man > convert-im6(1)

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📛 NAME

convert - convert between image formats as well as resize an image, blur, crop, despeckle, dither, draw on, flip, join, re-sample, and much more.

📋 SYNOPSIS

convert-im6.q16 [input-option] input-file [output-option] output-file

🚀 Quick Reference

Use Case	Command	Description
🖼️ Basic format conversion	convert input.png output.jpg	Convert PNG to JPEG
📏 Resize	convert -resize 50% input.png output.png	Scale image to 50%
🔄 Rotate	convert -rotate 90 input.png output.png	Rotate 90 degrees clockwise
💧 Blur	convert -blur 0x8 input.png output.png	Apply Gaussian blur (radius 0, sigma 8)
✂️ Crop	convert -crop 100x100+0+0 input.png output.png	Crop to 100x100 pixels from top-left
⚫ Grayscale	convert -colorspace gray input.png output.png	Convert to grayscale
📎 Thumbnail	convert -thumbnail 100x100 input.png output.png	Create a 100x100 thumbnail

📖 OVERVIEW

The convert-im6.q16 program is a member of the ImageMagick-ims6.q16(1) suite of tools. Use it to convert between image formats as well as resize an image, blur, crop, despeckle, dither, draw on, flip, join, re-sample, and much more.

For more information about the convert command, point your browser to file:///usr/share/doc/imagemagick-6-common/html/www/convert.html (on debian system you may install the imagemagick-6 package) or https://www.imagemagick.org/script/convert.php.

🔧 DESCRIPTION

⚙️ Image Settings

• -adjoin — join images into a single multi-image file
• -affine matrix — affine transform matrix
• -alpha option — activate, deactivate, reset, or set the alpha channel
• -antialias — remove pixel-aliasing
• -authenticate value — decrypt image with this password
• -attenuate value — lessen (or intensify) when adding noise to an image
• -background color — background color
• -bias value — add bias when convolving an image
• -black-point-compensation — use black point compensation
• -blue-primary point — chromaticity blue primary point
• -bordercolor color — border color
• -caption string — assign a caption to an image
• -cdl filename — color correct with a color decision list
• -channel type — apply option to select image channels
• -clip — clip along the first path from the 8BIM profile
• -clip-mask filename — associate a clip mask with the image
• -clip-path id — clip along a named path from the 8BIM profile
• -colors value — preferred number of colors in the image
• -colorspace type — alternate image colorspace
• -comment string — annotate image with comment
• -compose operator — set image composite operator
• -compress type — type of pixel compression when writing the image
• -decipher filename — convert cipher pixels to plain pixels
• -define format:option — define one or more image format options
• -delay centiseconds — display the next image after pausing
• -density geometry — horizontal and vertical density of the image
• -depth value — image depth
• -direction type — render text right-to-left or left-to-right
• -display server — get image or font from this X server
• -dispose method — layer disposal method
• -dither method — apply error diffusion to image
• -encipher filename — convert plain pixels to cipher pixels
• -encoding type — text encoding type
• -endian type — endianness (MSB or LSB) of the image
• -family name — render text with this font family
• -features distance — analyze image features (e.g. contrast, correlation)
• -fill color — color to use when filling a graphic primitive
• -filter type — use this filter when resizing an image
• -flatten — flatten a sequence of images
• -font name — render text with this font
• -format "string" — output formatted image characteristics
• -fuzz distance — colors within this distance are considered equal
• -gravity type — horizontal and vertical text placement
• -green-primary point — chromaticity green primary point
• -intensity method — method to generate intensity value from pixel
• -intent type — type of rendering intent when managing the image color
• -interlace type — type of image interlacing scheme
• -interline-spacing value — set the space between two text lines
• -interpolate method — pixel color interpolation method
• -interword-spacing value — set the space between two words
• -kerning value — set the space between two letters
• -label string — assign a label to an image
• -limit type value — pixel cache resource limit
• -loop iterations — add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation
• -mask filename — associate a mask with the image
• -matte — store matte channel if the image has one
• -mattecolor color — frame color
• -metric type — measure differences between images with this metric
• -moments — report image moments
• -monitor — monitor progress
• -orient type — image orientation
• -page geometry — size and location of an image canvas (setting)
• -ping — efficiently determine image attributes
• -pointsize value — font point size
• -precision value — maximum number of significant digits to print
• -preview type — image preview type
• -quality value — JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level
• -quiet — suppress all warning messages
• -red-primary point — chromaticity red primary point
• -regard-warnings — pay attention to warning messages
• -remap filename — transform image colors to match this set of colors
• -repage geometry — size and location of an image canvas
• -respect-parentheses — settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary
• -sampling-factor geometry — horizontal and vertical sampling factor
• -scene value — image scene number
• -seed value — seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers
• -size geometry — width and height of image
• -statistic type geometry — replace each pixel with corresponding statistic from the neighborhood
• -stretch type — render text with this font stretch
• -stroke color — graphic primitive stroke color
• -strokewidth value — graphic primitive stroke width
• -style type — render text with this font style
• -support factor — resize support: > 1.0 is blurry, < 1.0 is sharp
• -synchronize — synchronize image to storage device
• -taint — declare the image as modified
• -texture filename — name of texture to tile onto the image background
• -tile-offset geometry — tile offset
• -treedepth value — color tree depth
• -transparent-color color — transparent color
• -undercolor color — annotation bounding box color
• -units type — the units of image resolution
• -verbose — print detailed information about the image
• -view — FlashPix viewing transforms
• -virtual-pixel method — virtual pixel access method
• -weight type — render text with this font weight
• -white-point point — chromaticity white point

