On Apache
Under GNU General Public License
2026-01-09 06:58 @216.73.216.127 CrawledBy Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)
AUTOSP(1) AUTOSP(1)
NAME
autosp - preprocessor to generate note-spacing commands for MusiXTeX scores
SYNOPSIS
autosp [-v | --version | -h | --help]
autosp [-d | --dotted] [-l | --log] infile[.aspc] [outfile[.tex]]
DESCRIPTION
This program makes it easier to create MusiXTeX scores by converting (non-standard) com-
mands of the form \anotes ... \en into one or more conventional note-spacing commands
(\notes \Notes \NOtes ...), determined by the actual note values, with \sk spacing com-
mands inserted as necessary. The coding for an entire measure can be entered one part at
a time, without concern for note-spacing changes within the part or spacing requirements
of other parts.
For example, if applied to
\anotes\qa J\qa K&\ca l\qa m\ca n\en
autosp generates
\Notes\qa J\sk\qa K\sk&\ca l\qa m\sk\ca n\en
Typically, an \anotes command generates several conventional note-spacing commands.
If the infile argument does not have an .aspc extension, input is taken from infile.aspc
if that file exists.
If the outfile argument does not have a .tex extension, output is sent to outfile.tex. If
no outfile argument is provided, output will go to infile.tex (or to infile.ltx if a \doc-
umentclass declaration is encountered).
For \anotes commands, line breaks and spaces may precede note segments, allowing more
flexible source formatting; the line breaks and spaces will be elided from the output.
For example,
\anotes
\ibl0K0\qb0K\nbbl0\qb0{.K}\tbbbl0\tbbl0\tql0L&
\ibbl1m{-2}\qb1{.m}\tbbbl1\tbbl1\qb1l\tql1k\en
is acceptable and generates
\notesp\ibl0K0\qb0K&\ibbl1m{-2}\qb1{.m}\en
\nnotes\sk&\tbbbl1\tbbl1\qb1l\en
\notesp\nbbl0\qb0{.K}&\tql1k\en
\nnotes\tbbbl0\tbbl0\tql0L&\sk\en
If the -l ( --log ) option is used, a very detailed log infile.alog is generated.
If the -d ( --dotted ) option is used, dotted beam notes of the form \qb{n}{.p} are not
given extra space; it is assumed that the subsequent note will be shifted by a \roff-like
command or a spacing command such as \qsk or \hqsk. Commands of the form \qlp{p},
\qlpp{p}, ..., \qpb{n}{p} and \qppb{n}{p} are always spaced as indicated.
If there is a single staff, consecutive whole-bar rest bars are merged into a multi-bar
rest. Bar-centered rests can be coded using the standard \def\atnextbar notation but the
non-standard command \Cpause (or \Cp) in a note segment also generates a bar-centered
rest.
Spacing commands \sk and \bsk in the source are discarded, but not "small" skips \hsk,
\qsk, \tqsk, \hqsk or \qqsk, or the small "backward" skips \hbsk, \bqsk, \btsk, or \bhsk.
Moreover, non-standard commands \QQsk, \HQsk \TQsk and \Qsk in the source generate
"global" skips; i.e., the effect of \qqsk, \hqsk, \tqsk or \qsk, respectively, in every
staff. These ensure that staffs remain synchronized if additional spacing is needed in any
staff(s).
Global skips may also be obtained within collective-coding sequences by using up to four
successive commas to get the effects of \QQsk, \HQsk, \TQsk or \Qsk, respectively. Global
skips \tqsk (or, for double-flats, \qsk) are automatically inserted before accidentals
('^', '_', '=', '<', '>') on collective-coding notes (except when the preceding note is
"virtual"; i.e., a skip). If this automatic additional spacing is not wanted in some con-
text, it may be avoided by replacing the accidental in the collective-coding sequence by
any of the explicit accidental commands: \sh, \fl, \na, \smallsh, \bigsh, etc. If the au-
tomatic spacing is insufficient, the spacing may be increased by adding sufficient commas
or using a conventional notes command instead of \anotes.
A note segment can be completely empty, but if a note segment should start with or contain
a "space," the note-value of that space must be made explicit with a command of the form
\ha{*}, \qa{.*}, \qa{*}, \ca{*}, etc.
