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            "text": "# SCREEN (man)\n\n**Summary:** screen - screen manager with VT100/ANSI terminal emulation\n\n**Synopsis:** screen [ -options ] [ cmd [ args ] ]\nscreen -r [[pid.]tty[.host]]\nscreen -r sessionowner/[[pid.]tty[.host]]\n\n## Section Outline\n\n- **NAME** (4 lines)\n- **SYNOPSIS** (6 lines)\n- **DESCRIPTION** (56 lines)\n- **GETTING STARTED** (22 lines)\n- **COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS** (2 lines) — 40 subsections\n  - -a (2 lines)\n  - -A (3 lines)\n  - -c (2 lines)\n  - -d -D (5 lines)\n  - -d -r (1 lines)\n  - -d -R (1 lines)\n  - -d -RR (2 lines)\n  - -D -r (1 lines)\n  - -D -R (3 lines)\n  - -D -RR (3 lines)\n  - -e (8 lines)\n  - -f -fn -fa (3 lines)\n  - -h (2 lines)\n  - -i (3 lines)\n  - -l -ln (3 lines)\n  - -ls (1 lines)\n  - -list (10 lines)\n  - -L (1 lines)\n  - -Logfile (3 lines)\n  - -m (3 lines)\n  - -d -m (2 lines)\n  - -D -m (2 lines)\n  - -O (3 lines)\n  - -p (6 lines)\n  - -q (6 lines)\n  - -Q (14 lines)\n  - -r (1 lines)\n  - -r (6 lines)\n  - -R (8 lines)\n  - -s (4 lines)\n  - -S (5 lines)\n  - -t (3 lines)\n  - -T (3 lines)\n  - -U (3 lines)\n  - -v (1 lines)\n  - -wipe (5 lines)\n  - -x (3 lines)\n  - -X -S (5 lines)\n  - -4 (1 lines)\n  - -6 (1 lines)\n- **DEFAULT KEY BINDINGS** (10 lines) — 52 subsections\n  - C-a '              (select) (12 lines)\n  - C-a tab            (focus) (3 lines)\n  - C-a C-a            (other) (9 lines)\n  - C-a a              (meta) (3 lines)\n  - C-a A              (title) (3 lines)\n  - C-a b,             (break) (1 lines)\n  - C-a C-b (5 lines)\n  - C-a c,             (screen) (3 lines)\n  - C-a C              (clear) (1 lines)\n  - C-a d,             (detach) (4 lines)\n  - C-a f,             (flow) (2 lines)\n  - C-a F              (fit) (2 lines)\n  - C-a C-g            (vbell) (2 lines)\n  - C-a h              (hardcopy) (3 lines)\n  - C-a H              (log) (3 lines)\n  - C-a i,             (info) (2 lines)\n  - C-a k,             (kill) (1 lines)\n  - C-a C-k (1 lines)\n  - C-a l,             (redisplay) (2 lines)\n  - C-a L              (login) (4 lines)\n  - C-a m,             (lastmsg) (3 lines)\n  - C-a M              (monitor) (2 lines)\n  - C-a space,         (next) (1 lines)\n  - C-a C-n (1 lines)\n  - C-a N              (number) (3 lines)\n  - C-a backspace,     (prev) (2 lines)\n  - C-a C-p (2 lines)\n  - C-a q,             (xon) (2 lines)\n  - C-a Q              (only) (4 lines)\n  - C-a r,             (wrap) (5 lines)\n  - C-a s,             (xoff) (2 lines)\n  - C-a S              (split) (4 lines)\n  - C-a t,             (time) (1 lines)\n  - C-a C-t (1 lines)\n  - C-a v              (version) (2 lines)\n  - C-a C-v            (digraph) (1 lines)\n  - C-a w,             (windows) (1 lines)\n  - C-a C-w (1 lines)\n  - C-a W              (width) (3 lines)\n  - C-a X              (remove) (3 lines)\n  - C-a z,             (suspend) (3 lines)\n  - C-a Z              (reset) (3 lines)\n  - C-a .              (dumptermcap) (2 lines)\n  - C-a ?              (help) (1 lines)\n  - C-a \\              (quit) (2 lines)\n  - C-a :              (colon) (1 lines)\n  - C-a [,             (copy) (15 lines)\n  - C-a >              (writebuf) (2 lines)\n  - C-a <              (readbuf) (3 lines)\n  - C-a =              (removebuf) (2 lines)\n  - C-a ,              (license) (3 lines)\n  - C-a ___              (silence) (13 lines)\n- **CUSTOMIZATION** (101 lines) — 99 subsections\n  - allpartial [ on | off ] (6 lines)\n  - altscreen [ on | off ] (54 lines)\n  - autodetach [ on | off ] (4 lines)\n  - autonuke [ on | off ] (21 lines)\n  - bce [ on | off ] (118 lines)\n  - blanker (29 lines)\n  - bumpleft (2 lines)\n  - bumpright (2 lines)\n  - c1 [ on | off ] (45 lines)\n  - cjkwidth [ on | off ] (2 lines)\n  - clear (2 lines)\n  - collapse (18 lines)\n  - compacthist [ on | off ] (3 lines)\n  - console [ on | off ] (4 lines)\n  - copy (7 lines)\n  - left arrow (2 lines)\n  - down arrow (2 lines)\n  - up arrow (2 lines)\n  - right arrow (1 lines)\n  - 0 (zero) (129 lines)\n  - crlf [ on | off ] (4 lines)\n  - debug [ on | off ] (5 lines)\n  - defc1 [ on | off ] (3 lines)\n  - defautonuke [ on | off ] (4 lines)\n  - defbce [ on | off ] (17 lines)\n  - defdynamictitle [ on | off ] (10 lines)\n  - defflow [ on | off | auto [ interrupt ]] (2 lines)\n  - -fa -i (1 lines)\n  - defgr [ on | off ] (17 lines)\n  - deflog [ on | off ] (3 lines)\n  - deflogin [ on | off ] (8 lines)\n  - defmonitor [ on | off] (3 lines)\n  - defmousetrack [ on | off ] (23 lines)\n  - defsilence [ on | off ] (8 lines)\n  - defutf8 [ on | off ] (3 lines)\n  - defwrap [ on | off ] (4 lines)\n  - defwritelock [ on | off | auto ] (10 lines)\n  - dinfo (3 lines)\n  - displays (86 lines)\n  - dumptermcap (6 lines)\n  - dynamictitle [ on | off ] (100 lines)\n  - fit (3 lines)\n  - flow [ on | off | auto] (5 lines)\n  - focus [ next | prev | up | down | left | right | top | botto (41 lines)\n  - gr [ on | off ] (28 lines)\n  - hardstatus [ on | off ] (1 lines)\n  - hardstatus [ always ] firstline | lastline | message | ignor (1 lines)\n  - hardstatus string [ string ] (36 lines)\n  - history (20 lines)\n  - ignorecase [ on | off ] (3 lines)\n  - info (39 lines)\n  - kill (10 lines)\n  - lastmsg (19 lines)\n  - layout next (2 lines)\n  - layout prev (8 lines)\n  - layout show (33 lines)\n  - layout autosave [ on | off] (20 lines)\n  - license (3 lines)\n  - lockscreen (11 lines)\n  - log [ on | off ] (15 lines)\n  - login [ on | off ] (12 lines)\n  - logtstamp string (9 lines)\n  - mapdefault (3 lines)\n  - mapnotnext (25 lines)\n  - meta (2 lines)\n  - monitor [ on | off ] (5 lines)\n  - mousetrack [ on | off ] (15 lines)\n  - multiuser [ on | off ] (4 lines)\n  - nethack [ on | off ] (7 lines)\n  - next (3 lines)\n  - nonblock [ on | off | numsecs ] (21 lines)\n  - only (2 lines)\n  - other (3 lines)\n  - partial [ on | off ] (28 lines)\n  - pastefont [ on | off ] (19 lines)\n  - prev (19 lines)\n  - quit (23 lines)\n  - redisplay (7 lines)\n  - remove (2 lines)\n  - removebuf (2 lines)\n  - rendition [ bell | monitor | silence | so ] attr [ color ] (5 lines)\n  - reset (111 lines)\n  - setsid [ on | off ] (19 lines)\n  - silence [ on | off | sec ] (25 lines)\n  - sort (39 lines)\n  - status [ top | up | down | bottom ] [ left | right ] (20 lines)\n  - suspend (95 lines)\n  - unbindall (8 lines)\n  - utf8 [ on | off [ on | off ]] (6 lines)\n  - vbell [ on | off ] (18 lines)\n  - verbose [ on | off ] (4 lines)\n  - version (14 lines)\n  - windowlist [ -b ] [ -m ] [ -g ] (67 lines)\n  - windows [ string ] (12 lines)\n  - wrap [ on | off ] (13 lines)\n  - writelock [ on | off | auto] (7 lines)\n  - xoff (1 lines)\n  - xon (2 lines)\n  - zmodem [ off | auto | catch | pass ] (40 lines)\n- **THE MESSAGE LINE** (18 lines)\n- **WINDOW TYPES** (87 lines)\n- **STRING ESCAPES** (134 lines)\n- **FLOW-CONTROL** (39 lines) — 1 subsections\n  - TITLES (naming windows) (92 lines)\n- **THE VIRTUAL TERMINAL** (318 lines)\n- **INPUT TRANSLATION** (99 lines)\n- **SPECIAL TERMINAL CAPABILITIES** (6 lines) — 21 subsections\n  - LP   _(bool) (2 lines)\n  - Z0   _(str) (1 lines)\n  - Z1   _(str) (1 lines)\n  - WS   _(str) (2 lines)\n  - NF   _(bool) (2 lines)\n  - G0   _(bool) (1 lines)\n  - S0   _(str) (1 lines)\n  - E0   _(str) (1 lines)\n  - C0   _(str) (2 lines)\n  - CS   _(str) (1 lines)\n  - CE   _(str) (1 lines)\n  - AN   _(bool) (1 lines)\n  - OL   _(num) (1 lines)\n  - KJ   _(str) (2 lines)\n  - AF   _(str) (2 lines)\n  - AB   _(str) (1 lines)\n  - AX   _(bool) (1 lines)\n  - XC   _(str) (2 lines)\n  - XT   _(bool) (1 lines)\n  - C8   _(bool) (1 lines)\n  - TF   _(bool) (1 lines)\n- **CHARACTER TRANSLATION** (45 lines)\n- **ENVIRONMENT** (17 lines)\n- **FILES** (20 lines)\n- **AUTHORS** (5 lines)\n- **COPYLEFT** (30 lines)\n- **CONTRIBUTORS** (33 lines)\n- **AVAILABILITY** (5 lines)\n- **BUGS** (43 lines)\n- **SEE ALSO** (1 lines) — 1 subsections\n  - termcap(5), utmp(5), vi(1), captoinfo(1), tic(1), tty(4), pt (1 lines)\n\n## Full Content\n\n### NAME\n\nscreen - screen manager with VT100/ANSI terminal emulation\n\n### SYNOPSIS\n\nscreen [ -options ] [ cmd [ args ] ]\nscreen -r [[pid.]tty[.host]]\nscreen -r sessionowner/[[pid.]tty[.host]]\n\n### DESCRIPTION\n\nScreen  is  a full-screen window manager that multiplexes a physical terminal between several\nprocesses (typically interactive shells).  Each virtual terminal provides the functions of  a\nDEC  VT100  terminal  and, in addition, several control functions from the ISO 6429 (ECMA 48,\nANSI X3.64) and ISO 2022 standards (e.g. insert/delete line and support for multiple  charac‐\nter  sets).   There  is a scrollback history buffer for each virtual terminal and a copy-and-\npaste mechanism that allows moving text regions between windows.\n\nWhen screen is called, it creates a single window with a shell in it (or the  specified  com‐\nmand)  and  then  gets out of your way so that you can use the program as you normally would.\nThen, at any time, you can create new (full-screen) windows with other programs in them  (in‐\ncluding  more  shells), kill existing windows, view a list of windows, turn output logging on\nand off, copy-and-paste text between windows, view the  scrollback  history,  switch  between\nwindows  in whatever manner you wish, etc. All windows run their programs completely indepen‐\ndent of each other. Programs continue to run when their window is currently not  visible  and\neven when the whole screen session is detached from the user's terminal.  When a program ter‐\nminates, screen (per default) kills the window that contained it.  If this window was in  the\nforeground,  the  display  switches  to  the previous window; if none are left, screen exits.\nShells usually distinguish between running as login-shell or sub-shell.  Screen runs them  as\nsub-shells, unless told otherwise (See shell .screenrc command).\n\nEverything you type is sent to the program running in the current window.  The only exception\nto this is the one keystroke that is used to initiate a command to the  window  manager.   By\ndefault,  each command begins with a control-a (abbreviated C-a from now on), and is followed\nby one other keystroke.  The command character and all the key bindings can be fully  custom‐\nized to be anything you like, though they are always two characters in length.\n\nScreen  does  not understand the prefix C- to mean control, although this notation is used in\nthis manual for readability.  Please use the caret notation (^A instead of C-a) as  arguments\nto  e.g.  the escape command or the -e option.  Screen will also print out control characters\nin caret notation.\n\nThe standard way to create a new window is to type C-a c.  This creates a new window  running\na  shell and switches to that window immediately, regardless of the state of the process run‐\nning in the current window.  Similarly, you can create a new window with a custom command  in\nit  by  first binding the command to a keystroke (in your .screenrc file or at the C-a : com‐\nmand line) and then using it just like the C-a c command.  In addition, new  windows  can  be\ncreated by running a command like:\n\nscreen emacs prog.c\n\nfrom  a  shell  prompt within a previously created window.  This will not run another copy of\nscreen, but will instead supply the command name and its  arguments  to  the  window  manager\n(specified  in  the $STY environment variable) who will use it to create the new window.  The\nabove example would start the emacs editor (editing prog.c) and switch to its window. -  Note\nthat  you  cannot  transport environment variables from the invoking shell to the application\n(emacs in this case), because it is forked from the parent screen process, not from  the  in‐\nvoking shell.\n\nIf  /run/utmp  is  writable by screen, an appropriate record will be written to this file for\neach window, and removed when the window is terminated.  This  is  useful  for  working  with\ntalk,  script, shutdown, rsend, sccs and other similar programs that use the utmp file to de‐\ntermine who you are. As long as screen is active on your terminal, the terminal's own  record\nis removed from the utmp file. See also C-a L.\n\n### GETTING STARTED\n\nBefore you begin to use screen you'll need to make sure you have correctly selected your ter‐\nminal type, just as you would for any other termcap/terminfo program.  (You can  do  this  by\nusing test for example.)\n\nIf  you're impatient and want to get started without doing a lot more reading, you should re‐\nmember this one command:  C-a ?.  Typing these two characters will  display  a  list  of  the\navailable  screen commands and their bindings. Each keystroke is discussed in the section DE‐\nFAULT KEY BINDINGS. The  manual  section  CUSTOMIZATION  deals  with  the  contents  of  your\n.screenrc.\n\nIf  your  terminal  is a true auto-margin terminal (it doesn't allow the last position on the\nscreen to be updated without scrolling the screen) consider using a version  of  your  termi‐\nnal's termcap that has automatic margins turned off. This will ensure an accurate and optimal\nupdate of the screen in all circumstances. Most terminals nowadays have magic margins  (auto‐\nmatic margins plus usable last column). This is the VT100 style type and perfectly suited for\nscreen.  If all you've got is a true auto-margin terminal screen will be content to  use  it,\nbut  updating  a character put into the last position on the screen may not be possible until\nthe screen scrolls or the character is moved into a safe position in some other way. This de‐\nlay can be shortened by using a terminal with insert-character capability.\n\n### COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS\n\nScreen has the following command-line options:\n\n#### -a\n\nscreen must redraw parts of the display in order to implement a function.\n\n#### -A\n\ntries  to restore its old window sizes when attaching to resizable terminals (those with\nWS in its description, e.g. suncmd or some xterm).\n\n#### -c\n\noverride the default configuration file from $HOME/.screenrc to file.\n\n#### -d -D\n\ndoes not start screen, but detaches the elsewhere running screen  session.  It  has  the\nsame  effect as typing C-a d from screen's controlling terminal. -D is the equivalent to\nthe power detach key.  If no session can be detached, this option is ignored. In  combi‐\nnation with the -r/-R option more powerful effects can be achieved:\n\n#### -d -r\n\n#### -d -R\n\n#### -d -RR\n\nmore than one session is available.\n\n#### -D -r\n\n#### -D -R\n\nnecessary  detach and logout remotely first.  If it was not running create it and no‐\ntify the user. This is the author's favorite.\n\n#### -D -RR\n\nNote: It is always a good idea to check the status of your sessions by means  of  screen\n-list.\n\n#### -e\n\nspecifies  the  command character to be x and the character generating a literal command\ncharacter to y (when typed after the command character).  The default is  C-a  and  `a',\nwhich  can  be specified as -e^Aa.  When creating a screen session, this option sets the\ndefault command character. In a multiuser session all users added will  start  off  with\nthis  command  character.  But when attaching to an already running session, this option\nchanges only the command character of the attaching user.  This option is equivalent  to\neither the commands defescape or escape respectively.\n\n#### -f -fn -fa\n\nturns  flow-control  on,  off,  or  automatic  switching mode.  This can also be defined\nthrough the defflow .screenrc command.\n\n#### -h\n\nSpecifies the history scrollback buffer to be num lines high.\n\n#### -i\n\nflow-control is on.  See the defflow .screenrc command for details.  The use of this op‐\ntion is discouraged.\n\n#### -l -ln\n\nturns login mode on or off (for /run/utmp updating).  This can also be  defined  through\nthe deflogin .screenrc command.\n\n#### -ls\n\n#### -list\n\ndoes not start screen, but prints a list of pid.tty.host strings and creation timestamps\nidentifying your screen sessions.  Sessions marked `detached' can be resumed with screen\n-r.  Those marked `attached' are running and have a controlling terminal. If the session\nruns in multiuser mode, it is marked `multi'. Sessions marked  as  `unreachable'  either\nlive on a different host or are `dead'.  An unreachable session is considered dead, when\nits name matches either the name of the local host, or the specified parameter, if  any.\nSee  the  -r flag for a description how to construct matches.  Sessions marked as `dead'\nshould be thoroughly checked and removed.  Ask your system administrator if you are  not\nsure. Remove sessions with the -wipe option.\n\n#### -L\n\n#### -Logfile\n\nBy  default  logfile name is screenlog.0. You can set new logfile name with the -Logfile\noption.\n\n#### -m\n\nsession is enforced, regardless whether screen is called from within another screen ses‐\nsion or not. This flag has a special meaning in connection with the `-d' option:\n\n#### -d -m\n\nThis is useful for system startup scripts.\n\n#### -D -m\n\nexits if the session terminates.\n\n#### -O\n\naffects  auto-margin terminals without `LP').  This can also be set in your .screenrc by\nspecifying `OP' in a termcap command.\n\n#### -p\n\nPreselect a window. This is useful when you want to reattach to a specific window or you\nwant  to  send a command via the -X option to a specific window. As with screen's select\ncommand, - selects the blank window. As a special case for reattach,  =  brings  up  the\nwindowlist on the blank window, while a + will create a new window. The command will not\nbe executed if the specified window could not be found.\n\n#### -q\n\nlows:  9  indicates  a directory without sessions. 10 indicates a directory with running\nbut not attachable sessions. 11 (or more) indicates 1 (or  more)  usable  sessions.   In\ncombination  with -r the exit value is as follows: 10 indicates that there is no session\nto resume. 12 (or more) indicates that there are 2 (or more) sessions to resume and  you\nshould specify which one to choose.  In all other cases -q has no effect.\n\n#### -Q\n\nwindows. The commands will send the response to the stdout of the querying  process.  If\nthere  was  an error in the command, then the querying process will exit with a non-zero\nstatus.\n\nThe commands that can be queried now are:\necho\ninfo\nlastmsg\nnumber\nselect\ntime\ntitle\nwindows\n\n#### -r\n\n#### -r\n\nresumes a detached screen session.  No other options (except  combinations  with  -d/-D)\nmay  be  specified, though an optional prefix of [pid.]tty.host may be needed to distin‐\nguish between multiple detached screen sessions.  The second form is used to connect  to\nanother  user's  screen session which runs in multiuser mode. This indicates that screen\nshould look for sessions in another user's directory. This requires setuid-root.\n\n#### -R\n\nscreen  is  detached.  Otherwise  lists  available sessions.  -RR attempts to resume the\nyoungest (in terms of creation time) detached screen session it finds.   If  successful,\nall other command-line options are ignored.  If no detached session exists, starts a new\nsession using the specified options, just as if -R had not been specified. The option is\nset  by  default  if  screen  is run as a login-shell (actually screen uses -xRR in that\ncase).  For combinations with the -d/-D option see there.  Note: Time-based session  se‐\nlection is a Debian addition.\n\n#### -s\n\nsets the default shell to the program specified, instead of the value in the environment\nvariable $SHELL (or /bin/sh if not defined).  This can also be defined through the shell\n.screenrc command.  See also there.\n\n#### -S\n\nWhen  creating  a  new session, this option can be used to specify a meaningful name for\nthe session. This name identifies the session for screen -list and screen -r actions. It\nsubstitutes  the  default [tty.host] suffix. This name should not be longer then 80 sym‐\nbols.\n\n#### -t\n\nsets the title (a.k.a.) for the default  shell  or  specified  program.   See  also  the\nshelltitle .screenrc command.\n\n#### -T\n\nSet  the  $TERM  environment variable using the specified term as opposed to the default\nsetting of screen.\n\n#### -U\n\nstands  UTF-8  encoded  characters. It also sets the default encoding for new windows to\n`utf8'.\n\n#### -v\n\n#### -wipe\n\ndoes the same as screen -ls, but removes destroyed sessions instead of marking  them  as\n`dead'.   An  unreachable  session  is considered dead, when its name matches either the\nname of the local host, or the explicitly given parameter, if any.  See the -r flag  for\na description how to construct matches.\n\n#### -x\n\nfrom within itself.  But when cascading multiple screens, loops are not  detected;  take\ncare.\n\n#### -X -S\n\nspecify the screen session if you have several screen sessions running. You can use  the\n-d  or  -r  option to tell screen to look only for attached or detached screen sessions.\nNote that this command doesn't work if the session is password protected.\n\n#### -4\n\n#### -6\n\n### DEFAULT KEY BINDINGS\n\nAs mentioned, each screen command consists of a C-a followed by  one  other  character.   For\nyour  convenience,  all commands that are bound to lower-case letters are also bound to their\ncontrol character counterparts (with the exception of C-a a; see below), thus, C-a c as  well\nas C-a C-c can be used to create a window. See section CUSTOMIZATION for a description of the\ncommand.\n\nThe following table shows the default key bindings. The trailing commas in boxes with  multi‐\nple keystroke entries are separators, not part of the bindings.\n\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a '              (select)\n\nor number to switch to.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a \"              (windowlist -b)   Present  a  list  of  all\nwindows for selection.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a digit          (select 0-9)      Switch to window number 0\n- 9\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a -              (select -)        Switch to window number 0\n- 9, or to the blank win‐\ndow.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a tab            (focus)\n\nthe   next  region.   See\nalso split, remove, only.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a C-a            (other)\n\nplayed  previously.  Note\nthat  this  binding   de‐\nfaults   to  the  command\ncharacter  typed   twice,\nunless  overridden.   For\ninstance, if you use  the\noption -e]x, this command\nbecomes ]].\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a a              (meta)\n\nter  (C-a) to window. See\nescape command.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a A              (title)\n\nname for the current win‐\ndow.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a b,             (break)\n\n#### C-a C-b\n\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\nC-a B              (powbreak)       Reopen the terminal  line\nand send a break.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a c,             (screen)\n\nC-a C-c                              a  shell  and  switch  to\nthat window.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a C              (clear)\n\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a d,             (detach)\n\nC-a C-d                              terminal.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a D D            (powdetach)      Detach and logout.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a f,             (flow)\n\nC-a C-f                              auto.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a F              (fit)\n\ncurrent region size.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a C-g            (vbell)\n\nbell mode.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a h              (hardcopy)\n\ncurrent  window  to   the\nfile hardcopy.n.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a H              (log)\n\nthe current window to the\nfile screenlog.n.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a i,             (info)\n\nC-a C-i                              dow.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a k,             (kill)\n\n#### C-a C-k\n\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a l,             (redisplay)\n\nC-a C-l                              window.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a L              (login)\n\nslot. Available  only  if\nscreen  is  configured to\nupdate the utmp database.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a m,             (lastmsg)\n\nC-a C-m                              displayed  in the message\nline.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a M              (monitor)\n\ncurrent window.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a space,         (next)\n\nC-a n,                               dow.\n\n#### C-a C-n\n\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a N              (number)\n\ntle)  of the current win‐\ndow.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a backspace,     (prev)\n\nC-a C-h,                             window  (opposite  of C-a\nC-a p,                               n).\n\n#### C-a C-p\n\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a q,             (xon)\n\nC-a C-q                              current window.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a Q              (only)\n\nthe  current  one.    See\nalso  split,  remove, fo‐\ncus.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a r,             (wrap)\n\nC-a C-r                              dow's  line-wrap  setting\n(turn  the  current  win‐\ndow's  automatic  margins\non and off).\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a s,             (xoff)\n\nC-a C-s;                             current window.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a S              (split)\n\nhorizontally into two new\nones.  See also only, re‐\nmove, focus.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a t,             (time)\n\n#### C-a C-t\n\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a v              (version)\n\ncompilation date.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a C-v            (digraph)\n\n#### C-a w,             (windows)\n\n#### C-a C-w\n\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a W              (width)\n\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a x or C-a C-x   (lockscreen)      Lock this terminal.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a X              (remove)\n\nSee also split, only, fo‐\ncus.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a z,             (suspend)\n\nC-a C-z                              system must support  BSD-\nstyle job-control.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a Z              (reset)\n\nnal to its power-on  val‐\nues.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a .              (dumptermcap)\n\nfile.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a ?              (help)\n\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a \\              (quit)\n\nminate screen.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a :              (colon)\n\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a [,             (copy)\n\nC-a C-[,                             mode.\nC-a esc\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n\n\n\nC-a C-],           (paste .)         Write the contents of the\nC-a ]                                paste buffer to the stdin\nqueue of the current win‐\ndow.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a {,             (history)         Copy and paste a previous\nC-a }                                (command) line.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a >              (writebuf)\n\nfile.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a <              (readbuf)\n\nfile into the paste  buf‐\nfer.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a =              (removebuf)\n\nC-a < and C-a >.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a ,              (license)\n\nfrom,  where  it  went to\nand why you can use it.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### C-a ___              (silence)\n\ncurrent  window for inac‐\ntivity.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a |              (split -v)        Split the current  region\nvertically  into  two new\nones.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a *              (displays)        Show  a  listing  of  all\ncurrently  attached  dis‐\nplays.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n### CUSTOMIZATION\n\nThe socket directory defaults either to $HOME/.screen or simply to /tmp/screens or preferably\nto  /run/screen chosen at compile-time. If screen is installed setuid-root, then the adminis‐\ntrator should compile screen with an adequate (not NFS mounted) socket directory.  If  screen\nis  not  running  setuid-root, the user can specify any mode 700 directory in the environment\nvariable $SCREENDIR.\n\nWhen screen is invoked, it executes initialization commands from the files /etc/screenrc  and\ndefaults  that  can  be overridden in the following ways: for the global screenrc file screen\nsearches for the environment variable $SYSSCREENRC (this override feature may be disabled  at\ncompile-time).   The   user   specific   screenrc   file   is  searched  in  $SCREENRC,  then\n$HOME/.screenrc.  The command line option -c takes precedence over the  above  user  screenrc\nfiles.\n\nCommands in these files are used to set options, bind functions to keys, and to automatically\nestablish one or more windows at the beginning of your screen session.  Commands  are  listed\none per line, with empty lines being ignored.  A command's arguments are separated by tabs or\nspaces, and may be surrounded by single or double quotes.  