{ "content": [ { "type": "text", "text": "# SMARTD.CONF (man)\n\n## NAME\n\nsmartd.conf - SMART Disk Monitoring Daemon Configuration File\n\n## DESCRIPTION\n\n[This man page is generated for the Linux version of smartmontools. It does not contain info\nspecific to other platforms.]\n\n## Sections\n\n- **NAME**\n- **DESCRIPTION**\n- **DEFAULT SETTINGS**\n- **CONFIGURATION FILE DIRECTIVES** (28 subsections)\n- **FILES** (1 subsections)\n- **SEE ALSO**\n- **PACKAGE VERSION**\n\nUse structuredContent.sections for detailed options, examples, and full documentation.\n" } ], "structuredContent": { "command": "SMARTD.CONF", "section": "", "mode": "man", "summary": "smartd.conf - SMART Disk Monitoring Daemon Configuration File", "synopsis": null, "tldr_summary": null, "tldr_examples": [], "tldr_source": null, "flags": [ { "flag": "-d", "long": null, "arg": "TYPE", "description": "Specifies the type of the device. The valid arguments to this directive are: auto - attempt to guess the device type from the device name or from controller type info provided by the operating system or from a matching USB ID entry in the drive database. This is the default. ata - the device type is ATA. This prevents smartd from issuing SCSI commands to an ATA device. scsi - the device type is SCSI. This prevents smartd from issuing ATA commands to a SCSI device. nvme[,NSID] - the device type is NVM Express (NVMe). The optional parameter NSID specifies the namespace id (in hex) passed to the driver. Use 0xffffffff for the broadcast namespace id. The default for NSID is the namespace id addressed by the de‐ vice name. sat[,auto][,N] - the device type is SCSI to ATA Translation (SAT). This is for ATA disks that have a SCSI to ATA Translation Layer (SATL) between the disk and the oper‐ ating system. SAT defines two ATA PASS THROUGH SCSI commands, one 12 bytes long and the other 16 bytes long. The default is the 16 byte variant which can be overridden with either '-d sat,12' or '-d sat,16'. If '-d sat,auto' is specified, device type SAT (for ATA/SATA disks) is only used if the SCSI INQUIRY data reports a SATL (VENDOR: \"ATA \"). Otherwise device type SCSI (for SCSI/SAS disks) is used. usbcypress - this device type is for ATA disks that are behind a Cypress USB to PATA bridge. This will use the ATACB proprietary scsi pass through command. The default SCSI operation code is 0x24, but although it can be overridden with '-d usbcy‐ press,0xN', where N is the scsi operation code, you're running the risk of damage to the device or filesystems on it. usbjmicron[,p][,x][,PORT] - this device type is for SATA disks that are behind a JMi‐ cron USB to PATA/SATA bridge. The 48-bit ATA commands (required e.g. for '-l xerror', see below) do not work with all of these bridges and are therefore disabled by de‐ fault. These commands can be enabled by '-d usbjmicron,x'. If two disks are con‐ nected to a bridge with two ports, an error message is printed if no PORT is speci‐ fied. The port can be specified by '-d usbjmicron[,x],PORT' where PORT is 0 (master) or 1 (slave). This is not necessary if the device uses a port multiplier to connect multiple disks to one port. The disks appear under separate /dev/ice names then. CAUTION: Specifying ',x' for a device which does not support it results in I/O errors and may disconnect the drive. The same applies if the specified PORT does not exist or is not connected to a disk. The Prolific PL2507/3507 USB bridges with older firmware support a pass-through com‐ mand similar to JMicron and work with '-d usbjmicron,0'. Newer Prolific firmware re‐ quires a modified command which can be selected by '-d usbjmicron,p'. Note that this does not yet support the SMART status command. usbprolific - this device type is for SATA disks that are behind a Prolific PL2571/2771/2773/2775 USB to SATA bridge. usbsunplus - this device type is for SATA disks that are behind a SunplusIT USB to SATA bridge. sntjmicron[,NSID] - this device type is for NVMe disks that are behind a JMicron USB to NVMe bridge. The optional parameter NSID specifies the namespace id (in hex) passed to the driver. The default namespace id is the broadcast namespace id (0xffffffff). sntrealtek - [NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTD FEATURE] this device type is for NVMe disks that are behind a Realtek USB to NVMe bridge. marvell - [Linux only] interact with SATA disks behind Marvell chip-set controllers (using the Marvell rather than libata driver). megaraid,N - [Linux only] the device consists of one or more SCSI/SAS disks connected to a MegaRAID controller. The non-negative integer N (in the range of 0 to 127 inclu‐ sive) denotes which disk on the controller is monitored. This interface will also work for Dell PERC controllers. In log files and email messages this disk will be identified as megaraiddiskXXX with XXX in the range from 000 to 127 inclusive. It is possible to set RAID device name as /dev/bus/N, where N is a SCSI bus number. Please see the smartctl(8) man page for further details. aacraid,H,L,ID - [Linux, Windows and Cygwin only] the device consists of one or more SCSI/SAS or SATA disks connected to an AacRaid controller. The non-negative integers H,L,ID (Host number, Lun, ID) denote which disk on the controller is monitored. In log files and email messages this disk will be identified as aacraiddiskHHLLID. Please see the smartctl(8) man page for further details. 3ware,N - [FreeBSD and Linux only] the device consists of one or more ATA disks con‐ nected to a 3ware RAID controller. The non-negative integer N (in the range from 0 to 127 inclusive) denotes which disk on the controller is monitored. In log files and email messages this disk will be identified as 3warediskXXX with XXX in the range from 000 to 127 inclusive. Note that while you may use any of the 3ware SCSI logical devices /dev/tw* to address any of the physical disks (3ware ports), error and log messages will make the most sense if you always list the 3ware SCSI logical device corresponding to the particular physical disks. Please see the smartctl(8) man page for further details. areca,N - [FreeBSD, Linux, Windows and Cygwin only] the device consists of one or more SATA disks connected to an Areca SATA RAID controller. The positive integer N (in the range from 1 to 24 inclusive) denotes which disk on the controller is monitored. In log files and email messages this disk will be identified as arecadiskXX with XX in the range from 01 to 24 inclusive. Please see the smartctl(8) man page for further details. areca,N/E - [FreeBSD, Linux, Windows and Cygwin only] the device consists of one or more SATA or SAS disks connected to an Areca SAS RAID controller. The integer N (range 1 to 128) denotes the channel (slot) and E (range 1 to 8) denotes the enclo‐ sure. Important: This requires Areca SAS controller firmware version 1.51 or later. cciss,N - [FreeBSD and Linux only] the device consists of one or more SCSI/SAS or SATA disks connected to a cciss RAID controller. The non-negative integer N (in the range from 0 to 15 inclusive) denotes which disk on the controller is monitored. In log files and email messages this disk will be identified as ccissdiskXX with XX in the range from 00 to 15 inclusive. Please see the smartctl(8) man page for further de‐ tails. hpt,L/M/N - [FreeBSD and Linux only] the device consists of one or more ATA disks con‐ nected to a HighPoint RocketRAID controller. The integer L is the controller id, the integer M is the channel number, and the integer N is the PMPort number if it is available. The allowed values of L are from 1 to 4 inclusive, M are from 1 to 128 in‐ clusive and N from 1 to 4 if PMPort available. And also these values are limited by the model of the HighPoint RocketRAID controller. In log files and email messages this disk will be identified as hptX/X/X and X/X/X is the same as L/M/N, note if no N indicated, N set to the default value 1. Please see the smartctl(8) man page for fur‐ ther details. intelliprop,N[+TYPE] - the device consists of multiple ATA disks connected to an In‐ telliprop controller. The integer N is the port number from 0 to 3 of the ATA drive to be targeted. Please see the smartctl(8) man page for further details. jmb39x[-q],N[,sLBA][,force][+TYPE] - [NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTD FEATURE] the device con‐ sists of multiple SATA disks connected to a JMicron JMB39x RAID port multiplier. The suffix '-q' selects a slightly different command variant used by some QNAP NAS de‐ vices. The integer N is the port number from 0 to 4. Please see the smartctl(8) man page for further details. jms56x,N[,sLBA][,force][+TYPE] - [NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTD FEATURE] the device consists of multiple SATA disks connected to a JMicron JMS56x USB to SATA RAID bridge. See 'jmb39x...' above for valid arguments. ignore - the device specified by this configuration entry should be ignored. This al‐ lows to ignore specific devices which are detected by a following DEVICESCAN configu‐ ration line. It may also be used to temporary disable longer multi-line configuration entries. This Directive may be used in conjunction with the other '-d' Directives. removable - the device or its media is removable. This indicates to smartd that it should continue (instead of exiting, which is the default behavior) if the device does not appear to be present when smartd is started. This directive also suppresses warn‐ ing emails and repeated log messages if the device is removed after startup. This Di‐ rective may be used in conjunction with the other '-d' Directives. WARNING: Removing a device and connecting a different one to same interface is not supported and may result in bogus warnings until smartd is restarted." }, { "flag": "-n", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "[ATA only] This 'nocheck' Directive is used to prevent a disk from being spun-up when it is periodically polled by smartd. ATA disks have five different power states. In order of increasing power consumption they are: 'OFF', 'SLEEP', 'STANDBY', 'IDLE', and 'ACTIVE'. Typically in the OFF, SLEEP, and STANDBY modes the disk's platters are not spinning. But usually, in re‐ sponse to SMART commands issued by smartd, the disk platters are spun up. So if this option is not used, then a disk which is in a low-power mode may be spun up and put into a higher-power mode when it is periodically polled by smartd. Note that if the disk is in SLEEP mode when smartd is started, then it won't respond to smartd commands, and so the disk won't be registered as a device for smartd to mon‐ itor. If a disk is in any other low-power mode, then the commands issued by smartd to register the disk will probably cause it to spin-up. The '-n' (nocheck) Directive specifies if smartd's periodic checks should still be carried out when the device is in a low-power mode. It may be used to prevent a disk from being spun-up by periodic smartd polling. The allowed values of POWERMODE are: never - smartd will poll (check) the device regardless of its power mode. This may cause a disk which is spun-down to be spun-up when smartd checks it. This is the de‐ fault behavior if the '-n' Directive is not given. sleep - check the device unless it is in SLEEP mode. standby - check the device unless it is in SLEEP or STANDBY mode. In these modes most disks are not spinning, so if you want to prevent a laptop disk from spinning up each time that smartd polls, this is probably what you want. idle - check the device unless it is in SLEEP, STANDBY or IDLE mode. In the IDLE state, most disks are still spinning, so this is probably not what you want. Maximum number of skipped checks (in a row) can be specified by appending positive number ',N' to POWERMODE (like '-n standby,15'). After N checks are skipped in a row, powermode is ignored and the check is performed anyway. When a periodic test is skipped, smartd normally writes an informal log message. The message can be suppressed by appending the option ',q' to POWERMODE (like '-n standby,q'). This prevents a laptop disk from spinning up due to this message. Both ',N' and ',q' can be specified together." }, { "flag": "-T", "long": null, "arg": "TYPE", "description": "Specifies how tolerant smartd should be of SMART command failures. The valid argu‐ ments to this Directive are: normal - do not try to monitor the disk if a mandatory SMART command fails, but con‐ tinue if an optional SMART command fails. This is the default. permissive - try to monitor the disk even if it appears to lack SMART capabilities. This may be required for some old disks (prior to ATA-3 revision 4) that implemented SMART before the SMART standards were incorporated into the ATA/ATAPI Specifications. [Please see the smartctl -T command-line option.]" }, { "flag": "-o", "long": null, "arg": "VALUE", "description": "[ATA only] Enables or disables SMART Automatic Offline Testing when smartd starts up and has no further effect. The valid arguments to this Directive are on and off. The delay between tests is vendor-specific, but is typically four hours. Note that SMART Automatic Offline Testing is not part of the ATA Specification. Please see the smartctl -o command-line option documentation for further information about this