man > addr2line(1)

ADDR2LINE(1)                            GNU Development Tools                           ADDR2LINE(1)

NAME
       addr2line - convert addresses or symbol+offset into file names and line numbers

SYNOPSIS
       addr2line [-a|--addresses]
                 [-b bfdname|--target=bfdname]
                 [-C|--demangle[=style]]
                 [-r|--no-recurse-limit]
                 [-R|--recurse-limit]
                 [-e filename|--exe=filename]
                 [-f|--functions] [-s|--basename]
                 [-i|--inlines]
                 [-p|--pretty-print]
                 [-j|--section=name]
                 [-H|--help] [-V|--version]
                 [addr addr ...]

DESCRIPTION
       addr2line translates addresses or symbol+offset into file names and line numbers.  Given an
       address or symbol+offset in an executable or an offset in a section of a relocatable object,
       it uses the debugging information to figure out which file name and line number are
       associated with it.

       The executable or relocatable object to use is specified with the -e option.  The default is
       the file a.out.  The section in the relocatable object to use is specified with the -j
       option.

       addr2line has two modes of operation.

       In the first, hexadecimal addresses or symbol+offset are specified on the command line, and
       addr2line displays the file name and line number for each address.

       In the second, addr2line reads hexadecimal addresses or symbol+offset from standard input,
       and prints the file name and line number for each address on standard output.  In this mode,
       addr2line may be used in a pipe to convert dynamically chosen addresses.

       The format of the output is FILENAME:LINENO.  By default each input address generates one
       line of output.

       Two options can generate additional lines before each FILENAME:LINENO line (in that order).

       If the -a option is used then a line with the input address is displayed.

       If the -f option is used, then a line with the FUNCTIONNAME is displayed.  This is the name
       of the function containing the address.

       One option can generate additional lines after the FILENAME:LINENO line.

       If the -i option is used and the code at the given address is present there because of
       inlining by the compiler then additional lines are displayed afterwards.  One or two extra
       lines (if the -f option is used) are displayed for each inlined function.

       Alternatively if the -p option is used then each input address generates a single, long,
       output line containing the address, the function name, the file name and the line number.  If
       the -i option has also been used then any inlined functions will be displayed in the same
       manner, but on separate lines, and prefixed by the text (inlined by).

       If the file name or function name can not be determined, addr2line will print two question
       marks in their place.  If the line number can not be determined, addr2line will print 0.

       When symbol+offset is used, +offset is optional, except when the symbol is ambigious with a
       hex number. The resolved symbols can be mangled or unmangled, except unmangled symbols with +
       are not allowed.

OPTIONS
       The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are equivalent.

       -a
       --addresses
           Display  the  address  before  the  function name, file and line number information.  The
           address is printed with a 0x prefix to easily identify it.

       -b bfdname
       --target=bfdname
           Specify that the object-code format for the object files is bfdname.

       -C
       --demangle[=style]
           Decode (demangle) low-level symbol names into user-level  names.   Besides  removing  any
           initial  underscore  prepended  by  the  system,  this makes C++ function names readable.
           Different compilers  have  different  mangling  styles.  The  optional  demangling  style
           argument can be used to choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler.

       -e filename
       --exe=filename
           Specify the name of the executable for which addresses should be translated.  The default
           file is a.out.

       -f
       --functions
           Display function names as well as file and line number information.

       -s
       --basenames
           Display only the base of each file name.

       -i
       --inlines
           If  the  address  belongs  to a function that was inlined, the source information for all
           enclosing scopes back to the first  non-inlined  function  will  also  be  printed.   For
           example,  if  "main"  inlines  "callee1"  which  inlines  "callee2",  and address is from
           "callee2", the source information for "callee1" and "main" will also be printed.

       -j
       --section
           Read offsets relative to the specified section instead of absolute addresses.

       -p
       --pretty-print
           Make the output more human friendly: each location are printed on one line.  If option -i
           is specified, lines for all enclosing scopes are prefixed with (inlined by).

       -r
       -R
       --recurse-limit
       --no-recurse-limit
       --recursion-limit
       --no-recursion-limit
           Enables or disables a limit on  the  amount  of  recursion  performed  whilst  demangling
           strings.   Since the name mangling formats allow for an infinite level of recursion it is
           possible to create strings  whose  decoding  will  exhaust  the  amount  of  stack  space
           available  on  the  host  machine, triggering a memory fault.  The limit tries to prevent
           this from happening by restricting recursion to 2048 levels of nesting.

           The default is for this limit to be enabled, but disabling it may be necessary  in  order
           to  demangle  truly  complicated  names.   Note  however  that  if the recursion limit is
           disabled then stack exhaustion is possible and any bug reports about such an  event  will
           be rejected.

           The -r option is a synonym for the --no-recurse-limit option.  The -R option is a synonym
           for the --recurse-limit option.

           Note this option is only effective if the -C or --demangle option has been enabled.

       @file
           Read  command-line  options  from  file.   The  options read are inserted in place of the
           original @file option.  If file does not exist, or cannot be read, then the  option  will
           be treated literally, and not removed.

           Options  in  file are separated by whitespace.  A whitespace character may be included in
           an option by surrounding the entire option  in  either  single  or  double  quotes.   Any
           character  (including  a  backslash)  may  be  included  by prefixing the character to be
           included with a backslash.  The file may itself contain  additional  @file  options;  any
           such options will be processed recursively.

SEE ALSO
       Info entries for binutils.

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright (c) 1991-2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

       Permission  is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the
       GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or  any  later  version  published  by  the  Free
       Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-
       Cover  Texts.   A  copy  of  the  license  is  included  in  the  section  entitled "GNU Free
       Documentation License".

binutils-2.42                                2026-02-09                                 ADDR2LINE(1)