{
    "content": [
        {
            "type": "text",
            "text": "# USERMOD (man)\n\n## NAME\n\nusermod - modify a user account\n\n## SYNOPSIS\n\nusermod [options] LOGIN\n\n## DESCRIPTION\n\nThe usermod command modifies the system account files to reflect the changes that are\nspecified on the command line.\n\n## TLDR\n\n> Modify a user account.\n\n- Change a username:\n  `sudo usermod {{-l|--login}} {{new_username}} {{username}}`\n- Change a user ID:\n  `sudo usermod {{-u|--uid}} {{id}} {{username}}`\n- Change a user shell:\n  `sudo usermod {{-s|--shell}} {{path/to/shell}} {{username}}`\n- Add a user to supplementary groups (mind the lack of whitespace):\n  `sudo usermod {{-aG|--append --groups}} {{group1,group2,...}} {{username}}`\n- Remove a user from specific groups:\n  `sudo usermod {{-rG|--remove --groups}} {{group1,group2,...}} {{username}}`\n- Change a user home directory:\n  `sudo usermod {{-m|--move-home}} {{-d|--home}} {{path/to/new_home}} {{username}}`\n- Lock an account:\n  `sudo usermod {{-L|--lock}} {{username}}`\n- Unlock an account:\n  `sudo usermod {{-U|--unlock}} {{username}}`\n\n*Source: tldr-pages*\n\n## Sections\n\n- **NAME**\n- **SYNOPSIS**\n- **DESCRIPTION**\n- **OPTIONS** (23 subsections)\n- **CAVEATS**\n- **CONFIGURATION** (6 subsections)\n- **FILES**\n- **SEE ALSO**\n\nUse structuredContent.sections for detailed options, examples, and full documentation.\n"
        }
    ],
    "structuredContent": {
        "command": "USERMOD",
        "section": "",
        "mode": "man",
        "summary": "usermod - modify a user account",
        "synopsis": "usermod [options] LOGIN",
        "tldr_summary": "Modify a user account.",
        "tldr_examples": [
            {
                "description": "Change a username",
                "command": "sudo usermod {{-l|--login}} {{new_username}} {{username}}"
            },
            {
                "description": "Change a user ID",
                "command": "sudo usermod {{-u|--uid}} {{id}} {{username}}"
            },
            {
                "description": "Change a user shell",
                "command": "sudo usermod {{-s|--shell}} {{path/to/shell}} {{username}}"
            },
            {
                "description": "Add a user to supplementary groups (mind the lack of whitespace)",
                "command": "sudo usermod {{-aG|--append --groups}} {{group1,group2,...}} {{username}}"
            },
            {
                "description": "Remove a user from specific groups",
                "command": "sudo usermod {{-rG|--remove --groups}} {{group1,group2,...}} {{username}}"
            },
            {
                "description": "Change a user home directory",
                "command": "sudo usermod {{-m|--move-home}} {{-d|--home}} {{path/to/new_home}} {{username}}"
            },
            {
                "description": "Lock an account",
                "command": "sudo usermod {{-L|--lock}} {{username}}"
            },
            {
                "description": "Unlock an account",
                "command": "sudo usermod {{-U|--unlock}} {{username}}"
            }
        ],
        "tldr_source": "official",
        "flags": [
            {
                "flag": "-a",
                "long": "--append",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Add the user to the supplementary group(s). Use only with the -G option."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-b",
                "long": "--badnames",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Allow names that do not conform to standards."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-c",
                "long": "--comment",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "The new value of the user's password file comment field. It is normally modified using the chfn(1) utility."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-d",
                "long": "--home",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "The user's new login directory. If the -m option is given, the contents of the current home directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it does not already exist."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-e",
                "long": "--expiredate",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified in the format YYYY-MM-DD. An empty EXPIREDATE argument will disable the expiration of the account. This option requires a /etc/shadow file. A /etc/shadow entry will be created if there were none."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-f",
                "long": "--inactive",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently disabled. A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has expired, and a value of -1 disables the feature. This option requires a /etc/shadow file. A /etc/shadow entry will be created if there were none."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-g",
                "long": "--gid",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "The group name or number of the user's new initial login group. The group must exist. Any file from the user's home directory owned by the previous primary group of the user will be owned by this new group. The group ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be fixed manually."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-G",
                "long": "--groups",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the -g option. If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user will be removed from the group. This behaviour can be changed via the -a option, which appends the user to the current supplementary group list."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-l",
