xxx4_ _k[4]_ _x[k]_ Special string _x_ with (unsigned) _k_ bytes. _243_ _fnt_def1_ _k[1]_ _c[4]_ _s[4]_ _d[4]_ _a[1]_ _l[1]_ _n[a+l]_ Define font _k_. The parameters are: _c_ Checksum for TFM file. _s_ Scale factor, in DVI units. _d_ Design size, in DVI units. _a_ Length of the ``area'' or directory. _l_ Length of the font name. _n_ Area and font name string(s). _244_ _fnt_def2_ _k[2]_ _c[4]_ _s[4]_ _d[4]_ _a[1]_ _l[1]_ _n[a+l]_ Define font _k_. _245_ _fnt_def3_ _k[3]_ _c[4]_ _s[4]_ _d[4]_ _a[1]_ _l[1]_ _n[a+l]_ Define font _k_. _246_ _fnt_def4_ _k[+4]_ _c[4]_ _s[4]_ _d[4]_ _a[1]_ _l[1]_ _n[a+l]_ Define font _k_. _247_ _pre_ _i[1]_ _num[4]_ _den[4]_ _mag[4]_ _k[1]_ _x[k]_ Begin preamble. The parameters are: _i_ DVI format. Standard TeX has _ID_ _=_ _2_, and TeX-XeT has _ID_ _=_ _3_. _num_ Numerator of 100 nm / DVI unit. _den_ Denominator of 100 nm / DVI unit. _mag_ 1000 * magnification. _k_ Comment length. _x_ Comment string. _248_ _post_ _p[4]_ _num[4]_ _den[4]_ _mag[4]_ _l[4]_ _u[4]_ _s[2]_ _t[2]_ Begin postamble. The parameters are: _p_ Pointer to final bop. _num,_ _den,_ _mag_ Duplicates of values in preamble. _l_ Height-plus-depth of tallest page, in DVI units. _u_ Width of widest page, in DVI units. _s_ Maximum stack depth needed to process this DVI file. _t_ Total number of pages (_bop_ commands) present. _249_ _post_post_ _q[4]_ _i[1]_ _223_ _..._ _223_ End postamble. The parameters are: _q_ Byte offset from the beginning of the DVI file to the _post_ command that started the postamble. _i_ DVI format ID, as in the preamble. _223_ At least four _223_ bytes. _250_ Undefined. _..._ _255_ Undefined. ## DTL COMMAND DESCRIPTION A DTL file contains one line per command, with a limit of 1024 characters per line. Each command contains a symbolic operation name, followed by zero or more parameter values. The parameter value descriptions are not repeated here; they can be found in the previous sec‐ tion. variety This command specifies the name of the DTL file type; it has no DVI file equivalent. _(text)_ Series of set_char commands, for printable ASCII text. _\(_ Literal ASCII left parenthesis in (text). _\)_ Literal ASCII right parenthesis in (text). _\\_ Literal ASCII backslash in (text). _\"_ Literal ASCII double quote in (text). _\XY_ Set_char for character with hexadecimal code XY, not in parentheses, but by itself for readability. _s1,_ _s2,_ _s2,_ _s3_ Set, with (1,2,3,4)-byte charcodes. _sr_ _set_rule_. _p1,_ _p2,_ _p2,_ _p3_ Put, with (1,2,3,4)-byte charcodes. _pr_ _put_rule_. _nop_ _nop_ (do nothing). _bop_ _bop_ (beginning of page). _eop_ _eop_ (end of page). _[_ Push. _]_ Pop. _r1,_ _r2,_ _r3,_ _r4_ Right, with (1,2,3,4)-byte argument. _w0,_ _w1,_ _w2,_ _w3,_ _w4_ As in DVI. _x0,_ _x1,_ _x2,_ _x3,_ _x4_ As in DVI. _d1,_ _d2,_ _d3,_ _d4_ Down, with (1,2,3,4)-byte argument. _y0,_ _y1,_ _y2,_ _y3,_ _y4_ As in DVI. _z0,_ _z1,_ _z2,_ _z3,_ _z4_ As in DVI. _fn_ _fnt_num_ (set current font to font number in 0 to 63). _f1,_ _f2,_ _f3,_ _f4_ _fnt_ (set current font to (1,2,3,4)-byte font number). _special_ _xxx_ (special commands with (1,2,3,4)-byte string length). _fd_ _fnt_def_ (assign a number to a named font). _pre_ Preamble. _post_ _post_ (begin postamble). _post_post_ _post_post_ (end postamble). _opcode_ Undefined DVI command (250 to 255). ## SAMPLE DTL FILE The following 2-line TeX file Hello. \bye when processed with the commands tex hello.tex dv2dt hello.dvi hello.dtl produces this DTL file: variety sequences-6 pre 2 25400000 473628672 1000 27 ' TeX output 1995.03.02:2334' bop 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 [ d3 -917504 ] d4 42152922 [ d4 -41497562 [ r3 1310720 fd1 0 11374260171 655360 655360 0 5 '' 'cmr10' fn0 (Hello.) ] ] d3 1572864 [ r4 15229091 (1) ] eop post 42 25400000 473628672 1000 43725786 30785863 2 1 fd1 0 11374260171 655360 655360 0 5 'cmr10' post_post 152 2 223 223 223 223 The command dt2dv hello.dtl hello.dvi will reconstruct the original DVI file. ## SEE ALSO [**dt2dv**(1)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/dt2dv/1/markdown), [**dvitype**(1)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/dvitype/1/markdown), [**tex**(1)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/tex/1/markdown). ## FILES _*.dvi_ binary TeX DVI file. _*.dtl_ text representation of a TeX DVI file in _DVI_ _Text_ _Language_ format. ## AUTHOR **dv2dt** and [**dt2dv**(1)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/dt2dv/1/markdown) were written by Geoffrey Tobin Department of Electronic Engineering La Trobe University Bundoora, Victoria 3083 Australia Tel: +61 3 479 3736 FAX: +61 3 479 3025 Email: <> These manual pages were primarily written by Nelson H. F. Beebe, Ph.D. Center for Scientific Computing Department of Mathematics University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT 84112 Tel: +1 801 581 5254 FAX: +1 801 581 4148 Email: <> Version 0.6.0 08 March 1995 [DV2DT(1)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/DV2DT/1/markdown)