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CPIO(1) GNU CPIO CPIO(1)

📛 NAME

cpio — copy files to and from archives

🚀 Quick Reference

Use Case	Command	Description
🔧 Create an archive	find . -type f | cpio -o > archive.cpio	Read file list from stdin, write archive to stdout
📦 Extract an archive	cpio -i < archive.cpio	Read archive from stdin, extract files
📋 List archive contents	cpio -it < archive.cpio	List files without extracting
🗜️ Create compressed archive	find . | cpio -o | gzip > archive.cpio.gz	Combine with gzip for compression
🔓 Extract from compressed archive	zcat archive.cpio.gz | cpio -i	Use zcat to decompress on the fly
📁 Copy directory tree	find . -depth | cpio -p /destination	Pass-through mode copies files to another directory

📋 SYNOPSIS

cpio {-o|--create} [-0acvABLV] [-C BYTES] [-H FORMAT] [-M MESSAGE] [-O [[USER@]HOST:]ARCHIVE]
       [-F [[USER@]HOST:]ARCHIVE] [--file=[[USER@]HOST:]ARCHIVE]  [--format=FORMAT]  [--message=MES‐
SAGE]  [--null]  [--reset-access-time]  [--verbose]  [--dot] [--append] [--block-size=blocks]
       [--dereference] [--io-size=BYTES] [--quiet] [--force-local] [--rsh-command=COMMAND]  <  name-
list [> archive]

cpio  {-i|--extract}  [-bcdfmnrtsuvBSV]  [-C  BYTES]  [-E  FILE] [-H FORMAT] [-M MESSAGE] [-R
       [USER][:.][GROUP]]      [-I      [[USER@]HOST:]ARCHIVE]      [-F       [[USER@]HOST:]ARCHIVE]
       [--file=[[USER@]HOST:]ARCHIVE]   [--make-directories]  [--nonmatching]  [--preserve-modifica‐
tion-time] [--numeric-uid-gid] [--rename] [--list] [--swap-bytes] [--swap] [--dot]  [--uncon‐
ditional]  [--verbose]  [--block-size=BLOCKS]  [--swap-halfwords]  [--io-size=BYTES]  [--pat‐
tern-file=FILE] [--format=FORMAT] [--owner=[USER][:.][GROUP]]  [--no-preserve-owner]  [--mes‐
sage=MESSAGE]   [--force-local]   [--no-absolute-filenames]   [--sparse]  [--only-verify-crc]
       [--to-stdout] [--quiet] [--rsh-command=COMMAND] [pattern...] [< archive]

cpio {-p|--pass-through} [-0adlmuvLV] [-R [USER][:.][GROUP]]  [--null]  [--reset-access-time]
       [--make-directories]   [--link]  [--quiet]  [--preserve-modification-time]  [--unconditional]
       [--verbose]   [--dot]   [--dereference]   [--owner=[USER][:.][GROUP]]   [--no-preserve-owner]
       [--sparse] destination-directory < name-list

cpio {-?|--help|--usage|--version}

📖 DESCRIPTION

GNU cpio copies files between archives and directories. It supports the following archive formats: old binary cpio, old portable cpio, SVR4 cpio with and without checksum, HP cpio, and various tar formats.

The operation mode is requested by one of the following options:

📤 -o, --create (Copy-out)

Read a list of file names from the standard input and create on the standard output (unless overridden by the --file option) an archive containing these files.

📥 -i, --extract (Copy-in)

Read the archive from standard input (or from the file supplied with the --file option) and extract files from it, or (if the -t option is given) list its contents to the standard output. If one or more patterns are supplied, read or list only files matching these patterns. The -t option alone implies -i.

📂 -p, --pass-through (Pass-through)

Read a list of file names from the standard input and copy them to the specified directory.

❓ -?, --help

Give a short help summary and exit.

❓ --usage

Print a short usage message and exit.

ℹ️ --version

Print program version and exit.