🖌️ Image Operators

• -adaptive-blur geometry — adaptively blur pixels; decrease effect near edges
• -adaptive-resize geometry — adaptively resize image with data dependent triangulation
• -adaptive-sharpen geometry — adaptively sharpen pixels; increase effect near edges
• -annotate geometry text — annotate the image with text
• -auto-gamma — automagically adjust gamma level of image
• -auto-level — automagically adjust color levels of image
• -auto-orient — automatically orient image
• -bench iterations — measure performance
• -black-threshold value — force all pixels below the threshold into black
• -blue-shift factor — simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight
• -blur geometry — reduce image noise and reduce detail levels
• -border geometry — surround image with a border of color
• -brightness-contrast geometry — improve brightness / contrast of the image
• -canny geometry — detect edges in the image
• -charcoal radius — simulate a charcoal drawing
• -chop geometry — remove pixels from the image interior
• -clamp — keep pixel values in range (0-QuantumRange)
• -clip — clip along the first path from the 8BIM profile
• -clip-mask filename — associate a clip mask with the image
• -clip-path id — clip along a named path from the 8BIM profile
• -colorize value — colorize the image with the fill color
• -color-matrix matrix — apply color correction to the image
• -connected-component connectivity — connected-components uniquely labeled
• -contrast — enhance or reduce the image contrast
• -contrast-stretch geometry — improve contrast by `stretching' the intensity range
• -convolve coefficients — apply a convolution kernel to the image
• -cycle amount — cycle the image colormap
• -deskew threshold — straighten an image
• -despeckle — reduce the speckles within an image
• -distort method args — distort images according to given method and args
• -draw string — annotate the image with a graphic primitive
• -edge radius — apply a filter to detect edges in the image
• -emboss radius — emboss an image
• -enhance — apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image
• -equalize — perform histogram equalization to an image
• -evaluate operator value — evaluate an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression
• -extent geometry — set the image size
• -extract geometry — extract area from image
• -fft — implements the discrete Fourier transform (DFT)
• -flip — flip image vertically
• -floodfill geometry color — floodfill the image with color
• -flop — flop image horizontally
• -frame geometry — surround image with an ornamental border
• -function name — apply a function to the image
• -gamma value — level of gamma correction
• -gaussian-blur geometry — reduce image noise and reduce detail levels
• -geometry geometry — preferred size or location of the image
• -grayscale method — convert image to grayscale
• -hough-lines geometry — identify lines in the image
• -identify — identify the format and characteristics of the image
• -ift — implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT)
• -implode amount — implode image pixels about the center
• -interpolative-resize geometry — resize image using 'point sampled' interpolation
• -lat geometry — local adaptive thresholding
• -layers method — optimize or compare image layers
• -level value — adjust the level of image contrast
• -level-colors color,color — level image with the given colors
• -linear-stretch geometry — improve contrast by `stretching with saturation' the intensity range
• -liquid-rescale geometry — rescale image with seam-carving
• -magnify — double the size of the image with pixel art scaling
• -mean-shift geometry — delineate arbitrarily shaped clusters in the image
• -median geometry — apply a median filter to the image
• -mode geometry — make each pixel the 'predominant color' of the neighborhood
• -modulate value — vary the brightness, saturation, and hue
• -monochrome — transform image to black and white
• -morphology method kernel — apply a morphology method to the image
• -motion-blur geometry — simulate motion blur
• -negate — replace each pixel with its complementary color
• -noise geometry — add or reduce noise in an image
• -normalize — transform image to span the full range of colors
• -opaque color — change this color to the fill color
• -ordered-dither NxN — add a noise pattern to the image with specific amplitudes
• -paint radius — simulate an oil painting
• -perceptible epsilon — pixel value less than |epsilon| become epsilon or -epsilon
• -polaroid angle — simulate a Polaroid picture
• -posterize levels — reduce the image to a limited number of color levels
• -print string — interpret string and print to console
• -profile filename — add, delete, or apply an image profile
• -quantize colorspace — reduce colors in this colorspace
• -radial-blur angle — radial blur the image
• -raise value — lighten/darken image edges to create a 3-D effect
• -random-threshold low,high — random threshold the image
• -region geometry — apply options to a portion of the image
• -render — render vector graphics
• -resample geometry — change the resolution of an image
• -resize geometry — resize the image
• -roll geometry — roll an image vertically or horizontally
• -rotate degrees — apply Paeth rotation to the image
• -sample geometry — scale image with pixel sampling
• -scale geometry — scale the image
• -segment values — segment an image
• -selective-blur geometry — selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold
• -sepia-tone threshold — simulate a sepia-toned photo
• -set property value — set an image property
• -shade degrees — shade the image using a distant light source
• -shadow geometry — simulate an image shadow
• -sharpen geometry — sharpen the image
• -shave geometry — shave pixels from the image edges
• -shear geometry — slide one edge of the image along the X or Y axis
• -sigmoidal-contrast geometry — lightness rescaling using sigmoidal contrast enhancement
• -sketch geometry — simulate a pencil sketch
• -solarize threshold — negate all pixels above the threshold level
• -sparse-color method args — fill in a image based on a few color points
• -splice geometry — splice the background color into the image
• -spread amount — displace image pixels by a random amount
• -strip — strip image of all profiles and comments
• -swirl degrees — swirl image pixels about the center
• -threshold value — threshold the image
• -thumbnail geometry — create a thumbnail of the image
• -tile filename — tile image when filling a graphic primitive
• -tint value — tint the image with the fill color
• -transform — affine transform image
• -transparent color — make this color transparent within the image
• -transpose — flip image vertically and rotate 90 degrees
• -transverse — flop image horizontally and rotate 270 degrees
• -trim — trim image edges
• -type type — image type
• -unique-colors — discard all but one of any pixel color
• -unsharp geometry — sharpen the image
• -vignette geometry — soften the edges of the image in vignette style
• -wave geometry — alter an image along a sine wave
• -wavelet-denoise threshold — removes noise from the image using a wavelet transform
• -white-threshold value — force all pixels above the threshold into white