feature." }, { "flag": "-S", "long": null, "arg": "VALUE", "description": "Enables or disables Attribute Autosave when smartd starts up and has no further ef‐ fect. The valid arguments to this Directive are on and off. Also affects SCSI de‐ vices. [Please see the smartctl -S command-line option.]" }, { "flag": "-H", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "this command reports a failing health status, then disk failure is predicted in less than 24 hours, and a message at loglevel 'LOGCRIT' will be logged to syslog. [Please see the smartctl -H command-line option.] [NVMe] Checks the \"Critical Warning\" byte from the SMART/Health Information log. If any warning bit is set, a message at loglevel 'LOGCRIT' will be logged to syslog." }, { "flag": "-l", "long": null, "arg": "TYPE", "description": "Reports increases in the number of errors in one of three SMART logs. The valid argu‐ ments to this Directive are: error - [ATA] report if the number of ATA errors reported in the Summary SMART error log has increased since the last check. error - [NVMe] report if the \"Number of Error Information Log Entries\" from the SMART/Health Information log has increased since the last check. xerror - [ATA] report if the number of ATA errors reported in the Extended Comprehen‐ sive SMART error log has increased since the last check. If both '-l error' and '-l xerror' are specified, smartd checks the maximum of both values. [Please see the smartctl -l xerror command-line option.] xerror - [NVMe] same as '-l error'. selftest - report if the number of failed tests reported in the SMART Self-Test Log has increased since the last check, or if the timestamp associated with the most re‐ cent failed test has increased. Note that such errors will only be logged if you run self-tests on the disk (and it fails a test!). Self-Tests can be run automatically by smartd: please see the '-s' Directive below. Self-Tests can also be run manually by using the '-t short' and '-t long' options of smartctl and the results of the testing can be observed using the smartctl '-l selftest' command-line option. [Please see the smartctl -l and -t command-line options.] [ATA only] Failed self-tests outdated by a newer successful extended self-test are ig‐ nored. The warning email counter is reset if the number of failed self tests dropped to 0. This typically happens when an extended self-test is run after all bad sectors have been reallocated. offlinests[,ns] - [ATA only] report if the Offline Data Collection status has changed since the last check. The report will be logged as LOGCRIT if the new status indi‐ cates an error. With some drives the status often changes, therefore '-l offlinests' is not enabled by '-a' Directive. Appending ',ns' (no standby) to this directive is not implemented on Linux. selfteststs[,ns] - [ATA only] report if the Self-Test execution status has changed since the last check. The report will be logged as LOGCRIT if the new status indi‐ cates an error. Appending ',ns' (no standby) to this directive is not implemented on Linux. scterc,READTIME,WRITETIME - [ATA only] sets the SCT Error Recovery Control settings to the specified values (deciseconds) when smartd starts up and has no further effect. Values of 0 disable the feature, other values less than 65 are probably not supported. For RAID configurations, this is typically set to 70,70 deciseconds. [Please see the smartctl -l scterc command-line option.]" }, { "flag": "-e", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "Sets non-SMART device settings when smartd starts up and has no further effect. [Please see the smartctl --set command-line option.] Valid arguments are: aam,[N|off] - [ATA only] Sets the Automatic Acoustic Management (AAM) feature. apm,[N|off] - [ATA only] Sets the Advanced Power Management (APM) feature. lookahead,[on|off] - [ATA only] Sets the read look-ahead feature. security-freeze - [ATA only] Sets ATA Security feature to frozen mode. standby,[N|off] - [ATA only] Sets the standby (spindown) timer and places the drive in the IDLE mode. wcache,[on|off] - [ATA only] Sets the volatile write cache feature. dsn,[on|off] - [ATA only] Sets the DSN feature." }, { "flag": "-s", "long": null, "arg": "REGEXP", "description": "Run Self-Tests or Offline Immediate Tests, at scheduled times. A Self- or Offline Im‐ mediate Test will be run at the end of periodic device polling, if all 12 characters of the string T/MM/DD/d/HH match the extended regular expression REGEXP. Here: T is the type of the test. The values that smartd will try to match (in turn) are: 'L' for a Long Self-Test, 'S' for a Short Self-Test, 'C' for a Conveyance Self- Test (ATA only), and 'O' for an Offline Immediate Test (ATA only). As soon as a match is found, the test will be started and no additional matches will be sought for that device and that polling cycle. To run scheduled Selective Self-Tests, use 'n' for next span, 'r' to redo last span, or 'c' to continue with next span or redo last span based on status of last test. The LBA range is based on the first span from the last test. See the smartctl -t select,[next|redo|cont] options for further info. Some disks (e.g. WD) do not preserve the selective self test log across power cy‐ cles. If state persistence ('-s' option) is enabled, the last test span is pre‐ served by smartd and used if (and only if) the selective self test log is empty. MM is the month of the year, expressed with two decimal digits. The range is from 01 (January) to 12 (December) inclusive. Do not use a single decimal digit or the match will always fail! DD is the day of the month, expressed with two decimal digits. The range is from 01 to 31 inclusive. Do not use a single decimal digit or the match will always fail! d is the day of the week, expressed with one decimal digit. The range is from 1 (Monday) to 7 (Sunday) inclusive. HH is the hour of the day, written with two decimal digits, and given in hours after midnight. The range is 00 (midnight to just before 1 am) to 23 (11pm to just be‐ fore midnight) inclusive. Do not use a single decimal digit or the match will al‐ ways fail! [NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTD FEATURE] If the regular expression contains substrings of the form :NNN or :NNN-LLL, where NNN and LLL are three decimal digits, staggered tests are enabled. Then a test will also be run if all 16 (or 20) characters of the string T/MM/DD/d/HH:NNN (or T/MM/DD/d/HH:NNN-LLL) match the regular expression. This check is done for up to seven :NNN or :NNN-LLL found in the regular expression. The time used for the check is adjusted to the past such that tests of the first drive are not delayed, tests of the second drive are delayed by NNN hours, tests of the third drive are delayed by 2*NNN hours, and so on. If LLL is also specified, delays are limited to LLL hours by calculating each individ‐ ual delay as: '((DRIVEINDEX * NNN) mod (LLL + 1))'. Some examples follow. In reading these, keep in mind that in extended regular expres‐ sions a dot '.' matches any single character, and a parenthetical expression such as '(A|B|C)' denotes any one of the three possibilities A, B, or C. To schedule a short Self-Test between 2–3 am every morning, use: -s S/../.././02 To schedule a long Self-Test between 4–5 am every Sunday morning, use: -s L/../../7/04 To enable staggered tests with delays in three hour steps, use: -s L/../../7/04:003 To enable staggered tests with delays 0, 3, 6, 9, 1, 4, 7, 10, 2, 5, 8, 0, ... hours, use: -s L/../../7/04:003-010 To enable staggered tests with delays 0, 1, 2, ..., 9, 10, 0, ... hours, use: -s L/../../7/04:001-010 To schedule a long Self-Test between 10–11 pm on the first and fifteenth day of each month, use: -s L/../(01|15)/./22 To schedule an Offline Immediate test after every midnight, 6 am, noon, and 6 pm, plus a Short Self-Test daily at 1–2 am and a Long Self-Test every Saturday at 3–4 am, use: -s (O/../.././(00|06|12|18)|S/../.././01|L/../../6/03) To enable staggered Long Self-Tests with delays in three hour steps, use: -s (O/../.././(00|06|12|18)|S/../.././01|L/../../6/03:003) If Long Self-Tests of a large disks take longer than the system uptime, a full disk test can be performed by several Selective Self-Tests. To setup a full test of a 1 TB disk within 20 days (one 50 GB span each day), run this command once: smartctl -t select,0-99999999 /dev/sda To run the next test spans on Monday–Friday between 12–13 am, run smartd with this di‐ rective: -s n/../../[1-5]/12 Scheduled tests are run immediately following the regularly-scheduled device polling, if the current local date, time, and test type, match REGEXP. By default the regu‐ larly-scheduled device polling occurs every thirty minutes after starting smartd. Take caution if you use the '-i' option to make this polling interval more than sixty minutes: the poll times may fail to coincide with any of the testing times that you have specified with REGEXP. In this case the test will be run following the next de‐ vice polling. Before running an offline or self-test, smartd checks to be sure that a self-test is not already running. If a self-test is already running, then this running self test will not be interrupted to begin another test. smartd will not attempt to run any type of test if another test was already started or run in the same hour. To avoid performance problems during system boot, smartd will not attempt to run any scheduled tests following the very first device polling (unless '-q onecheck' is spec‐ ified). Each time a test is run, smartd will log an entry to SYSLOG. You can use these or the '-q showtests' command-line option to verify that you constructed REGEXP correctly. The matching order (L before S before C before O) ensures that if multiple test types are all scheduled for the same hour, the longer test type has precedence. This is usually the desired behavior. If the scheduled tests are used in conjunction with state persistence ('-s' option), smartd will also try to match the hours since last shutdown (or 90 days at most). If any test would have been started during downtime, the longest (see above) of these tests is run after second device polling. If the '-n' directive is used and any test would have been started during disk standby time, the longest of these tests is run when the disk is active again. Unix users: please beware that the rules for extended regular expressions [regex(7)] are not the same as the rules for file-name pattern matching by the shell [glob(7)]. smartd will issue harmless informational warning messages if it detects characters in REGEXP that appear to indicate that you have made this mistake." }, { "flag": "-m", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "'-l selftest', '-f', '-C', '-U', or '-W' Directives detect a failure or a new error, or if a SMART command to the disk fails. This Directive only works in conjunction with these other Directives (or with the equivalent default '-a' Directive). To prevent your email in-box from getting filled up with warning messages, by default only a single warning and (depending on '-s' option) daily reminder emails will be sent for each of the enabled alert types. See the '-M' Directive below for details. To send email to more than one user, please use the following \"comma separated\" form for the address: user1@add1,user2@add2,...,userN@addN (with no spaces). To test that email is being sent correctly, use the '-M test' Directive described be‐ low to send one test email message on smartd startup. By default, email is sent using the system mail(1) command. In order that smartd find this command (normally /usr/bin/mail) the executable must be in the path of the shell or environment from which smartd was started. If you wish to specify an explicit path to the mail executable (for example /usr/local/bin/mail) or a custom script to run, please use the '-M exec' Directive below. Note also that there is a special argument which can be given to the '-m' Directive in conjunction with the '-M exec' Directive. Please see below for an expla‐ nation of its effect. If the mailer or the shell running it produces any STDERR/STDOUT output, then a snip‐ pet of that output will be copied to SYSLOG. The remainder of the output is dis‐ carded. If problems are encountered in sending mail, this should help you to under‐ stand and fix them. If you have mail problems, we recommend running smartd in debug mode with the '-d' flag, using the '-M test' Directive described below. If a word of the comma separated list has the form '@plugin', a custom script /etc/smartmontools/smartdwarning.d/plugin is run and the word is removed from the list before sending mail. The string 'plugin' may be any valid name except 'ALL'. If '@ALL' is specified, all scripts in /etc/smartmontools/smartdwarning.d/* are run in‐ stead. This is handled by the script /usr/share/smartmontools/smartdwarning.sh (see also '-M exec' below)." }, { "flag": "-M", "long": null, "arg": "TYPE", "description": "These Directives modify the behavior of the smartd email warnings enabled with the '-m' email Directive described above. These '-M' Directives only work in conjunction with the '-m' Directive and can not be used without it. Multiple -M Directives may be given. If more than one of the following three -M Di‐ rectives are given (example: -M once -M daily) then the final one (in the example, -M daily) is used. The valid arguments to the -M Directive are (one of the following three): once - send only one warning email for each type of disk problem detected. This is the default unless state persistence ('-s' option) is enabled. daily - send additional warning reminder emails, once per day, for each type of disk problem detected. This is the default if state persistence ('-s' option) is enabled. diminishing - send additional warning reminder emails, after a one-day interval, then a two-day interval, then a four-day interval, and so on for each type of disk problem detected. Each interval is twice as long as the previous interval. If a disk problem is no longer detected, the internal email counter is reset. If the problem reappears a new warning email is sent immediately. In addition, one may add zero or more of the following Directives: test - send a single test email immediately upon smartd startup. This allows one to verify that email is delivered correctly. Note that if this Directive is used, smartd will also send the normal email warnings that were enabled with the '-m' Directive, in addition to the single test email! exec PATH - run the executable PATH instead of the default mail command, when smartd needs to send email. PATH must point to an executable binary file or script. By setting PATH to point to a customized script, you can make smartd perform useful tricks when a disk problem is detected (beeping the console, shutting down the ma‐ chine, broadcasting warnings to all logged-in users, etc.) But please be careful. smartd will block until the executable PATH returns, so if your executable hangs, then smartd will also hang. Some sample scripts are included in /usr/share/doc/smartmon‐ tools/examples//. The exit status of the executable is recorded by smartd in SYSLOG. The executable is not expected to write to STDOUT or STDERR. If it does, then this is interpreted as indicating that something is going wrong with your executable, and a fragment of this output is logged to SYSLOG to help you to understand the problem. Normally, if you wish to leave some record behind, the executable should send mail or write to a file or device. Before running the executable, smartd sets a number of environment variables. These environment variables may be used to control the executable's behavior. The environ‐ ment variables exported by smartd are: SMARTDMAILER is set to the argument of -M exec, if present or else to 'mail' (examples: /usr/local/bin/mail, mail). SMARTDDEVICE is set to the device path (example: /dev/sda). SMARTDDEVICETYPE is set to the device type specified by '-d' directive or 'auto' if none. SMARTDDEVICESTRING is set to the device description. It starts with SMARTDDEVICE and may be fol‐ lowed by an optional controller identification (example: /dev/sda [SAT]). The string may contain a space and is NOT quoted. SMARTDDEVICEINFO is set to device identify information. It includes most of the info printed by smartctl -i but uses a brief single line format. This device info is also logged when smartd starts up. The string contains space characters and is NOT quoted. SMARTDFAILTYPE gives the reason for the warning or message email. The possible values that it takes and their meanings are: EmailTest: this is an email test message. Health: the SMART health status indicates imminent failure. Usage: a usage Attribute has failed. SelfTest: the number of self-test failures has increased. ErrorCount: the number of errors in the ATA error log has increased. CurrentPendingSector: one of more disk sectors could not be read and are marked to be reallocated (replaced with spare sectors). OfflineUncorrectableSector: during off-line testing, or self-testing, one or more disk sectors could not be read. Temperature: Temperature reached critical limit (see -W directive). FailedHealthCheck: the SMART health status command failed. FailedReadSmartData: the command to read SMART Attribute data failed. FailedReadSmartErrorLog: the command to read the SMART error log failed. FailedReadSmartSelfTestLog: the command to read the SMART self-test log failed. FailedOpenDevice: the open() command to the device failed. SMARTDADDRESS is determined by the address argument ADD of the '-m' Directive. If ADD is , then SMARTDADDRESS is not set. Otherwise, it is set to the comma-sepa‐ rated-list of email addresses given by the argument ADD, with the commas replaced by spaces (example:admin@example.com root). If more than one email address is given, then this string will contain space characters and is NOT quoted, so to use it in a shell script you may want to enclose it in double quotes. SMARTDMESSAGE is set to the one sentence summary warning email message string from smartd. This message string contains space characters and is NOT quoted. So to use $SMARTDMESSAGE in a shell script you should probably enclose it in double quotes. SMARTDFULLMESSAGE is set to the contents of the entire email warning message string from smartd. This message string contains space and return characters and is NOT quoted. So to use $SMARTDFULLMESSAGE in a shell script you should probably enclose it in double quotes. SMARTDTFIRST is a text string giving the time and date at which the first problem of this type was reported. This text string contains space characters and no newlines, and is NOT quoted. For example: Sun Feb 9 14:58:19 2003 CST SMARTDTFIRSTEPOCH is an integer, which is the unix epoch (number of seconds since Jan 1, 1970) for SMARTDTFIRST. SMARTDPREVCNT is an integer specifying the number of previous messages sent. It is set to '0' for the first message. SMARTDNEXTDAYS is an integer specifying the number of days until the next message will be sent. It it set to empty on '-M once' and set to '1' on '-M daily'. If the '-m ADD' Directive is given with a normal address argument, then the executable pointed to by PATH will be run in a shell with STDIN receiving the body of the email message, and with the same command-line arguments: -s \"$SMARTDSUBJECT\" $SMARTDADDRESS that would normally be provided to 'mail'. Examples include: -m user@home -M exec /usr/bin/mail -m admin@work -M exec /usr/local/bin/mailto -m root -M exec /Example1/shell/script/below If the '-m ADD' Directive is given with the special address argument then the executable pointed to by PATH is run in a shell with no STDIN and no command-line arguments, for example: -m -M exec /Example2/shell/script/below If the executable produces any STDERR/STDOUT output, then smartd assumes that some‐ thing is going wrong, and a snippet of that output will be copied to SYSLOG. The re‐ mainder of the output is then discarded. Some EXAMPLES of scripts that can be used with the '-M exec' Directive are given be‐ low. Some sample scripts are also included in /usr/share/doc/smartmontools/exam‐ ples//. The executable is run by the script /usr/share/smartmontools/smartdwarning.sh. This script formats subject and full message based on SMARTDMESSAGE and other environment variables set by smartd. The environment variables SMARTDSUBJECT and SMARTDFULLMES‐ SAGE are set by the script before running the executable." }, { "flag": "-f", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "than or equal to the threshold, it does NOT indicate imminent disk failure. It \"indi‐ cates an advisory condition where the usage or age of the device has exceeded its in‐ tended design life period.\" [Please see the smartctl -A command-line option.]" }, { "flag": "-p", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "last check. [Please see the smartctl -A command-line option.]" }, { "flag": "-u", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "check. [Please see the smartctl -A command-line option.]" }, { "flag": "-t", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "changes in all device Attributes (both Prefailure and Usage). [Please see the smartctl -A command-line option.]" }, { "flag": "-i", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "tributes. ID must be a decimal integer in the range from 1 to 255. This Directive modifies the behavior of the '-f' Directive and has no effect without it. This is useful, for example, if you have a very old disk and don't want to keep get‐ ting messages about the hours-on-lifetime Attribute (usually Attribute 9) failing. This Directive may appear multiple times for a single device, if you want to ignore multiple Attributes." }, { "flag": "-I", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "ID must be a decimal integer in the range from 1 to 255. This Directive modifies the behavior of the '-p', '-u', and '-t' tracking Directives and has no effect without one of them. This is useful, for example, if one of the device Attributes is the disk temperature (usually Attribute 194 or 231). It's annoying to get reports each time the tempera‐ ture changes. This Directive may appear multiple times for a single device, if you want to ignore multiple Attributes." }, { "flag": "-r", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "[ATA only] When tracking, report the Raw value of Attribute ID along with its (nor‐ mally reported) Normalized value. ID must be a decimal integer in the range from 1 to 255. This Directive modifies the behavior of the '-p', '-u', and '-t' tracking Direc‐ tives and has no effect without one of them. This Directive may be given multiple times. A common use of this Directive is to track the device Temperature (often ID=194 or 231). If the optional flag '!' is appended, a change of the Normalized value is considered critical. The report will be logged as LOGCRIT and a warning email will be sent if '-m' is specified." }, { "flag": "-R", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "[ATA only] When tracking, report whenever the Raw value of Attribute ID changes. (Normally smartd only tracks/reports changes of the Normalized Attribute values.) ID must be a decimal integer in the range from 1 to 255. This Directive modifies the be‐ havior of the '-p', '-u', and '-t' tracking Directives and has no effect without one of them. This Directive may be given multiple times. If this Directive is given, it automatically implies the '-r' Directive for the same Attribute, so that the Raw value of the Attribute is reported. A common use of this Directive is to track the device Temperature (often ID=194 or 231). It is also useful for understanding how different types of system behavior af‐ fects the values of certain Attributes. If the optional flag '!' is appended, a change of the Raw value is considered criti‐ cal. The report will be logged as LOGCRIT and a warning email will be sent if '-m' is specified. An example is '-R 5!' to warn when new sectors are reallocated." }, { "flag": "-C", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "[ATA only] Report if the current number of pending sectors is non-zero. Here ID is the id number of the Attribute whose raw value is the Current Pending Sector count. The allowed range of ID is 0 to 255 inclusive. To turn off this reporting, use ID = 0. If the -C ID option is not given, then it defaults to -C 197 (since Attribute 197 is generally used to monitor pending sectors). If the name of this Attribute is changed by a '-v 197,FORMAT,NAME' directive, the default is changed to -C 0. If '+' is specified, a report is only printed if the number of sectors has increased between two check cycles. Some disks do not reset this attribute when a bad sector is reallocated. See also '-v 197,increasing' below. The warning email counter is reset if the number of pending sectors dropped to 0. This typically happens when all pending sectors have been reallocated or could be read again. A pending sector is a disk sector (containing 512 bytes of your data) which the device would like to mark as \"bad\" and reallocate. Typically this is because your computer tried to read that sector, and the read failed because the data on it has been cor‐ rupted and has inconsistent Error Checking and Correction (ECC) codes. This is impor‐ tant to know, because it means that there is some unreadable data on the disk. The problem of figuring out what file this data belongs to is operating system and file system specific. You can typically force the sector to reallocate by writing to it (translation: make the device substitute a spare good sector for the bad one) but at the price of losing the 512 bytes of data stored there." }, { "flag": "-U", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "[ATA only] Report if the number of offline uncorrectable sectors is non-zero. Here ID is the id number of the Attribute whose raw value is the Offline Uncorrectable Sector count. The allowed range of ID is 0 to 255 inclusive. To turn off this reporting, use ID = 0. If the -U ID option is not given, then it defaults to -U 198 (since At‐ tribute 198 is generally used to monitor offline uncorrectable sectors). If the name of this Attribute is changed by a '-v 198,FORMAT,NAME' (except '-v 198,FORMAT,Off‐ lineScanUNCSectCt'), directive, the default is changed to -U 0. If '+' is specified, a report is only printed if the number of sectors has increased since the last check cycle. Some disks do not reset this attribute when a bad sector