A `#' turns the rest of  the  line\ninto  a  comment, except in quotes.  Unintelligible lines are warned about and ignored.  Com‐\nmands may contain references to environment variables. The syntax is the shell-like  \"$VAR  \"\nor  \"${VAR}\". Note that this causes incompatibility with previous screen versions, as now the\n'$'-character has to be protected with '\\' if no variable substitution shall be performed.  A\nstring in single-quotes is also protected from variable substitution.\n\nTwo  configuration  files are shipped as examples with your screen distribution: etc/screenrc\nand etc/etcscreenrc. They contain a number of useful examples for various commands.\n\nCustomization can also be done 'on-line'. To enter the command mode type `C-a :'.  Note  that\ncommands starting with def change default values, while others change current settings.\n\nThe following commands are available:\n\nacladd usernames [crypted-pw]\n\naddacl usernames\n\nEnable  users to fully access this screen session. Usernames can be one user or a comma sepa‐\nrated list of users. This command enables to attach to the screen session  and  performs  the\nequivalent  of `aclchg usernames +rwx \"#?\"'.  executed. To add a user with restricted access,\nuse the `aclchg' command below.  If an optional second parameter is supplied, it should be  a\ncrypted  password  for the named user(s). `Addacl' is a synonym to `acladd'.  Multi user mode\nonly.\n\naclchg usernames permbits list\n\nchacl usernames permbits list\n\nChange permissions for a comma separated list of users. Permission bits  are  represented  as\n`r', `w' and `x'. Prefixing `+' grants the permission, `-' removes it. The third parameter is\na comma separated list of commands and/or windows (specified either by number or title).  The\nspecial  list `#' refers to all windows, `?' to all commands. if usernames consists of a sin‐\ngle `*', all known users are affected.\n\nA command can be executed when the user has the `x' bit for it.  The user can type input to a\nwindow  when  he  has  its `w' bit set and no other user obtains a writelock for this window.\nOther bits are currently ignored.  To withdraw the writelock from another user in  window  2:\n`aclchg  username  -w+w  2'.   To  allow read-only access to the session: `aclchg username -w\n\"#\"'. As soon as a user's name is known to screen he can attach to the session and  (per  de‐\nfault)  has  full  permissions  for all command and windows. Execution permission for the acl\ncommands, `at' and others should also be removed or the user may be able to regain write per‐\nmission.   Rights  of  the  special  username  nobody cannot be changed (see the su command).\n`Chacl' is a synonym to `aclchg'.  Multi user mode only.\n\nacldel username\n\nRemove a user from screen's access control list. If currently attached, all the  user's  dis‐\nplays are detached from the session. He cannot attach again.  Multi user mode only.\n\naclgrp username [groupname]\n\nCreates  groups  of users that share common access rights. The name of the group is the user‐\nname of the group leader. Each member of the group inherits the permissions that are  granted\nto  the  group leader. That means, if a user fails an access check, another check is made for\nthe group leader.  A user is removed from all groups the  special  value  none  is  used  for\ngroupname.  If the second parameter is omitted all groups the user is in are listed.\n\naclumask [[ users ] +bits | [ users ] -bits... ]\n\numask [[ users ] +bits | [ users ] -bits... ]\n\nThis  specifies  the access other users have to windows that will be created by the caller of\nthe command.  Users may be no, one or a comma separated list of known usernames. If no  users\nare  specified,  a  list of all currently known users is assumed.  Bits is any combination of\naccess control bits allowed defined with the aclchg command. The special  username  ?  prede‐\nfines  the access that not yet known users will be granted to any window initially.  The spe‐\ncial username ?? predefines the access that not yet known users are granted to  any  command.\nRights  of  the special username nobody cannot be changed (see the su command).  `Umask' is a\nsynonym to `aclumask'.\n\nactivity message\n\nWhen any activity occurs in a background window that is being monitored,  screen  displays  a\nnotification in the message line.  The notification message can be re-defined by means of the\nactivity command.  Each occurrence of `%' in message is replaced by the number of the  window\nin which activity has occurred, and each occurrence of `^G' is replaced by the definition for\nbell in your termcap (usually an audible bell).  The default message is\n\n'Activity in window %n'\n\nNote that monitoring is off for all windows by default, but can be altered by use of the mon‐\nitor command (C-a M).\n\n#### allpartial [ on | off ]\n\nIf  set  to on, only the current cursor line is refreshed on window change.  This affects all\nwindows and is useful for slow terminal lines. The previous setting of  full/partial  refresh\nfor  each  window  is  restored  with allpartial off.  This is a global flag that immediately\ntakes effect on all windows overriding the partial settings. It does not change  the  default\nredraw behavior of newly created windows.\n\n#### altscreen [ on | off ]\n\nIf set to on, \"alternate screen\" support is enabled in virtual terminals, just like in xterm.\nInitial setting is `off'.\n\nat [identifier][#|*|%] command [args ... ]\n\nExecute a command at other displays or windows as if it had been entered there.   At  changes\nthe  context (the `current window' or `current display' setting) of the command. If the first\nparameter describes a non-unique context, the command will be executed multiple times. If the\nfirst  parameter  is of the form `identifier*' then identifier is matched against user names.\nThe command is executed once for each display of the selected user(s). If the first parameter\nis of the form `identifier%' identifier is matched against displays. Displays are named after\nthe ttys they attach. The prefix `/dev/' or `/dev/tty' may be omitted  from  the  identifier.\nIf  identifier has a `#' or nothing appended it is matched against window numbers and titles.\nOmitting an identifier in front of the `#', `*' or `%'-character selects all users,  displays\nor  windows because a prefix-match is performed. Note that on the affected display(s) a short\nmessage will describe what happened. Permission is checked for initiator of the  at  command,\nnot  for  the owners of the affected display(s).  Note that the '#' character works as a com‐\nment introducer when it is preceded by whitespace. This can be escaped by  prefixing  a  '\\'.\nPermission is checked for the initiator of the at command, not for the owners of the affected\ndisplay(s).\n\nCaveat: When matching against windows, the command is executed at least once per window. Com‐\nmands  that  change  the internal arrangement of windows (like other) may be called again. In\nshared windows the command will be repeated for each attached display. Beware,  when  issuing\ntoggle  commands  like login!  Some commands (e.g. process) require that a display is associ‐\nated with the target windows.  These commands may not work correctly under  at  looping  over\nwindows.\n\nattrcolor attrib [attribute/color-modifier]\n\nThis  command  can  be used to highlight attributes by changing the color of the text. If the\nattribute attrib is in use, the specified attribute/color modifier is  also  applied.  If  no\nmodifier  is given, the current one is deleted. See the STRING ESCAPES chapter for the syntax\nof the modifier. Screen understands two pseudo-attributes, i stands for high-intensity  fore‐\nground color and I for high-intensity background color.\n\nExamples:\n\nattrcolor b \"R\"\n\nChange the color to bright red if bold text is to be printed.\n\nattrcolor u \"-u b\"\n\nUse blue text instead of underline.\n\nattrcolor b \".I\"\n\nUse bright colors for bold text. Most terminal emulators do this already.\n\nattrcolor i \"+b\"\n\nMake bright colored text also bold.\n\n#### autodetach [ on | off ]\n\nSets  whether screen will automatically detach upon hangup, which saves all your running pro‐\ngrams until they are resumed with a screen -r command.  When turned off, a hangup signal will\nterminate screen and all the processes it contains. Autodetach is on by default.\n\n#### autonuke [ on | off ]\n\nSets  whether a clear screen sequence should nuke all the output that has not been written to\nthe terminal. See also obuflimit.\n\nbacktick id lifespan autorefresh cmd args...\n\nbacktick id\n\nProgram the backtick command with the numerical id id.  The output of such a command is  used\nfor substitution of the %` string escape. The specified lifespan is the number of seconds the\noutput is considered valid. After this time, the command is  run  again  if  a  corresponding\nstring  escape  is  encountered.  The autorefresh parameter triggers an automatic refresh for\ncaption and hardstatus strings after the specified number of seconds. Only the last  line  of\noutput is used for substitution.\n\nIf  both  the  lifespan  and the autorefresh parameters are zero, the backtick program is ex‐\npected to stay in the background and generate output once in a while.  In this case, the com‐\nmand  is  executed  right  away and screen stores the last line of output. If a new line gets\nprinted screen will automatically refresh the hardstatus or the captions.\n\nThe second form of the command deletes the backtick command with the numerical id id.\n\n#### bce [ on | off ]\n\nChange background-color-erase setting. If bce is set to on,  all  characters  cleared  by  an\nerase/insert/scroll/clear operation will be displayed in the current background color. Other‐\nwise the default background color is used.\n\nbellmsg [message]\n\nWhen a bell character is sent to a background window, screen displays a notification  in  the\nmessage  line.   The notification message can be re-defined by this command.  Each occurrence\nof `%' in message is replaced by the number of the window to which a bell has been sent,  and\neach  occurrence  of  `^G' is replaced by the definition for bell in your termcap (usually an\naudible bell).  The default message is\n\n'Bell in window %n'\n\nAn empty message can be supplied to the bellmsg command to suppress output of a message line\n(bellmsg \"\").  Without parameter, the current message is shown.\n\nbind [class] key [command [args]]\n\nBind  a  command  to a key.  By default, most of the commands provided by screen are bound to\none or more keys as indicated in the DEFAULT KEY BINDINGS section, e.g. the command to create\na  new  window is bound to C-c and c.  The bind command can be used to redefine the key bind‐\nings and to define new bindings.  The key argument is either a single character, a  two-char‐\nacter  sequence of the form ^x (meaning C-x), a backslash followed by an octal number (speci‐\nfying the ASCII code of the character), or a backslash followed by a second  character,  such\nas \\^ or \\\\.  The argument can also be quoted, if you like.  If no further argument is given,\nany previously established binding for this key is removed.  The command argument can be  any\ncommand listed in this section.\n\nIf  a command class is specified via the -c option, the key is bound for the specified class.\nUse the command command to activate a class. Command classes can be used to  create  multiple\ncommand keys or multi-character bindings.\n\nSome examples:\n\nbind ' ' windows\nbind ^k\nbind k\nbind K kill\nbind ^f screen telnet foobar\nbind \\033 screen -ln -t root -h 1000 9 su\n\nwould  bind the space key to the command that displays a list of windows (so that the command\nusually invoked by C-a C-w would also be available as C-a space). The next three lines remove\nthe  default  kill  binding from C-a C-k and C-a k.  C-a K is then bound to the kill command.\nThen it binds C-f to the command create a window with a TELNET connection to foobar, and bind\nescape  to  the  command that creates an non-login window with a.k.a. root in slot #9, with a\nsuperuser shell and a scrollback buffer of 1000 lines.\n\nbind -c demo1 0 select 10\nbind -c demo1 1 select 11\nbind -c demo1 2 select 12\nbindkey \"^B\" command -c demo1\n\nmakes C-b 0 select window 10, C-b 1 window 11, etc.\n\nbind -c demo2 0 select 10\nbind -c demo2 1 select 11\nbind -c demo2 2 select 12\nbind - command -c demo2\n\nmakes C-a - 0 select window 10, C-a - 1 window 11, etc.\n\nbindkey [-d] [-m] [-a] [[-k|-t] string [cmd-args]]\n\nThis command manages screen's input translation tables. Every entry  in  one  of  the  tables\ntells screen how to react if a certain sequence of characters is encountered. There are three\ntables: one that should contain actions programmed by the user, one for the  default  actions\nused for terminal emulation and one for screen's copy mode to do cursor movement. See section\nINPUT TRANSLATION for a list of default key bindings.\n\nIf the -d option is given, bindkey modifies the default table, -m changes the copy mode table\nand  with  neither option the user table is selected.  The argument string is the sequence of\ncharacters to which an action is bound. This can either be a fixed string or a  termcap  key‐\nboard capability name (selectable with the -k option).\n\nSome  keys  on  a VT100 terminal can send a different string if application mode is turned on\n(e.g the cursor keys).  Such keys have two entries in the translation table. You  can  select\nthe application mode entry by specifying the -a option.\n\nThe  -t  option tells screen not to do inter-character timing. One cannot turn off the timing\nif a termcap capability is used.\n\nCmd can be any of screen's commands with an arbitrary number of args.  If cmd is omitted  the\nkey-binding is removed from the table.\n\nHere are some examples of keyboard bindings:\n\nbindkey -d\n\nShow all of the default key bindings. The application mode entries are marked with [A].\n\nbindkey -k k1 select 1\n\nMake the \"F1\" key switch to window one.\n\nbindkey -t foo stuff barfoo\n\nMake  \"foo\"  an abbreviation of the word \"barfoo\". Timeout is disabled so that users can type\nslowly.\n\nbindkey \"\\024\" mapdefault\n\nThis key-binding makes ^T an escape character for key-bindings. If you did  the  above  stuff\nbarfoo  binding,  you  can enter the word foo by typing ^Tfoo. If you want to insert a ^T you\nhave to press the key twice (i.e., escape the escape binding).\n\nbindkey -k F1 command\n\nMake the F11 (not F1!) key an alternative screen escape (besides ^A).\n\nbreak [duration]\n\nSend a break signal for duration*0.25 seconds to this window.  For non-Posix systems the time\ninterval may be rounded up to full seconds.  Most useful if a character device is attached to\nthe window rather than a shell process (See also chapter WINDOW TYPES). The maximum  duration\nof a break signal is limited to 15 seconds.\n\n#### blanker\n\nActivate  the  screen blanker. First the screen is cleared. If no blanker program is defined,\nthe cursor is turned off, otherwise, the program is started and it's output is written to the\nscreen.  The screen blanker is killed with the first keypress, the read key is discarded.\n\nThis command is normally used together with the idle command.\n\nblankerprg [program-args]\n\nDefines  a blanker program. Disables the blanker program if an empty argument is given. Shows\nthe currently set blanker program if no arguments are given.\n\nbreaktype [tcsendbreak|TIOCSBRK|TCSBRK]\n\nChoose one of the available methods of generating a break signal for terminal  devices.  This\ncommand  should  affect the current window only.  But it still behaves identical to defbreak‐\ntype. This will be changed in the future.  Calling breaktype with no parameter  displays  the\nbreak method for the current window.\n\nbufferfile [exchange-file]\n\nChange  the filename used for reading and writing with the paste buffer.  If the optional ar‐\ngument to the bufferfile command is omitted, the default  setting  (/tmp/screen-exchange)  is\nreactivated.   The  following  example  will paste the system's password file into the screen\nwindow (using the paste buffer, where a copy remains):\n\nC-a : bufferfile /etc/passwd\nC-a < C-a ]\nC-a : bufferfile\n\n#### bumpleft\n\nSwaps window with previous one on window list.\n\n#### bumpright\n\nSwaps window with next one on window list.\n\n#### c1 [ on | off ]\n\nChange c1 code processing. C1 on tells screen to treat the input characters between  128  and\n159  as  control  functions.   Such an 8-bit code is normally the same as ESC followed by the\ncorresponding 7-bit code. The default setting is to process c1 codes and can be changed  with\nthe defc1 command.  Users with fonts that have usable characters in the c1 positions may want\nto turn this off.\n\ncaption [ top | bottom ] always|splitonly[string]\n\ncaption string [string]\n\nThis command controls the display of the window captions. Normally a caption is only used  if\nmore  than  one window is shown on the display (split screen mode). But if the type is set to\nalways screen shows a caption even if only one window is displayed. The default is splitonly.\n\nThe second form changes the text used for the caption. You  can  use  all  escapes  from  the\nSTRING ESCAPES chapter. Screen uses a default of `%3n %t'.\n\nYou can mix both forms by providing a string as an additional argument.\n\nYou can have the caption displayed either at the top or bottom of the window.  The default is\nbottom.\n\ncharset set\n\nChange the current character set slot designation and charset mapping.  The first four  char‐\nacter  of  set are treated as charset designators while the fifth and sixth character must be\nin range '0' to '3' and set the GL/GR charset mapping. On every position a '.' may be used to\nindicate  that  the corresponding charset/mapping should not be changed (set is padded to six\ncharacters internally by appending '.'  chars). New windows have \"BBBB02\" as default charset,\nunless a encoding command is active.\nThe current setting can be viewed with the info command.\n\nchdir [directory]\n\nChange  the  current  directory of screen to the specified directory or, if called without an\nargument, to your home directory (the value of the environment variable $HOME).  All  windows\nthat  are  created  by means of the screen command from within .screenrc or by means of C-a :\nscreen ...  or C-a c use this as their default directory.   Without  a  chdir  command,  this\nwould be the directory from which screen was invoked.\n\nHardcopy  and log files are always written to the window's default directory, not the current\ndirectory of the process running in the window.  You can use this command multiple  times  in\nyour  .screenrc to start various windows in different default directories, but the last chdir\nvalue will affect all the windows you create interactively.\n\n#### cjkwidth [ on | off ]\n\nTreat ambiguous width characters as full/half width.\n\n#### clear\n\nClears the current window and saves its image to the scrollback buffer.\n\n#### collapse\n\nReorders window on window list, removing number gaps between them.\n\ncolon [prefix]\n\nAllows you to enter .screenrc command lines. Useful for on-the-fly modification of key  bind‐\nings, specific window creation and changing settings. Note that the set keyword no longer ex‐\nists! Usually commands affect the current window rather than default settings for future win‐\ndows. Change defaults with commands starting with 'def...'.\n\nIf  you  consider this as the `Ex command mode' of screen, you may regard C-a esc (copy mode)\nas its `Vi command mode'.\n\ncommand [ -c class\"]\"\n\nThis command has the same effect as typing the screen escape character (^A). It  is  probably\nonly useful for key bindings.  If the -c option is given, select the specified command class.\nSee also bind and bindkey.\n\n#### compacthist [ on | off ]\n\nThis tells screen whether to suppress trailing blank lines when scrolling up  text  into  the\nhistory buffer.\n\n#### console [ on | off ]\n\nGrabs or un-grabs the machines console output to a window.  Note: Only the owner of /dev/con‐\nsole can grab the console output.  This command is only available if the machine supports the\nioctl TIOCCONS.\n\n#### copy\n\nEnter copy/scrollback mode. This allows you to copy text from the current window and its his‐\ntory into the paste buffer. In this mode a vi-like `full screen editor' is active:\nThe editor's movement keys are:\n\n\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nh, C-h,        move the cursor left.\n\n#### left arrow\n\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nj, C-n,        move the cursor down.\n\n#### down arrow\n\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nk, C-p,        move the cursor up.\n\n#### up arrow\n\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nl ('el'),      move the cursor right.\n\n#### right arrow\n\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n#### 0 (zero)\n\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n+ and -        positions one line up and down.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nH, M and L     move the cursor to the leftmost  column  of  the\ntop, center or bottom line of the window.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n|              moves to the specified absolute column.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\ng or home      moves to the beginning of the buffer.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nG or end       moves  to  the specified absolute line (default:\nend of buffer).\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n%              jumps to the specified percentage of the buffer.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n^ or $         move to the leftmost column,  to  the  first  or\nlast non-whitespace character on the line.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nw, b, and e    move the cursor word by word.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nB, E           move the cursor WORD by WORD (as in vi).\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nf/F, t/T       move the cursor forward/backward to the next oc‐\ncurrence of the target. (eg, '3fy' will move the\ncursor to the 3rd 'y' to the right.)\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n; and ,        Repeat  the last f/F/t/T command in the same/op‐\nposite direction.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n\nC-e and C-y    scroll the display up/down  by  one  line  while\npreserving the cursor position.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-u and C-d    scroll  the  display  up/down  by  the specified\namount of lines while preserving the cursor  po‐\nsition. (Default: half screen-full).\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-b and C-f    scroll the display up/down a full screen.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n\nNote:  Emacs  style  movement  keys can be customized by a .screenrc command.  (E.g. markkeys\n\"h=^B:l=^F:$=^E\") There is no simple method for a full emacs-style keymap, as  this  involves\nmulti-character codes.\n\nSome keys are defined to do mark and replace operations.\n\nThe  copy range is specified by setting two marks. The text between these marks will be high‐\nlighted. Press:\n\nspace or enter to set the first or second mark respectively. If mousetrack is  set  to\n`on', marks can also be set using left mouse click.\n\nY and y used to mark one whole line or to mark from start of line.\n\nW marks exactly one word.\n\nAny of these commands can be prefixed with a repeat count number by pressing digits\n\n0..9 which is taken as a repeat count.\n\nExample: C-a C-[ H 10 j 5 Y will copy lines 11 to 15 into the paste buffer.\n\nThe following search keys are defined:\n\n/ Vi-like search forward.\n\n? Vi-like search backward.\n\nC-a s Emacs style incremental search forward.\n\nC-r Emacs style reverse i-search.\n\nn Find next search pattern.\n\nN Find previous search pattern.\n\n\nThere  are  however some keys that act differently than in vi.  Vi does not allow one to yank\nrectangular blocks of text, but screen does. Press: c or C to set the left  or  right  margin\nrespectively. If no repeat count is given, both default to the current cursor position.\n\nExample: Try this on a rather full text screen:\n\nC-a [ M 20 l SPACE c 10 l 5 j C SPACE.\n\nThis  moves  one to the middle line of the screen, moves in 20 columns left, marks the begin‐\nning of the paste buffer, sets the left column, moves 5 columns down, sets the right  column,\nand then marks the end of the paste buffer. Now try:\n\nC-a [ M 20 l SPACE 10 l 5 j SPACE\n\nand notice the difference in the amount of text copied.\n\nJ  joins  lines.  It  toggles  between 4 modes: lines separated by a newline character (012),\nlines glued seamless, lines separated by a single whitespace and comma separated lines.  Note\nthat  you  can  prepend  the newline character with a carriage return character, by issuing a\ncrlf on.\n\nv or V is for all the vi users with :set numbers - it toggles the left margin between  column\n9 and 1. Press\n\na  before the final space key to toggle in append mode. Thus the contents of the paste buffer\nwill not be overwritten, but is appended to.\n\nA toggles in append mode and sets a (second) mark.\n\n> sets the (second) mark and writes the contents of the paste buffer to  the  screen-exchange\nfile (/tmp/screen-exchange per default) once copy-mode is finished.\n\nThis example demonstrates how to dump the whole scrollback buffer to that file: C-A [ g SPACE\nG $ >.\n\nC-g gives information about the current line and column.\n\nx or o exchanges the first mark and the current cursor position. You can use this  to  adjust\nan already placed mark.\n\nC-l ('el') will redraw the screen.\n\n@ does nothing. Does not even exit copy mode.\n\nAll keys not described here exit copy mode.\n\ncopyreg [key]\n\nNo longer exists, use readreg instead.\n\n#### crlf [ on | off ]\n\nThis  affects  the  copying  of  text regions with the `C-a [' command. If it is set to `on',\nlines will be separated by the two character sequence `CR' - `LF'.  Otherwise (default)  only\n`LF' is used.  When no parameter is given, the state is toggled.\n\n#### debug [ on | off ]\n\nTurns  runtime debugging on or off. If screen has been compiled with option -DDEBUG debugging\navailable and is turned on per default. Note that this command only affects debugging  output\nfrom  the  main  SCREEN  process  correctly. Debug output from attacher processes can only be\nturned off once and forever.\n\n#### defc1 [ on | off ]\n\nSame as the c1 command except that the default setting for new windows  is  changed.  Initial\nsetting is `on'.\n\n#### defautonuke [ on | off ]\n\nSame  as  the  autonuke  command except that the default setting for new displays is changed.\nInitial setting is `off'.  Note that you can use the special `AN' terminal capability if  you\nwant to have a dependency on the terminal type.\n\n#### defbce [ on | off ]\n\nSame  as  the bce command except that the default setting for new windows is changed. Initial\nsetting is `off'.\n\ndefbreaktype [tcsendbreak|TIOCSBRK|TCSBRK]\n\nChoose one of the available methods of generating a break signal for  terminal  devices.  The\npreferred  methods  are  tcsendbreak  and  TIOCSBRK.   The third, TCSBRK, blocks the complete\nscreen session for the duration of the break, but it may be the only  way  to  generate  long\nbreaks.   Tcsendbreak and TIOCSBRK may or may not produce long breaks with spikes (e.g. 4 per\nsecond). This is not only system-dependent, this also differs between serial  board  drivers.\nCalling defbreaktype with no parameter displays the current setting.\n\ndefcharset [set]\n\nLike  the  charset  command except that the default setting for new windows is changed. Shows\ncurrent default if called without argument.\n\n#### defdynamictitle [ on | off ]\n\nSet default behaviour for new windows regarding if screen should  change  window  title  when\nseeing proper escape sequence. See also \"TITLES (naming windows)\" section.\n\ndefescape xy\n\nSet the default command characters. This is equivalent to the escape except that it is useful\nmultiuser sessions only. In a multiuser session escape changes the command character  of  the\ncalling  user,  where defescape changes the default command characters for users that will be\nadded later.\n\n#### defflow [ on | off | auto [ interrupt ]]\n\nSame as the flow command except that the default setting for new windows is changed.  Initial\nsetting is `auto'.  Specifying defflow auto interrupt is the same as the command-line options\n\n#### -fa -i\n\n#### defgr [ on | off ]\n\nSame as the gr command except that the default setting for new windows  is  changed.  Initial\nsetting is `off'.\n\ndefhstatus [status]\n\nThe  hardstatus  line that all new windows will get is set to status.  This command is useful\nto make the hardstatus of every window display the window number or title or the like.   Sta‐\ntus may contain the same directives as in the window messages, but the directive escape char‐\nacter is '^E' (octal 005) instead of '%'.  This was done to make a misinterpretation of  pro‐\ngram  generated hardstatus lines impossible.  If the parameter status is omitted, the current\ndefault string is displayed.  Per default the hardstatus line of new windows is empty.\n\ndefencoding enc\n\nSame as the encoding command except that the default setting for new windows is changed. Ini‐\ntial setting is the encoding taken from the terminal.\n\n#### deflog [ on | off ]\n\nSame  as  the log command except that the default setting for new windows is changed. Initial\nsetting is `off'.\n\n#### deflogin [ on | off ]\n\nSame as the login command except that the default setting for new windows is changed. This is\ninitialized with `on' as distributed (see config.h.in).