📽️ Image Sequence Operators

• -append — append an image sequence top to bottom (use +append for left to right)
• -clut — apply a color lookup table to the image
• -coalesce — merge a sequence of images
• -combine — combine a sequence of images
• -compare — mathematically and visually annotate the difference between an image and its reconstruction
• -complex operator — perform complex mathematics on an image sequence
• -composite — composite image
• -copy geometry offset, — copy pixels from one area of an image to another
• -crop geometry — cut out a rectangular region of the image
• -deconstruct — break down an image sequence into constituent parts
• -evaluate-sequence operator — evaluate an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression
• -flatten — flatten a sequence of images
• -fx expression — apply mathematical expression to an image channel(s)
• -hald-clut — apply a Hald color lookup table to the image
• -morph value — morph an image sequence
• -mosaic — create a mosaic from an image sequence
• -poly terms — build a polynomial from the image sequence and the corresponding terms (coefficients and degree pairs)
• -process arguments — process the image with a custom image filter
• -separate — separate an image channel into a grayscale image
• -smush geometry — smush an image sequence together
• -write filename — write images to this file

📚 Image Stack Operators

• -clone indexes — clone an image
• -delete indexes — delete the image from the image sequence
• -duplicate count,indexes — duplicate an image one or more times
• -insert index — insert last image into the image sequence
• -reverse — reverse image sequence
• -swap indexes — swap two images in the image sequence

🛠️ Miscellaneous Options

• -debug events — display copious debugging information
• -distribute-cache port — distributed pixel cache spanning one or more servers
• -help — print program options
• -log format — format of debugging information
• -list type — print a list of supported option arguments
• -version — print version information

Use any setting or operator as an output-option. Only a limited number of setting are input-option. They include: -antialias, -caption, -density, -define, -encoding, -font, -pointsize, -size, and -texture as well as any of the miscellaneous options.

By default, the image format of `file' is determined by its magic number. To specify a particular image format, precede the filename with an image format name and a colon (i.e. ps:image) or specify the image type as the filename suffix (i.e. image.ps). Specify 'file' as '-' for standard input or output.

🔗 SEE ALSO

ImageMagick-im6.q16(1)

©️ COPYRIGHT

Copyright (C) 1999-2020 ImageMagick Studio LLC. Additional copyrights and licenses apply to this software, see file:///usr/share/doc/imagemagick-6-common/html/www/license.html (on debian system you may install the imagemagick-6 package) or https://www.imagemagick.org/script/license.php.

📛 NAME 📋 SYNOPSIS 🚀 Quick Reference 📖 OVERVIEW 🔧 DESCRIPTION 🔗 SEE ALSO ©️ COPYRIGHT