is reallocated. See also '-v 198,increasing' below. The warning email counter is reset if the number of offline uncorrectable sectors dropped to 0. This typically happens when all offline uncorrectable sectors have been reallocated or could be read again. An offline uncorrectable sector is a disk sector which was not readable during an off- line scan or a self-test. This is important to know, because if you have data stored in this disk sector, and you need to read it, the read will fail. Please see the pre‐ vious '-C' option for more details." }, { "flag": "-W", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "Report if the current temperature had changed by at least DIFF degrees since last re‐ port, or if new min or max temperature is detected. Report or Warn if the temperature is greater or equal than one of INFO or CRIT degrees Celsius. If the limit CRIT is reached, a message with loglevel 'LOGCRIT' will be logged to syslog and a warning email will be send if '-m' is specified. If only the limit INFO is reached, a message with loglevel 'LOGINFO' will be logged. The warning email counter is reset if the temperature dropped below INFO or CRIT-5 if INFO is not specified. If this directive is used in conjunction with state persistence ('-s' option), the min and max temperature values are preserved across boot cycles. The minimum temperature value is not updated during the first 30 minutes after startup. To disable any of the 3 reports, set the corresponding limit to 0. Trailing zero ar‐ guments may be omitted. By default, all temperature reports are disabled ('-W 0'). To track temperature changes of at least 2 degrees, use: -W 2 To log informal messages on temperatures of at least 40 degrees, use: -W 0,40 For warning messages/mails on temperatures of at least 45 degrees, use: -W 0,0,45 To combine all of the above reports, use: -W 2,40,45 For ATA devices, smartd interprets Attribute 194 or 190 as Temperature Celsius by de‐ fault. This can be changed to Attribute 9 or 220 by the drive database or by the '-v 9,temp' or '-v 220,temp' directive. For NVMe devices, smartd checks the maximum of the Composite Temperature value and all Temperature Sensor values reported by SMART/Health Information log." }, { "flag": "-F", "long": null, "arg": "TYPE", "description": "[ATA only] Modifies the behavior of smartd to compensate for some known and understood device firmware bug. This directive may be used multiple times. The valid arguments are: none - Assume that the device firmware obeys the ATA specifications. This is the de‐ fault, unless the device has presets for '-F' in the drive database. Using this di‐ rective will override any preset values. nologdir - Suppresses read attempts of SMART or GP Log Directory. Support for all standard logs is assumed without an actual check. Some Intel SSDs may freeze if log address 0 is read. samsung - In some Samsung disks (example: model SV4012H Firmware Version: RM100-08) some of the two- and four-byte quantities in the SMART data structures are byte- swapped (relative to the ATA specification). Enabling this option tells smartd to evaluate these quantities in byte-reversed order. Some signs that your disk needs this option are (1) no self-test log printed, even though you have run self-tests; (2) very large numbers of ATA errors reported in the ATA error log; (3) strange and impos‐ sible values for the ATA error log timestamps. samsung2 - In some Samsung disks the number of ATA errors reported is byte swapped. Enabling this option tells smartd to evaluate this quantity in byte-reversed order. samsung3 - Some Samsung disks (at least SP2514N with Firmware VF100-37) report a self- test still in progress with 0% remaining when the test was already completed. If this directive is specified, smartd will not skip the next scheduled self-test (see Direc‐ tive '-s' above) in this case. xerrorlba - This only affects smartctl. [Please see the smartctl -F command-line option.]" }, { "flag": "-v", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "[ATA only] Sets a vendor-specific raw value print FORMAT, an optional BYTEORDER and an optional NAME for Attribute ID. This directive may be used multiple times. Please see smartctl -v command-line option for further details. The following arguments affect smartd warning output: 197,increasing - Raw Attribute number 197 (Current Pending Sector Count) is not reset if uncorrectable sectors are reallocated. This sets '-C 197+' if no other '-C' direc‐ tive is specified. 198,increasing - Raw Attribute number 198 (Offline Uncorrectable Sector Count) is not reset if uncorrectable sectors are reallocated. This sets '-U 198+' if no other '-U' directive is specified." }, { "flag": "-P", "long": null, "arg": "TYPE", "description": "[ATA only] Specifies whether smartd should use any preset options that are available for this drive. The valid arguments to this Directive are: use - use any presets that are available for this drive. This is the default. ignore - do not use any presets for this drive. show - show the presets listed for this drive in the database. showall - show the presets that are available for all drives and then exit. [Please see the smartctl -P command-line option.]" }, { "flag": "-a", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "health status, '-f' to report failures of Usage (rather than Prefail) Attributes, '-t' to track changes in both Prefailure and Usage Attributes, '-l error' to report in‐ creases in the number of ATA errors, '-l selftest' to report increases in the number of Self-Test Log errors, '-l selfteststs' to report changes of Self-Test execution status, '-C 197' to report nonzero values of the current pending sector count, and '-U 198' to report nonzero values of the offline pending sector count. Note that -a is the default for ATA devices. If none of these other Directives is given, then -a is assumed. # Comment: ignore the remainder of the line. \\ Continuation character: if this is the last non-white or non-comment character on a line, then the following line is a continuation of the current one. If you are not sure which Directives to use, I suggest experimenting for a few minutes with smartctl to see what SMART functionality your disk(s) support(s). If you do not like volumi‐ nous syslog messages, a good choice of smartd configuration file Directives might be:" }, { "flag": "-f", "long": null, "arg": null, "description": "If you want more frequent information, use: -a." } ], "examples": [], "see_also": [ { "name": "smartd", "section": "8", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/smartd/8/json" }, { "name": "smartctl", "section": "8", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/smartctl/8/json" }, { "name": "mail", "section": "1", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/mail/1/json" }, { "name": "regex", "section": "7", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/regex/7/json" } ], "section_outline": [ { "name": "NAME", "lines": 3, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "DESCRIPTION", "lines": 184, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "DEFAULT SETTINGS", "lines": 22, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "CONFIGURATION FILE DIRECTIVES", "lines": 28, "subsections": [ { "name": "-d TYPE", "lines": 148, "flag": "-d", "arg": "TYPE" }, { "name": "-n POWERMODE[,N][,q]", "lines": 42, "flag": "-n" }, { "name": "-T TYPE", "lines": 11, "flag": "-T", "arg": "TYPE" }, { "name": "-o VALUE", "lines": 9, "flag": "-o", "arg": "VALUE" }, { "name": "-S VALUE", "lines": 4, "flag": "-S", "arg": "VALUE" }, { "name": "-H", "lines": 7, "flag": "-H" }, { "name": "-l TYPE", "lines": 50, "flag": "-l", "arg": "TYPE" }, { "name": "-e NAME[,VALUE]", "lines": 18, "flag": "-e" }, { "name": "-s REGEXP", "lines": 115, "flag": "-s", "arg": "REGEXP" }, { "name": "-m", "lines": 37, "flag": "-m" }, { "name": "-M TYPE", "lines": 154, "flag": "-M", "arg": "TYPE" }, { "name": "-f", "lines": 4, "flag": "-f" }, { "name": "-p", "lines": 2, "flag": "-p" }, { "name": "-u", "lines": 2, "flag": "-u" }, { "name": "-t", "lines": 3, "flag": "-t" }, { "name": "-i", "lines": 8, "flag": "-i" }, { "name": "-I", "lines": 9, "flag": "-I" }, { "name": "-r ID[!]", "lines": 13, "flag": "-r" }, { "name": "-R ID[!]", "lines": 17, "flag": "-R" }, { "name": "-C ID[+]", "lines": 25, "flag": "-C" }, { "name": "-U ID[+]", "lines": 21, "flag": "-U" }, { "name": "-W DIFF[,INFO[,CRIT]]", "lines": 33, "flag": "-W" }, { "name": "-F TYPE", "lines": 32, "flag": "-F", "arg": "TYPE" }, { "name": "-v ID,FORMAT[:BYTEORDER][,NAME]", "lines": 14, "flag": "-v" }, { "name": "-P TYPE", "lines": 13, "flag": "-P", "arg": "TYPE" }, { "name": "-a", "lines": 18, "flag": "-a" }, { "name": "-H -l -l -f", "lines": 3, "flag": "-f" }, { "name": "EXAMPLES OF SHELL SCRIPTS FOR '-M exec'", "lines": 51 } ] }, { "name": "FILES", "lines": 1, "subsections": [ { "name": "/etc/smartd.conf", "lines": 3 } ] }, { "name": "SEE ALSO", "lines": 3, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "PACKAGE VERSION", "lines": 6, "subsections": [] } ], "sections": { "NAME": { "content": "smartd.conf - SMART Disk Monitoring Daemon Configuration File\n\n", "subsections": [] }, "DESCRIPTION": { "content": "[This man page is generated for the Linux version of smartmontools. It does not contain info\nspecific to other platforms.]\n\n/etc/smartd.conf is the configuration file for the smartd daemon.\n\nIf the configuration file /etc/smartd.conf is present, smartd reads it at startup. If smartd\nsubsequently receives a HUP signal, it will then re-read the configuration file. If smartd\nis running in debug mode, then an INT signal will also make it re-read the configuration\nfile. This signal can be generated by typing in the terminal window where smartd\nis running.\n\nIn the absence of a configuration file smartd will try to open all available devices (see\nsmartd(8) man page). A configuration file with a single line 'DEVICESCAN -a' would have the\nsame effect.\n\nThis can be annoying if you have an ATA or SCSI device that hangs or misbehaves when receiv‐\ning SMART commands. Even if this causes no problems, you may be annoyed by the string of er‐\nror log messages about devices that can't be opened.\n\nOne can avoid this problem, and gain more control over the types of events monitored by\nsmartd, by using the configuration file /etc/smartd.conf. This file contains a list of de‐\nvices to monitor, with one device per line. An example file is included with the smartmon‐‐\ntools distribution. You will find this sample configuration file in /usr/share/doc/smartmon‐‐\ntools/. For security, the configuration file should not be writable by anyone but root. The\nsyntax of the file is as follows:\n\n• There should be one device listed per line, although you may have lines that are entirely\ncomments or white space.\n\n• Any text following a hash sign '#' and up to the end of the line is taken to be a com‐\nment, and ignored.\n\n• Lines may be continued by using a backslash '\\' as the last non-whitespace or non-comment\nitem on a line.\n\n• Note: a line whose first character is a hash sign '#' is treated as a white-space blank\nline, not as a non-existent line, and will end a continuation line.\n\nHere is an example configuration file. It's for illustrative purposes only; please don't\ncopy it onto your system without reading to the end of the DIRECTIVES Section below!\n\n################################################\n# This is an example smartd startup config file\n# /etc/smartd.conf\n#\n# On the second disk, start a long self-test every\n# Sunday between 3 and 4 am.\n#\n/dev/sda -a -m admin@example.com,root@localhost\n/dev/sdb -a -I 194 -I 5 -i 12 -s L/../../7/03\n#\n# Send a TEST warning email to admin on startup.\n#\n/dev/sdc -m admin@example.com -M test\n#\n# Strange device. It's SCSI. Start a scheduled\n# long self test between 5 and 6 am Monday/Thursday\n/dev/weird -d scsi -s L/../../(1|4)/05\n#\n# An ATA disk may appear as a SCSI device to the\n# OS. If a SCSI to ATA Translation (SAT) layer\n# is between the OS and the device then this can be\n# flagged with the '-d sat' option. This situation\n# may become common with SATA disks in SAS and FC\n# environments.\n/dev/sda -a -d sat\n#\n# Three disks connected to a MegaRAID controller\n# Start short self-tests daily between 1-2, 2-3, and\n# 3-4 am.\n/dev/sda -d megaraid,0 -a -s S/../.././01\n/dev/sda -d megaraid,1 -a -s S/../.././02\n/dev/sda -d megaraid,2 -a -s S/../.././03\n/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,2 -a -s S/../.././03\n#\n# Three disks connected to an AacRaid controller\n# Start short self-tests daily between 1-2, 2-3, and\n# 3-4 am.\n/dev/sda -d aacraid,0,0,66 -a -s S/../.././01\n/dev/sda -d aacraid,0,0,67 -a -s S/../.././02\n/dev/sda -d aacraid,0,0,68 -a -s S/../.././03\n#\n# Two SATA (not SAS) disks on a 3ware 9750 controller.\n# Start long self-tests Sundays between midnight and\n# 1 am and 2-3 am\n# under Linux\n/dev/twl0 -d 3ware,0 -a -s L/../../7/00\n/dev/twl0 -d 3ware,1 -a -s L/../../7/02\n#\n# Monitor 2 disks connected to the first HP SmartArray controller which\n# uses the cciss driver. Start long tests on Sunday nights and short\n# self-tests every night and send errors to root\n# /dev/sda -d cciss,0 -a -s (L/../../7/02|S/../.././02) -m root\n# /dev/sda -d cciss,1 -a -s (L/../../7/03|S/../.././03) -m root\n#\n# Three SATA disks on a HighPoint RocketRAID controller.