\n\ndefmode mode\n\nThe  mode  of each newly allocated pseudo-tty is set to mode.  Mode is an octal number.  When\nno defmode command is given, mode 0622 is used.\n\n#### defmonitor [ on | off]\n\nSame as the monitor command except that the default setting for new windows is changed.  Ini‐\ntial setting is `off'.\n\n#### defmousetrack [ on | off ]\n\nSame  as  the  mousetrack command except that the default setting for new windows is changed.\nInitial setting is `off'.\n\ndefnonblock [ on | off | numsecs]\n\nSame as the nonblock command except that the default setting for displays is changed. Initial\nsetting is `off'.\n\ndefobuflimit limit\n\nSame  as  the  obuflimit command except that the default setting for new displays is changed.\nInitial setting is 256 bytes.  Note that you can use the special 'OL' terminal capability  if\nyou want to have a dependency on the terminal type.\n\ndefscrollback num\n\nSame  as  the  scrollback command except that the default setting for new windows is changed.\nInitial setting is 100.\n\ndefshell command\n\nSynonym to the shell .screenrc command. See there.\n\n#### defsilence [ on | off ]\n\nSame as the silence command except that the default setting for new windows is changed.  Ini‐\ntial setting is `off'.\n\ndefslowpaste msec\n\nSame  as  the  slowpaste  command except that the default setting for new windows is changed.\nInitial setting is 0 milliseconds, meaning `off'.\n\n#### defutf8 [ on | off ]\n\nSame as the utf8 command except that the default setting for new windows is changed.  Initial\nsetting is `on' if screen was started with -U, otherwise `off'.\n\n#### defwrap [ on | off ]\n\nSame  as  the  wrap  command except that the default setting for new windows is changed. Ini‐\ntially line-wrap is on and can be toggled with the wrap command (C-a r) or by means of \"C-a :\nwrap on|off\".\n\n#### defwritelock [ on | off | auto ]\n\nSame  as  the  writelock  command except that the default setting for new windows is changed.\nInitially writelocks will off.\n\ndetach [-h]\n\nDetach the screen session (disconnect it from the terminal and put it into  the  background).\nThis  returns you to the shell where you invoked screen.  A detached screen can be resumed by\ninvoking screen with the -r option (see also section COMMAND-LINE  OPTIONS).  The  -h  option\ntells screen to immediately close the connection to the terminal (hangup).\n\n#### dinfo\n\nShow  what  screen  thinks  about your terminal. Useful if you want to know why features like\ncolor or the alternate charset don't work.\n\n#### displays\n\nShows a tabular listing of all currently connected user front-ends (displays).  This is  most\nuseful for multiuser sessions.  The following keys can be used in displays list:\n\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nk, C-p, or up           Move up one line.\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nj, C-n, or down         Move down one line.\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a or home             Move to the first line.\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-e or end              Move to the last line.\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-u or C-d              Move one half page up or down.\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-b or C-f              Move one full page up or down.\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nmouseclick              Move to the selected line. Avail‐\nable when mousetrack  is  set  to\non.\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nspace                   Refresh the list\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nd                       Detach that display\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nD                       Power detach that display\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-g, enter, or escape   Exit the list\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\nThe following is an example of what displays could look like:\nxterm 80x42 jnweiger@/dev/ttyp4     0(m11)   &rWx\nfacit 80x24 mlschroe@/dev/ttyhf nb 11(tcsh)   rwx\nxterm 80x42 jnhollma@/dev/ttyp5     0(m11)   &R.x\n(A)   (B)     (C)     (D)     (E) (F)(G)   (H)(I)\n\nThe legend is as follows:\n\n(A) The terminal type known by screen for this display.\n\n(B) Displays geometry as width x height.\n\n(C) Username who is logged in at the display.\n\n(D) Device name of the display or the attached device\n\n(E)  Display  is in blocking or nonblocking mode.  The available modes are \"nb\", \"NB\",\n\"Z<\", \"Z>\", and \"BL\".\n\n(F) Number of the window\n\n(G) Name/title of window\n\n(H) Whether the window is shared\n\n(I) Window permissions. Made up of three characters.\n\n┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐\n│             Window permissions indicators              │\n├─────────────────┬──────────────────┬───────────────────┤\n│ 1st character   │  2nd character   │   3rd character   │\n├────┬────────────┼─────┬────────────┼─────┬─────────────┤\n│-   │no read     │ -   │no write    │ -   │no execute   │\n├────┼────────────┼─────┼────────────┼─────┼─────────────┤\n│r   │read        │ w   │write       │ x   │execute      │\n├────┼────────────┼─────┼────────────┼─────┼─────────────┤\n│    │            │ W   │own wlock   │     │             │\n├────┴────────────┴─────┴────────────┴─────┴─────────────┤\n│Indicators of permissions suppressed by a foreign wlock │\n├────┬────────────┬─────┬────────────┬─────┬─────────────┤\n│R   │read only   │ .   │no write    │     │             │\n└────┴────────────┴─────┴────────────┴─────┴─────────────┘\ndisplays needs a region size of at least 10 characters wide and 5 characters  high  in\norder to display.\n\ndigraph [preset[unicode-value]]\n\nThis  command  prompts  the  user  for  a digraph sequence. The next two characters typed are\nlooked up in a builtin table and the resulting character is inserted in the input stream. For\nexample,  if  the  user enters 'a\"', an a-umlaut will be inserted. If the first character en‐\ntered is a 0 (zero), screen will treat the following characters (up to  three)  as  an  octal\nnumber  instead.   The optional argument preset is treated as user input, thus one can create\nan umlaut key.  For example the command \"bindkey ^K digraph '\"'\" enables the user to generate\nan a-umlaut by typing CTRL-K a.  When a non-zero unicode-value is specified, a new digraph is\ncreated with the specified preset. The digraph is unset if a zero value is provided  for  the\nunicode-value.\n\n#### dumptermcap\n\nWrite the termcap entry for the virtual terminal optimized for the currently active window to\nthe file .termcap in the user's $HOME/.screen directory (or wherever screen stores its  sock‐\nets. See the FILES section below).  This termcap entry is identical to the value of the envi‐\nronment variable $TERMCAP that is set up by screen for each window. For terminfo  based  sys‐\ntems you will need to run a converter like captoinfo and then compile the entry with tic.\n\n#### dynamictitle [ on | off ]\n\nChange  behaviour  for  windows  regarding  if  screen should change window title when seeing\nproper escape sequence. See also \"TITLES (naming windows)\" section.\n\necho [-n] message\n\nThe echo command may be used to annoy screen users with a 'message of the day'. Typically in‐\nstalled in a global /etc/screenrc.  The option -n may be used to suppress the line feed.  See\nalso sleep.  Echo is also useful for online checking of environment variables.\n\nencoding enc [enc]\n\nTell screen how to interpret the input/output. The first argument sets the  encoding  of  the\ncurrent  window.  Each window can emulate a different encoding. The optional second parameter\noverwrites the encoding of the connected terminal. It should never be needed as  screen  uses\nthe locale setting to detect the encoding.  There is also a way to select a terminal encoding\ndepending on the terminal type by using the KJ termcap entry.\n\nSupported encodings are eucJP, SJIS, eucKR, eucCN, Big5, GBK, KOI8-R, KOI8-U, CP1251,  UTF-8,\nISO8859-2,  ISO8859-3,  ISO8859-4,  ISO8859-5,  ISO8859-6,  ISO8859-7,  ISO8859-8, ISO8859-9,\nISO8859-10, ISO8859-15, jis.\n\nSee also defencoding, which changes the default setting of a new window.\n\nescape xy\n\nSet the command character to x and the character generating a literal command  character  (by\ntriggering the meta command) to y (similar to the -e option).  Each argument is either a sin‐\ngle character, a two-character sequence of the form ^x (meaning C-x), a backslash followed by\nan  octal  number  (specifying the ASCII code of the character), or a backslash followed by a\nsecond character, such as \\^ or \\\\.  The default is ^Aa.\n\neval command1[command2 ...]\n\nParses and executes each argument as separate command.\n\nexec [[fdpat]newcommand [args ...]]\n\nRun a unix subprocess (specified by an executable path newcommand and its optional arguments)\nin  the current window. The flow of data between newcommands stdin/stdout/stderr, the process\noriginally started in the window (let us call it  \"application-process\")  and  screen  itself\n(window)  is  controlled  by  the file descriptor pattern fdpat.  This pattern is basically a\nthree character sequence representing stdin, stdout and stderr of newcommand. A dot (.)  con‐\nnects  the  file descriptor to screen.  An exclamation mark (!) causes the file descriptor to\nbe connected to the application-process. A colon (:) combines both.  User input  will  go  to\nnewcommand unless newcommand receives the application-process' output (fdpats first character\nis `!' or `:') or a pipe symbol (|) is added (as a fourth character) to the end of fdpat.\n\nInvoking `exec' without arguments shows name and arguments of the currently  running  subpro‐\ncess in this window. Only one subprocess a time can be running in each window.\n\nWhen  a  subprocess  is  running  the  `kill'  command  will affect it instead of the windows\nprocess.\n\nRefer to the postscript file `doc/fdpat.ps' for a confusing illustration of all  21  possible\ncombinations.  Each drawing shows the digits 2,1,0 representing the three file descriptors of\nnewcommand. The box marked `W' is the usual pty that has the application-process on its slave\nside.  The box marked `P' is the secondary pty that now has screen at its master side.\n\nAbbreviations:  Whitespace  between the word `exec' and fdpat and the command can be omitted.\nTrailing dots and a fdpat consisting only of dots can be omitted. A simple `|' is  synonymous\nfor the pattern `!..|'; the word exec can be omitted here and can always be replaced by `!'.\n\nExamples:\n\nexec ... /bin/sh\n\nexec /bin/sh\n\n!/bin/sh\n\nCreates  another  shell  in  the same window, while the original shell is still\nrunning. Output of both shells is displayed and user input is sent to  the  new\n/bin/sh.\n\nexec !.. stty 19200\n\nexec ! stty 19200\n\n!!stty 19200\n\nSet  the  speed  of  the window's tty. If your stty command operates on stdout,\nthen add another `!'.\n\nexec !..| less\n\n|less\n\nThis adds a pager to the window output. The special character `|' is needed  to\ngive  the  user control over the pager although it gets its input from the win‐\ndow's process. This works, because less listens  on  stderr  (a  behavior  that\nscreen  would  not  expect  without the `|') when its stdin is not a tty.  Less\nversions newer than 177 fail miserably here; good old pg still works.\n\n!:sed -n s/.*Error.*/\\007/p\n\nSends window output to both, the user and the sed command. The sed  inserts  an\nadditional bell character (oct. 007) to the window output seen by screen.  This\nwill cause \"Bell in window x\" messages, whenever the string \"Error\" appears  in\nthe window.\n\n#### fit\n\nChange  the  window  size  to  the size of the current region. This command is needed because\nscreen doesn't adapt the window size automatically if the window is displayed more than once.\n\n#### flow [ on | off | auto]\n\nSets the flow-control mode for this window.  Without parameters it cycles  the  current  win‐\ndow's  flow-control  setting  from \"automatic\" to \"on\" to \"off\".  See the discussion on FLOW-\nCONTROL later on in this document for full details and note, that this is subject  to  change\nin future releases.  Default is set by `defflow'.\n\n#### focus [ next | prev | up | down | left | right | top | bottom ]\n\nMove  the  input  focus to the next region. This is done in a cyclic way so that the top left\nregion is selected after the bottom right one. If no option is given it defaults  to  `next'.\nThe  next  region to be selected is determined by how the regions are layered.  Normally, the\nnext region in the same layer would be selected.  However, if that next region  contains  one\nor  more  layers,  the first region in the highest layer is selected first. If you are at the\nlast region of the current layer, `next' will move the focus to the next region in the  lower\nlayer  (if  there is a lower layer).  `Prev' cycles in the opposite order. See split for more\ninformation about layers.\n\nThe rest of the options (`up', `down', `left', `right', `top', and `bottom') are more  indif‐\nferent  to  layers. The option `up' will move the focus upward to the region that is touching\nthe upper left corner of the current region.  `Down' will move downward to the region that is\ntouching  the  lower left corner of the current region. The option `left' will move the focus\nleftward to the region that is touching the upper left corner of the  current  region,  while\n`right' will move rightward to the region that is touching the upper right corner of the cur‐\nrent region. Moving left from a left most region or moving right from  a  right  most  region\nwill result in no action.\n\nThe option `top' will move the focus to the very first region in the upper list corner of the\nscreen, and `bottom' will move to the region in the bottom right corner of the screen. Moving\nup from a top most region or moving down from a bottom most region will result in no action.\n\nUseful bindings are (h, j, k, and l as in vi)\nbind h focus left\nbind j focus down\nbind k focus up\nbind l focus right\nbind t focus top\nbind b focus bottom\nNote that k is traditionally bound to the kill command.\n\nfocusminsize [ ( width|max| ) ( height|max| ) ]\n\nThis  forces  any  currently  selected  region to be automatically resized at least a certain\nwidth and height. All other surrounding regions will be  resized  in  order  to  accommodate.\nThis  constraint follows every time the focus command is used. The resize command can be used\nto increase either dimension of a region, but never below what is set with focusminsize.  The\nunderscore  `'  is  a  synonym for max. Setting a width and height of `0 0' (zero zero) will\nundo any constraints and allow for manual resizing.   Without  any  parameters,  the  minimum\nwidth and height is shown.\n\n#### gr [ on | off ]\n\nTurn  GR  charset  switching on/off. Whenever screen sees an input character with the 8th bit\nset, it will use the charset stored in the GR slot and print the character with the  8th  bit\nstripped.  The  default (see also defgr) is not to process GR switching because otherwise the\nISO88591 charset would not work.\n\ngroup [grouptitle]\n\nChange or show the group the current window belongs to. Windows can be moved  around  between\ndifferent groups by specifying the name of the destination group. Without specifying a group,\nthe title of the current group is displayed.\n\nhardcopy [-h] [file]\n\nWrites out the currently displayed image to the file file, or, if no filename  is  specified,\nto  hardcopy.n  in  the default directory, where n is the number of the current window.  This\neither appends or overwrites the file if it exists. See below.  If the option  -h  is  speci‐\nfied, dump also the contents of the scrollback buffer.\n\nhardcopyappend [ on | off ]\n\nIf  set  to  \"on\", screen will append to the \"hardcopy.n\" files created by the command C-a h,\notherwise these files are overwritten each time.  Default is `off'.\n\nhardcopydir directory\n\nDefines a directory where hardcopy files will be placed. If unset, hardcopys  are  dumped  in\nscreen's current working directory.\n\n#### hardstatus [ on | off ]\n\n#### hardstatus [ always ] firstline | lastline | message | ignore [ string ]\n\n#### hardstatus string [ string ]\n\nThis  command  configures  the use and emulation of the terminal's hardstatus line. The first\nform toggles whether screen will use the hardware status line to  display  messages.  If  the\nflag  is set to `off', these messages are overlaid in reverse video mode at the display line.\nThe default setting is `on'.\n\nThe second form tells screen what to do if the terminal doesn't have a hardstatus line  (i.e.\nthe  termcap/terminfo  capabilities  \"hs\",  \"ts\",  \"fs\"  and  \"ds\" are not set).  When first‐\nline/lastline is used, screen will reserve the first/last line of the display for  the  hard‐\nstatus.  message uses screen's message mechanism and ignore tells screen never to display the\nhardstatus.  If you prepend the word always to the type (e.g., alwayslastline),  screen  will\nuse the type even if the terminal supports a hardstatus.\n\nThe  third  form  specifies  the  contents  of  the hardstatus line.  '%h' is used as default\nstring, i.e., the stored hardstatus of the current window (settable via  ESC]0;<string>^G  or\nESC<string>ESC\\)  is displayed.  You can customize this to any string you like including the\nescapes from the STRING ESCAPES chapter. If you leave out the argument  string,  the  current\nstring is displayed.\n\nYou can mix the second and third form by providing the string as additional argument.\n\nheight [-w|-d] [lines [cols]]\n\nSet  the  display height to a specified number of lines. When no argument is given it toggles\nbetween 24 and 42 lines display. You can also specify a width if you want to change both val‐\nues.   The -w option tells screen to leave the display size unchanged and just set the window\nsize, -d vice versa.\n\nhelp[class]\n\nNot really a online help, but displays a help screen showing you all the key  bindings.   The\nfirst  pages  list  all the internal commands followed by their current bindings.  Subsequent\npages will display the custom commands, one command per key.  Press space  when  you're  done\nreading  each page, or return to exit early.  All other characters are ignored. If the -c op‐\ntion is given, display all bound commands for the specified command class.  See also  DEFAULT\nKEY BINDINGS section.\n\n#### history\n\nUsually  users  work  with a shell that allows easy access to previous commands.  For example\ncsh has the command !! to repeat the last command executed.  Screen  allows  you  to  have  a\nprimitive  way  of re-calling the command that started ...: You just type the first letter of\nthat command, then hit `C-a {' and screen tries to find a previous line that matches with the\n`prompt  character'  to  the left of the cursor. This line is pasted into this window's input\nqueue.  Thus you have a crude command history (made up by the visible window and its  scroll‐\nback buffer).\n\nhstatus status\n\nChange the window's hardstatus line to the string status.\n\nidle [timeout[cmd-args]]\n\nSets  a command that is run after the specified number of seconds inactivity is reached. This\ncommand will normally be the blanker command to create a screen blanker, but it  can  be  any\nscreen  command.   If no command is specified, only the timeout is set. A timeout of zero (or\nthe special timeout off) disables the timer.  If no arguments are given, the current settings\nare displayed.\n\n#### ignorecase [ on | off ]\n\nTell  screen  to ignore the case of characters in searches. Default is `off'. Without any op‐\ntions, the state of ignorecase is toggled.\n\n#### info\n\nUses the message line to display some information about the current window: the cursor  posi‐\ntion  in  the  form  (column,row) starting with (1,1), the terminal width and height plus the\nsize of the scrollback buffer in lines, like in  (80,24)+50,  the  current  state  of  window\nXON/XOFF flow control is shown like this (See also section FLOW CONTROL):\n\n┌─────────┬──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐\n│+flow    │ automatic flow control, currently on.                    │\n├─────────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤\n│-flow    │ automatic flow control, currently off.                   │\n├─────────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤\n│+(+)flow │ flow control enabled. Agrees with automatic control.     │\n├─────────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤\n│-(+)flow │ flow control disabled. Disagrees with automatic control. │\n├─────────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤\n│+(-)flow │ flow control enabled. Disagrees with automatic control.  │\n├─────────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤\n│-(-)flow │ flow control disabled. Agrees with automatic control.    │\n└─────────┴──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘\nThe  current  line  wrap  setting (`+wrap' indicates enabled, `-wrap' not) is also shown. The\nflags `ins', `org', `app', `log', `mon' or `nored' are displayed when the window is in insert\nmode,  origin  mode, application-keypad mode, has output logging, activity monitoring or par‐\ntial redraw enabled.\n\nThe currently active character set (G0, G1, G2, or G3) and in square  brackets  the  terminal\ncharacter  sets  that are currently designated as G0 through G3 is shown. If the window is in\nUTF-8 mode, the string UTF-8 is shown instead.\n\nAdditional modes depending on the type of the window are displayed at the end of  the  status\nline (See also chapter WINDOW TYPES).\n\nIf  the  state  machine  of the terminal emulator is in a non-default state, the info line is\nstarted with a string identifying the current state.\n\nFor system information use the time command.\n\ninsreg [key]\n\nNo longer exists, use paste instead.\n\n#### kill\n\nKill current window.\n\nIf there is an `exec' command running then it is killed. Otherwise the process  (shell)  run‐\nning  in  the  window receives a HANGUP condition, the window structure is removed and screen\n(your display) switches to another window.  When the last window is destroyed, screen  exits.\nAfter a kill screen switches to the previously displayed window.\n\nNote:  Emacs  users should keep this command in mind, when killing a line.  It is recommended\nnot to use C-a as the screen escape key or to rebind kill to C-a K.\n\n#### lastmsg\n\nRedisplay the last contents of the message/status line.  Useful if you're typing when a  mes‐\nsage appears, because  the message goes away when you press a key (unless your terminal has a\nhardware status line).  Refer to the commands msgwait and msgminwait for fine tuning.\n\nlayout new [title]\n\nCreate a new layout. The screen will change to one whole region and be switched to the  blank\nwindow.  From  here,  you  build the regions and the windows they show as you desire. The new\nlayout will be numbered with the smallest available integer, starting with zero. You can  op‐\ntionally give a title to your new layout.  Otherwise, it will have a default title of layout.\nYou can always change the title later by using the command layout title.\n\nlayout remove [n|title]\n\nRemove, or in other words, delete the specified layout. Either the number or the title can be\nspecified. Without either specification, screen will remove the current layout.\n\nRemoving a layout does not affect your set windows or regions.\n\n#### layout next\n\nSwitch to the next layout available\n\n#### layout prev\n\nSwitch to the previous layout available\n\nlayout select [n|title]\n\nSelect  the  desired  layout. Either the number or the title can be specified. Without either\nspecification, screen will prompt and ask which screen is desired. To see which  layouts  are\navailable, use the layout show command.\n\n#### layout show\n\nList  on  the message line the number(s) and title(s) of the available layout(s). The current\nlayout is flagged.\n\nlayout title [title]\n\nChange or display the title of the current layout. A string given will be used  to  name  the\nlayout. Without any options, the current title and number is displayed on the message line.\n\nlayout number [n]\n\nChange  or  display the number of the current layout. An integer given will be used to number\nthe layout. Without any options, the current number and title is  displayed  on  the  message\nline.\n\nlayout attach [title|:last]\n\nChange  or display which layout to reattach back to. The default is :last, which tells screen\nto reattach back to the last used layout just before detachment. By supplying  a  title,  You\ncan  instruct  screen to reattach to a particular layout regardless which one was used at the\ntime of detachment. Without any options, the layout to reattach to will be shown in the  mes‐\nsage line.\n\nlayout save [n|title]\n\nRemember  the current arrangement of regions. When used, screen will remember the arrangement\nof vertically and horizontally split regions. This arrangement is restored when a screen ses‐\nsion  is  reattached  or  switched  back  from a different layout. If the session ends or the\nscreen process dies, the layout arrangements are lost. The layout dump command should help in\nthis  siutation.  If  a  number or title is supplied, screen will remember the arrangement of\nthat particular layout. Without any options, screen will remember the current layout.\n\nSaving your regions can be done automatically by using the layout autosave command.\n\n#### layout autosave [ on | off]\n\nChange or display the status of automatcally saving layouts. The default is on, meaning  when\nscreen  is  detached or changed to a different layout, the arrangement of regions and windows\nwill be remembered at the time of change and restored upon return.  If  autosave  is  set  to\noff,  that  arrangement will only be restored to either to the last manual save, using layout\nsave, or to when the layout was first created, to a single region with a single window. With‐\nout either an on or off, the current status is displayed on the message line.\n\nlayout dump [filename]\n\nWrite  to  a  file the order of splits made in the current layout. This is useful to recreate\nthe order of your regions used in your current layout. Only the current layout  is  recorded.\nWhile  the  order  of  the regions are recorded, the sizes of those regions and which windows\ncorrespond to which regions are not. If no filename is specified, the default is layout-dump,\nsaved  in  the  directory that the screen process was started in. If the file already exists,\nlayout dump will append to that file. As an example:\n\nC-a : layout dump /home/user/.screenrc\n\nwill save or append the layout to the user's .screenrc file.\n\n#### license\n\nDisplay the disclaimer page. This is done whenever screen is started without  options,  which\nshould be often enough. See also the startupmessage command.\n\n#### lockscreen\n\nLock  this  display.  Call a screenlock program (/local/bin/lck or /usr/bin/lock or a builtin\nif no other is available). Screen does not accept any command keys until this program  termi‐\nnates.  Meanwhile processes in the windows may continue, as the windows are in the `detached'\nstate. The screenlock program may be changed through the environment variable $LOCKPRG (which\nmust  be  set  in the shell from which screen is started) and is executed with the user's uid\nand gid.\n\nWarning: When you leave other shells unlocked and you have no password  set  on  screen,  the\nlock  is  void: One could easily re-attach from an unlocked shell. This feature should rather\nbe called `lockterminal'.\n\n#### log [ on | off ]\n\nStart/stop writing output of the current window to a file screenlog.n in the window's default\ndirectory, where n is the number of the current window. This filename can be changed with the\n`logfile' command. If no parameter is given, the state of logging is toggled. The session log\nis  appended  to the previous contents of the file if it already exists. The current contents\nand the contents of the scrollback history are not included in the session log.   Default  is\n`off'.\n\nlogfile filename\n\nlogfile flush secs\n\nDefines the name the log files will get. The default is screenlog.%n. The second form changes\nthe number of seconds screen will wait before flushing the logfile buffer to the file-system.\nThe default value is 10 seconds.\n\n#### login [ on | off ]\n\nAdds or removes the entry in the utmp database file for the current window.  This controls if\nthe window is `logged in'.  When no parameter is given, the login state of the window is tog‐\ngled.   Additionally  to that toggle, it is convenient having a `log in' and a `log out' key.\nE.g. `bind I login on' and `bind O login off' will map these keys to be C-a I and C-a O.  The\ndefault  setting  (in  config.h.in) should be on for a screen that runs under suid-root.  Use\nthe deflogin command to change the default login state for new  windows.  Both  commands  are\nonly present when screen has been compiled with utmp support.\n\nlogtstamp [on|off]\n\nlogtstamp after [secs]\n\n#### logtstamp string\n\n[string]\n\nThis  command controls logfile time-stamp mechanism of screen.  If time-stamps are turned on,\nscreen adds a string containing the current time to the logfile after two minutes of inactiv‐\nity.   When  output  continues  and more than another two minutes have passed, a second time-\nstamp is added to document the restart of the output. You can change this  timeout  with  the\nsecond form of the command. The third form is used for customizing the time-stamp string (`--\n%n:%t -- time-stamp -- %M/%d/%y %c:%s --\\n' by default).