                "long": "--login",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "The name of the user will be changed from LOGIN to NEWLOGIN. Nothing else is changed. In particular, the user's home directory or mail spool should probably be renamed manually to reflect the new login name."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-L",
                "long": "--lock",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Lock a user's password. This puts a '!' in front of the encrypted password, effectively disabling the password. You can't use this option with -p or -U. Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the EXPIREDATE to 1."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-m",
                "long": "--move-home",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Move the content of the user's home directory to the new location. This option is only valid in combination with the -d (or --home) option. usermod will try to adapt the ownership of the files and to copy the modes, ACL and extended attributes, but manual changes might be needed afterwards."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-o",
                "long": "--non-unique",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "When used with the -u option, this option allows to change the user ID to a non-unique value."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-p",
                "long": "--password",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "The encrypted password, as returned by crypt(3). Note: This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes. The password will be written in the local /etc/passwd or /etc/shadow file. This might differ from the password database configured in your PAM configuration. You should make sure the password respects the system's password policy."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-R",
                "long": "--root",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Apply changes in the CHROOTDIR directory and use the configuration files from the CHROOTDIR directory."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-P",
                "long": "--prefix",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Apply changes in the PREFIXDIR directory and use the configuration files from the PREFIXDIR directory. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross-compilation target. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified. PAM authentication is using the host files. No SELINUX support."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-s",
                "long": "--shell",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "The name of the user's new login shell. Setting this field to blank causes the system to select the default login shell."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-u",
                "long": "--uid",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "The new numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique, unless the -o option is used. The value must be non-negative. The user's mailbox, and any files which the user owns and which are located in the user's home directory will have the file user ID changed automatically. The ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be fixed manually. No checks will be performed with regard to the UIDMIN, UIDMAX, SYSUIDMIN, or SYSUIDMAX from /etc/login.defs."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-U",
                "long": "--unlock",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Unlock a user's password. This removes the '!' in front of the encrypted password. You can't use this option with -p or -L. Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the EXPIREDATE (for example to 99999, or to the EXPIRE value from /etc/default/useradd)."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-v",
                "long": "--add-subuids",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Add a range of subordinate uids to the user's account. This option may be specified multiple times to add multiple ranges to a users account. No checks will be performed with regard to SUBUIDMIN, SUBUIDMAX, or SUBUIDCOUNT from /etc/login.defs."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-V",
                "long": "--del-subuids",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Remove a range of subordinate uids from the user's account. This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a users account. When both --del-subuids and --add-subuids are specified, the removal of all subordinate uid ranges happens before any subordinate uid range is added. No checks will be performed with regard to SUBUIDMIN, SUBUIDMAX, or SUBUIDCOUNT from /etc/login.defs."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-w",
                "long": "--add-subgids",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Add a range of subordinate gids to the user's account. This option may be specified multiple times to add multiple ranges to a users account. No checks will be performed with regard to SUBGIDMIN, SUBGIDMAX, or SUBGIDCOUNT from /etc/login.defs."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-W",
                "long": "--del-subgids",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Remove a range of subordinate gids from the user's account. This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a users account. When both --del-subgids and --add-subgids are specified, the removal of all subordinate gid ranges happens before any subordinate gid range is added. No checks will be performed with regard to SUBGIDMIN, SUBGIDMAX, or SUBGIDCOUNT from /etc/login.defs."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-Z",
                "long": "--selinux-user",
                "arg": null,
                "description": "The new SELinux user for the user's login. A blank SEUSER will remove the SELinux user mapping for user LOGIN (if any)."