\n# Start short self-tests daily between 1-2, 2-3, and\n# 3-4 am.\n# under Linux\n/dev/sde -d hpt,1/1 -a -s S/../.././01\n/dev/sde -d hpt,1/2 -a -s S/../.././02\n/dev/sde -d hpt,1/3 -a -s S/../.././03\n#\n# Two SATA disks connected to a HighPoint RocketRAID\n# via a pmport device. Start long self-tests Sundays\n# between midnight and 1 am and 2-3 am.\n# under Linux\n/dev/sde -d hpt,1/4/1 -a -s L/../../7/00\n/dev/sde -d hpt,1/4/2 -a -s L/../../7/02\n#\n# Three SATA disks connected to an Areca\n# RAID controller. Start long self-tests Sundays\n# between midnight and 3 am.\n# under Linux\n/dev/sg2 -d areca,1 -a -s L/../../7/00\n/dev/sg2 -d areca,2 -a -s L/../../7/01\n/dev/sg2 -d areca,3 -a -s L/../../7/02\n#\n# Two SATA disks on an Intelliprop controller.\n# Start short self-tests daily between 1-2, 2-3, and\n# 3-4 am.\n/dev/sde -d intelliprop,0+sat -a -s S/../.././01\n/dev/sde -d intelliprop,1+sat -a -s S/../.././02\n#\n# The following line enables monitoring of the\n# ATA Error Log and the Self-Test Error Log.\n# It also tracks changes in both Prefailure\n# and Usage Attributes, apart from Attributes\n# 9, 194, and 231, and shows continued lines:\n#\n/dev/sdd -l error \\\n-l selftest \\\n-t \\ # Attributes not tracked:\n-I 194 \\ # temperature\n-I 231 \\ # also temperature\n-I 9 # power-on hours\n#\n################################################\n\nIf a cciss controller is used then the corresponding block device (/dev/sd?) must be listed,\nalong with the ´-d cciss,N´ Directive (see below).\n\n\nDEVICESCAN\nIf a non-comment entry in the configuration file is the text string DEVICESCAN in cap‐\nital letters, then smartd will ignore any remaining lines in the configuration file,\nand will scan for devices. If DEVICESCAN is not followed by any Directives, then '-a'\nwill apply to all devices.\n\nDEVICESCAN may optionally be followed by Directives that will apply to all devices that are\nfound in the scan. For example\n\nDEVICESCAN -m root@example.com\n\nwill scan for all devices, and then monitor them. It will send one email warning per device\nfor any problems that are found.\n\nDEVICESCAN -H -m root@example.com\n\nwill do the same, but only monitors the SMART health status of the devices, rather than the\ndefault '-a'.\n\nMultiple '-d TYPE' options may be specified with DEVICESCAN to combine the scan results of\nmore than one TYPE.\n\nConfiguration entries for specific devices may precede the DEVICESCAN entry. For example\n\nDEFAULT -m root@example.com\n/dev/sda -s S/../.././02\n/dev/sdc -d ignore\nDEVICESCAN -s L/../.././02\n\nwill scan for all devices except /dev/sda and /dev/sdc, monitor them, and run a long test be‐\ntween 2–3 am every morning. Device /dev/sda will also be monitored, but only a short test\nwill be run. Device /dev/sdc will be ignored. Warning emails will be sent for all monitored\ndevices.\n\nA device is ignored by DEVICESCAN if a configuration line with the same device name exists.\n[NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTD FEATURE] Symbolic links are resolved before this check is done.\n\nA device name is also ignored if another device with same identify information (vendor,\nmodel, firmware version, serial number, WWN) already exists.\n\n", "subsections": [] }, "DEFAULT SETTINGS": { "content": "If an entry in the configuration file starts with DEFAULT instead of a device name, then all\ndirectives in this entry are set as defaults for the next device entries.\n\nThis configuration:\n\nDEFAULT -a -R5! -W 2,40,45 -I 194 -s L/../../7/00 -m admin@example.com\n/dev/sda\n/dev/sdb\n/dev/sdc\nDEFAULT -H -m admin@example.com\n/dev/sdd\n/dev/sde -d removable\n\nhas the same effect as:\n\n/dev/sda -a -R5! -W 2,40,45 -I 194 -s L/../../7/00 -m admin@example.com\n/dev/sdb -a -R5! -W 2,40,45 -I 194 -s L/../../7/00 -m admin@example.com\n/dev/sdc -a -R5! -W 2,40,45 -I 194 -s L/../../7/00 -m admin@example.com\n/dev/sdd -H -m admin@example.com\n/dev/sde -d removable -H -m admin@example.com\n\n", "subsections": [] }, "CONFIGURATION FILE DIRECTIVES": { "content": "The following are the Directives that may appear following the device name or DEVICESCAN or\nDEFAULT on any line of the /etc/smartd.conf configuration file. Note that these are NOT com‐‐\nmand-line options for smartd. The Directives below may appear in any order, following the\ndevice name.\n\nFor an ATA device, if no Directives appear, then the device will be monitored as if the '-a'\nDirective (monitor all SMART properties) had been given.\n\nIf a SCSI disk is listed, it will be monitored at the maximum implemented level: roughly\nequivalent to using the '-H -l selftest' options for an ATA disk. So with the exception of\n'-d', '-m', '-l selftest', '-s', and '-M', the Directives below are ignored for SCSI disks.\nFor SCSI disks, the '-m' Directive sends a warning email if the SMART status indicates a disk\nfailure or problem, if the SCSI inquiry about disk status fails, or if new errors appear in\nthe self-test log.\n\nIf a 3ware controller is used then the corresponding SCSI (/dev/sd?) or character device\n(/dev/twe?, /dev/twa?, /dev/twl? or /dev/tws?) must be listed, along with the '-d 3ware,N'\nDirective (see below). The individual ATA disks hosted by the 3ware controller appear to\nsmartd as normal ATA devices. Hence all the ATA directives can be used for these disks (but\nsee note below).\n\nIf an Areca controller is used then the corresponding device (SCSI /dev/sg? on Linux or\n/dev/arcmsr0 on FreeBSD) must be listed, along with the '-d areca,N' Directive (see below).\nThe individual SATA disks hosted by the Areca controller appear to smartd as normal ATA de‐\nvices. Hence all the ATA directives can be used for these disks. Areca firmware version\n1.46 or later which supports smartmontools must be used; Please see the smartctl(8) man page\nfor further details.\n", "subsections": [ { "name": "-d TYPE", "content": "Specifies the type of the device. The valid arguments to this directive are:\n\nauto - attempt to guess the device type from the device name or from controller type\ninfo provided by the operating system or from a matching USB ID entry in the drive\ndatabase. This is the default.\n\nata - the device type is ATA. This prevents smartd from issuing SCSI commands to an\nATA device.\n\nscsi - the device type is SCSI. This prevents smartd from issuing ATA commands to a\nSCSI device.\n\nnvme[,NSID] - the device type is NVM Express (NVMe). The optional parameter NSID\nspecifies the namespace id (in hex) passed to the driver. Use 0xffffffff for the\nbroadcast namespace id. The default for NSID is the namespace id addressed by the de‐\nvice name.\n\nsat[,auto][,N] - the device type is SCSI to ATA Translation (SAT). This is for ATA\ndisks that have a SCSI to ATA Translation Layer (SATL) between the disk and the oper‐\nating system. SAT defines two ATA PASS THROUGH SCSI commands, one 12 bytes long and\nthe other 16 bytes long. The default is the 16 byte variant which can be overridden\nwith either '-d sat,12' or '-d sat,16'.\n\nIf '-d sat,auto' is specified, device type SAT (for ATA/SATA disks) is only used if\nthe SCSI INQUIRY data reports a SATL (VENDOR: \"ATA \"). Otherwise device type SCSI\n(for SCSI/SAS disks) is used.\n\nusbcypress - this device type is for ATA disks that are behind a Cypress USB to PATA\nbridge. This will use the ATACB proprietary scsi pass through command. The default\nSCSI operation code is 0x24, but although it can be overridden with '-d usbcy‐\npress,0xN', where N is the scsi operation code, you're running the risk of damage to\nthe device or filesystems on it.\n\nusbjmicron[,p][,x][,PORT] - this device type is for SATA disks that are behind a JMi‐\ncron USB to PATA/SATA bridge. The 48-bit ATA commands (required e.g. for '-l xerror',\nsee below) do not work with all of these bridges and are therefore disabled by de‐\nfault. These commands can be enabled by '-d usbjmicron,x'. If two disks are con‐\nnected to a bridge with two ports, an error message is printed if no PORT is speci‐\nfied. The port can be specified by '-d usbjmicron[,x],PORT' where PORT is 0 (master)\nor 1 (slave). This is not necessary if the device uses a port multiplier to connect\nmultiple disks to one port. The disks appear under separate /dev/ice names then.\nCAUTION: Specifying ',x' for a device which does not support it results in I/O errors\nand may disconnect the drive. The same applies if the specified PORT does not exist\nor is not connected to a disk.\n\nThe Prolific PL2507/3507 USB bridges with older firmware support a pass-through com‐\nmand similar to JMicron and work with '-d usbjmicron,0'. Newer Prolific firmware re‐\nquires a modified command which can be selected by '-d usbjmicron,p'. Note that this\ndoes not yet support the SMART status command.\n\nusbprolific - this device type is for SATA disks that are behind a Prolific\nPL2571/2771/2773/2775 USB to SATA bridge.\n\nusbsunplus - this device type is for SATA disks that are behind a SunplusIT USB to\nSATA bridge.\n\nsntjmicron[,NSID] - this device type is for NVMe disks that are behind a JMicron USB\nto NVMe bridge. The optional parameter NSID specifies the namespace id (in hex)\npassed to the driver. The default namespace id is the broadcast namespace id\n(0xffffffff).\n\nsntrealtek - [NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTD FEATURE] this device type is for NVMe disks that\nare behind a Realtek USB to NVMe bridge.\n\nmarvell - [Linux only] interact with SATA disks behind Marvell chip-set controllers\n(using the Marvell rather than libata driver).\n\nmegaraid,N - [Linux only] the device consists of one or more SCSI/SAS disks connected\nto a MegaRAID controller. The non-negative integer N (in the range of 0 to 127 inclu‐\nsive) denotes which disk on the controller is monitored. This interface will also\nwork for Dell PERC controllers. In log files and email messages this disk will be\nidentified as megaraiddiskXXX with XXX in the range from 000 to 127 inclusive. It\nis possible to set RAID device name as /dev/bus/N, where N is a SCSI bus number.\nPlease see the smartctl(8) man page for further details.\n\naacraid,H,L,ID - [Linux, Windows and Cygwin only] the device consists of one or more\nSCSI/SAS or SATA disks connected to an AacRaid controller. The non-negative integers\nH,L,ID (Host number, Lun, ID) denote which disk on the controller is monitored. In\nlog files and email messages this disk will be identified as aacraiddiskHHLLID.\nPlease see the smartctl(8) man page for further details.\n\n3ware,N - [FreeBSD and Linux only] the device consists of one or more ATA disks con‐\nnected to a 3ware RAID controller. The non-negative integer N (in the range from 0 to\n127 inclusive) denotes which disk on the controller is monitored. In log files and\nemail messages this disk will be identified as 3warediskXXX with XXX in the range\nfrom 000 to 127 inclusive.\n\nNote that while you may use any of the 3ware SCSI logical devices /dev/tw* to address\nany of the physical disks (3ware ports), error and log messages will make the most\nsense if you always list the 3ware SCSI logical device corresponding to the particular\nphysical disks. Please see the smartctl(8) man page for further details.\n\nareca,N - [FreeBSD, Linux, Windows and Cygwin only] the device consists of one or more\nSATA disks connected to an Areca SATA RAID controller. The positive integer N (in the\nrange from 1 to 24 inclusive) denotes which disk on the controller is monitored. In\nlog files and email messages this disk will be identified as arecadiskXX with XX in\nthe range from 01 to 24 inclusive. Please see the smartctl(8) man page for further\ndetails.\n\nareca,N/E - [FreeBSD, Linux, Windows and Cygwin only] the device consists of one or\nmore SATA or SAS disks connected to an Areca SAS RAID controller. The integer N\n(range 1 to 128) denotes the channel (slot) and E (range 1 to 8) denotes the enclo‐\nsure. Important: This requires Areca SAS controller firmware version 1.51 or later.\n\ncciss,N - [FreeBSD and Linux only] the device consists of one or more SCSI/SAS or SATA\ndisks connected to a cciss RAID controller. The non-negative integer N (in the range\nfrom 0 to 15 inclusive) denotes which disk on the controller is monitored. In log\nfiles and email messages this disk will be identified as ccissdiskXX with XX in the\nrange from 00 to 15 inclusive. Please see the smartctl(8) man page for further de‐\ntails.\n\nhpt,L/M/N - [FreeBSD and Linux only] the device consists of one or more ATA disks con‐\nnected to a HighPoint RocketRAID controller. The integer L is the controller id, the\ninteger M is the channel number, and the integer N is the PMPort number if it is\navailable. The allowed values of L are from 1 to 4 inclusive, M are from 1 to 128 in‐\nclusive and N from 1 to 4 if PMPort available. And also these values are limited by\nthe model of the HighPoint RocketRAID controller. In log files and email messages\nthis disk will be identified as hptX/X/X and X/X/X is the same as L/M/N, note if no N\nindicated, N set to the default value 1. Please see the smartctl(8) man page for fur‐\nther details.