\n\n#### mapdefault\n\nTell screen that the next input character should only be looked up in the default bindkey ta‐\nble. See also bindkey.\n\n#### mapnotnext\n\nLike mapdefault, but don't even look in the default bindkey table.\n\nmaptimeout [timeout]\n\nSet  the  inter-character  timer for input sequence detection to a timeout of timeout ms. The\ndefault timeout is 300ms. Maptimeout with no arguments shows the current setting.   See  also\nbindkey.\n\nmarkkeys string\n\nThis is a method of changing the keymap used for copy/history mode.  The string is made up of\noldchar=newchar pairs which are separated by `:'. Example: The string B=^B:F=^F  will  change\nthe keys `C-b' and `C-f' to the vi style binding (scroll up/down fill page).  This happens to\nbe the default binding for `B' and `F'.  The command markkeys h=^B:l=^F:$=^E  would  set  the\nmode  for an emacs-style binding.  If your terminal sends characters, that cause you to abort\ncopy mode, then this command may help by binding these characters to do nothing.   The  no-op\ncharacter  is  `@' and is used like this: markkeys @=L=H if you do not want to use the `H' or\n`L' commands any longer.  As shown in this example, multiple keys  can  be  assigned  to  one\nfunction in a single statement.\n\nmaxwin num\n\nSet  the  maximum  window number screen will create. Doesn't affect already existing windows.\nThe number can be increased only when there are no existing windows.\n\n#### meta\n\nInsert the command character (C-a) in the current window's input stream.\n\n#### monitor [ on | off ]\n\nToggles activity monitoring of windows.  When monitoring is turned on and an affected  window\nis  switched  into  the background, you will receive the activity notification message in the\nstatus line at the first sign of output and the window will also be marked with an `@' in the\nwindow-status display.  Monitoring is initially off for all windows.\n\n#### mousetrack [ on | off ]\n\nThis  command determines whether screen will watch for mouse clicks. When this command is en‐\nabled, regions that have been split in various ways can be selected by pointing to them  with\na mouse and left-clicking them. Without specifying on or off, the current state is displayed.\nThe default state is determined by the defmousetrack command.\n\nmsgminwait sec\n\nDefines the time screen delays a new message when one message is  currently  displayed.   The\ndefault is 1 second.\n\nmsgwait sec\n\nDefines the time a message is displayed if screen is not disturbed by other activity. The de‐\nfault is 5 seconds.\n\n#### multiuser [ on | off ]\n\nSwitch between singleuser and multiuser mode. Standard screen  operation  is  singleuser.  In\nmultiuser  mode  the commands `acladd', `aclchg', `aclgrp' and `acldel' can be used to enable\n(and disable) other users accessing this screen session.\n\n#### nethack [ on | off ]\n\nChanges the kind of error messages used by screen.  When  you  are  familiar  with  the  game\nnethack,  you  may enjoy the nethack-style messages which will often blur the facts a little,\nbut are much funnier to read. Anyway, standard messages often tend to be unclear as well.\nThis option is only available if screen was compiled with the NETHACK flag defined.  The  de‐\nfault  setting is then determined by the presence of the environment variable $NETHACKOPTIONS\nand the file ~/.nethackrc - if either one is present, the default is on.\n\n#### next\n\nSwitch to the next window.  This command can be used repeatedly to cycle through the list  of\nwindows.\n\n#### nonblock [ on | off | numsecs ]\n\nTell screen how to deal with user interfaces (displays) that cease to accept output. This can\nhappen if a user presses ^S or a TCP/modem connection gets cut but no hangup is received.  If\nnonblock  is  off (this is the default) screen waits until the display restarts to accept the\noutput. If nonblock is on, screen waits until the timeout is reached (on is treated  as  1s).\nIf  the  display  still  doesn't receive characters, screen will consider it blocked and stop\nsending characters to it. If at some time it restarts to accept characters, screen  will  un‐\nblock the display and redisplay the updated window contents.\n\nnumber [[+|-]n]\n\nChange  the current window's number. If the given number n is already used by another window,\nboth windows exchange their numbers. If no argument is specified, the current  window  number\n(and title) is shown. Using `+' or `-' will change the window's number by the relative amount\nspecified.\n\nobuflimit [limit]\n\nIf the output buffer contains more bytes than the specified limit, no more data will be  read\nfrom  the windows. The default value is 256. If you have a fast display (like xterm), you can\nset it to some higher value. If no argument is specified, the current setting is displayed.\n\n#### only\n\nKill all regions but the current one.\n\n#### other\n\nSwitch to the window displayed previously. If this window does no longer exist, other has the\nsame effect as next.\n\n#### partial [ on | off ]\n\nDefines  whether  the  display should be refreshed (as with redisplay) after switching to the\ncurrent window. This command only affects the current window.  To immediately affect all win‐\ndows  use  the  allpartial  command.  Default is `off', of course.  This default is fixed, as\nthere is currently no defpartial command.\n\npassword [cryptedpw]\n\nPresent a crypted password in your .screenrc file and screen will ask for it, whenever  some‐\none  attempts  to  resume a detached.  This is useful if you have privileged programs running\nunder screen and you want to protect your session from reattach attempts by another user mas‐\nquerading  as  your  uid  (i.e.  any superuser.)  If no crypted password is specified, screen\nprompts twice for typing a password and places its encryption in the paste  buffer.   Default\nis `none', this disables password checking.\n\npaste [registers [destreg]]\n\nWrite  the  (concatenated) contents of the specified registers to the stdin queue of the cur‐\nrent window. The register '.' is treated as the paste buffer. If no parameter  is  given  the\nuser  is  prompted  for  a single register to paste.  The paste buffer can be filled with the\ncopy, history and readbuf commands.  Other registers can be filled with the register, readreg\nand paste commands.  If paste is called with a second argument, the contents of the specified\nregisters is pasted into the named destination register rather than the  window.  If  '.'  is\nused  as the second argument, the displays paste buffer is the destination.  Note, that paste\nuses a wide variety of resources: Whenever a second argument is specified no  current  window\nis  needed. When the source specification only contains registers (not the paste buffer) then\nthere need not be a current display (terminal attached), as the registers are  a  global  re‐\nsource. The paste buffer exists once for every user.\n\n#### pastefont [ on | off ]\n\nTell  screen  to  include  font information in the paste buffer. The default is not to do so.\nThis command is especially useful for multi character fonts like kanji.\n\npowbreak\n\nReopen the window's terminal line and send a break condition. See `break'.\n\npowdetach\n\nPower detach.  Mainly the same as detach, but also  sends  a  HANGUP  signal  to  the  parent\nprocess  of screen.  CAUTION: This will result in a logout, when screen was started from your\nlogin-shell.\n\npowdetachmsg [message]\n\nThe message specified here is output whenever a `Power detach' was performed. It may be  used\nas  a  replacement  for  a logout message or to reset baud rate, etc.  Without parameter, the\ncurrent message is shown.\n\n#### prev\n\nSwitch to the window with the next lower number.  This command can be used repeatedly to  cy‐\ncle through the list of windows.\n\nprintcmd [cmd]\n\nIf  cmd is not an empty string, screen will not use the terminal capabilities po/pf if it de‐\ntects an ansi print sequence ESC [ 5 i, but pipe the output into cmd.  This  should  normally\nbe  a  command like lpr or printcmd without a command displays the current setting.  The ansi\nsequence ESC \\ ends printing and closes the pipe.\n\nWarning: Be careful with this command! If other user have write access to your terminal, they\nwill be able to fire off print commands.\n\nprocess [key]\n\nStuff  the  contents  of  the specified register into screen's input queue. If no argument is\ngiven you are prompted for a register name. The text is parsed as if it  had  been  typed  in\nfrom the user's keyboard. This command can be used to bind multiple actions to a single key.\n\n#### quit\n\nKill  all  windows and terminate screen.  Note that on VT100-style terminals the keys C-4 and\nC-\\ are identical.  This makes the default bindings dangerous: Be careful not to type C-a C-4\nwhen  selecting  window  no. 4.  Use the empty bind command (as in bind '^\\') to remove a key\nbinding.\n\nreadbuf [encoding] [filename]\n\nReads the contents of the specified file into the paste buffer.  You can tell screen the  en‐\ncoding  of the file via the -e option.  If no file is specified, the screen-exchange filename\nis used.  See also bufferfile command.\n\nreadreg [encoding] [register [filename]]\n\nDoes one of two things, dependent on number of arguments: with zero or one arguments  it  du‐\nplicates the paste buffer contents into the register specified or entered at the prompt. With\ntwo arguments it reads the contents of the named file into  the  register,  just  as  readbuf\nreads  the  screen-exchange  file into the paste buffer.  You can tell screen the encoding of\nthe file via the -e option.  The following example will paste the system's password file into\nthe screen window (using register p, where a copy remains):\n\nC-a : readreg p /etc/passwd\nC-a : paste p\n\n#### redisplay\n\nRedisplay the current window. Needed to get a full redisplay when in partial redraw mode.\n\nregister [-eencoding]key-string\n\nSave  the  specified string to the register key.  The encoding of the string can be specified\nvia the -e option.  See also the paste command.\n\n#### remove\n\nKill the current region. This is a no-op if there is only one region.\n\n#### removebuf\n\nUnlinks the screen-exchange file used by the commands writebuf and readbuf.\n\n#### rendition [ bell | monitor | silence | so ] attr [ color ]\n\nChange the way screen renders the titles of windows that have monitor or bell  flags  set  in\ncaption  or  hardstatus  or  windowlist. See the STRING ESCAPES chapter for the syntax of the\nmodifiers.  The default for monitor is currently =b  (bold,  active  colors),  for  bell  =ub\n(underline, bold and active colors), and =u for silence.\n\n#### reset\n\nReset  the virtual terminal to its power-on values. Useful when strange settings (like scroll\nregions or graphics character set) are left over from an application.\n\nresize [-h|-v|-b|-l|-p] [[+|-] n[%] |=|max|min||0]\n\nResize the current region. The space will be removed from or added to the surrounding regions\ndepending  on  the order of the splits.  The available options for resizing are `-h'(horizon‐\ntal), `-v'(vertical), `-b'(both), `-l'(local to layer), and  `-p'(perpendicular).  Horizontal\nresizes  will  add  or remove width to a region, vertical will add or remove height, and both\nwill add or remove size from both dimensions. Local and perpendicular are similar to horizon‐\ntal  and  vertical,  but  they take in account of how a region was split.  If a region's last\nsplit was horizontal, a local resize will work like a vertical resize.  If  a  region's  last\nsplit  was vertical, a local resize will work like a horizontal resize. Perpendicular resizes\nwork in opposite of local resizes. If no option is specified, local is the default.\n\nThe amount of lines to add or remove can be expressed a couple of different ways. By specify‐\ning  a  number  n by itself will resize the region by that absolute amount. You can specify a\nrelative amount by prefixing a plus `+' or minus `-' to the amount, such as adding  +n  lines\nor removing -n lines. Resizing can also be expressed as an absolute or relative percentage by\npostfixing a percent sign `%'. Using zero `0' is a synonym for `min' and using an  underscore\n`' is a synonym for `max'.\n\nSome examples are:\n\nresize +N\nincrease current region by N\n\nresize -N\ndecrease current region by N\n\nresize  N\nset current region to N\n\nresize 20%\nset current region to 20% of original size\n\nresize +20%\nincrease current region by 20%\n\nresize -b =\nmake all windows equally\n\nresize  max\nmaximize current region\n\nresize  min\nminimize current region\n\nWithout  any  arguments,  screen will prompt for how you would like to resize the current re‐\ngion.\n\nSee focusminsize if you want to restrict the minimum size a region can have.\n\nscreen [-opts] [n] [cmd [args]|//group]\n\nEstablish a new window.  The flow-control options (-f, -fn and -fa),  title  (a.k.a.)  option\n(-t),  login options (-l and -ln) , terminal type option (-T <term>), the all-capability-flag\n(-a) and scrollback option (-h <num>) may be specified with each command.   The  option  (-M)\nturns  monitoring  on for this window.  The option (-L) turns output logging on for this win‐\ndow.  If an optional number n in the range 0..MAXWIN-1 is given, the window number n  is  as‐\nsigned  to the newly created window (or, if this number is already in-use, the next available\nnumber).  If a command is specified after screen, this command (with the given arguments)  is\nstarted  in  the window; otherwise, a shell is created.  If //group is supplied, a container-\ntype window is created in which other windows may be created inside it.\n\nThus, if your .screenrc contains the lines\n\n# example for .screenrc:\nscreen 1\nscreen -fn -t foobar -L 2 telnet foobar\n\nscreen creates a shell window (in window #1) and a window with a TELNET connection to the ma‐\nchine foobar (with no flow-control using the title foobar in window #2) and will write a log‐\nfile (screenlog.2) of the telnet session.  Note, that unlike previous versions of  screen  no\nadditional  default  window  is  created  when screen commands are included in your .screenrc\nfile. When the initialization is completed, screen switches to the last window  specified  in\nyour .screenrc file or, if none, opens a default window #0.\n\nScreen has built in some functionality of cu and telnet.  See also chapter WINDOW TYPES.\n\nscrollback num\n\nSet  the  size  of  the  scrollback  buffer for the current windows to num lines. The default\nscrollback is 100 lines.  See also the defscrollback command and use info to view the current\nsetting. To access and use the contents in the scrollback buffer, use the copy command.\n\nselect [WindowID]\n\nSwitch  to  the  window  identified by WindowID.  This can be a prefix of a window title (al‐\nphanumeric window name) or a window number.  The parameter is optional and  if  omitted,  you\nget prompted for an identifier.  When a new window is established, the first available number\nis assigned to this window.  Thus, the first window can be activated by select 0.  The number\nof  windows  is limited at compile-time by the MAXWIN configuration parameter (which defaults\nto 40).  There are two special WindowIDs, - selects the internal blank window and  .  selects\nthe current window. The latter is useful if used with screen's -X option.\n\nsessionname [name]\n\nRename the current session. Note, that for screen -list the name shows up with the process-id\nprepended. If the argument name is omitted, the name of this session is  displayed.  Caution:\nThe  $STY  environment variables will still reflect the old name in pre-existing shells. This\nmay result in confusion. Use of this command is generally discouraged. Use  the  -S  command-\nline  option  if you want to name a new session.  The default is constructed from the tty and\nhost names.\n\nsetenv [var [string]]\n\nSet the environment variable var to value string.  If only var is specified, the user will be\nprompted  to  enter  a  value.  If no parameters are specified, the user will be prompted for\nboth variable and value. The environment is inherited by all subsequently forked shells.\n\n#### setsid [ on | off ]\n\nNormally screen uses different sessions and process groups for  the  windows.  If  setsid  is\nturned off, this is not done anymore and all windows will be in the same process group as the\nscreen backend process. This also breaks job-control, so be careful.  The default is  on,  of\ncourse. This command is probably useful only in rare circumstances.\n\nshell command\n\nSet  the  command to be used to create a new shell.  This overrides the value of the environ‐\nment variable $SHELL.  This is useful if you'd like to run a tty-enhancer which is  expecting\nto  execute the program specified in $SHELL.  If the command begins with a '-' character, the\nshell will be started as a login-shell. Typical shells do only  minimal  initialization  when\nnot  started  as a login-shell.  E.g. Bash will not read your ~/.bashrc unless it is a login-\nshell.\n\nshelltitle title\n\nSet the title for all shells created during startup or by the C-A C-c command.   For  details\nabout what a title is, see the discussion entitled TITLES (naming windows).\n\n#### silence [ on | off | sec ]\n\nToggles  silence  monitoring of windows.  When silence is turned on and an affected window is\nswitched into the background, you will receive the silence notification message in the status\nline  after  a  specified  period of inactivity (silence). The default timeout can be changed\nwith the `silencewait' command or by specifying a number of seconds instead of `on' or `off'.\nSilence is initially off for all windows.\n\nsilencewait sec\n\nDefine  the  time that all windows monitored for silence should wait before displaying a mes‐\nsage. Default 30 seconds.\n\nsleep num\n\nThis command will pause the execution of a .screenrc file for num seconds.  Keyboard activity\nwill  end  the  sleep.   It may be used to give users a chance to read the messages output by\necho.\n\nslowpaste msec\n\nDefine the speed at which text is inserted into the current window by  the  paste  (\"C-a  ]\")\ncommand.   If  the slowpaste value is nonzero text is written character by character.  screen\nwill make a pause of msec milliseconds after each single character write to allow the  appli‐\ncation  to  process its input. Only use slowpaste if your underlying system exposes flow con‐\ntrol problems while pasting large amounts of text.\n\n#### sort\n\nSort the windows in alphabetical order of the window tiles.\n\nsource file\n\nRead and execute commands from file file. Source commands may be nested to a  maximum  recur‐\nsion  level of ten. If file is not an absolute path and screen is already processing a source\ncommand, the parent directory of the running source command file is used to  search  for  the\nnew command file before screen's current directory.\n\nNote  that  termcap/terminfo/termcapinfo  commands only work at startup and reattach time, so\nthey must be reached via the default screenrc files to have an effect.\n\nsorendition [attr[color]]\n\nThis command is deprecated. See \"rendition so\" instead.\n\nsplit[-v]\n\nSplit the current region into two new ones. All regions on the display are  resized  to  make\nroom  for  the new region. The blank window is displayed in the new region. The default is to\ncreate a horizontal split, putting the new regions on the top and bottom of each other. Using\n`-v'  will  create  a  vertical split, causing the new regions to appear side by side of each\nother.  Use the remove or the only command to delete regions.  Use focus  to  toggle  between\nregions.\n\nWhen  a region is split opposite of how it was previously split (that is, vertical then hori‐\nzontal or horizontal then vertical), a new layer is created. The layer is used to  group  to‐\ngether  the regions that are split the same. Normally, as a user, you should not see nor have\nto worry about layers, but they will affect how some commands (focus and resize) behave.\n\nWith this current implementation of screen, scrolling data will appear much slower in a  ver‐\ntically  split  region  than  one that is not. This should be taken into consideration if you\nneed to use system commands such as cat or tail -f.\n\nstartupmessage [ on | off ]\n\nSelect whether you want to see the copyright notice during startup.  Default is `on', as  you\nprobably noticed.\n\n#### status [ top | up | down | bottom ] [ left | right ]\n\nThe  status window by default is in bottom-left corner. This command can move status messages\nto any corner of the screen. top is the same as up, down is the same as bottom.\n\nstuff [string]\n\nStuff the string string in the input buffer of the current window.  This is  like  the  paste\ncommand but with much less overhead.  Without a parameter, screen will prompt for a string to\nstuff.  You cannot paste large buffers with the stuff command. It  is  most  useful  for  key\nbindings. See also bindkey.\n\nsu [username [password [password2]]]\n\nSubstitute the user of a display. The command prompts for all parameters that are omitted. If\npasswords are specified as parameters, they have to be specified un-crypted. The first  pass‐\nword  is  matched against the systems passwd database, the second password is matched against\nthe screen password as set with the commands acladd or password.  Su may be  useful  for  the\nscreen  administrator  to test multiuser setups.  When the identification fails, the user has\naccess to the commands available for user nobody.  These are detach, license,  version,  help\nand displays.\n\n#### suspend\n\nSuspend  screen.   The  windows  are in the `detached' state, while screen is suspended. This\nfeature relies on the shell being able to do job control.\n\nterm term\n\nIn each window's environment screen opens, the $TERM variable is set to  screen  by  default.\nBut  when  no description for screen is installed in the local termcap or terminfo data base,\nyou set $TERM to - say - vt100. This won't do much harm, as screen is VT100/ANSI  compatible.\nThe use of the term command is discouraged for non-default purpose.  That is, one may want to\nspecify special $TERM settings (e.g. vt100) for the next screen rlogin othermachine  command.\nUse the command screen -T vt100 rlogin othermachine rather than setting and resetting the de‐\nfault.\n\ntermcap term terminal-tweaks[window-tweaks]\n\nterminfo term terminal-tweaks[window-tweaks]\n\ntermcapinfo term terminal-tweaks[window-tweaks]\n\nUse this command to modify your terminal's termcap entry without going through all  the  has‐\nsles  involved  in  creating  a custom termcap entry.  Plus, you can optionally customize the\ntermcap generated for the windows.  You have to place these commands in one of  the  screenrc\nstartup files, as they are meaningless once the terminal emulator is booted.\n\nIf  your  system  uses  the terminfo database rather than termcap, screen will understand the\n`terminfo' command, which has the same effects as the `termcap' command.  Two  separate  com‐\nmands are provided, as there are subtle syntactic differences, e.g. when parameter interpola‐\ntion (using `%') is required. Note that termcap names of the capabilities  have  to  be  used\nwith the `terminfo' command.\n\nIn many cases, where the arguments are valid in both terminfo and termcap syntax, you can use\nthe command `termcapinfo', which is just a shorthand for a pair of `termcap'  and  `terminfo'\ncommands with identical arguments.\n\nThe  first  argument  specifies which terminal(s) should be affected by this definition.  You\ncan specify multiple terminal names by separating them with `|'s.  Use `*' to match all  ter‐\nminals and `vt*' to match all terminals that begin with vt.\n\nEach  tweak  argument contains one or more termcap defines (separated by `:'s) to be inserted\nat the start of the appropriate termcap entry, enhancing it or  overriding  existing  values.\nThe first tweak modifies your terminal's termcap, and contains definitions that your terminal\nuses to perform certain functions.  Specify a null string to leave this unchanged (e.g.  '').\nThe  second (optional) tweak modifies all the window termcaps, and should contain definitions\nthat screen understands (see the VIRTUAL TERMINAL section).\n\nSome examples:\n\ntermcap xterm*  LP:hs@\n\nInforms screen that all terminals that begin with `xterm' have firm auto-margins  that  allow\nthe  last position on the screen to be updated (LP), but they don't really have a status line\n(no 'hs' - append `@' to turn entries off).  Note that we assume `LP' for all terminal  names\nthat start with vt, but only if you don't specify a termcap command for that terminal.\ntermcap vt*  LP\n\ntermcap vt102|vt220  Z0=\\E[?3h:Z1=\\E[?3l\n\nSpecifies  the  firm-margined `LP' capability for all terminals that begin with `vt', and the\nsecond line will also add the escape-sequences to switch into  (Z0)  and  back  out  of  (Z1)\n132-character-per-line mode if this is a VT102 or VT220.  (You must specify Z0 and Z1 in your\ntermcap to use the width-changing commands.)\n\ntermcap vt100  \"\"  l0=PF1:l1=PF2:l2=PF3:l3=PF4\n\nThis leaves your vt100 termcap alone and adds the function key labels to each window's  term‐\ncap entry.\n\ntermcap h19|z19  am@:im=\\E@:ei=\\EO  dc=\\E[P\n\nTakes  a h19 or z19 termcap and turns off auto-margins (am@) and enables the insert mode (im)\nand end-insert (ei) capabilities (the `@' in the `im' string is after the `=', so it is  part\nof  the  string).  Having the `im' and `ei' definitions put into your terminal's termcap will\ncause screen to automatically advertise the  character-insert  capability  in  each  window's\ntermcap.   Each  window will also get the delete-character capability (dc) added to its term‐\ncap, which screen will translate into a line-update for the  terminal  (we're  pretending  it\ndoesn't support character deletion).\n\nIf  you  would  like to fully specify each window's termcap entry, you should instead set the\n$SCREENCAP variable prior to running screen.  See the discussion on the VIRTUAL  TERMINAL  in\nthis manual, and the termcap(5) man page for more information on termcap definitions.\n\ntime   [string]\n\nUses  the  message line to display the time of day, the host name, and the load averages over\n1, 5, and 15 minutes (if this is available on your system).  For window specific information,\nuse info.\n\nIf  a  string  is specified, it changes the format of the time report like it is described in\nthe STRING ESCAPES chapter. Screen uses a default of \"%c:%s %M %d %H%? %l%?\".\n\ntitle [windowtitle]\n\nSet the name of the current window to windowtitle. If no name is  specified,  screen  prompts\nfor one. This command was known as `aka' in previous releases.\n\n#### unbindall\n\nUnbind  all  the  bindings.  This  can be useful when screen is used solely for its detaching\nabilities, such as when letting a console application run as a daemon. If, for  some  reason,\nit is necessary to bind commands after this, use 'screen -X'.\n\nunsetenv var\n\nUnset an environment variable.\n\n#### utf8 [ on | off [ on | off ]]\n\nChange  the  encoding used in the current window. If utf8 is enabled, the strings sent to the\nwindow will be UTF-8 encoded and vice versa. Omitting the parameter toggles the setting. If a\nsecond parameter is given, the display's encoding is also changed (this should rather be done\nwith screen's -U option).  See also defutf8, which changes the default setting of a new  win‐\ndow.\n\n#### vbell [ on | off ]\n\nSets  the visual bell setting for this window. Omitting the parameter toggles the setting. If\nvbell is switched on, but your terminal does not support a visual bell, a `vbell-message'  is\ndisplayed  in  the status line when the bell character (^G) is received.  Visual bell support\nof a terminal is defined by the termcap variable `vb' (terminfo: 'flash').\n\nPer default, vbell is off, thus the audible bell is used.  See also `bellmsg'.\n\nvbellmsg [message]\n\nSets the visual bell message. message is printed to the status line if the window receives  a\nbell  character  (^G),  vbell  is set to on, but the terminal does not support a visual bell.\nThe default message is Wuff, Wuff!!.  Without a parameter, the current message is shown.\n\nvbellwait sec\n\nDefine a delay in seconds after each display of screen's visual bell message. The default  is\n1 second.\n\n#### verbose [ on | off ]\n\nIf  verbose is switched on, the command name is echoed, whenever a window is created (or res‐\nurrected from zombie state). Default is off.  Without a parameter,  the  current  setting  is\nshown.\n\n#### version\n\nPrint the current version and the compile date in the status line.\n\nwall message\n\nWrite a message to all displays. The message will appear in the terminal's status line.\n\nwidth [-w|-d] [cols [lines]]\n\nToggle  the  window width between 80 and 132 columns or set it to cols columns if an argument\nis specified.  This requires a capable terminal and the termcap entries Z0 and Z1.   See  the\ntermcap command for more information. You can also specify a new height if you want to change\nboth values.  The -w option tells screen to leave the display size unchanged and just set the\nwindow size, -d vice versa.\n\n#### windowlist [ -b ] [ -m ] [ -g ]\n\nwindowlist string [string]\n\nwindowlist title [title]\n\nDisplay all windows in a table for visual window selection.  If screen was in a window group,\nscreen will back out of the group and then display the windows in that group.  If the -b  op‐\ntion is given, screen will switch to the blank window before presenting the list, so that the\ncurrent window is also selectable.  The -m option changes the order of the  windows,  instead\nof sorting by window numbers screen uses its internal most-recently-used list.  The -g option\nwill show the windows inside any groups in that level and downwards.