{
    "mode": "man",
    "parameter": "cat",
    "section": "1",
    "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/cat/1/json",
    "generated": "2026-05-30T05:09:59Z",
    "synopsis": "cat [OPTION]... [FILE]...",
    "sections": {
        "NAME": {
            "content": "cat - concatenate files and print on the standard output\n",
            "subsections": []
        },
        "SYNOPSIS": {
            "content": "cat [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n",
            "subsections": []
        },
        "DESCRIPTION": {
            "content": "Concatenate FILE(s) to standard output.\n\nWith no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n",
            "subsections": [
                {
                    "name": "-A --show-all",
                    "content": "equivalent to -vET\n",
                    "flag": "-A",
                    "long": "--show-all"
                },
                {
                    "name": "-b --number-nonblank",
                    "content": "number nonempty output lines, overrides -n\n",
                    "flag": "-b",
                    "long": "--number-nonblank"
                },
                {
                    "name": "-e -vE",
                    "content": "",
                    "flag": "-e"
                },
                {
                    "name": "-E --show-ends",
                    "content": "display $ at end of each line\n",
                    "flag": "-E",
                    "long": "--show-ends"
                },
                {
                    "name": "-n --number",
                    "content": "number all output lines\n",
                    "flag": "-n",
                    "long": "--number"
                },
                {
                    "name": "-s --squeeze-blank",
                    "content": "suppress repeated empty output lines\n",
                    "flag": "-s",
                    "long": "--squeeze-blank"
                },
                {
                    "name": "-t -vT",
                    "content": "",
                    "flag": "-t"
                },
                {
                    "name": "-T --show-tabs",
                    "content": "display TAB characters as ^I\n",
                    "flag": "-T",
                    "long": "--show-tabs"
                },
                {
                    "name": "-u     (ignored)",
                    "content": "",
                    "flag": "-u"
                },
                {
                    "name": "-v --show-nonprinting",
                    "content": "use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB\n\n--help display this help and exit\n",
                    "flag": "-v",
                    "long": "--show-nonprinting"
                },
                {
                    "name": "--version",
                    "content": "output version information and exit\n",
                    "long": "--version"
                }
            ]
        },
        "EXAMPLES": {
            "content": "cat f - g\nOutput f's contents, then standard input, then g's contents.\n\ncat    Copy standard input to standard output.\n",
            "subsections": []
        },
        "AUTHOR": {
            "content": "Written by Torbjorn Granlund and Richard M. Stallman.\n",
            "subsections": []
        },
        "REPORTING BUGS": {
            "content": "GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>\nReport any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>\n",
            "subsections": []
        },
        "COPYRIGHT": {
            "content": "Copyright  ©  2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.  License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later\n<https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.\nThis is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.  There is NO WARRANTY,  to\nthe extent permitted by law.\n",
            "subsections": []
        },
        "SEE ALSO": {
            "content": "tac(1)\n\nFull documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/cat>\nor available locally via: info '(coreutils) cat invocation'\n\n\n\nGNU coreutils 8.32                          January 2026                                      CAT(1)",
            "subsections": []
        }
    },
    "summary": "cat - concatenate files and print on the standard output",
    "flags": [
        {
            "flag": "-A",
            "long": "--show-all",
            "arg": null,
            "description": "equivalent to -vET"
        },
        {
            "flag": "-b",
            "long": "--number-nonblank",
            "arg": null,
            "description": "number nonempty output lines, overrides -n"
        },
        {
            "flag": "-e",
            "long": null,
            "arg": null,
            "description": ""
        },
        {
            "flag": "-E",
            "long": "--show-ends",
            "arg": null,
            "description": "display $ at end of each line"
        },
        {
            "flag": "-n",
            "long": "--number",
            "arg": null,
            "description": "number all output lines"
        },
        {
            "flag": "-s",
            "long": "--squeeze-blank",
            "arg": null,
            "description": "suppress repeated empty output lines"
        },
        {
            "flag": "-t",
            "long": null,
            "arg": null,
            "description": ""
        },
        {
            "flag": "-T",
            "long": "--show-tabs",
            "arg": null,
            "description": "display TAB characters as ^I"
        },
        {
            "flag": "-u",
            "long": null,
            "arg": null,
            "description": ""
        },
        {
            "flag": "-v",
            "long": "--show-nonprinting",
            "arg": null,
            "description": "use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB --help display this help and exit"
        },
        {
            "flag": "",
            "long": "--version",
            "arg": null,
            "description": "output version information and exit"
        }
    ],
    "examples": [
        "cat f - g",
        "Output f's contents, then standard input, then g's contents.",
        "cat    Copy standard input to standard output."
    ],
    "see_also": [
        {
            "name": "tac",
            "section": "1",
            "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/tac/1/json"
        }
    ]
}