\n\nintelliprop,N[+TYPE] - the device consists of multiple ATA disks connected to an In‐\ntelliprop controller. The integer N is the port number from 0 to 3 of the ATA drive\nto be targeted. Please see the smartctl(8) man page for further details.\n\njmb39x[-q],N[,sLBA][,force][+TYPE] - [NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTD FEATURE] the device con‐\nsists of multiple SATA disks connected to a JMicron JMB39x RAID port multiplier. The\nsuffix '-q' selects a slightly different command variant used by some QNAP NAS de‐\nvices. The integer N is the port number from 0 to 4. Please see the smartctl(8) man\npage for further details.\n\njms56x,N[,sLBA][,force][+TYPE] - [NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTD FEATURE] the device consists\nof multiple SATA disks connected to a JMicron JMS56x USB to SATA RAID bridge. See\n'jmb39x...' above for valid arguments.\n\nignore - the device specified by this configuration entry should be ignored. This al‐\nlows to ignore specific devices which are detected by a following DEVICESCAN configu‐\nration line. It may also be used to temporary disable longer multi-line configuration\nentries. This Directive may be used in conjunction with the other '-d' Directives.\n\nremovable - the device or its media is removable. This indicates to smartd that it\nshould continue (instead of exiting, which is the default behavior) if the device does\nnot appear to be present when smartd is started. This directive also suppresses warn‐\ning emails and repeated log messages if the device is removed after startup. This Di‐\nrective may be used in conjunction with the other '-d' Directives.\nWARNING: Removing a device and connecting a different one to same interface is not\nsupported and may result in bogus warnings until smartd is restarted.\n", "flag": "-d", "arg": "TYPE" }, { "name": "-n POWERMODE[,N][,q]", "content": "[ATA only] This 'nocheck' Directive is used to prevent a disk from being spun-up when\nit is periodically polled by smartd.\n\nATA disks have five different power states. In order of increasing power consumption\nthey are: 'OFF', 'SLEEP', 'STANDBY', 'IDLE', and 'ACTIVE'. Typically in the OFF,\nSLEEP, and STANDBY modes the disk's platters are not spinning. But usually, in re‐\nsponse to SMART commands issued by smartd, the disk platters are spun up. So if this\noption is not used, then a disk which is in a low-power mode may be spun up and put\ninto a higher-power mode when it is periodically polled by smartd.\n\nNote that if the disk is in SLEEP mode when smartd is started, then it won't respond\nto smartd commands, and so the disk won't be registered as a device for smartd to mon‐\nitor. If a disk is in any other low-power mode, then the commands issued by smartd to\nregister the disk will probably cause it to spin-up.\n\nThe '-n' (nocheck) Directive specifies if smartd's periodic checks should still be\ncarried out when the device is in a low-power mode. It may be used to prevent a disk\nfrom being spun-up by periodic smartd polling. The allowed values of POWERMODE are:\n\nnever - smartd will poll (check) the device regardless of its power mode. This may\ncause a disk which is spun-down to be spun-up when smartd checks it. This is the de‐\nfault behavior if the '-n' Directive is not given.\n\nsleep - check the device unless it is in SLEEP mode.\n\nstandby - check the device unless it is in SLEEP or STANDBY mode. In these modes most\ndisks are not spinning, so if you want to prevent a laptop disk from spinning up each\ntime that smartd polls, this is probably what you want.\n\nidle - check the device unless it is in SLEEP, STANDBY or IDLE mode. In the IDLE\nstate, most disks are still spinning, so this is probably not what you want.\n\nMaximum number of skipped checks (in a row) can be specified by appending positive\nnumber ',N' to POWERMODE (like '-n standby,15'). After N checks are skipped in a row,\npowermode is ignored and the check is performed anyway.\n\nWhen a periodic test is skipped, smartd normally writes an informal log message. The\nmessage can be suppressed by appending the option ',q' to POWERMODE (like '-n\nstandby,q'). This prevents a laptop disk from spinning up due to this message.\n\nBoth ',N' and ',q' can be specified together.\n", "flag": "-n" }, { "name": "-T TYPE", "content": "Specifies how tolerant smartd should be of SMART command failures. The valid argu‐\nments to this Directive are:\n\nnormal - do not try to monitor the disk if a mandatory SMART command fails, but con‐\ntinue if an optional SMART command fails. This is the default.\n\npermissive - try to monitor the disk even if it appears to lack SMART capabilities.\nThis may be required for some old disks (prior to ATA-3 revision 4) that implemented\nSMART before the SMART standards were incorporated into the ATA/ATAPI Specifications.\n[Please see the smartctl -T command-line option.]\n", "flag": "-T", "arg": "TYPE" }, { "name": "-o VALUE", "content": "[ATA only] Enables or disables SMART Automatic Offline Testing when smartd starts up\nand has no further effect. The valid arguments to this Directive are on and off.\n\nThe delay between tests is vendor-specific, but is typically four hours.\n\nNote that SMART Automatic Offline Testing is not part of the ATA Specification.\nPlease see the smartctl -o command-line option documentation for further information\nabout this feature.\n", "flag": "-o", "arg": "VALUE" }, { "name": "-S VALUE", "content": "Enables or disables Attribute Autosave when smartd starts up and has no further ef‐\nfect. The valid arguments to this Directive are on and off. Also affects SCSI de‐\nvices. [Please see the smartctl -S command-line option.]\n", "flag": "-S", "arg": "VALUE" }, { "name": "-H", "content": "this command reports a failing health status, then disk failure is predicted in less\nthan 24 hours, and a message at loglevel 'LOGCRIT' will be logged to syslog. [Please\nsee the smartctl -H command-line option.]\n\n[NVMe] Checks the \"Critical Warning\" byte from the SMART/Health Information log. If\nany warning bit is set, a message at loglevel 'LOGCRIT' will be logged to syslog.\n", "flag": "-H" }, { "name": "-l TYPE", "content": "Reports increases in the number of errors in one of three SMART logs. The valid argu‐\nments to this Directive are:\n\nerror - [ATA] report if the number of ATA errors reported in the Summary SMART error\nlog has increased since the last check.\n\nerror - [NVMe] report if the \"Number of Error Information Log Entries\" from the\nSMART/Health Information log has increased since the last check.\n\nxerror - [ATA] report if the number of ATA errors reported in the Extended Comprehen‐\nsive SMART error log has increased since the last check.\n\nIf both '-l error' and '-l xerror' are specified, smartd checks the maximum of both\nvalues.\n\n[Please see the smartctl -l xerror command-line option.]\n\nxerror - [NVMe] same as '-l error'.\n\nselftest - report if the number of failed tests reported in the SMART Self-Test Log\nhas increased since the last check, or if the timestamp associated with the most re‐\ncent failed test has increased. Note that such errors will only be logged if you run\nself-tests on the disk (and it fails a test!). Self-Tests can be run automatically by\nsmartd: please see the '-s' Directive below. Self-Tests can also be run manually by\nusing the '-t short' and '-t long' options of smartctl and the results of the testing\ncan be observed using the smartctl '-l selftest' command-line option. [Please see the\nsmartctl -l and -t command-line options.]\n\n[ATA only] Failed self-tests outdated by a newer successful extended self-test are ig‐\nnored. The warning email counter is reset if the number of failed self tests dropped\nto 0. This typically happens when an extended self-test is run after all bad sectors\nhave been reallocated.\n\nofflinests[,ns] - [ATA only] report if the Offline Data Collection status has changed\nsince the last check. The report will be logged as LOGCRIT if the new status indi‐\ncates an error. With some drives the status often changes, therefore '-l offlinests'\nis not enabled by '-a' Directive. Appending ',ns' (no standby) to this directive is\nnot implemented on Linux.\n\nselfteststs[,ns] - [ATA only] report if the Self-Test execution status has changed\nsince the last check. The report will be logged as LOGCRIT if the new status indi‐\ncates an error. Appending ',ns' (no standby) to this directive is not implemented on\nLinux.\n\nscterc,READTIME,WRITETIME - [ATA only] sets the SCT Error Recovery Control settings to\nthe specified values (deciseconds) when smartd starts up and has no further effect.\nValues of 0 disable the feature, other values less than 65 are probably not supported.\nFor RAID configurations, this is typically set to 70,70 deciseconds. [Please see the\nsmartctl -l scterc command-line option.]\n", "flag": "-l", "arg": "TYPE" }, { "name": "-e NAME[,VALUE]", "content": "Sets non-SMART device settings when smartd starts up and has no further effect.\n[Please see the smartctl --set command-line option.] Valid arguments are:\n\naam,[N|off] - [ATA only] Sets the Automatic Acoustic Management (AAM) feature.\n\napm,[N|off] - [ATA only] Sets the Advanced Power Management (APM) feature.\n\nlookahead,[on|off] - [ATA only] Sets the read look-ahead feature.\n\nsecurity-freeze - [ATA only] Sets ATA Security feature to frozen mode.\n\nstandby,[N|off] - [ATA only] Sets the standby (spindown) timer and places the drive in\nthe IDLE mode.\n\nwcache,[on|off] - [ATA only] Sets the volatile write cache feature.\n\ndsn,[on|off] - [ATA only] Sets the DSN feature.\n", "flag": "-e" }, { "name": "-s REGEXP", "content": "Run Self-Tests or Offline Immediate Tests, at scheduled times. A Self- or Offline Im‐\nmediate Test will be run at the end of periodic device polling, if all 12 characters\nof the string T/MM/DD/d/HH match the extended regular expression REGEXP. Here:\n\nT is the type of the test. The values that smartd will try to match (in turn) are:\n'L' for a Long Self-Test, 'S' for a Short Self-Test, 'C' for a Conveyance Self-\nTest (ATA only), and 'O' for an Offline Immediate Test (ATA only). As soon as a\nmatch is found, the test will be started and no additional matches will be sought\nfor that device and that polling cycle.\n\nTo run scheduled Selective Self-Tests, use 'n' for next span, 'r' to redo last\nspan, or 'c' to continue with next span or redo last span based on status of last\ntest. The LBA range is based on the first span from the last test. See the\nsmartctl -t select,[next|redo|cont] options for further info.\n\nSome disks (e.g. WD) do not preserve the selective self test log across power cy‐\ncles. If state persistence ('-s' option) is enabled, the last test span is pre‐\nserved by smartd and used if (and only if) the selective self test log is empty.\n\nMM is the month of the year, expressed with two decimal digits. The range is from 01\n(January) to 12 (December) inclusive. Do not use a single decimal digit or the\nmatch will always fail!\n\nDD is the day of the month, expressed with two decimal digits. The range is from 01\nto 31 inclusive. Do not use a single decimal digit or the match will always fail!\n\nd is the day of the week, expressed with one decimal digit. The range is from 1\n(Monday) to 7 (Sunday) inclusive.\n\nHH is the hour of the day, written with two decimal digits, and given in hours after\nmidnight. The range is 00 (midnight to just before 1 am) to 23 (11pm to just be‐\nfore midnight) inclusive. Do not use a single decimal digit or the match will al‐\nways fail!\n\n[NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTD FEATURE] If the regular expression contains substrings of the\nform :NNN or :NNN-LLL, where NNN and LLL are three decimal digits, staggered tests are\nenabled. Then a test will also be run if all 16 (or 20) characters of the string\nT/MM/DD/d/HH:NNN (or T/MM/DD/d/HH:NNN-LLL) match the regular expression. This check\nis done for up to seven :NNN or :NNN-LLL found in the regular expression. The time\nused for the check is adjusted to the past such that tests of the first drive are not\ndelayed, tests of the second drive are delayed by NNN hours, tests of the third drive\nare delayed by 2*NNN hours, and so on.\nIf LLL is also specified, delays are limited to LLL hours by calculating each individ‐\nual delay as:\n'((DRIVEINDEX * NNN) mod (LLL + 1))'.\n\nSome examples follow. In reading these, keep in mind that in extended regular expres‐\nsions a dot '.' matches any single character, and a parenthetical expression such as\n'(A|B|C)' denotes any one of the three possibilities A, B, or C.