\n\nThe following keys are used to navigate in windowlist:\n\n\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nk, C-p, or up      Move up one line.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nj, C-n, or down    Move down one line.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-g or escape      Exit windowlist.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a or home        Move to the first line.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-e or end         Move to the last line.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-u or C-d         Move one half page up or down.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-b or C-f         Move one full page up or down.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n0..9               Using the number keys, move to the selected line.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nmouseclick         Move to the selected line. Available when  mouse‐\ntrack is set to on\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n/                  Search.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nn                  Repeat search in the forward direction.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nN                  Repeat search in the backward direction.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nm                  Toggle MRU.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n\ng                  Toggle group nesting.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\na                  All window view.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-h or backspace   Back out the group.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n,                  Switch numbers with the previous window.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n.                  Switch numbers with the next window.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nK                  Kill that window.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nspace or enter     Select that window.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\nThe  table  format can be changed with the string and title option, the title is displayed as\ntable heading, while the lines are made by using the string setting. The default  setting  is\nNum  Name%=Flags  for the title and %3n %t%=%f for the lines.  See the STRING ESCAPES chapter\nfor more codes (e.g. color settings).\n\nWindowlist needs a region size of at least 10 characters wide and 6 characters high in  order\nto display.\n\n#### windows [ string ]\n\nUses  the message line to display a list of all the windows.  Each window is listed by number\nwith the name of process that has been started in the window (or its title); the current win‐\ndow  is marked with a `*'; the previous window is marked with a `-'; all the windows that are\nlogged in are marked with a `$'; a background window that has received a bell is marked  with\na  `!'; a background window that is being monitored and has had activity occur is marked with\nan `@'; a window which has output logging turned on is marked with `(L)'; windows occupied by\nother  users  are  marked with `&'; windows in the zombie state are marked with `Z'.  If this\nlist is too long to fit on the terminal's status line only the  portion  around  the  current\nwindow  is  displayed.   The optional string parameter follows the STRING ESCAPES format.  If\nstring parameter is passed, the output size is unlimited.  The default  command  without  any\nparameter is limited to a size of 1024 bytes.\n\n#### wrap [ on | off ]\n\nSets the line-wrap setting for the current window.  When line-wrap is on, the second consecu‐\ntive printable character output at the last column of a line will wrap to the  start  of  the\nfollowing  line.   As an added feature, backspace (^H) will also wrap through the left margin\nto the previous line.  Default is `on'. Without any options, the state of wrap is toggled.\n\nwritebuf [-e encoding] [filename]\n\nWrites the contents of the paste buffer to the  specified  file,  or  the  public  accessible\nscreen-exchange file if no filename is given. This is thought of as a primitive means of com‐\nmunication between screen users on the same host. If an encoding is specified the paste  buf‐\nfer is recoded on the fly to match the encoding.  The filename can be set with the bufferfile\ncommand and defaults to /tmp/screen-exchange.\n\n#### writelock [ on | off | auto]\n\nIn addition to access control lists, not all users may be able to write to the same window at\nonce.  Per  default, writelock is in `auto' mode and grants exclusive input permission to the\nuser who is the first to switch to the particular window. When he leaves  the  window,  other\nusers  may  obtain the writelock (automatically). The writelock of the current window is dis‐\nabled by the command writelock off. If the user issues the command writelock on he keeps  the\nexclusive write permission while switching to other windows.\n\n#### xoff\n\n#### xon\n\nInsert a CTRL-s / CTRL-q character to the stdin queue of the current window.\n\n#### zmodem [ off | auto | catch | pass ]\n\nzmodem sendcmd [string]\n\nzmodem recvcmd [string]\n\nDefine  zmodem  support  for screen. Screen understands two different modes when it detects a\nzmodem request: pass and catch.  If the mode is set to pass, screen will relay  all  data  to\nthe  attacher  until  the end of the transmission is reached.  In catch mode screen acts as a\nzmodem endpoint and starts the corresponding rz/sz commands. If the  mode  is  set  to  auto,\nscreen  will  use  catch  if  the window is a tty (e.g. a serial line), otherwise it will use\npass.\n\nYou can define the templates screen uses in catch mode via the second and the third form.\n\nNote also that this is an experimental feature.\n\nzombie [keys[onerror]]\n\nPer default screen windows are removed from the window list as soon as  the  windows  process\n(e.g. shell) exits. When a string of two keys is specified to the zombie command, `dead' win‐\ndows will remain in the list.  The kill command may be used to remove such a window. Pressing\nthe  first  key  in the dead window has the same effect. When pressing the second key, screen\nwill attempt to resurrect the window. The process that was initially running  in  the  window\nwill be launched again. Calling zombie without parameters will clear the zombie setting, thus\nmaking windows disappear when their process exits.\n\nAs the zombie-setting is manipulated globally for all windows, this command  should  probably\nbe called defzombie, but it isn't.\n\nOptionally  you  can  put  the word onerror after the keys. This will cause screen to monitor\nexit status of the process running in the window. If it exits normally ('0'), the window dis‐\nappears. Any other exit value causes the window to become a zombie.\n\nzombietimeout[seconds]\n\nPer  default  screen  windows are removed from the window list as soon as the windows process\n(e.g. shell) exits. If zombie keys are defined (compare with above  zombie  command),  it  is\npossible  to  also  set  a timeout when screen tries to automatically reconnect a dead screen\nwindow.\n\n### THE MESSAGE LINE\n\nScreen displays informational messages and other diagnostics in a message line.   While  this\nline is distributed to appear at the bottom of the screen, it can be defined to appear at the\ntop of the screen during compilation.  If your terminal has a  status  line  defined  in  its\ntermcap,  screen  will  use this for displaying its messages, otherwise a line of the current\nscreen will be temporarily overwritten and output will be momentarily interrupted.  The  mes‐\nsage  line  is  automatically  removed  after a few seconds delay, but it can also be removed\nearly (on terminals without a status line) by beginning to type.\n\nThe message line facility can be used by an application running  in  the  current  window  by\nmeans of the ANSI Privacy message control sequence.  For instance, from within the shell, try\nsomething like:\n\necho '<esc>^Hello world from window '$WINDOW'<esc>\\\\'\n\nwhere '<esc>' is an escape, '^' is a literal up-arrow, and '\\\\' turns  into  a  single  back‐\nslash.\n\n### WINDOW TYPES\n\nScreen  provides  three  different window types. New windows are created with screen's screen\ncommand (see also the entry in chapter CUSTOMIZATION). The first parameter to the screen com‐\nmand  defines  which  type  of  window is created. The different window types are all special\ncases of the normal type. They have been added in order to allow  screen  to  be  used  effi‐\nciently as a console multiplexer with 100 or more windows.\n\n\n•  The normal window contains a shell (default, if no parameter is given) or any other system\ncommand that could be executed from a shell (e.g.  slogin, etc...)\n\n\n•  If a tty (character special device) name (e.g. /dev/ttya) is specified as the first param‐\neter,  then  the window is directly connected to this device.  This window type is similar\nto screen cu -l /dev/ttya.  Read and write access is required on the device node,  an  ex‐\nclusive  open  is  attempted on the node to mark the connection line as busy.  An optional\nparameter is allowed consisting of a comma separated list of flags in the notation used by\nstty(1):\n\n<baudrate>\nUsually  300,  1200,  9600  or  19200. This affects transmission as well as receive\nspeed.\n\ncs8 or cs7\nSpecify the transmission of eight (or seven) bits per byte.\n\nixon or -ixon\nEnables (or disables) software flow-control (CTRL-S/CTRL-Q) for sending data.\n\nixoff or -ixoff\nEnables (or disables) software flow-control for receiving data.\n\nistrip or -istrip\nClear (or keep) the eight bit in each received byte.\n\nYou may want to specify as many of these options as applicable. Unspecified options  cause\nthe  terminal  driver to make up the parameter values of the connection.  These values are\nsystem dependent and may be in defaults or values saved from a previous connection.\n\nFor tty windows, the info command shows some of the modem  control  lines  in  the  status\nline.  These  may  include `RTS', `CTS', 'DTR', `DSR', `CD' and more.  This depends on the\navailable ioctl()'s and system header files as well as the on the physical capabilities of\nthe  serial board.  Signals that are logical low (inactive) have their name preceded by an\nexclamation mark (!), otherwise the signal is logical high  (active).   Signals  not  sup‐\nported by the hardware but available to the ioctl() interface are usually shown low.\n\nWhen  the CLOCAL status bit is true, the whole set of modem signals is placed inside curly\nbraces ({ and }).  When the CRTSCTS or TIOCSOFTCAR bit is set, the signals `CTS'  or  `CD'\nare shown in parenthesis, respectively.\n\nFor tty windows, the command break causes the Data transmission line (TxD) to go low for a\nspecified period of time. This is expected to be interpreted as break signal on the  other\nside.  No data is sent and no modem control line is changed when a break is issued.\n\n\n•  If  the  first  parameter is //telnet, the second parameter is expected to be a host name,\nand an optional third parameter may specify  a  TCP  port  number  (default  decimal  23).\nScreen  will  connect to a server listening on the remote host and use the telnet protocol\nto communicate with that server.\n\nFor telnet windows, the command info shows details about the connection in square brackets ([\nand ]) at the end of the status line.\n\nb      BINARY. The connection is in binary mode.\n\ne      ECHO. Local echo is disabled.\n\nc      SGA. The connection is in `character mode' (default: `line mode').\n\nt      TTYPE.  The  terminal type has been requested by the remote host.  Screen sends\nthe name screen unless instructed otherwise (see also the command `term').\n\nw      NAWS. The remote site is notified about window size changes.\n\nf      LFLOW. The remote host will send flow control information.  (Ignored at the mo‐\nment.)\n\nAdditional flags for debugging are x, t and n (XDISPLOC, TSPEED and NEWENV).\n\nFor telnet windows, the command break sends the telnet code IAC BREAK (decimal 243) to\nthe remote host.\n\n\nThis window type is only available if screen was compiled with the  ENABLETELNET  op‐\ntion defined.\n\n### STRING ESCAPES\n\nScreen provides an escape mechanism to insert information like the current time into messages\nor file names. The escape character is '%' with one exception: inside of a window's  hardsta‐\ntus '^%' ('^E') is used instead.\n\nHere is the full list of supported escapes:\n\n%      the escape character itself\n\nE      sets %? to true if the escape character has been pressed.\n\ne      encoding\n\nf      flags of the window, see windows for meanings of the various flags\n\nF      sets %? to true if the window has the focus\n\nh      hardstatus of the window\n\nH      hostname of the system\n\nn      window number\n\nP      sets %? to true if the current region is in copy/paste mode\n\nS      session name\n\ns      window size\n\nt      window title\n\nu      all other users on this window\n\nw      all  window  numbers and names. With '-' qualifier: up to the current window; with '+'\nqualifier: starting with the window after the current one.\n\nW      all window numbers and names except the current one\n\nx      the executed command including arguments running in this windows\n\nX      the executed command without arguments running in this windows\n\n?      the part to the next '%?' is displayed only if a '%' escape inside the part expands to\na non-empty string\n\n:      else part of '%?'\n\n=      pad  the  string  to the display's width (like TeX's hfill). If a number is specified,\npad to the percentage of the window's width.  A '0' qualifier tells  screen  to  treat\nthe number as absolute position.  You can specify to pad relative to the last absolute\npad position by adding a '+' qualifier or to pad relative to the right margin by using\n'-'.  The  padding truncates the string if the specified position lies before the cur‐\nrent position. Add the 'L' qualifier to change this.\n\n<      same as '%=' but just do truncation, do not fill with spaces\n\n>      mark the current text position for the next truncation. When screen needs to do  trun‐\ncation,  it  tries to do it in a way that the marked position gets moved to the speci‐\nfied percentage of the output area. (The area starts from the last absolute pad  posi‐\ntion  and ends with the position specified by the truncation operator.) The 'L' quali‐\nfier tells screen to mark the truncated parts with '...'.\n\n{      attribute/color modifier string terminated by the next }\n\n`      Substitute with the output of a 'backtick' command. The length qualifier is misused to\nidentify one of the commands.\n\nThe  'c'  and 'C' escape may be qualified with a '0' to make screen use zero instead of space\nas fill character. The '0' qualifier also makes the '=' escape use  absolute  positions.  The\n'n'  and  '=' escapes understand a length qualifier (e.g. '%3n'), 'D' and 'M' can be prefixed\nwith 'L' to generate long names, 'w' and 'W' also show the window flags if 'L' is given.\n\nAn attribute/color modifier is used to change the attributes or the color settings. Its  for‐\nmat is [attribute modifier] [color description]. The attribute modifier must be prefixed by a\nchange type indicator if it can be confused with a color description.  The  following  change\ntypes are known:\n\n+      add the specified set to the current attributes\n\n-      remove the set from the current attributes\n\n!      invert the set in the current attributes\n\n=      change the current attributes to the specified set\n\nThe  attribute  set  can  either be specified as a hexadecimal number or a combination of the\nfollowing letters:\n\nd      dim\nu      underline\nb      bold\nr      reverse\ns      /standout\nB      blinking\n\nColors are coded either as a hexadecimal number or two letters specifying the  desired  back‐\nground and foreground color (in that order). The following colors are known:\n\nk      black\nr      red\ng      green\ny      yellow\nb      blue\nm      magenta\nc      cyan\nw      white\nd      default color\n.      leave color unchanged\n\nThe  capitalized  versions  of the letter specify bright colors. You can also use the pseudo-\ncolor 'i' to set just the brightness and leave the color unchanged.\nA one digit/letter color description is treated as foreground or background  color  dependent\non the current attributes: if reverse mode is set, the background color is changed instead of\nthe foreground color.  If you don't like this, prefix the color with a ..  If  you  want  the\nsame behavior for two-letter color descriptions, also prefix them with a ..\nAs  a  special  case,  %{-}  restores the attributes and colors that were set before the last\nchange was made (i.e., pops one level of the color-change stack).\n\nExamples:\n\nG      set color to bright green\n\n+b r   use bold red\n\n= yd   clear all attributes, write in default color on yellow background.\n\n%-Lw%{= BW}%50>%n%f* %t%{-}%+Lw%<\nThe available windows centered at the current window and truncated  to  the  available\nwidth.  The current window is displayed white on blue.  This can be used with hardsta‐\ntus alwayslastline.\n\n%?%F%{.R.}%?%3n %t%? [%h]%?\nThe window number and title and the window's hardstatus, if one is set.   Also  use  a\nred background if this is the active focus. Useful for caption string.\n\n### FLOW-CONTROL\n\nEach window has a flow-control setting that determines how screen deals with the XON and XOFF\ncharacters (and perhaps the interrupt character).  When flow-control is  turned  off,  screen\nignores  the  XON and XOFF characters, which allows the user to send them to the current pro‐\ngram by simply typing them (useful for the emacs editor, for  instance).   The  trade-off  is\nthat  it  will  take longer for output from a normal program to pause in response to an XOFF.\nWith flow-control turned on, XON and XOFF characters are used to immediately pause the output\nof  the  current window.  You can still send these characters to the current program, but you\nmust use the appropriate two-character screen commands (typically  C-a  q  (xon)  and  C-a  s\n(xoff)).   The  xon/xoff commands are also useful for typing C-s and C-q past a terminal that\nintercepts these characters.\n\nEach window has an initial flow-control value set with either the -f option  or  the  defflow\n.screenrc  command. Per default the windows are set to automatic flow-switching.  It can then\nbe toggled between the three states 'fixed on', 'fixed  off'  and  'automatic'  interactively\nwith the flow command bound to \"C-a f\".\n\nThe automatic flow-switching mode deals with flow control using the TIOCPKT mode (like rlogin\ndoes). If the tty driver does not support TIOCPKT, screen tries to find out  the  right  mode\nbased  on the current setting of the application keypad - when it is enabled, flow-control is\nturned off and visa versa.  Of course, you can still manipulate  flow-control  manually  when\nneeded.\n\nIf you're running with flow-control enabled and find that pressing the interrupt key (usually\nC-c) does not interrupt the display until another 6-8 lines have  scrolled  by,  try  running\nscreen  with  the  interrupt  option  (add  the  interrupt  flag  to the flow command in your\n.screenrc, or use the -i command-line option).  This causes the output that screen has  accu‐\nmulated  from  the  interrupted  program to be flushed.  One disadvantage is that the virtual\nterminal's memory contains the non-flushed version of the output, which  in  rare  cases  can\ncause  minor  inaccuracies  in the output.  For example, if you switch screens and return, or\nupdate the screen with C-a l you would see the version of the output you  would  have  gotten\nwithout  interrupt being on.  Also, you might need to turn off flow-control (or use auto-flow\nmode to turn it off automatically) when running a program that expects you to type the inter‐\nrupt character as input, as it is possible to interrupt the output of the virtual terminal to\nyour physical terminal when flow-control is enabled.  If this happens, a  simple  refresh  of\nthe screen with C-a l will restore it.  Give each mode a try, and use whichever mode you find\nmore comfortable.\n\n#### TITLES (naming windows)\n\nYou can customize each window's name in the window display (viewed with the  windows  command\n(C-a  w))  by  setting it with one of the title commands.  Normally the name displayed is the\nactual command name of the program created in the window.  However, it is sometimes useful to\ndistinguish various programs of the same name or to change the name on-the-fly to reflect the\ncurrent state of the window.\n\nThe default name for all shell windows  can  be  set  with  the  shelltitle  command  in  the\n.screenrc  file,  while all other windows are created with a screen command and thus can have\ntheir name set with the -t option.  Interactively, there is the title-string  escape-sequence\n(<esc>kname<esc>\\)  and the title command (C-a A).  The former can be output from an applica‐\ntion to control the window's name under software control, and the latter will  prompt  for  a\nname  when  typed.  You can also bind pre-defined names to keys with the title command to set\nthings quickly without prompting. Changing title by this escape sequence can be controlled by\ndefdynamictitle and dynamictitle commands.\n\nFinally,  screen  has a shell-specific heuristic that is enabled by setting the window's name\nto search|name and arranging to have a null title escape-sequence output as a  part  of  your\nprompt.   The search portion specifies an end-of-prompt search string, while the name portion\nspecifies the default shell name for the window.  If the name ends in a `:' screen  will  add\nwhat  it  believes to be the current command running in the window to the end of the window's\nshell name (e.g. name:cmd).  Otherwise the current command name  supersedes  the  shell  name\nwhile it is running.\n\nHere's  how  it  works:   you must modify your shell prompt to output a null title-escape-se‐\nquence (<esc>k<esc>\\) as a part of your prompt.  The last part of your  prompt  must  be  the\nsame  as  the string you specified for the search portion of the title.  Once this is set up,\nscreen will use the title-escape-sequence to clear the previous command name  and  get  ready\nfor  the next command.  Then, when a newline is received from the shell, a search is made for\nthe end of the prompt.  If found, it will grab the first word after the  matched  string  and\nuse  it  as the command name.  If the command name begins with either '!', '%', or '^' screen\nwill use the first word on the following line (if found)  in  preference  to  the  just-found\nname.  This helps csh users get better command names when using job control or history recall\ncommands.\n\nHere's some .screenrc examples:\n\nscreen -t top 2 nice top\n\nAdding this line to your .screenrc would start a nice-d version of the top command in  window\n2 named top rather than nice.\n\nshelltitle '> |csh'\nscreen 1\n\nThese  commands  would  start  a  shell with the given shelltitle.  The title specified is an\nauto-title that would expect the prompt and the typed command to look something like the fol‐\nlowing:\n\n/usr/joe/src/dir> trn\n\n(it  looks  after  the '> ' for the command name).  The window status would show the name trn\nwhile the command was running, and revert to csh upon completion.\n\nbind R screen -t '% |root:' su\n\nHaving this command in your .screenrc would bind the key sequence C-a R to the su command and\ngive  it  an  auto-title  name  of root:.  For this auto-title to work, the screen could look\nsomething like this:\n\n% !em\nemacs file.c\n\nHere the user typed the csh history command !em which ran the previously entered  emacs  com‐\nmand.   The  window status would show root:emacs during the execution of the command, and re‐\nvert to simply root: at its completion.\n\nbind o title\nbind E title \"\"\nbind u title (unknown)\n\nThe first binding doesn't have any arguments, so it would prompt you for  a  title  when  you\ntype  C-a  o.   The  second binding would clear an auto-title's current setting (C-a E).  The\nthird binding would set the current window's title to (unknown) (C-a u).\n\nOne thing to keep in mind when adding a null title-escape-sequence to  your  prompt  is  that\nsome  shells  (like  the  csh)  count  all the non-control characters as part of the prompt's\nlength.  If these invisible characters aren't a multiple of 8 then  backspacing  over  a  tab\nwill  result  in  an  incorrect  display.  One way to get around this is to use a prompt like\nthis:\n\nset prompt='^[[0000m^[k^[\\% '\n\nThe escape-sequence <esc>[0000m not only normalizes the character attributes, but all the ze‐\nros  round  the length of the invisible characters up to 8.  Bash users will probably want to\necho the escape sequence in the PROMPTCOMMAND:\n\nPROMPTCOMMAND='printf \"\\033k\\033\\134\"'\n\n(I used \\134 to output a `\\' because of a bug in bash v1.04).\n\n### THE VIRTUAL TERMINAL\n\nEach window in a screen session emulates a VT100 terminal, with some extra  functions  added.\nThe VT100 emulator is hard-coded, no other terminal types can be emulated.\nUsually  screen  tries to emulate as much of the VT100/ANSI standard as possible. But if your\nterminal lacks certain capabilities, the emulation may not be complete. In these cases screen\nhas to tell the applications that some of the features are missing. This is no problem on ma‐\nchines using termcap, because screen can use the $TERMCAP variable to customize the  standard\nscreen termcap.\n\nBut  if you do a rlogin on another machine or your machine supports only terminfo this method\nfails. Because of this, screen offers a way to deal with these cases.  Here is how it works:\n\nWhen screen tries to figure out a terminal name for itself, it first looks for an entry named\nscreen.<term>, where <term> is the contents of your $TERM variable.  If no such entry exists,\nscreen tries screen (or screen-w if the terminal is wide (132 cols or more)).  If  even  this\nentry cannot be found, vt100 is used as a substitute.\n\nThe  idea  is  that  if  you have a terminal which doesn't support an important feature (e.g.\ndelete char or clear to EOS) you can build a new termcap/terminfo  entry  for  screen  (named\nscreen.<dumbterm>)  in which this capability has been disabled. If this entry is installed on\nyour machines you are able to do a rlogin and still keep the correct termcap/terminfo  entry.\nThe  terminal  name  is  put  in the $TERM variable of all new windows.  Screen also sets the\n$TERMCAP variable reflecting the capabilities of the virtual terminal emulated. Notice  that,\nhowever,  on  machines using the terminfo database this variable has no effect.  Furthermore,\nthe variable $WINDOW is set to the window number of each window.\n\nThe actual set of capabilities supported by the virtual terminal depends on the  capabilities\nsupported by the physical terminal.  If, for instance, the physical terminal does not support\nunderscore mode, screen does not put the `us' and `ue' capabilities into the window's  $TERM‐\nCAP  variable, accordingly.  However, a minimum number of capabilities must be supported by a\nterminal in order to run screen; namely scrolling, clear screen, and direct cursor addressing\n(in addition, screen does not run on hardcopy terminals or on terminals that over-strike).\n\nAlso, you can customize the $TERMCAP value used by screen by using the termcap .screenrc com‐\nmand, or by defining the variable $SCREENCAP prior to startup.  When the latter  is  defined,\nits  value  will be copied verbatim into each window's $TERMCAP variable.  This can either be\nthe full terminal definition, or a filename where the terminal screen  (and/or  screen-w)  is\ndefined.\n\nNote  that screen honors the terminfo .screenrc command if the system uses the terminfo data‐\nbase rather than termcap.\n\nWhen the boolean `G0' capability is present in the termcap entry for the  terminal  on  which\nscreen  has  been  called, the terminal emulation of screen supports multiple character sets.\nThis allows an application to make use of, for instance, the VT100 graphics character set  or\nnational  character  sets.  The following control functions from ISO 2022 are supported: lock\nshift G0 (SI), lock shift G1 (SO), lock shift G2, lock shift G3, single shift G2, and  single\nshift G3.  When a virtual terminal is created or reset, the ASCII character set is designated\nas G0 through G3.  When the `G0' capability is present,  screen  evaluates  the  capabilities\n`S0',  `E0',  and `C0' if present. `S0' is the sequence the terminal uses to enable and start\nthe graphics character set rather than SI.  `E0' is the  corresponding  replacement  for  SO.\n`C0'  gives  a  character  by  character translation string that is used during semi-graphics\nmode. This string is built like the `acsc' terminfo capability.\n\nWhen the `po' and `pf' capabilities are present in the terminal's termcap entry, applications\nrunning  in a screen window can send output to the printer port of the terminal.  This allows\na user to have an application in one window sending output to a printer connected to the ter‐\nminal,  while  all  other  windows are still active (the printer port is enabled and disabled\nagain for each chunk of output).  As a side-effect, programs running in different windows can\nsend  output to the printer simultaneously.  Data sent to the printer is not displayed in the\nwindow.  The info command displays a line starting `PRIN' while the printer is active.\n\nScreen maintains a hardstatus line for every window. If a window gets selected, the display's\nhardstatus will be updated to match the window's hardstatus line. If the display has no hard‐\nstatus the line will be displayed as a standard screen message.  