⚙️ OPTIONS

🔧 Operation modifiers valid in any mode

• --block-size=BLOCK-SIZE — Set the I/O block size to BLOCK-SIZE * 512 bytes.
• -B — Set the I/O block size to 5120 bytes.
• -c — Use the old portable (ASCII) archive format. Same as -H odc.
• -C, --io-size=NUMBER — Set the I/O block size to the given NUMBER of bytes.
• -D, --directory=DIR — Change to directory DIR.
• --force-local — Archive file is local, even if its name contains colons.
• -H, --format=FORMAT — Use given archive FORMAT. Valid formats: bin, odc, newc, crc, tar, ustar, hpbin, hpodc.
• -R, --owner=[USER][:.][GROUP] — Set ownership of files. In copy-in/copy-pass mode, set ownership of created files. In copy-out, store owner info in archive. Use + prefix to treat as numeric.
• --quiet — Do not print the number of blocks copied at the end.
• --rsh-command=COMMAND — Use remote COMMAND instead of rsh.
• -v, --verbose — Verbosely list the files processed.
• -V, --dot — Print a "." for each file processed.
• -W, --warning=FLAG — Control warning display. FLAG: none, all, truncate, no-truncate. Multiple -W accumulate.

🔧 Operation modifiers valid in copy-in and copy-out modes

• -F, --file=[[USER@]HOST:]ARCHIVE-FILE — Use this archive file instead of stdin/stdout. Supports remote archives.
• -M, --message=STRING — Print STRING when the end of a volume is reached.

🔧 Operation modifiers valid only in copy-in mode

• -b, --swap — Swap both halfwords of words and bytes of halfwords in the data. Equivalent to -sS.
• -f, --nonmatching — Only copy files that do not match any given patterns.
• -n, --numeric-uid-gid — Show numeric UID and GID in verbose listing.
• -r, --rename — Interactively rename files.
• -s, --swap-bytes — Swap the bytes of each halfword in the files.
• -S, --swap-halfwords — Swap the halfwords of each word (4 bytes) in the files.
• --to-stdout — Extract files to standard output.
• -E, --pattern-file=FILE — Read additional patterns from FILE.
• --only-verify-crc — Verify CRC of files in a CRC format archive without extracting.

🔧 Operation modifiers valid only in copy-out mode

• -A, --append — Append to an existing archive.
• --device-independent, --reproducible — Create reproducible archives. Equivalent to --ignore-devno --renumber-inodes.
• --ignore-devno — Store 0 in device number field instead of actual device number.
• -O [[USER@]HOST:]ARCHIVE-NAME — Use ARCHIVE-NAME instead of standard output. Supports remote archives.
• --renumber-inodes — Renumber inodes when storing them in the archive.

🔧 Operation modifiers valid only in copy-pass mode

• -l, --link — Link files instead of copying when possible.

🔧 Operation modifiers valid in copy-in and copy-out modes

• --absolute-filenames — Do not strip file system prefix components from file names. This is the default.
• --no-absolute-filenames — Create all files relative to the current directory.

🔧 Operation modifiers valid in copy-out and copy-pass modes

• -0, --null — Filenames in the list are delimited by null characters instead of newlines.
• -a, --reset-access-time — Reset the access times of files after reading them.
• -I [[USER@]HOST:]ARCHIVE-NAME — Use ARCHIVE-NAME instead of standard input. Supports remote archives.
• -L, --dereference — Dereference symbolic links (copy the files they point to).

🔧 Operation modifiers valid in copy-in and copy-pass modes

• -d, --make-directories — Create leading directories where needed.
• -m, --preserve-modification-time — Retain previous file modification times when creating files.
• --no-preserve-owner — Do not change the ownership of the files.
• --sparse — Write files with large blocks of zeros as sparse files.
• -u, --unconditional — Replace all files unconditionally.

🚪 Exit Codes

GNU cpio exits with code 0 if it was able to successfully complete the requested operation. On errors, it exits with code 2.

📚 SEE ALSO

• cpio(5)
• tar(1)
• rmt(8)
• mt(1)

🐛 REPORTING BUGS

Report cpio bugs to bug-cpio AT gnu.org

GNU cpio home page: http://www.gnu.org/software/cpio/

General help using GNU software: http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/

Report cpio translation bugs to http://translationproject.org/team/

📄 COPYRIGHT

Copyright © 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html

This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

```

CPIO(1) GNU CPIO CPIO(1) 📛 NAME 🚀 Quick Reference 📋 SYNOPSIS 📖 DESCRIPTION ⚙️ OPTIONS 🚪 Exit Codes 📚 SEE ALSO 🐛 REPORTING BUGS 📄 COPYRIGHT