            }
        ],
        "examples": [],
        "see_also": [
            {
                "name": "chfn",
                "section": "1",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/chfn/1/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "chsh",
                "section": "1",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/chsh/1/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "passwd",
                "section": "1",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/passwd/1/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "crypt",
                "section": "3",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/crypt/3/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "gpasswd",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/gpasswd/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "groupadd",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/groupadd/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "groupdel",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/groupdel/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "groupmod",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/groupmod/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "login.defs",
                "section": "5",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/login.defs/5/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "subgid",
                "section": "5",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/subgid/5/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "subuid",
                "section": "5",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/subuid/5/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "useradd",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/useradd/8/json"
            },
            {
                "name": "userdel",
                "section": "8",
                "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/userdel/8/json"
            }
        ],
        "section_outline": [
            {
                "name": "NAME",
                "lines": 2,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "SYNOPSIS",
                "lines": 2,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "DESCRIPTION",
                "lines": 3,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "OPTIONS",
                "lines": 2,
                "subsections": [
                    {
                        "name": "-a --append",
                        "lines": 2,
                        "flag": "-a",
                        "long": "--append"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-b --badnames",
                        "lines": 2,
                        "flag": "-b",
                        "long": "--badnames"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-c --comment",
                        "lines": 3,
                        "flag": "-c",
                        "long": "--comment"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-d --home",
                        "lines": 5,
                        "flag": "-d",
                        "long": "--home"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-e --expiredate",
                        "lines": 8,
                        "flag": "-e",
                        "long": "--expiredate"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-f --inactive",
                        "lines": 8,
                        "flag": "-f",
                        "long": "--inactive"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-g --gid",
                        "lines": 7,
                        "flag": "-g",
                        "long": "--gid"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-G --groups",
                        "lines": 8,
                        "flag": "-G",
                        "long": "--groups"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-l --login",
                        "lines": 4,
                        "flag": "-l",
                        "long": "--login"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-L --lock",
                        "lines": 6,
                        "flag": "-L",
                        "long": "--lock"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-m --move-home",
                        "lines": 7,
                        "flag": "-m",
                        "long": "--move-home"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-o --non-unique",
                        "lines": 3,
                        "flag": "-o",
                        "long": "--non-unique"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-p --password",
                        "lines": 10,
                        "flag": "-p",
                        "long": "--password"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-R --root",
                        "lines": 3,
                        "flag": "-R",
                        "long": "--root"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-P --prefix",
                        "lines": 5,
                        "flag": "-P",
                        "long": "--prefix"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-s --shell",
                        "lines": 3,
                        "flag": "-s",
                        "long": "--shell"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-u --uid",
                        "lines": 12,
                        "flag": "-u",
                        "long": "--uid"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-U --unlock",
                        "lines": 7,
                        "flag": "-U",
                        "long": "--unlock"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-v --add-subuids",
                        "lines": 7,
                        "flag": "-v",
                        "long": "--add-subuids"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-V --del-subuids",
                        "lines": 9,
                        "flag": "-V",
                        "long": "--del-subuids"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-w --add-subgids",
                        "lines": 7,
                        "flag": "-w",
                        "long": "--add-subgids"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-W --del-subgids",
                        "lines": 9,
                        "flag": "-W",
                        "long": "--del-subgids"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-Z --selinux-user",
                        "lines": 4,
                        "flag": "-Z",
                        "long": "--selinux-user"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "name": "CAVEATS",
                "lines": 9,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "CONFIGURATION",
                "lines": 2,
                "subsections": [
                    {
                        "name": "LASTLOG___UID___MAX (number)",
                        "lines": 7
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "MAIL___DIR (string)",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "MAIL___FILE (string)",
                        "lines": 5
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "MAX___MEMBERS___PER___GROUP (number)",
                        "lines": 14
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "SUB___GID___MIN (number), SUB___GID___MAX (number), SUB___GID___COUNT (number)",
                        "lines": 7
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "SUB___UID___MIN (number), SUB___UID___MAX (number), SUB___UID___COUNT (number)",
                        "lines": 7