The hardstatus line  can  be\nchanged  with  the ANSI Application Program Command (APC): ESC<string>ESC\\. As a convenience\nfor xterm users the sequence ESC]0..2;<string>^G is also accepted.\n\nSome capabilities are only put into the $TERMCAP variable of the virtual terminal if they can\nbe  efficiently  implemented  by  the physical terminal.  For instance, `dl' (delete line) is\nonly put into the $TERMCAP variable if the terminal supports either  delete  line  itself  or\nscrolling  regions. Note that this may provoke confusion, when the session is reattached on a\ndifferent terminal, as the value of $TERMCAP cannot be modified by parent processes.\n\nThe \"alternate screen\" capability is not enabled by default.   Set  the  altscreen  .screenrc\ncommand to enable it.\n\nThe  following  is  a  list  of control sequences recognized by screen.  (V) and (A) indicate\nVT100-specific and ANSI- or ISO-specific functions, respectively.\n\nESC E                      Next Line\n\nESC D                      Index\n\nESC M                      Reverse Index\n\nESC H                      Horizontal Tab Set\n\nESC Z                      Send VT100 Identification String\n\nESC 7                 (V)  Save Cursor and Attributes\n\nESC 8                 (V)  Restore Cursor and Attributes\n\nESC [s                (A)  Save Cursor and Attributes\n\nESC [u                (A)  Restore Cursor and Attributes\n\nESC c                      Reset to Initial State\n\nESC g                      Visual Bell\n\nESC Pn p                   Cursor Visibility (97801)\n\nPn = 6                     Invisible\n\nPn = 7                     Visible\n\nESC =                 (V)  Application Keypad Mode\n\nESC >                 (V)  Numeric Keypad Mode\n\nESC # 8               (V)  Fill Screen with E's\n\nESC \\                 (A)  String Terminator\n\nESC ^                 (A)  Privacy Message String (Message Line)\n\nESC !                      Global Message String (Message Line)\n\nESC k                      A.k.a. Definition String\n\nESC P                 (A)  Device Control String.  Outputs a string directly to the host ter‐\nminal without interpretation.\n\nESC                  (A)  Application Program Command (Hardstatus)\n\nESC ] 0 ; string ^G   (A)  Operating System Command (Hardstatus, xterm title hack)\n\nESC ] 83 ; cmd ^G     (A)  Execute  screen  command. This only works if multi-user support is\ncompiled into screen. The pseudo-user :window: is  used  to  check\nthe  access  control list. Use addacl :window: -rwx #? to create a\nuser with no rights and allow only the needed commands.\n\nControl-N             (A)  Lock Shift G1 (SO)\n\nControl-O             (A)  Lock Shift G0 (SI)\n\nESC n                 (A)  Lock Shift G2\n\nESC o                 (A)  Lock Shift G3\n\nESC N                 (A)  Single Shift G2\n\nESC O                 (A)  Single Shift G3\n\nESC ( Pcs             (A)  Designate character set as G0\n\nESC ) Pcs             (A)  Designate character set as G1\n\nESC * Pcs             (A)  Designate character set as G2\n\nESC + Pcs             (A)  Designate character set as G3\n\nESC [ Pn ; Pn H            Direct Cursor Addressing\n\nESC [ Pn ; Pn f            same as above\n\nESC [ Pn J                 Erase in Display\n\nPn = None or 0             From Cursor to End of Screen\n\nPn = 1                     From Beginning of Screen to Cursor\n\nPn = 2                     Entire Screen\n\nESC [ Pn K                 Erase in Line\n\nPn = None or 0             From Cursor to End of Line\n\nPn = 1                     From Beginning of Line to Cursor\n\nPn = 2                     Entire Line\n\nESC [ Pn X                 Erase character\n\nESC [ Pn A                 Cursor Up\n\nESC [ Pn B                 Cursor Down\n\nESC [ Pn C                 Cursor Right\n\nESC [ Pn D                 Cursor Left\n\nESC [ Pn E                 Cursor next line\n\nESC [ Pn F                 Cursor previous line\n\nESC [ Pn G                 Cursor horizontal position\n\nESC [ Pn `                 same as above\n\nESC [ Pn d                 Cursor vertical position\n\nESC [ Ps ;...; Ps m        Select Graphic Rendition\n\nPs = None or 0             Default Rendition\n\nPs = 1                     Bold\n\nPs = 2                (A)  Faint\n\nPs = 3                (A)  Standout Mode (ANSI: Italicized)\n\nPs = 4                     Underlined\n\nPs = 5                     Blinking\n\nPs = 7                     Negative Image\n\nPs = 22               (A)  Normal Intensity\n\nPs = 23               (A)  Standout  Mode  off  (ANSI:  Italicized\noff)\n\nPs = 24               (A)  Not Underlined\n\nPs = 25               (A)  Not Blinking\n\nPs = 27               (A)  Positive Image\n\nPs = 30               (A)  Foreground Black\n\nPs = 31               (A)  Foreground Red\n\nPs = 32               (A)  Foreground Green\n\nPs = 33               (A)  Foreground Yellow\n\nPs = 34               (A)  Foreground Blue\n\nPs = 35               (A)  Foreground Magenta\n\nPs = 36               (A)  Foreground Cyan\n\nPs = 37               (A)  Foreground White\n\nPs = 39               (A)  Foreground Default\n\nPs = 40               (A)  Background Black\n\nPs = ...\n\nPs = 49               (A)  Background Default\n\nESC [ Pn g                 Tab Clear\n\nPn = None or 0             Clear Tab at Current Position\n\nPn = 3                     Clear All Tabs\n\nESC [ Pn ; Pn r       (V)  Set Scrolling Region\n\nESC [ Pn I            (A)  Horizontal Tab\n\nESC [ Pn Z            (A)  Backward Tab\n\nESC [ Pn L            (A)  Insert Line\n\nESC [ Pn M            (A)  Delete Line\n\nESC [ Pn @            (A)  Insert Character\n\nESC [ Pn P            (A)  Delete Character\n\nESC [ Pn S                 Scroll Scrolling Region Up\n\nESC [ Pn T                 Scroll Scrolling Region Down\n\nESC [ Pn ^                 same as above\n\nESC [ Ps ;...; Ps h        Set Mode\n\nESC [ Ps ;...; Ps l        Reset Mode\n\nPs = 4                (A)  Insert Mode\n\nPs = 20               (A)  Automatic Linefeed Mode\n\nPs = 34                    Normal Cursor Visibility\n\nPs = ?1               (V)  Application Cursor Keys\n\nPs = ?3               (V)  Change Terminal Width to 132 columns\n\nPs = ?5               (V)  Reverse Video\n\nPs = ?6               (V)  Origin Mode\n\nPs = ?7               (V)  Wrap Mode\n\nPs = ?9                    X10 mouse tracking\n\nPs = ?25              (V)  Visible Cursor\n\nPs = ?47                   Alternate Screen (old xterm code)\n\nPs = ?1000            (V)  VT200 mouse tracking\n\nPs = ?1047                 Alternate Screen (new xterm code)\n\nPs = ?1049                 Alternate Screen (new xterm code)\n\nESC [ 5 i             (A)  Start relay to printer (ANSI Media Copy)\n\nESC [ 4 i             (A)  Stop relay to printer (ANSI Media Copy)\n\nESC [ 8 ; Ph ; Pw t        Resize the window to `Ph' lines and `Pw' columns (SunView special)\n\nESC [ c                    Send VT100 Identification String\n\nESC [ x                    Send Terminal Parameter Report\n\nESC [ > c                  Send VT220 Secondary Device Attributes String\n\nESC [ 6 n                  Send Cursor Position Report\n\n### INPUT TRANSLATION\n\nIn  order  to do a full VT100 emulation screen has to detect that a sequence of characters in\nthe input stream was generated by a keypress on the user's  keyboard  and  insert  the  VT100\nstyle  escape sequence. Screen has a very flexible way of doing this by making it possible to\nmap arbitrary commands on arbitrary sequences of characters. For standard VT100 emulation the\ncommand will always insert a string in the input buffer of the window (see also command stuff\nin the command table).  Because the sequences generated by a  keypress  can  change  after  a\nreattach  from a different terminal type, it is possible to bind commands to the termcap name\nof the keys.  Screen will insert the correct binding after each  reattach.  See  the  bindkey\ncommand for further details on the syntax and examples.\n\nHere  is the table of the default key bindings. The fourth is what command is executed if the\nkeyboard is switched into application mode.\n\n┌────────────────┬──────────────┬──────────┬──────────┐\n│Key name        │ Termcap name │ Command  │ App mode │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Cursor up       │ ku           │ \\033[A   │ \\033OA   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Cursor down     │ kd           │ \\033[B   │ \\033OB   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Cursor right    │ kr           │ \\033[C   │ \\033OC   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Cursor left     │ kl           │ \\033[D   │ \\033OD   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 0  │ k0           │ \\033[10~ │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 1  │ k1           │ \\033OP   │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 2  │ k2           │ \\033OQ   │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 3  │ k3           │ \\033OR   │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 4  │ k4           │ \\033OS   │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 5  │ k5           │ \\033[15~ │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 6  │ k6           │ \\033[17~ │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 7  │ k7           │ \\033[18~ │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 8  │ k8           │ \\033[19~ │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 9  │ k9           │ \\033[20~ │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 10 │ k;           │ \\033[21~ │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 11 │ F1           │ \\033[23~ │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 12 │ F2           │ \\033[24~ │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Home            │ kh           │ \\033[1~  │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│End             │ kH           │ \\033[4~  │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Insert          │ kI           │ \\033[2~  │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Delete          │ kD           │ \\033[3~  │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Page up         │ kP           │ \\033[5~  │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Page down       │ kN           │ \\033[6~  │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 0        │ f0           │ 0        │ \\033Op   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 1        │ f1           │ 1        │ \\033Oq   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 2        │ f2           │ 2        │ \\033Or   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 3        │ f3           │ 3        │ \\033Os   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 4        │ f4           │ 4        │ \\033Ot   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 5        │ f5           │ 5        │ \\033Ou   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 6        │ f6           │ 6        │ \\033Ov   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 7        │ f7           │ 7        │ \\033Ow   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 8        │ f8           │ 8        │ \\033Ox   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 9        │ f9           │ 9        │ \\033Oy   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad +        │ f+           │ +        │ \\033Ok   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad -        │ f-           │ -        │ \\033Om   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad *        │ f*           │ *        │ \\033Oj   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad /        │ f/           │ /        │ \\033Oo   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad =        │ fq           │ =        │ \\033OX   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad .        │ f.           │ .        │ \\033On   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad ,        │ f,           │ ,        │ \\033Ol   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad enter    │ fe           │ \\015     │ \\033OM   │\n└────────────────┴──────────────┴──────────┴──────────┘\n\n### SPECIAL TERMINAL CAPABILITIES\n\nThe following table describes all terminal capabilities that are recognized by screen and are\nnot  in  the termcap(5) manual.  You can place these capabilities in your termcap entries (in\n`/etc/termcap') or use them with the commands `termcap', `terminfo' and `termcapinfo' in your\nscreenrc  files.  It  is often not possible to place these capabilities in the terminfo data‐\nbase.\n\n#### LP   _(bool)\n\nobsolete because screen uses the standard 'xn' instead.\n\n#### Z0   _(str)\n\n#### Z1   _(str)\n\n#### WS   _(str)\n\nSunView(tm) example: '\\E[8;%d;%dt'.\n\n#### NF   _(bool)\n\nSame as 'flow off'. The opposite of this capability is 'nx'.\n\n#### G0   _(bool)\n\n#### S0   _(str)\n\n#### E0   _(str)\n\n#### C0   _(str)\n\nmore details.\n\n#### CS   _(str)\n\n#### CE   _(str)\n\n#### AN   _(bool)\n\n#### OL   _(num)\n\n#### KJ   _(str)\n\nings.\n\n#### AF   _(str)\n\nalmost always be set to '\\E[3%dm' ('\\E[3%p1%dm' on terminfo machines).\n\n#### AB   _(str)\n\n#### AX   _(bool)\n\n#### XC   _(str)\n\nMore details follow in the next section.\n\n#### XT   _(bool)\n\n#### C8   _(bool)\n\n#### TF   _(bool)\n\n### CHARACTER TRANSLATION\n\nScreen has a powerful mechanism to translate characters to arbitrary strings depending on the\ncurrent font and terminal type.  Use this feature if you want to work with a common  standard\ncharacter set (say ISO8851-latin1) even on terminals that scatter the more unusual characters\nover several national language font pages.\n\nSyntax:\nXC=<charset-mapping>{,,<charset-mapping>}\n<charset-mapping> := <designator><template>{,<mapping>}\n<mapping> := <char-to-be-mapped><template-arg>\n\nThe things in braces may be repeated any number of times.\n\nA <charset-mapping> tells screen how to map characters in font <designator> ('B': Ascii, 'A':\nUK, 'K': German, etc.)  to strings. Every <mapping> describes to what string a single charac‐\nter will be translated. A template mechanism is used, as most of the time the  codes  have  a\nlot in common (for example strings to switch to and from another charset). Each occurrence of\n'%' in <template> gets substituted with the <template-arg> specified together with the  char‐\nacter.  If your strings are not similar at all, then use '%' as a template and place the full\nstring in <template-arg>. A quoting mechanism was added to make it possible  to  use  a  real\n'%'. The '\\' character quotes the special characters '\\', '%', and ','.\n\nHere is an example:\n\ntermcap hp700 'XC=B\\E(K%\\E(B,\\304[,\\326\\\\\\\\,\\334]'\n\nThis  tells screen how to translate ISOlatin1 (charset 'B') upper case umlaut characters on a\nhp700 terminal that has a German charset. '\\304' gets translated to '\\E(K[\\E(B'  and  so  on.\nNote  that  this  line  gets  parsed *three* times before the internal lookup table is built,\ntherefore a lot of quoting is needed to create a single '\\'.\n\nAnother extension was added to allow more emulation: If a mapping translates the unquoted '%'\nchar, it will be sent to the terminal whenever screen switches to the corresponding <designa‐\ntor>. In this special case the template is assumed to be just '%' because the charset  switch\nsequence and the character mappings normally haven't much in common.\n\nThis example shows one use of the extension:\n\ntermcap xterm 'XC=K%,%\\E(B,[\\304,\\\\\\\\\\326,]\\334'\n\nHere, a part of the German ('K') charset is emulated on an xterm.  If screen has to change to\nthe 'K' charset, '\\E(B' will be sent to the terminal, i.e. the ASCII charset is used instead.\nThe  template  is  just '%', so the mapping is straightforward: '[' to '\\304', '\\' to '\\326',\nand ']' to '\\334'.\n\n### ENVIRONMENT\n\nCOLUMNS        Number of columns on the terminal (overrides termcap entry).\nHOME           Directory in which to look for .screenrc.\nLINES          Number of lines on the terminal (overrides termcap entry).\nLOCKPRG        Screen lock program.\nNETHACKOPTIONS Turns on nethack option.\nPATH           Used for locating programs to run.\nSCREENCAP      For customizing a terminal's TERMCAP value.\nSCREENDIR      Alternate socket directory.\nSCREENRC       Alternate user screenrc file.\nSHELL          Default shell program for opening windows (default /bin/sh).  See  also  shell\n.screenrc command.\nSTY            Alternate socket name.\nSYSSCREENRC    Alternate system screenrc file.\nTERM           Terminal name.\nTERMCAP        Terminal description.\nWINDOW         Window number of a window (at creation time).\n\n### FILES\n\n.../screen-4.?.??/etc/screenrc\n.../screen-4.?.??/etc/etcscreenrc Examples in the screen distribution package for private and\nglobal initialization files.\n$SYSSCREENRC\n/etc/screenrc                     screen initialization commands\n$SCREENRC\n$HOME/.screenrc                   Read in after /etc/screenrc\n$SCREENDIR/S-<login>\n/run/screen/S-<login>             Socket directories (default)\n/usr/tmp/screens/S-<login>        Alternate socket directories.\n<socket directory>/.termcap       Written by the \"termcap\" output function\n/usr/tmp/screens/screen-exchange  or\n/tmp/screen-exchange              screen `interprocess communication buffer'\nhardcopy.[0-9]                    Screen images created by the hardcopy function\nscreenlog.[0-9]                   Output log files created by the log function\n/usr/lib/terminfo/?/*             or\n/etc/termcap                      Terminal capability databases\n/run/utmp                         Login records\n$LOCKPRG                          Program that locks a terminal.\n\n### AUTHORS\n\nOriginally created by Oliver Laumann. For a long time maintained  and  developed  by  Juergen\nWeigert, Michael Schroeder, Micah Cowan and Sadrul Habib Chowdhury. Since 2015 maintained and\ndeveloped by Amadeusz  Slawinski  <amade@asmblr.net>  and  Alexander  Naumov  <alexandernau‐\nmov@opensuse.org>.\n\n### COPYLEFT\n\nCopyright (c) 2018-2022\nAlexander Naumov <alexandernaumov@opensuse.org>\nAmadeusz Slawinski <amade@asmblr.net>\nCopyright (c) 2015-2017\nJuergen Weigert <jnweiger@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>\nAlexander Naumov <alexandernaumov@opensuse.org>\nAmadeusz Slawinski <amade@asmblr.net>\nCopyright (c) 2010-2015\nJuergen Weigert <jnweiger@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>\nSadrul Habib Chowdhury <sadrul@users.sourceforge.net>\nCopyright (c) 2008, 2009\nJuergen Weigert <jnweiger@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>\nMichael Schroeder <mlschroe@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>\nMicah Cowan <micah@cowan.name>\nSadrul Habib Chowdhury <sadrul@users.sourceforge.net>\nCopyright (C) 1993-2003\nJuergen Weigert <jnweiger@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>\nMichael Schroeder <mlschroe@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>\nCopyright (C) 1987 Oliver Laumann\n\nThis  program  is  free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of\nthe GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation;  either  version\n3, or (at your option) any later version.\nThis  program  is  distributed  in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;\nwithout even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS  FOR  A  PARTICULAR  PURPOSE.\nSee the GNU General Public License for more details.\nYou  should  have  received  a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program\n(see the file COPYING); if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple  Place\n- Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA\n\n### CONTRIBUTORS\n\nMaarten ter Huurne <maarten@treewalker.org>,\nJussi Kukkonen <jussi.kukkonen@intel.com>,\nEric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>,\nThomas Renninger <treen@suse.com>,\nAxel Beckert <abe@deuxchevaux.org>,\nKen Beal <kbeal@amber.ssd.csd.harris.com>,\nRudolf Koenig <rfkoenig@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>,\nToerless Eckert <eckert@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>,\nWayne Davison <davison@borland.com>,\nPatrick Wolfe <pat@kai.com, kailand!pat>,\nBart Schaefer <schaefer@cse.ogi.edu>,\nNathan Glasser <nathan@brokaw.lcs.mit.edu>,\nLarry W. Virden <lvirden@cas.org>,\nHoward Chu <hyc@hanauma.jpl.nasa.gov>,\nTim MacKenzie <tym@dibbler.cs.monash.edu.au>,\nMarkku Jarvinen <mta@{cc,cs,ee}.tut.fi>,\nMarc Boucher <marc@CAM.ORG>,\nDoug Siebert <dsiebert@isca.uiowa.edu>,\nKen Stillson <stillson@tsfsrv.mitre.org>,\nIan Frechett <frechett@spot.Colorado.EDU>,\nBrian Koehmstedt <bpk@gnu.ai.mit.edu>,\nDon Smith <djs6015@ultb.isc.rit.edu>,\nFrank van der Linden <vdlinden@fwi.uva.nl>,\nMartin Schweikert <schweik@cpp.ob.open.de>,\nDavid Vrona <dave@sashimi.lcu.com>,\nE. Tye McQueen <tye%spillman.UUCP@uunet.uu.net>,\nMatthew Green <mrg@eterna.com.au>,\nChristopher Williams <cgw@pobox.com>,\nMatt Mosley <mattm@access.digex.net>,\nGregory Neil Shapiro <gshapiro@wpi.WPI.EDU>,\nJohannes Zellner <johannes@zellner.org>,\nPablo Averbuj <pablo@averbuj.com>.\n\n### AVAILABILITY\n\nThe    latest    official    release   of   screen   available   via   anonymous   ftp   from\nftp.gnu.org/gnu/screen/ or any other GNU distribution  site.  The  home  page  of  screen  is\nhttps://savannah.gnu.org/projects/screen/    and   the   git   repo   is   https://git.savan‐\nnah.gnu.org/cgit/screen.git.  If you want to help, send a note to screen-devel@gnu.org.\n\n### BUGS\n\n•  `dm' (delete mode) and `xs' are not handled correctly (they are ignored). `xn' is  treated\nas a magic-margin indicator.\n\n•  Screen has no clue about double-high or double-wide characters.  But this is the only area\nwhere vttest is allowed to fail.\n\n•  It is not possible to change the environment variable $TERMCAP when  reattaching  under  a\ndifferent terminal type.\n\n•  The support of terminfo based systems is very limited. Adding extra capabilities to $TERM‐\nCAP may not have any effects.\n\n•  Screen does not make use of hardware tabs.\n\n•  Screen must be installed as set-uid with owner root on most systems in order to be able to\ncorrectly change the owner of the tty device file for each window.  Special permission may\nalso be required to write the file /run/utmp.\n\n•  Entries in /run/utmp are not removed when screen is killed with SIGKILL.  This will  cause\nsome programs (like \"w\" or \"rwho\") to advertise that a user is logged on who really isn't.\n\n•  Screen may give a strange warning when your tty has no utmp entry.\n\n•  When  the modem line was hung up, screen may not automatically detach (or quit) unless the\ndevice driver is configured to send a HANGUP signal.  To detach a screen session  use  the\n-D or -d command line option.\n\n•  If  a  password  is set, the command line options -d and -D still detach a session without\nasking.\n\n•  Both breaktype and defbreaktype change the break generating method used  by  all  terminal\ndevices. The first should change a window specific setting, where the latter should change\nonly the default for new windows.\n\n•  When attaching to a multiuser session, the user's .screenrc  file  is  not  sourced.  Each\nuser's  personal settings have to be included in the .screenrc file from which the session\nis booted, or have to be changed manually.\n\n•  A weird imagination is most useful to gain full advantage of all the features.\n\nSend bug-reports, fixes, enhancements, t-shirts, money, beer & pizza to screen-devel@gnu.org.\n\n### SEE ALSO\n\n#### termcap(5), utmp(5), vi(1), captoinfo(1), tic(1), tty(4), pty(7)\n\nGNU Screen 4.9.0                             2022 Jan 30                                   SCREEN(1)\n\n"
        }
    ],
    "structuredContent": {
        "command": "SCREEN",
        "section": "",
        "mode": "man",
        "summary": "screen - screen manager with VT100/ANSI terminal emulation",
        "synopsis": "screen [ -options ] [ cmd [ args ] ]\nscreen -r [[pid.]tty[.host]]\nscreen -r sessionowner/[[pid.]tty[.host]]",
        "tldr_summary": null,
        "tldr_examples": [],
        "tldr_source": null,
        "flags": [
            {
                "flag": "-a",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "screen must redraw parts of the display in order to implement a function."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-A",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "tries to restore its old window sizes when attaching to resizable terminals (those with WS in its description, e.g. suncmd or some xterm)."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-c",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "override the default configuration file from $HOME/.screenrc to file."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-D",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "does not start screen, but detaches the elsewhere running screen session. It has the same effect as typing C-a d from screen's controlling terminal. -D is the equivalent to the power detach key. If no session can be detached, this option is ignored. In combi‐ nation with the -r/-R option more powerful effects can be achieved:"
            },
            {
                "flag": "-r",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "flag": "-R",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "flag": "-d",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "more than one session is available."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-r",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "flag": "-R",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "necessary detach and logout remotely first. If it was not running create it and no‐ tify the user. This is the author's favorite."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-D",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Note: It is always a good idea to check the status of your sessions by means of screen -list."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-e",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "specifies the command character to be x and the character generating a literal command character to y (when typed after the command character). The default is C-a and `a', which can be specified as -e^Aa. When creating a screen session, this option sets the default command character. In a multiuser session all users added will start off with this command character. But when attaching to an already running session, this option changes only the command character of the attaching user. This option is equivalent to either the commands defescape or escape respectively."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-f",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "turns flow-control on, off, or automatic switching mode. This can also be defined through the defflow .screenrc command."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-h",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Specifies the history scrollback buffer to be num lines high."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-i",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "flow-control is on. See the defflow .screenrc command for details. The use of this op‐ tion is discouraged."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-l",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "turns login mode on or off (for /run/utmp updating). This can also be defined through the deflogin .screenrc command."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-L",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "flag": "-m",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "session is enforced, regardless whether screen is called from within another screen ses‐ sion or not. This flag has a special meaning in connection with the `-d' option:"
            },
            {
                "flag": "-m",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "This is useful for system startup scripts."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-m",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "exits if the session terminates."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-O",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "affects auto-margin terminals without `LP'). This can also be set in your .screenrc by specifying `OP' in a termcap command."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-p",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Preselect a window. This is useful when you want to reattach to a specific window or you want to send a command via the -X option to a specific window. As with screen's select command, - selects the blank window. As a special case for reattach, = brings up the windowlist on the blank window, while a + will create a new window. The command will not be executed if the specified window could not be found."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-q",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "lows: 9 indicates a directory without sessions. 10 indicates a directory with running but not attachable sessions. 11 (or more) indicates 1 (or more) usable sessions. In combination with -r the exit value is as follows: 10 indicates that there is no session to resume. 12 (or more) indicates that there are 2 (or more) sessions to resume and you should specify which one to choose. In all other cases -q has no effect."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-Q",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "windows. The commands will send the response to the stdout of the querying process. If there was an error in the command, then the querying process will exit with a non-zero status. The commands that can be queried now are: echo info lastmsg number select time title windows"
            },
            {