\n\nTo schedule a short Self-Test between 2–3 am every morning, use:\n-s S/../.././02\nTo schedule a long Self-Test between 4–5 am every Sunday morning, use:\n-s L/../../7/04\nTo enable staggered tests with delays in three hour steps, use:\n-s L/../../7/04:003\nTo enable staggered tests with delays 0, 3, 6, 9, 1, 4, 7, 10, 2, 5, 8, 0, ... hours,\nuse:\n-s L/../../7/04:003-010\nTo enable staggered tests with delays 0, 1, 2, ..., 9, 10, 0, ... hours, use:\n-s L/../../7/04:001-010\nTo schedule a long Self-Test between 10–11 pm on the first and fifteenth day of each\nmonth, use:\n-s L/../(01|15)/./22\nTo schedule an Offline Immediate test after every midnight, 6 am, noon, and 6 pm, plus\na Short Self-Test daily at 1–2 am and a Long Self-Test every Saturday at 3–4 am, use:\n-s (O/../.././(00|06|12|18)|S/../.././01|L/../../6/03)\nTo enable staggered Long Self-Tests with delays in three hour steps, use:\n-s (O/../.././(00|06|12|18)|S/../.././01|L/../../6/03:003)\nIf Long Self-Tests of a large disks take longer than the system uptime, a full disk\ntest can be performed by several Selective Self-Tests. To setup a full test of a 1 TB\ndisk within 20 days (one 50 GB span each day), run this command once:\nsmartctl -t select,0-99999999 /dev/sda\nTo run the next test spans on Monday–Friday between 12–13 am, run smartd with this di‐\nrective:\n-s n/../../[1-5]/12\n\nScheduled tests are run immediately following the regularly-scheduled device polling,\nif the current local date, time, and test type, match REGEXP. By default the regu‐\nlarly-scheduled device polling occurs every thirty minutes after starting smartd.\nTake caution if you use the '-i' option to make this polling interval more than sixty\nminutes: the poll times may fail to coincide with any of the testing times that you\nhave specified with REGEXP. In this case the test will be run following the next de‐\nvice polling.\n\nBefore running an offline or self-test, smartd checks to be sure that a self-test is\nnot already running. If a self-test is already running, then this running self test\nwill not be interrupted to begin another test.\n\nsmartd will not attempt to run any type of test if another test was already started or\nrun in the same hour.\n\nTo avoid performance problems during system boot, smartd will not attempt to run any\nscheduled tests following the very first device polling (unless '-q onecheck' is spec‐\nified).\n\nEach time a test is run, smartd will log an entry to SYSLOG. You can use these or the\n'-q showtests' command-line option to verify that you constructed REGEXP correctly.\nThe matching order (L before S before C before O) ensures that if multiple test types\nare all scheduled for the same hour, the longer test type has precedence. This is\nusually the desired behavior.\n\nIf the scheduled tests are used in conjunction with state persistence ('-s' option),\nsmartd will also try to match the hours since last shutdown (or 90 days at most). If\nany test would have been started during downtime, the longest (see above) of these\ntests is run after second device polling.\n\nIf the '-n' directive is used and any test would have been started during disk standby\ntime, the longest of these tests is run when the disk is active again.\n\nUnix users: please beware that the rules for extended regular expressions [regex(7)]\nare not the same as the rules for file-name pattern matching by the shell [glob(7)].\nsmartd will issue harmless informational warning messages if it detects characters in\nREGEXP that appear to indicate that you have made this mistake.\n", "flag": "-s", "arg": "REGEXP" }, { "name": "-m", "content": "'-l selftest', '-f', '-C', '-U', or '-W' Directives detect a failure or a new error,\nor if a SMART command to the disk fails. This Directive only works in conjunction\nwith these other Directives (or with the equivalent default '-a' Directive).\n\nTo prevent your email in-box from getting filled up with warning messages, by default\nonly a single warning and (depending on '-s' option) daily reminder emails will be\nsent for each of the enabled alert types. See the '-M' Directive below for details.\n\nTo send email to more than one user, please use the following \"comma separated\" form\nfor the address: user1@add1,user2@add2,...,userN@addN (with no spaces).\n\nTo test that email is being sent correctly, use the '-M test' Directive described be‐\nlow to send one test email message on smartd startup.\n\nBy default, email is sent using the system mail(1) command. In order that smartd find\nthis command (normally /usr/bin/mail) the executable must be in the path of the shell\nor environment from which smartd was started. If you wish to specify an explicit path\nto the mail executable (for example /usr/local/bin/mail) or a custom script to run,\nplease use the '-M exec' Directive below.\n\nNote also that there is a special argument which can be given to the '-m'\nDirective in conjunction with the '-M exec' Directive. Please see below for an expla‐\nnation of its effect.\n\nIf the mailer or the shell running it produces any STDERR/STDOUT output, then a snip‐\npet of that output will be copied to SYSLOG. The remainder of the output is dis‐\ncarded. If problems are encountered in sending mail, this should help you to under‐\nstand and fix them. If you have mail problems, we recommend running smartd in debug\nmode with the '-d' flag, using the '-M test' Directive described below.\n\nIf a word of the comma separated list has the form '@plugin', a custom script\n/etc/smartmontools/smartdwarning.d/plugin is run and the word is removed from the\nlist before sending mail. The string 'plugin' may be any valid name except 'ALL'. If\n'@ALL' is specified, all scripts in /etc/smartmontools/smartdwarning.d/* are run in‐\nstead. This is handled by the script /usr/share/smartmontools/smartdwarning.sh (see\nalso '-M exec' below).\n", "flag": "-m" }, { "name": "-M TYPE", "content": "These Directives modify the behavior of the smartd email warnings enabled with the\n'-m' email Directive described above. These '-M' Directives only work in conjunction\nwith the '-m' Directive and can not be used without it.\n\nMultiple -M Directives may be given. If more than one of the following three -M Di‐\nrectives are given (example: -M once -M daily) then the final one (in the example, -M\ndaily) is used.\n\nThe valid arguments to the -M Directive are (one of the following three):\n\nonce - send only one warning email for each type of disk problem detected. This is\nthe default unless state persistence ('-s' option) is enabled.\n\ndaily - send additional warning reminder emails, once per day, for each type of disk\nproblem detected. This is the default if state persistence ('-s' option) is enabled.\n\ndiminishing - send additional warning reminder emails, after a one-day interval, then\na two-day interval, then a four-day interval, and so on for each type of disk problem\ndetected. Each interval is twice as long as the previous interval.\n\nIf a disk problem is no longer detected, the internal email counter is reset. If the\nproblem reappears a new warning email is sent immediately.\n\nIn addition, one may add zero or more of the following Directives:\n\ntest - send a single test email immediately upon smartd startup. This allows one to\nverify that email is delivered correctly. Note that if this Directive is used, smartd\nwill also send the normal email warnings that were enabled with the '-m' Directive, in\naddition to the single test email!\n\nexec PATH - run the executable PATH instead of the default mail command, when smartd\nneeds to send email. PATH must point to an executable binary file or script.\n\nBy setting PATH to point to a customized script, you can make smartd perform useful\ntricks when a disk problem is detected (beeping the console, shutting down the ma‐\nchine, broadcasting warnings to all logged-in users, etc.) But please be careful.\nsmartd will block until the executable PATH returns, so if your executable hangs, then\nsmartd will also hang. Some sample scripts are included in /usr/share/doc/smartmon‐\ntools/examples//.\n\nThe exit status of the executable is recorded by smartd in SYSLOG. The executable is\nnot expected to write to STDOUT or STDERR. If it does, then this is interpreted as\nindicating that something is going wrong with your executable, and a fragment of this\noutput is logged to SYSLOG to help you to understand the problem. Normally, if you\nwish to leave some record behind, the executable should send mail or write to a file\nor device.\n\nBefore running the executable, smartd sets a number of environment variables. These\nenvironment variables may be used to control the executable's behavior. The environ‐\nment variables exported by smartd are:\n\nSMARTDMAILER\nis set to the argument of -M exec, if present or else to 'mail' (examples:\n/usr/local/bin/mail, mail).\n\nSMARTDDEVICE\nis set to the device path (example: /dev/sda).\n\nSMARTDDEVICETYPE\nis set to the device type specified by '-d' directive or 'auto' if none.\n\nSMARTDDEVICESTRING\nis set to the device description. It starts with SMARTDDEVICE and may be fol‐\nlowed by an optional controller identification (example: /dev/sda [SAT]). The\nstring may contain a space and is NOT quoted.\n\nSMARTDDEVICEINFO\nis set to device identify information. It includes most of the info printed by\nsmartctl -i but uses a brief single line format. This device info is also logged\nwhen smartd starts up. The string contains space characters and is NOT quoted.\n\nSMARTDFAILTYPE\ngives the reason for the warning or message email. The possible values that it\ntakes and their meanings are:\nEmailTest: this is an email test message.\nHealth: the SMART health status indicates imminent failure.\nUsage: a usage Attribute has failed.\nSelfTest: the number of self-test failures has increased.\nErrorCount: the number of errors in the ATA error log has increased.\nCurrentPendingSector: one of more disk sectors could not be read and are marked to\nbe reallocated (replaced with spare sectors).\nOfflineUncorrectableSector: during off-line testing, or self-testing, one or more\ndisk sectors could not be read.\nTemperature: Temperature reached critical limit (see -W directive).\nFailedHealthCheck: the SMART health status command failed.\nFailedReadSmartData: the command to read SMART Attribute data failed.\nFailedReadSmartErrorLog: the command to read the SMART error log failed.\nFailedReadSmartSelfTestLog: the command to read the SMART self-test log failed.\nFailedOpenDevice: the open() command to the device failed.\n\nSMARTDADDRESS\nis determined by the address argument ADD of the '-m' Directive. If ADD is , then SMARTDADDRESS is not set. Otherwise, it is set to the comma-sepa‐\nrated-list of email addresses given by the argument ADD, with the commas replaced\nby spaces (example:admin@example.com root). If more than one email address is\ngiven, then this string will contain space characters and is NOT quoted, so to use\nit in a shell script you may want to enclose it in double quotes.\n\nSMARTDMESSAGE\nis set to the one sentence summary warning email message string from smartd. This\nmessage string contains space characters and is NOT quoted. So to use\n$SMARTDMESSAGE in a shell script you should probably enclose it in double quotes.\n\nSMARTDFULLMESSAGE\nis set to the contents of the entire email warning message string from smartd.\nThis message string contains space and return characters and is NOT quoted. So to\nuse $SMARTDFULLMESSAGE in a shell script you should probably enclose it in double\nquotes.\n\nSMARTDTFIRST\nis a text string giving the time and date at which the first problem of this type\nwas reported. This text string contains space characters and no newlines, and is\nNOT quoted. For example:\nSun Feb 9 14:58:19 2003 CST\n\nSMARTDTFIRSTEPOCH\nis an integer, which is the unix epoch (number of seconds since Jan 1, 1970) for\nSMARTDTFIRST.\n\nSMARTDPREVCNT\nis an integer specifying the number of previous messages sent. It is set to '0'\nfor the first message.\n\nSMARTDNEXTDAYS\nis an integer specifying the number of days until the next message will be sent.\nIt it set to empty on '-M once' and set to '1' on '-M daily'.\n\nIf the '-m ADD' Directive is given with a normal address argument, then the executable\npointed to by PATH will be run in a shell with STDIN receiving the body of the email\nmessage, and with the same command-line arguments:\n-s \"$SMARTDSUBJECT\" $SMARTDADDRESS\nthat would normally be provided to 'mail'. Examples include:\n-m user@home -M exec /usr/bin/mail\n-m admin@work -M exec /usr/local/bin/mailto\n-m root -M exec /Example1/shell/script/below\n\nIf the '-m ADD' Directive is given with the special address argument then\nthe executable pointed to by PATH is run in a shell with no STDIN and no command-line\narguments, for example:\n-m -M exec /Example2/shell/script/below\n\nIf the executable produces any STDERR/STDOUT output, then smartd assumes that some‐\nthing is going wrong, and a snippet of that output will be copied to SYSLOG. The re‐\nmainder of the output is then discarded.\n\nSome EXAMPLES of scripts that can be used with the '-M exec' Directive are given be‐\nlow. Some sample scripts are also included in /usr/share/doc/smartmontools/exam‐\nples//.\n\nThe executable is run by the script /usr/share/smartmontools/smartdwarning.sh. This\nscript formats subject and full message based on SMARTDMESSAGE and other environment\nvariables set by smartd. The environment variables SMARTDSUBJECT and SMARTDFULLMES‐\nSAGE are set by the script before running the executable.\n", "flag": "-M", "arg": "TYPE" }, { "name": "-f", "content": "than or equal to the threshold, it does NOT indicate imminent disk failure. It \"indi‐\ncates an advisory condition where the usage or age of the device has exceeded its in‐\ntended design life period.