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "name": "FILES",
                "lines": 21,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "SEE ALSO",
                "lines": 6,
                "subsections": []
            }
        ],
        "sections": {
            "NAME": {
                "content": "usermod - modify a user account\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "SYNOPSIS": {
                "content": "usermod [options] LOGIN\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "DESCRIPTION": {
                "content": "The usermod command modifies the system account files to reflect the changes that are\nspecified on the command line.\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "OPTIONS": {
                "content": "The options which apply to the usermod command are:\n",
                "subsections": [
                    {
                        "name": "-a --append",
                        "content": "Add the user to the supplementary group(s). Use only with the -G option.\n",
                        "flag": "-a",
                        "long": "--append"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-b --badnames",
                        "content": "Allow names that do not conform to standards.\n",
                        "flag": "-b",
                        "long": "--badnames"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-c --comment",
                        "content": "The new value of the user's password file comment field. It is normally modified using\nthe chfn(1) utility.\n",
                        "flag": "-c",
                        "long": "--comment"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-d --home",
                        "content": "The user's new login directory.\n\nIf the -m option is given, the contents of the current home directory will be moved to\nthe new home directory, which is created if it does not already exist.\n",
                        "flag": "-d",
                        "long": "--home"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-e --expiredate",
                        "content": "The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified in the format\nYYYY-MM-DD.\n\nAn empty EXPIREDATE argument will disable the expiration of the account.\n\nThis option requires a /etc/shadow file. A /etc/shadow entry will be created if there\nwere none.\n",
                        "flag": "-e",
                        "long": "--expiredate"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-f --inactive",
                        "content": "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently disabled.\n\nA value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has expired, and a value of -1\ndisables the feature.\n\nThis option requires a /etc/shadow file. A /etc/shadow entry will be created if there\nwere none.\n",
                        "flag": "-f",
                        "long": "--inactive"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-g --gid",
                        "content": "The group name or number of the user's new initial login group. The group must exist.\n\nAny file from the user's home directory owned by the previous primary group of the user\nwill be owned by this new group.\n\nThe group ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be fixed manually.\n",
                        "flag": "-g",
                        "long": "--gid"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-G --groups",
                        "content": "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each group is\nseparated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. The groups are\nsubject to the same restrictions as the group given with the -g option.\n\nIf the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user will be\nremoved from the group. This behaviour can be changed via the -a option, which appends\nthe user to the current supplementary group list.\n",
                        "flag": "-G",
                        "long": "--groups"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-l --login",
                        "content": "The name of the user will be changed from LOGIN to NEWLOGIN. Nothing else is changed. In\nparticular, the user's home directory or mail spool should probably be renamed manually\nto reflect the new login name.\n",
                        "flag": "-l",
                        "long": "--login"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-L --lock",
                        "content": "Lock a user's password. This puts a '!' in front of the encrypted password, effectively\ndisabling the password. You can't use this option with -p or -U.\n\nNote: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you should also\nset the EXPIREDATE to 1.\n",
                        "flag": "-L",
                        "long": "--lock"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-m --move-home",
                        "content": "Move the content of the user's home directory to the new location.\n\nThis option is only valid in combination with the -d (or --home) option.\n\nusermod will try to adapt the ownership of the files and to copy the modes, ACL and\nextended attributes, but manual changes might be needed afterwards.\n",
                        "flag": "-m",
                        "long": "--move-home"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-o --non-unique",
                        "content": "When used with the -u option, this option allows to change the user ID to a non-unique\nvalue.\n",
                        "flag": "-o",
                        "long": "--non-unique"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-p --password",
                        "content": "The encrypted password, as returned by crypt(3).\n\nNote: This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be\nvisible by users listing the processes.\n\nThe password will be written in the local /etc/passwd or /etc/shadow file. This might\ndiffer from the password database configured in your PAM configuration.\n\nYou should make sure the password respects the system's password policy.\n",
                        "flag": "-p",
                        "long": "--password"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-R --root",
                        "content": "Apply changes in the CHROOTDIR directory and use the configuration files from the\nCHROOTDIR directory.\n",
                        "flag": "-R",
                        "long": "--root"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-P --prefix",
                        "content": "Apply changes in the PREFIXDIR directory and use the configuration files from the\nPREFIXDIR directory. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a\ncross-compilation target. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified.\nPAM authentication is using the host files. No SELINUX support.\n",
                        "flag": "-P",
                        "long": "--prefix"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-s --shell",
                        "content": "The name of the user's new login shell. Setting this field to blank causes the system to\nselect the default login shell.\n",
                        "flag": "-s",
                        "long": "--shell"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-u --uid",