                "flag": "-r",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "flag": "-r",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "resumes a detached screen session. No other options (except combinations with -d/-D) may be specified, though an optional prefix of [pid.]tty.host may be needed to distin‐ guish between multiple detached screen sessions. The second form is used to connect to another user's screen session which runs in multiuser mode. This indicates that screen should look for sessions in another user's directory. This requires setuid-root."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-R",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "screen is detached. Otherwise lists available sessions. -RR attempts to resume the youngest (in terms of creation time) detached screen session it finds. If successful, all other command-line options are ignored. If no detached session exists, starts a new session using the specified options, just as if -R had not been specified. The option is set by default if screen is run as a login-shell (actually screen uses -xRR in that case). For combinations with the -d/-D option see there. Note: Time-based session se‐ lection is a Debian addition."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-s",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "sets the default shell to the program specified, instead of the value in the environment variable $SHELL (or /bin/sh if not defined). This can also be defined through the shell .screenrc command. See also there."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-S",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "When creating a new session, this option can be used to specify a meaningful name for the session. This name identifies the session for screen -list and screen -r actions. It substitutes the default [tty.host] suffix. This name should not be longer then 80 sym‐ bols."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-t",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "sets the title (a.k.a.) for the default shell or specified program. See also the shelltitle .screenrc command."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-T",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "Set the $TERM environment variable using the specified term as opposed to the default setting of screen."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-U",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "stands UTF-8 encoded characters. It also sets the default encoding for new windows to `utf8'."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-v",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "flag": "-x",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "from within itself. But when cascading multiple screens, loops are not detected; take care."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-S",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": "specify the screen session if you have several screen sessions running. You can use the -d or -r option to tell screen to look only for attached or detached screen sessions. Note that this command doesn't work if the session is password protected."
            },
            {
                "flag": "-4",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "flag": "-6",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "flag": "-i",
                "long": null,
                "arg": null,
                "description": ""
            }
        ],
        "examples": [],
        "see_also": [],
        "section_outline": [
            {
                "name": "NAME",
                "lines": 4,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "SYNOPSIS",
                "lines": 6,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "DESCRIPTION",
                "lines": 56,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "GETTING STARTED",
                "lines": 22,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS",
                "lines": 2,
                "subsections": [
                    {
                        "name": "-a",
                        "lines": 2,
                        "flag": "-a"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-A",
                        "lines": 3,
                        "flag": "-A"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-c",
                        "lines": 2,
                        "flag": "-c"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-d -D",
                        "lines": 5,
                        "flag": "-D"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-d -r",
                        "lines": 1,
                        "flag": "-r"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-d -R",
                        "lines": 1,
                        "flag": "-R"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-d -RR",
                        "lines": 2,
                        "flag": "-d"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-D -r",
                        "lines": 1,
                        "flag": "-r"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-D -R",
                        "lines": 3,
                        "flag": "-R"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-D -RR",
                        "lines": 3,
                        "flag": "-D"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-e",
                        "lines": 8,
                        "flag": "-e"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-f -fn -fa",
                        "lines": 3,
                        "flag": "-f"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-h",
                        "lines": 2,
                        "flag": "-h"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-i",
                        "lines": 3,
                        "flag": "-i"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-l -ln",
                        "lines": 3,
                        "flag": "-l"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-ls",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-list",
                        "lines": 10
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-L",
                        "lines": 1,
                        "flag": "-L"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-Logfile",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-m",
                        "lines": 3,
                        "flag": "-m"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-d -m",
                        "lines": 2,
                        "flag": "-m"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-D -m",
                        "lines": 2,
                        "flag": "-m"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-O",
                        "lines": 3,
                        "flag": "-O"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-p",
                        "lines": 6,
                        "flag": "-p"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-q",
                        "lines": 6,
                        "flag": "-q"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-Q",
                        "lines": 14,
                        "flag": "-Q"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-r",
                        "lines": 1,
                        "flag": "-r"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-r",
                        "lines": 6,
                        "flag": "-r"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-R",
                        "lines": 8,
                        "flag": "-R"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-s",
                        "lines": 4,
                        "flag": "-s"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-S",
                        "lines": 5,
                        "flag": "-S"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-t",
                        "lines": 3,
                        "flag": "-t"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-T",
                        "lines": 3,
                        "flag": "-T"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-U",
                        "lines": 3,
                        "flag": "-U"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-v",
                        "lines": 1,
                        "flag": "-v"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-wipe",
                        "lines": 5
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-x",
                        "lines": 3,
                        "flag": "-x"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-X -S",
                        "lines": 5,
                        "flag": "-S"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-4",
                        "lines": 1,
                        "flag": "-4"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-6",
                        "lines": 1,
                        "flag": "-6"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "name": "DEFAULT KEY BINDINGS",
                "lines": 10,
                "subsections": [
                    {
                        "name": "C-a '              (select)",
                        "lines": 12
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a tab            (focus)",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C-a            (other)",
                        "lines": 9
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a a              (meta)",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a A              (title)",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a b,             (break)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C-b",
                        "lines": 5
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a c,             (screen)",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C              (clear)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a d,             (detach)",
                        "lines": 4
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a f,             (flow)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a F              (fit)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C-g            (vbell)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a h              (hardcopy)",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a H              (log)",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a i,             (info)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a k,             (kill)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C-k",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a l,             (redisplay)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a L              (login)",
                        "lines": 4
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a m,             (lastmsg)",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a M              (monitor)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a space,         (next)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C-n",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a N              (number)",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a backspace,     (prev)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C-p",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a q,             (xon)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a Q              (only)",
                        "lines": 4
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a r,             (wrap)",
                        "lines": 5
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a s,             (xoff)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a S              (split)",
                        "lines": 4
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a t,             (time)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C-t",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a v              (version)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C-v            (digraph)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a w,             (windows)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C-w",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a W              (width)",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a X              (remove)",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a z,             (suspend)",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a Z              (reset)",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a .              (dumptermcap)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a ?              (help)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a \\              (quit)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a :              (colon)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a [,             (copy)",
                        "lines": 15
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a >              (writebuf)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a <              (readbuf)",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a =              (removebuf)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a ,              (license)",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a ___              (silence)",
                        "lines": 13
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "name": "CUSTOMIZATION",
                "lines": 101,
                "subsections": [
                    {
                        "name": "allpartial [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 6
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "altscreen [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 54
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "autodetach [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 4
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "autonuke [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 21
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "bce [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 118
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "blanker",
                        "lines": 29
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "bumpleft",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "bumpright",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "c1 [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 45
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "cjkwidth [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "clear",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "collapse",
                        "lines": 18
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "compacthist [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "console [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 4
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "copy",
                        "lines": 7
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "left arrow",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "down arrow",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "up arrow",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "right arrow",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "0 (zero)",
                        "lines": 129
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "crlf [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 4
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "debug [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 5
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defc1 [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defautonuke [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 4
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defbce [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 17
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defdynamictitle [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 10
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defflow [ on | off | auto [ interrupt ]]",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-fa -i",
                        "lines": 1,
                        "flag": "-i"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defgr [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 17
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "deflog [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "deflogin [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 8
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defmonitor [ on | off]",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defmousetrack [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 23
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defsilence [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 8
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defutf8 [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defwrap [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 4
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defwritelock [ on | off | auto ]",
                        "lines": 10
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "dinfo",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "displays",
                        "lines": 86
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "dumptermcap",
                        "lines": 6
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "dynamictitle [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 100
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "fit",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "flow [ on | off | auto]",
                        "lines": 5
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "focus [ next | prev | up | down | left | right | top | bottom ]",
                        "lines": 41
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "gr [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 28
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "hardstatus [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "hardstatus [ always ] firstline | lastline | message | ignore [ string ]",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "hardstatus string [ string ]",
                        "lines": 36
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "history",
                        "lines": 20
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "ignorecase [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "info",
                        "lines": 39
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "kill",
                        "lines": 10
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "lastmsg",
                        "lines": 19
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "layout next",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "layout prev",
                        "lines": 8
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "layout show",
                        "lines": 33
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "layout autosave [ on | off]",
                        "lines": 20
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "license",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "lockscreen",
                        "lines": 11
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "log [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 15
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "login [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 12
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "logtstamp string",
                        "lines": 9
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "mapdefault",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "mapnotnext",
                        "lines": 25
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "meta",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "monitor [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 5
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "mousetrack [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 15
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "multiuser [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 4
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "nethack [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 7
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "next",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "nonblock [ on | off | numsecs ]",
                        "lines": 21
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "only",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "other",
                        "lines": 3
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "partial [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 28
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "pastefont [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 19
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "prev",
                        "lines": 19
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "quit",
                        "lines": 23
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "redisplay",
                        "lines": 7
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "remove",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "removebuf",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "rendition [ bell | monitor | silence | so ] attr [ color ]",
                        "lines": 5
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "reset",
                        "lines": 111
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "setsid [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 19
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "silence [ on | off | sec ]",
                        "lines": 25
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "sort",
                        "lines": 39
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "status [ top | up | down | bottom ] [ left | right ]",
                        "lines": 20
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "suspend",
                        "lines": 95
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "unbindall",
                        "lines": 8
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "utf8 [ on | off [ on | off ]]",
                        "lines": 6
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "vbell [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 18
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "verbose [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 4
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "version",
                        "lines": 14
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "windowlist [ -b ] [ -m ] [ -g ]",
                        "lines": 67
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "windows [ string ]",
                        "lines": 12
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "wrap [ on | off ]",
                        "lines": 13
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "writelock [ on | off | auto]",
                        "lines": 7
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "xoff",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "xon",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "zmodem [ off | auto | catch | pass ]",
                        "lines": 40
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "name": "THE MESSAGE LINE",
                "lines": 18,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "WINDOW TYPES",
                "lines": 87,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "STRING ESCAPES",
                "lines": 134,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "FLOW-CONTROL",
                "lines": 39,
                "subsections": [
                    {
                        "name": "TITLES (naming windows)",
                        "lines": 92
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "name": "THE VIRTUAL TERMINAL",
                "lines": 318,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "INPUT TRANSLATION",
                "lines": 99,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "SPECIAL TERMINAL CAPABILITIES",
                "lines": 6,
                "subsections": [
                    {
                        "name": "LP   _(bool)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Z0   _(str)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Z1   _(str)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "WS   _(str)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "NF   _(bool)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "G0   _(bool)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "S0   _(str)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "E0   _(str)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C0   _(str)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "CS   _(str)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "CE   _(str)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "AN   _(bool)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "OL   _(num)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "KJ   _(str)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "AF   _(str)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "AB   _(str)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "AX   _(bool)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "XC   _(str)",
                        "lines": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "XT   _(bool)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C8   _(bool)",
                        "lines": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "TF   _(bool)",
                        "lines": 1
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "name": "CHARACTER TRANSLATION",
                "lines": 45,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "ENVIRONMENT",
                "lines": 17,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "FILES",
                "lines": 20,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "AUTHORS",
                "lines": 5,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "COPYLEFT",
                "lines": 30,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "CONTRIBUTORS",
                "lines": 33,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "AVAILABILITY",
                "lines": 5,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "BUGS",
                "lines": 43,
                "subsections": []
            },
            {
                "name": "SEE ALSO",
                "lines": 1,
                "subsections": [
                    {
                        "name": "termcap(5), utmp(5), vi(1), captoinfo(1), tic(1), tty(4), pty(7)",
                        "lines": 1
                    }
                ]
            }
        ],
        "sections": {
            "NAME": {
                "content": "screen - screen manager with VT100/ANSI terminal emulation\n\n\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "SYNOPSIS": {
                "content": "screen [ -options ] [ cmd [ args ] ]\nscreen -r [[pid.]tty[.host]]\nscreen -r sessionowner/[[pid.]tty[.host]]\n\n\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "DESCRIPTION": {
                "content": "Screen  is  a full-screen window manager that multiplexes a physical terminal between several\nprocesses (typically interactive shells).  Each virtual terminal provides the functions of  a\nDEC  VT100  terminal  and, in addition, several control functions from the ISO 6429 (ECMA 48,\nANSI X3.64) and ISO 2022 standards (e.g. insert/delete line and support for multiple  charac‐\nter  sets).   There  is a scrollback history buffer for each virtual terminal and a copy-and-\npaste mechanism that allows moving text regions between windows.\n\nWhen screen is called, it creates a single window with a shell in it (or the  specified  com‐\nmand)  and  then  gets out of your way so that you can use the program as you normally would.\nThen, at any time, you can create new (full-screen) windows with other programs in them  (in‐\ncluding  more  shells), kill existing windows, view a list of windows, turn output logging on\nand off, copy-and-paste text between windows, view the  scrollback  history,  switch  between\nwindows  in whatever manner you wish, etc. All windows run their programs completely indepen‐\ndent of each other. Programs continue to run when their window is currently not  visible  and\neven when the whole screen session is detached from the user's terminal.  When a program ter‐\nminates, screen (per default) kills the window that contained it.  If this window was in  the\nforeground,  the  display  switches  to  the previous window; if none are left, screen exits.\nShells usually distinguish between running as login-shell or sub-shell.  Screen runs them  as\nsub-shells, unless told otherwise (See shell .screenrc command).\n\nEverything you type is sent to the program running in the current window.  The only exception\nto this is the one keystroke that is used to initiate a command to the  window  manager.   By\ndefault,  each command begins with a control-a (abbreviated C-a from now on), and is followed\nby one other keystroke.  The command character and all the key bindings can be fully  custom‐\nized to be anything you like, though they are always two characters in length.\n\nScreen  does  not understand the prefix C- to mean control, although this notation is used in\nthis manual for readability.  Please use the caret notation (^A instead of C-a) as  arguments\nto  e.g.  the escape command or the -e option.  Screen will also print out control characters\nin caret notation.\n\nThe standard way to create a new window is to type C-a c.  This creates a new window  running\na  shell and switches to that window immediately, regardless of the state of the process run‐\nning in the current window.  Similarly, you can create a new window with a custom command  in\nit  by  first binding the command to a keystroke (in your .screenrc file or at the C-a : com‐\nmand line) and then using it just like the C-a c command.  In addition, new  windows  can  be\ncreated by running a command like:\n\nscreen emacs prog.c\n\nfrom  a  shell  prompt within a previously created window.  This will not run another copy of\nscreen, but will instead supply the command name and its  arguments  to  the  window  manager\n(specified  in  the $STY environment variable) who will use it to create the new window.  The\nabove example would start the emacs editor (editing prog.c) and switch to its window. -  Note\nthat  you  cannot  transport environment variables from the invoking shell to the application\n(emacs in this case), because it is forked from the parent screen process, not from  the  in‐\nvoking shell.\n\nIf  /run/utmp  is  writable by screen, an appropriate record will be written to this file for\neach window, and removed when the window is terminated.  This  is  useful  for  working  with\ntalk,  script, shutdown, rsend, sccs and other similar programs that use the utmp file to de‐\ntermine who you are. As long as screen is active on your terminal, the terminal's own  record\nis removed from the utmp file. See also C-a L.\n\n\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "GETTING STARTED": {