From version 2017-06-14, the effects of \TransformNotes calls are implemented by the au-
tosp pre-processor. This enables use of musixlyr in autosp scores; musixlyr.tex is incom-
patible with the musixtnt.tex implementation of \TransformNotes.
All other conventional MusiXTeX commands are output exactly as given in the input.
OPERATION
autosp determines the spacing for ordinary notes from the note commands themselves; for
example,
+ \qa, \qu, \ql, \qp result in \NOtes;
+ \ca, \cu, \cl, \ds result in \Notes;
and so on.
The spacing for beamed notes is determined by the beam multiplicity, so that \ib... re-
sults in \Notes, \ibb... results in \notes, etc.
Collective coding of note sequences (including accidentals and dots) is handled by expand-
ing the sequence into a sequence of individual note commands.
autosp scales notes by the relevant instrument-size value.
LIMITATIONS
autosp assumes that & and | (rather than \nextinstrument and \nextstaff) are used to sepa-
rate instruments and staffs.
Appoggiaturas and grace notes are recognized by the use of \tinynotesize; note-spacing of
1.45\elemskip is used. If this isn't suitable and can't be corrected with a small skip, a
\vnotes command with any desired spacing can be used.
autosp supports x-tuplets introduced using \xtuplet{x} or \xxtuplet{x:y} and triplets in-
troduced using any of the following commands (regardless of any re-definition of \txt or
\tuplettxt):
\triolet
\uptrio
\downtrio
\uptuplet
\downtuplet
autosp assumes that an x-tuplet is to be played in (x-1)/x of the apparent x-tuplet dura-
tion. So, for example, a triplet in eighths is assumed to be played in the time of one
quarter note. If this assumption isn't valid, the x-tuplet must be coded explicitly using
a suitable \vnotes command; see the first measure of barsant2.aspc for an example of a
non-standard x-tuplet: a 5-tuple of 64th notes with an intended duration of six 64ths.
In some polyrhythmic scores, the \txt numeral may be displaced, even if the notes them-
selves are correctly spaced. In these cases, it is possible to suppress the normal output
of \txt by using the non-standard commands \Triolet (no arguments) or \Xtuplet{k}\ and
placing a numeral at the correct location using \zcn (i.e., \zcharnote).
autosp can deal with simultaneous x-tuplets in multiple staffs provided the x values and
total note durations are identical.
In some baroque scores, particularly by J.S. Bach, a beamed sixteenth note is vertically
aligned with the third note of a triplet of eighth notes in another staff (implying that
they should be sounded simultaneously); e.g.,
\ibl0L0\qb0{.L}\tqql0L
would be played as if notated
\uptrio{b}10\ql L\hroff{\cl L}
The following coding will align the beamed sixteenth note with the third note of a triplet
in another staff:
\ibl0L0\qb0{.L}\hbsk\tqql0L
and, similarly, for triplets of sixteenth notes:
\ibbu0J0\qb0{.J}\hbsk\nqqqu0J\qb0{.J}\hbsk\tqqqu0J
Generally, user-defined macros are not processed or expanded; however, definitions of the
form
\def\atnextbar{\znotes ... \en}
generate definitions that do take account of \TransformNotes.
All staffs are assumed to have the same meter; see kinder2.aspc for an example of how to
work around this.
autosp may not be effective for music with more than one voice in a single staff. It might
be advisable to use a separate staff for each voice, to avoid \anotes when necessary, or
to omit certain voices initially and add them into the resulting TeX file.
EXAMPLES
See files quod2.aspc, kinder2.aspc, geminiani.aspc and barsant2.aspc for scores suitable
for input to autosp. The program tex2aspc can be used to convert "legacy" MusiXTeX scores
to .aspc format.
SEE ALSO
msxlint(1) tex2aspc(1)
musixdoc.pdf
AUTHOR
This program and manual page were written by Bob Tennent <rdt AT cs.ca>.
2021-01-07 AUTOSP(1)
Generated by $Id: phpMan.php,v 4.55 2007/09/05 04:42:51 chedong Exp $ Author: Che Dong
On Apache
Under GNU General Public License
2026-01-09 06:58 @216.73.216.127 CrawledBy Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)