                        "content": "The new numerical value of the user's ID.\n\nThis value must be unique, unless the -o option is used. The value must be non-negative.\n\nThe user's mailbox, and any files which the user owns and which are located in the user's\nhome directory will have the file user ID changed automatically.\n\nThe ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be fixed manually.\n\nNo checks will be performed with regard to the UIDMIN, UIDMAX, SYSUIDMIN, or\nSYSUIDMAX from /etc/login.defs.\n",
                        "flag": "-u",
                        "long": "--uid"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-U --unlock",
                        "content": "Unlock a user's password. This removes the '!' in front of the encrypted password. You\ncan't use this option with -p or -L.\n\nNote: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), you should\nalso set the EXPIREDATE (for example to 99999, or to the EXPIRE value from\n/etc/default/useradd).\n",
                        "flag": "-U",
                        "long": "--unlock"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-v --add-subuids",
                        "content": "Add a range of subordinate uids to the user's account.\n\nThis option may be specified multiple times to add multiple ranges to a users account.\n\nNo checks will be performed with regard to SUBUIDMIN, SUBUIDMAX, or SUBUIDCOUNT\nfrom /etc/login.defs.\n",
                        "flag": "-v",
                        "long": "--add-subuids"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-V --del-subuids",
                        "content": "Remove a range of subordinate uids from the user's account.\n\nThis option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a users account.\nWhen both --del-subuids and --add-subuids are specified, the removal of all subordinate\nuid ranges happens before any subordinate uid range is added.\n\nNo checks will be performed with regard to SUBUIDMIN, SUBUIDMAX, or SUBUIDCOUNT\nfrom /etc/login.defs.\n",
                        "flag": "-V",
                        "long": "--del-subuids"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-w --add-subgids",
                        "content": "Add a range of subordinate gids to the user's account.\n\nThis option may be specified multiple times to add multiple ranges to a users account.\n\nNo checks will be performed with regard to SUBGIDMIN, SUBGIDMAX, or SUBGIDCOUNT\nfrom /etc/login.defs.\n",
                        "flag": "-w",
                        "long": "--add-subgids"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-W --del-subgids",
                        "content": "Remove a range of subordinate gids from the user's account.\n\nThis option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a users account.\nWhen both --del-subgids and --add-subgids are specified, the removal of all subordinate\ngid ranges happens before any subordinate gid range is added.\n\nNo checks will be performed with regard to SUBGIDMIN, SUBGIDMAX, or SUBGIDCOUNT\nfrom /etc/login.defs.\n",
                        "flag": "-W",
                        "long": "--del-subgids"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-Z --selinux-user",
                        "content": "The new SELinux user for the user's login.\n\nA blank SEUSER will remove the SELinux user mapping for user LOGIN (if any).\n",
                        "flag": "-Z",
                        "long": "--selinux-user"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "CAVEATS": {
                "content": "You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes when this command is\nbeing executed if the user's numerical user ID, the user's name, or the user's home directory\nis being changed.  usermod checks this on Linux. On other platforms it only uses utmp to\ncheck if the user is logged in.\n\nYou must change the owner of any crontab files or at jobs manually.\n\nYou must make any changes involving NIS on the NIS server.\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "CONFIGURATION": {
                "content": "The following configuration variables in /etc/login.defs change the behavior of this tool:\n",
                "subsections": [
                    {
                        "name": "LASTLOG___UID___MAX (number)",
                        "content": "Highest user ID number for which the lastlog entries should be updated. As higher user\nIDs are usually tracked by remote user identity and authentication services there is no\nneed to create a huge sparse lastlog file for them.\n\nNo LASTLOGUIDMAX option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID\nlimit for writing lastlog entries.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "MAIL___DIR (string)",
                        "content": "The mail spool directory. This is needed to manipulate the mailbox when its corresponding\nuser account is modified or deleted. If not specified, a compile-time default is used.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "MAIL___FILE (string)",
                        "content": "Defines the location of the users mail spool files relatively to their home directory.\n\nThe MAILDIR and MAILFILE variables are used by useradd, usermod, and userdel to create,\nmove, or delete the user's mail spool.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "MAX___MEMBERS___PER___GROUP (number)",
                        "content": "Maximum members per group entry. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is\nstarted in /etc/group (with the same name, same password, and same GID).\n\nThe default value is 0, meaning that there are no limits in the number of members in a\ngroup.\n\nThis feature (split group) permits to limit the length of lines in the group file. This\nis useful to make sure that lines for NIS groups are not larger than 1024 characters.\n\nIf you need to enforce such limit, you can use 25.\n\nNote: split groups may not be supported by all tools (even in the Shadow toolsuite). You\nshould not use this variable unless you really need it.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "SUB___GID___MIN (number), SUB___GID___MAX (number), SUB___GID___COUNT (number)",
                        "content": "If /etc/subuid exists, the commands useradd and newusers (unless the user already have\nsubordinate group IDs) allocate SUBGIDCOUNT unused group IDs from the range SUBGIDMIN\nto SUBGIDMAX for each new user.\n\nThe default values for SUBGIDMIN, SUBGIDMAX, SUBGIDCOUNT are respectively 100000,\n600100000 and 65536.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "SUB___UID___MIN (number), SUB___UID___MAX (number), SUB___UID___COUNT (number)",
                        "content": "If /etc/subuid exists, the commands useradd and newusers (unless the user already have\nsubordinate user IDs) allocate SUBUIDCOUNT unused user IDs from the range SUBUIDMIN\nto SUBUIDMAX for each new user.\n\nThe default values for SUBUIDMIN, SUBUIDMAX, SUBUIDCOUNT are respectively 100000,\n600100000 and 65536.\n"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "FILES": {
                "content": "/etc/group\nGroup account information.\n\n/etc/gshadow\nSecure group account information.\n\n/etc/login.defs\nShadow password suite configuration.\n\n/etc/passwd\nUser account information.\n\n/etc/shadow\nSecure user account information.\n\n/etc/subgid\nPer user subordinate group IDs.\n\n/etc/subuid\nPer user subordinate user IDs.\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "SEE ALSO": {
                "content": "chfn(1), chsh(1), passwd(1), crypt(3), gpasswd(8), groupadd(8), groupdel(8), groupmod(8),\nlogin.defs(5), subgid(5), subuid(5), useradd(8), userdel(8).\n\n\n\nshadow-utils 4.8.1                           02/06/2024                                   USERMOD(8)",
                "subsections": []
            }
        }
    }
}