\" [Please see the smartctl -A command-line option.]\n", "flag": "-f" }, { "name": "-p", "content": "last check. [Please see the smartctl -A command-line option.]\n", "flag": "-p" }, { "name": "-u", "content": "check. [Please see the smartctl -A command-line option.]\n", "flag": "-u" }, { "name": "-t", "content": "changes in all device Attributes (both Prefailure and Usage). [Please see the\nsmartctl -A command-line option.]\n", "flag": "-t" }, { "name": "-i", "content": "tributes. ID must be a decimal integer in the range from 1 to 255. This Directive\nmodifies the behavior of the '-f' Directive and has no effect without it.\n\nThis is useful, for example, if you have a very old disk and don't want to keep get‐\nting messages about the hours-on-lifetime Attribute (usually Attribute 9) failing.\nThis Directive may appear multiple times for a single device, if you want to ignore\nmultiple Attributes.\n", "flag": "-i" }, { "name": "-I", "content": "ID must be a decimal integer in the range from 1 to 255. This Directive modifies the\nbehavior of the '-p', '-u', and '-t' tracking Directives and has no effect without one\nof them.\n\nThis is useful, for example, if one of the device Attributes is the disk temperature\n(usually Attribute 194 or 231). It's annoying to get reports each time the tempera‐\nture changes. This Directive may appear multiple times for a single device, if you\nwant to ignore multiple Attributes.\n", "flag": "-I" }, { "name": "-r ID[!]", "content": "[ATA only] When tracking, report the Raw value of Attribute ID along with its (nor‐\nmally reported) Normalized value. ID must be a decimal integer in the range from 1 to\n255. This Directive modifies the behavior of the '-p', '-u', and '-t' tracking Direc‐\ntives and has no effect without one of them. This Directive may be given multiple\ntimes.\n\nA common use of this Directive is to track the device Temperature (often ID=194 or\n231).\n\nIf the optional flag '!' is appended, a change of the Normalized value is considered\ncritical. The report will be logged as LOGCRIT and a warning email will be sent if\n'-m' is specified.\n", "flag": "-r" }, { "name": "-R ID[!]", "content": "[ATA only] When tracking, report whenever the Raw value of Attribute ID changes.\n(Normally smartd only tracks/reports changes of the Normalized Attribute values.) ID\nmust be a decimal integer in the range from 1 to 255. This Directive modifies the be‐\nhavior of the '-p', '-u', and '-t' tracking Directives and has no effect without one\nof them. This Directive may be given multiple times.\n\nIf this Directive is given, it automatically implies the '-r' Directive for the same\nAttribute, so that the Raw value of the Attribute is reported.\n\nA common use of this Directive is to track the device Temperature (often ID=194 or\n231). It is also useful for understanding how different types of system behavior af‐\nfects the values of certain Attributes.\n\nIf the optional flag '!' is appended, a change of the Raw value is considered criti‐\ncal. The report will be logged as LOGCRIT and a warning email will be sent if '-m'\nis specified. An example is '-R 5!' to warn when new sectors are reallocated.\n", "flag": "-R" }, { "name": "-C ID[+]", "content": "[ATA only] Report if the current number of pending sectors is non-zero. Here ID is\nthe id number of the Attribute whose raw value is the Current Pending Sector count.\nThe allowed range of ID is 0 to 255 inclusive. To turn off this reporting, use\nID = 0. If the -C ID option is not given, then it defaults to -C 197 (since Attribute\n197 is generally used to monitor pending sectors). If the name of this Attribute is\nchanged by a '-v 197,FORMAT,NAME' directive, the default is changed to -C 0.\n\nIf '+' is specified, a report is only printed if the number of sectors has increased\nbetween two check cycles. Some disks do not reset this attribute when a bad sector is\nreallocated. See also '-v 197,increasing' below.\n\nThe warning email counter is reset if the number of pending sectors dropped to 0.\nThis typically happens when all pending sectors have been reallocated or could be read\nagain.\n\nA pending sector is a disk sector (containing 512 bytes of your data) which the device\nwould like to mark as \"bad\" and reallocate. Typically this is because your computer\ntried to read that sector, and the read failed because the data on it has been cor‐\nrupted and has inconsistent Error Checking and Correction (ECC) codes. This is impor‐\ntant to know, because it means that there is some unreadable data on the disk. The\nproblem of figuring out what file this data belongs to is operating system and file\nsystem specific. You can typically force the sector to reallocate by writing to it\n(translation: make the device substitute a spare good sector for the bad one) but at\nthe price of losing the 512 bytes of data stored there.\n", "flag": "-C" }, { "name": "-U ID[+]", "content": "[ATA only] Report if the number of offline uncorrectable sectors is non-zero. Here ID\nis the id number of the Attribute whose raw value is the Offline Uncorrectable Sector\ncount. The allowed range of ID is 0 to 255 inclusive. To turn off this reporting,\nuse ID = 0. If the -U ID option is not given, then it defaults to -U 198 (since At‐\ntribute 198 is generally used to monitor offline uncorrectable sectors). If the name\nof this Attribute is changed by a '-v 198,FORMAT,NAME' (except '-v 198,FORMAT,Off‐\nlineScanUNCSectCt'), directive, the default is changed to -U 0.\n\nIf '+' is specified, a report is only printed if the number of sectors has increased\nsince the last check cycle. Some disks do not reset this attribute when a bad sector\nis reallocated. See also '-v 198,increasing' below.\n\nThe warning email counter is reset if the number of offline uncorrectable sectors\ndropped to 0. This typically happens when all offline uncorrectable sectors have been\nreallocated or could be read again.\n\nAn offline uncorrectable sector is a disk sector which was not readable during an off-\nline scan or a self-test. This is important to know, because if you have data stored\nin this disk sector, and you need to read it, the read will fail. Please see the pre‐\nvious '-C' option for more details.\n", "flag": "-U" }, { "name": "-W DIFF[,INFO[,CRIT]]", "content": "Report if the current temperature had changed by at least DIFF degrees since last re‐\nport, or if new min or max temperature is detected. Report or Warn if the temperature\nis greater or equal than one of INFO or CRIT degrees Celsius. If the limit CRIT is\nreached, a message with loglevel 'LOGCRIT' will be logged to syslog and a warning\nemail will be send if '-m' is specified. If only the limit INFO is reached, a message\nwith loglevel 'LOGINFO' will be logged.\n\nThe warning email counter is reset if the temperature dropped below INFO or CRIT-5 if\nINFO is not specified.\n\nIf this directive is used in conjunction with state persistence ('-s' option), the min\nand max temperature values are preserved across boot cycles. The minimum temperature\nvalue is not updated during the first 30 minutes after startup.\n\nTo disable any of the 3 reports, set the corresponding limit to 0. Trailing zero ar‐\nguments may be omitted. By default, all temperature reports are disabled ('-W 0').\n\nTo track temperature changes of at least 2 degrees, use:\n-W 2\nTo log informal messages on temperatures of at least 40 degrees, use:\n-W 0,40\nFor warning messages/mails on temperatures of at least 45 degrees, use:\n-W 0,0,45\nTo combine all of the above reports, use:\n-W 2,40,45\n\nFor ATA devices, smartd interprets Attribute 194 or 190 as Temperature Celsius by de‐\nfault. This can be changed to Attribute 9 or 220 by the drive database or by the '-v\n9,temp' or '-v 220,temp' directive.\n\nFor NVMe devices, smartd checks the maximum of the Composite Temperature value and all\nTemperature Sensor values reported by SMART/Health Information log.\n", "flag": "-W" }, { "name": "-F TYPE", "content": "[ATA only] Modifies the behavior of smartd to compensate for some known and understood\ndevice firmware bug. This directive may be used multiple times. The valid arguments\nare:\n\nnone - Assume that the device firmware obeys the ATA specifications. This is the de‐\nfault, unless the device has presets for '-F' in the drive database. Using this di‐\nrective will override any preset values.\n\nnologdir - Suppresses read attempts of SMART or GP Log Directory. Support for all\nstandard logs is assumed without an actual check. Some Intel SSDs may freeze if log\naddress 0 is read.\n\nsamsung - In some Samsung disks (example: model SV4012H Firmware Version: RM100-08)\nsome of the two- and four-byte quantities in the SMART data structures are byte-\nswapped (relative to the ATA specification). Enabling this option tells smartd to\nevaluate these quantities in byte-reversed order. Some signs that your disk needs\nthis option are (1) no self-test log printed, even though you have run self-tests; (2)\nvery large numbers of ATA errors reported in the ATA error log; (3) strange and impos‐\nsible values for the ATA error log timestamps.\n\nsamsung2 - In some Samsung disks the number of ATA errors reported is byte swapped.\nEnabling this option tells smartd to evaluate this quantity in byte-reversed order.\n\nsamsung3 - Some Samsung disks (at least SP2514N with Firmware VF100-37) report a self-\ntest still in progress with 0% remaining when the test was already completed. If this\ndirective is specified, smartd will not skip the next scheduled self-test (see Direc‐\ntive '-s' above) in this case.\n\nxerrorlba - This only affects smartctl.\n\n[Please see the smartctl -F command-line option.]\n", "flag": "-F", "arg": "TYPE" }, { "name": "-v ID,FORMAT[:BYTEORDER][,NAME]", "content": "[ATA only] Sets a vendor-specific raw value print FORMAT, an optional BYTEORDER and an\noptional NAME for Attribute ID. This directive may be used multiple times. Please\nsee smartctl -v command-line option for further details.\n\nThe following arguments affect smartd warning output:\n\n197,increasing - Raw Attribute number 197 (Current Pending Sector Count) is not reset\nif uncorrectable sectors are reallocated. This sets '-C 197+' if no other '-C' direc‐\ntive is specified.\n\n198,increasing - Raw Attribute number 198 (Offline Uncorrectable Sector Count) is not\nreset if uncorrectable sectors are reallocated. This sets '-U 198+' if no other '-U'\ndirective is specified.\n", "flag": "-v" }, { "name": "-P TYPE", "content": "[ATA only] Specifies whether smartd should use any preset options that are available\nfor this drive. The valid arguments to this Directive are:\n\nuse - use any presets that are available for this drive. This is the default.\n\nignore - do not use any presets for this drive.\n\nshow - show the presets listed for this drive in the database.\n\nshowall - show the presets that are available for all drives and then exit.\n\n[Please see the smartctl -P command-line option.]\n", "flag": "-P", "arg": "TYPE" }, { "name": "-a", "content": "health status, '-f' to report failures of Usage (rather than Prefail) Attributes, '-t'\nto track changes in both Prefailure and Usage Attributes, '-l error' to report in‐\ncreases in the number of ATA errors, '-l selftest' to report increases in the number\nof Self-Test Log errors, '-l selfteststs' to report changes of Self-Test execution\nstatus, '-C 197' to report nonzero values of the current pending sector count, and '-U\n198' to report nonzero values of the offline pending sector count.\n\nNote that -a is the default for ATA devices. If none of these other Directives is\ngiven, then -a is assumed.\n\n# Comment: ignore the remainder of the line.\n\n\\ Continuation character: if this is the last non-white or non-comment character on a\nline, then the following line is a continuation of the current one.\n\nIf you are not sure which Directives to use, I suggest experimenting for a few minutes with\nsmartctl to see what SMART functionality your disk(s) support(s). If you do not like volumi‐\nnous syslog messages, a good choice of smartd configuration file Directives might be:", "flag": "-a" }, { "name": "-H -l -l -f", "content": "If you want more frequent information, use: -a.\n\n", "flag": "-f" }, { "name": "EXAMPLES OF SHELL SCRIPTS FOR '-M exec'", "content": "These are two examples of shell scripts that can be used with the '-M exec PATH' Di‐\nrective described previously. The paths to these scripts and similar executables is\nthe PATH argument to the '-M exec PATH' Directive.\n\nExample 1: This script is for use with '-m ADDRESS -M exec PATH'. It appends the out‐\nput of smartctl -a to the output of the smartd email warning message and sends it to\nADDRESS.\n\n#! /bin/sh\n\n# Save the email message (STDIN) to a file:\ncat > /root/msg\n\n# Append the output of smartctl -a to the message:\n/usr/sbin/smartctl -a -d $SMARTDEVICETYPE \\\n$SMARTDDEVICE >> /root/msg\n\n# Now email the message to the user at address ADD:\n/usr/bin/mail -s \"$SMARTDSUBJECT\" $SMARTDADDRESS \\\n< /root/msg\n\nExample 2: This script is for use with '-m -M exec PATH'. It warns all\nusers about a disk problem, waits 30 seconds, and then powers down the machine.\n\n#! /bin/sh\n\n# Warn all users of a problem\nwall <