                "content": "Before you begin to use screen you'll need to make sure you have correctly selected your ter‐\nminal type, just as you would for any other termcap/terminfo program.  (You can  do  this  by\nusing test for example.)\n\nIf  you're impatient and want to get started without doing a lot more reading, you should re‐\nmember this one command:  C-a ?.  Typing these two characters will  display  a  list  of  the\navailable  screen commands and their bindings. Each keystroke is discussed in the section DE‐\nFAULT KEY BINDINGS. The  manual  section  CUSTOMIZATION  deals  with  the  contents  of  your\n.screenrc.\n\nIf  your  terminal  is a true auto-margin terminal (it doesn't allow the last position on the\nscreen to be updated without scrolling the screen) consider using a version  of  your  termi‐\nnal's termcap that has automatic margins turned off. This will ensure an accurate and optimal\nupdate of the screen in all circumstances. Most terminals nowadays have magic margins  (auto‐\nmatic margins plus usable last column). This is the VT100 style type and perfectly suited for\nscreen.  If all you've got is a true auto-margin terminal screen will be content to  use  it,\nbut  updating  a character put into the last position on the screen may not be possible until\nthe screen scrolls or the character is moved into a safe position in some other way. This de‐\nlay can be shortened by using a terminal with insert-character capability.\n\n\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS": {
                "content": "Screen has the following command-line options:\n",
                "subsections": [
                    {
                        "name": "-a",
                        "content": "screen must redraw parts of the display in order to implement a function.\n",
                        "flag": "-a"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-A",
                        "content": "tries  to restore its old window sizes when attaching to resizable terminals (those with\nWS in its description, e.g. suncmd or some xterm).\n",
                        "flag": "-A"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-c",
                        "content": "override the default configuration file from $HOME/.screenrc to file.\n",
                        "flag": "-c"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-d -D",
                        "content": "does not start screen, but detaches the elsewhere running screen  session.  It  has  the\nsame  effect as typing C-a d from screen's controlling terminal. -D is the equivalent to\nthe power detach key.  If no session can be detached, this option is ignored. In  combi‐\nnation with the -r/-R option more powerful effects can be achieved:\n",
                        "flag": "-D"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-d -r",
                        "content": "",
                        "flag": "-r"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-d -R",
                        "content": "",
                        "flag": "-R"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-d -RR",
                        "content": "more than one session is available.\n",
                        "flag": "-d"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-D -r",
                        "content": "",
                        "flag": "-r"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-D -R",
                        "content": "necessary  detach and logout remotely first.  If it was not running create it and no‐\ntify the user. This is the author's favorite.\n",
                        "flag": "-R"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-D -RR",
                        "content": "Note: It is always a good idea to check the status of your sessions by means  of  screen\n-list.\n",
                        "flag": "-D"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-e",
                        "content": "specifies  the  command character to be x and the character generating a literal command\ncharacter to y (when typed after the command character).  The default is  C-a  and  `a',\nwhich  can  be specified as -e^Aa.  When creating a screen session, this option sets the\ndefault command character. In a multiuser session all users added will  start  off  with\nthis  command  character.  But when attaching to an already running session, this option\nchanges only the command character of the attaching user.  This option is equivalent  to\neither the commands defescape or escape respectively.\n",
                        "flag": "-e"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-f -fn -fa",
                        "content": "turns  flow-control  on,  off,  or  automatic  switching mode.  This can also be defined\nthrough the defflow .screenrc command.\n",
                        "flag": "-f"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-h",
                        "content": "Specifies the history scrollback buffer to be num lines high.\n",
                        "flag": "-h"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-i",
                        "content": "flow-control is on.  See the defflow .screenrc command for details.  The use of this op‐\ntion is discouraged.\n",
                        "flag": "-i"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-l -ln",
                        "content": "turns login mode on or off (for /run/utmp updating).  This can also be  defined  through\nthe deflogin .screenrc command.\n",
                        "flag": "-l"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-ls",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-list",
                        "content": "does not start screen, but prints a list of pid.tty.host strings and creation timestamps\nidentifying your screen sessions.  Sessions marked `detached' can be resumed with screen\n-r.  Those marked `attached' are running and have a controlling terminal. If the session\nruns in multiuser mode, it is marked `multi'. Sessions marked  as  `unreachable'  either\nlive on a different host or are `dead'.  An unreachable session is considered dead, when\nits name matches either the name of the local host, or the specified parameter, if  any.\nSee  the  -r flag for a description how to construct matches.  Sessions marked as `dead'\nshould be thoroughly checked and removed.  Ask your system administrator if you are  not\nsure. Remove sessions with the -wipe option.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-L",
                        "content": "",
                        "flag": "-L"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-Logfile",
                        "content": "By  default  logfile name is screenlog.0. You can set new logfile name with the -Logfile\noption.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-m",
                        "content": "session is enforced, regardless whether screen is called from within another screen ses‐\nsion or not. This flag has a special meaning in connection with the `-d' option:\n",
                        "flag": "-m"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-d -m",
                        "content": "This is useful for system startup scripts.\n",
                        "flag": "-m"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-D -m",
                        "content": "exits if the session terminates.\n",
                        "flag": "-m"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-O",
                        "content": "affects  auto-margin terminals without `LP').  This can also be set in your .screenrc by\nspecifying `OP' in a termcap command.\n",
                        "flag": "-O"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-p",
                        "content": "Preselect a window. This is useful when you want to reattach to a specific window or you\nwant  to  send a command via the -X option to a specific window. As with screen's select\ncommand, - selects the blank window. As a special case for reattach,  =  brings  up  the\nwindowlist on the blank window, while a + will create a new window. The command will not\nbe executed if the specified window could not be found.\n",
                        "flag": "-p"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-q",
                        "content": "lows:  9  indicates  a directory without sessions. 10 indicates a directory with running\nbut not attachable sessions. 11 (or more) indicates 1 (or  more)  usable  sessions.   In\ncombination  with -r the exit value is as follows: 10 indicates that there is no session\nto resume. 12 (or more) indicates that there are 2 (or more) sessions to resume and  you\nshould specify which one to choose.  In all other cases -q has no effect.\n",
                        "flag": "-q"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-Q",
                        "content": "windows. The commands will send the response to the stdout of the querying  process.  If\nthere  was  an error in the command, then the querying process will exit with a non-zero\nstatus.\n\nThe commands that can be queried now are:\necho\ninfo\nlastmsg\nnumber\nselect\ntime\ntitle\nwindows\n",
                        "flag": "-Q"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-r",
                        "content": "",
                        "flag": "-r"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-r",
                        "content": "resumes a detached screen session.  No other options (except  combinations  with  -d/-D)\nmay  be  specified, though an optional prefix of [pid.]tty.host may be needed to distin‐\nguish between multiple detached screen sessions.  The second form is used to connect  to\nanother  user's  screen session which runs in multiuser mode. This indicates that screen\nshould look for sessions in another user's directory. This requires setuid-root.\n",
                        "flag": "-r"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-R",
                        "content": "screen  is  detached.  Otherwise  lists  available sessions.  -RR attempts to resume the\nyoungest (in terms of creation time) detached screen session it finds.   If  successful,\nall other command-line options are ignored.  If no detached session exists, starts a new\nsession using the specified options, just as if -R had not been specified. The option is\nset  by  default  if  screen  is run as a login-shell (actually screen uses -xRR in that\ncase).  For combinations with the -d/-D option see there.  Note: Time-based session  se‐\nlection is a Debian addition.\n",
                        "flag": "-R"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-s",
                        "content": "sets the default shell to the program specified, instead of the value in the environment\nvariable $SHELL (or /bin/sh if not defined).  This can also be defined through the shell\n.screenrc command.  See also there.\n",
                        "flag": "-s"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-S",
                        "content": "When  creating  a  new session, this option can be used to specify a meaningful name for\nthe session. This name identifies the session for screen -list and screen -r actions. It\nsubstitutes  the  default [tty.host] suffix. This name should not be longer then 80 sym‐\nbols.\n",
                        "flag": "-S"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-t",
                        "content": "sets the title (a.k.a.) for the default  shell  or  specified  program.   See  also  the\nshelltitle .screenrc command.\n",
                        "flag": "-t"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-T",
                        "content": "Set  the  $TERM  environment variable using the specified term as opposed to the default\nsetting of screen.\n",
                        "flag": "-T"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-U",
                        "content": "stands  UTF-8  encoded  characters. It also sets the default encoding for new windows to\n`utf8'.\n",
                        "flag": "-U"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-v",
                        "content": "",
                        "flag": "-v"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-wipe",
                        "content": "does the same as screen -ls, but removes destroyed sessions instead of marking  them  as\n`dead'.   An  unreachable  session  is considered dead, when its name matches either the\nname of the local host, or the explicitly given parameter, if any.  See the -r flag  for\na description how to construct matches.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-x",
                        "content": "from within itself.  But when cascading multiple screens, loops are not  detected;  take\ncare.\n",
                        "flag": "-x"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-X -S",
                        "content": "specify the screen session if you have several screen sessions running. You can use  the\n-d  or  -r  option to tell screen to look only for attached or detached screen sessions.\nNote that this command doesn't work if the session is password protected.\n\n",
                        "flag": "-S"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-4",
                        "content": "",
                        "flag": "-4"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-6",
                        "content": "",
                        "flag": "-6"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "DEFAULT KEY BINDINGS": {
                "content": "As mentioned, each screen command consists of a C-a followed by  one  other  character.   For\nyour  convenience,  all commands that are bound to lower-case letters are also bound to their\ncontrol character counterparts (with the exception of C-a a; see below), thus, C-a c as  well\nas C-a C-c can be used to create a window. See section CUSTOMIZATION for a description of the\ncommand.\n\nThe following table shows the default key bindings. The trailing commas in boxes with  multi‐\nple keystroke entries are separators, not part of the bindings.\n\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────",
                "subsections": [
                    {
                        "name": "C-a '              (select)",
                        "content": "or number to switch to.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a \"              (windowlist -b)   Present  a  list  of  all\nwindows for selection.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a digit          (select 0-9)      Switch to window number 0\n- 9\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a -              (select -)        Switch to window number 0\n- 9, or to the blank win‐\ndow.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a tab            (focus)",
                        "content": "the   next  region.   See\nalso split, remove, only.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C-a            (other)",
                        "content": "played  previously.  Note\nthat  this  binding   de‐\nfaults   to  the  command\ncharacter  typed   twice,\nunless  overridden.   For\ninstance, if you use  the\noption -e]x, this command\nbecomes ]].\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a a              (meta)",
                        "content": "ter  (C-a) to window. See\nescape command.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a A              (title)",
                        "content": "name for the current win‐\ndow.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a b,             (break)",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C-b",
                        "content": "───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\nC-a B              (powbreak)       Reopen the terminal  line\nand send a break.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a c,             (screen)",
                        "content": "C-a C-c                              a  shell  and  switch  to\nthat window.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C              (clear)",
                        "content": "───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a d,             (detach)",
                        "content": "C-a C-d                              terminal.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a D D            (powdetach)      Detach and logout.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a f,             (flow)",
                        "content": "C-a C-f                              auto.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a F              (fit)",
                        "content": "current region size.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C-g            (vbell)",
                        "content": "bell mode.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a h              (hardcopy)",
                        "content": "current  window  to   the\nfile hardcopy.n.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a H              (log)",
                        "content": "the current window to the\nfile screenlog.n.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a i,             (info)",
                        "content": "C-a C-i                              dow.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a k,             (kill)",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C-k",
                        "content": "───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a l,             (redisplay)",
                        "content": "C-a C-l                              window.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a L              (login)",
                        "content": "slot. Available  only  if\nscreen  is  configured to\nupdate the utmp database.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a m,             (lastmsg)",
                        "content": "C-a C-m                              displayed  in the message\nline.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a M              (monitor)",
                        "content": "current window.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a space,         (next)",
                        "content": "C-a n,                               dow."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C-n",
                        "content": "───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a N              (number)",
                        "content": "tle)  of the current win‐\ndow.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a backspace,     (prev)",
                        "content": "C-a C-h,                             window  (opposite  of C-a\nC-a p,                               n)."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C-p",
                        "content": "───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a q,             (xon)",
                        "content": "C-a C-q                              current window.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a Q              (only)",
                        "content": "the  current  one.    See\nalso  split,  remove, fo‐\ncus.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a r,             (wrap)",
                        "content": "C-a C-r                              dow's  line-wrap  setting\n(turn  the  current  win‐\ndow's  automatic  margins\non and off).\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a s,             (xoff)",
                        "content": "C-a C-s;                             current window.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a S              (split)",
                        "content": "horizontally into two new\nones.  See also only, re‐\nmove, focus.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a t,             (time)",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C-t",
                        "content": "───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a v              (version)",
                        "content": "compilation date.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C-v            (digraph)",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a w,             (windows)",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a C-w",
                        "content": "───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a W              (width)",
                        "content": "───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a x or C-a C-x   (lockscreen)      Lock this terminal.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a X              (remove)",
                        "content": "See also split, only, fo‐\ncus.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a z,             (suspend)",
                        "content": "C-a C-z                              system must support  BSD-\nstyle job-control.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a Z              (reset)",
                        "content": "nal to its power-on  val‐\nues.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a .              (dumptermcap)",
                        "content": "file.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a ?              (help)",
                        "content": "───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a \\              (quit)",
                        "content": "minate screen.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a :              (colon)",
                        "content": "───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a [,             (copy)",
                        "content": "C-a C-[,                             mode.\nC-a esc\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n\n\n\nC-a C-],           (paste .)         Write the contents of the\nC-a ]                                paste buffer to the stdin\nqueue of the current win‐\ndow.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a {,             (history)         Copy and paste a previous\nC-a }                                (command) line.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a >              (writebuf)",
                        "content": "file.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a <              (readbuf)",
                        "content": "file into the paste  buf‐\nfer.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a =              (removebuf)",
                        "content": "C-a < and C-a >.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a ,              (license)",
                        "content": "from,  where  it  went to\nand why you can use it.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C-a ___              (silence)",
                        "content": "current  window for inac‐\ntivity.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a |              (split -v)        Split the current  region\nvertically  into  two new\nones.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a *              (displays)        Show  a  listing  of  all\ncurrently  attached  dis‐\nplays.\n───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "CUSTOMIZATION": {
                "content": "The socket directory defaults either to $HOME/.screen or simply to /tmp/screens or preferably\nto  /run/screen chosen at compile-time. If screen is installed setuid-root, then the adminis‐\ntrator should compile screen with an adequate (not NFS mounted) socket directory.  If  screen\nis  not  running  setuid-root, the user can specify any mode 700 directory in the environment\nvariable $SCREENDIR.\n\nWhen screen is invoked, it executes initialization commands from the files /etc/screenrc  and\ndefaults  that  can  be overridden in the following ways: for the global screenrc file screen\nsearches for the environment variable $SYSSCREENRC (this override feature may be disabled  at\ncompile-time).   The   user   specific   screenrc   file   is  searched  in  $SCREENRC,  then\n$HOME/.screenrc.  The command line option -c takes precedence over the  above  user  screenrc\nfiles.\n\nCommands in these files are used to set options, bind functions to keys, and to automatically\nestablish one or more windows at the beginning of your screen session.  Commands  are  listed\none per line, with empty lines being ignored.  A command's arguments are separated by tabs or\nspaces, and may be surrounded by single or double quotes.  A `#' turns the rest of  the  line\ninto  a  comment, except in quotes.  Unintelligible lines are warned about and ignored.  Com‐\nmands may contain references to environment variables. The syntax is the shell-like  \"$VAR  \"\nor  \"${VAR}\". Note that this causes incompatibility with previous screen versions, as now the\n'$'-character has to be protected with '\\' if no variable substitution shall be performed.  A\nstring in single-quotes is also protected from variable substitution.\n\nTwo  configuration  files are shipped as examples with your screen distribution: etc/screenrc\nand etc/etcscreenrc. They contain a number of useful examples for various commands.\n\nCustomization can also be done 'on-line'. To enter the command mode type `C-a :'.  Note  that\ncommands starting with def change default values, while others change current settings.\n\nThe following commands are available:\n\nacladd usernames [crypted-pw]\n\naddacl usernames\n\nEnable  users to fully access this screen session. Usernames can be one user or a comma sepa‐\nrated list of users. This command enables to attach to the screen session  and  performs  the\nequivalent  of `aclchg usernames +rwx \"#?\"'.  executed. To add a user with restricted access,\nuse the `aclchg' command below.  If an optional second parameter is supplied, it should be  a\ncrypted  password  for the named user(s). `Addacl' is a synonym to `acladd'.  Multi user mode\nonly.\n\naclchg usernames permbits list\n\nchacl usernames permbits list\n\nChange permissions for a comma separated list of users. Permission bits  are  represented  as\n`r', `w' and `x'. Prefixing `+' grants the permission, `-' removes it. The third parameter is\na comma separated list of commands and/or windows (specified either by number or title).  The\nspecial  list `#' refers to all windows, `?' to all commands. if usernames consists of a sin‐\ngle `*', all known users are affected.\n\nA command can be executed when the user has the `x' bit for it.  The user can type input to a\nwindow  when  he  has  its `w' bit set and no other user obtains a writelock for this window.\nOther bits are currently ignored.  To withdraw the writelock from another user in  window  2:\n`aclchg  username  -w+w  2'.   To  allow read-only access to the session: `aclchg username -w\n\"#\"'. As soon as a user's name is known to screen he can attach to the session and  (per  de‐\nfault)  has  full  permissions  for all command and windows. Execution permission for the acl\ncommands, `at' and others should also be removed or the user may be able to regain write per‐\nmission.   Rights  of  the  special  username  nobody cannot be changed (see the su command).\n`Chacl' is a synonym to `aclchg'.  Multi user mode only.\n\nacldel username\n\nRemove a user from screen's access control list. If currently attached, all the  user's  dis‐\nplays are detached from the session. He cannot attach again.  Multi user mode only.\n\naclgrp username [groupname]\n\nCreates  groups  of users that share common access rights. The name of the group is the user‐\nname of the group leader. Each member of the group inherits the permissions that are  granted\nto  the  group leader. That means, if a user fails an access check, another check is made for\nthe group leader.  A user is removed from all groups the  special  value  none  is  used  for\ngroupname.  If the second parameter is omitted all groups the user is in are listed.\n\naclumask [[ users ] +bits | [ users ] -bits... ]\n\numask [[ users ] +bits | [ users ] -bits... ]\n\nThis  specifies  the access other users have to windows that will be created by the caller of\nthe command.  Users may be no, one or a comma separated list of known usernames. If no  users\nare  specified,  a  list of all currently known users is assumed.  Bits is any combination of\naccess control bits allowed defined with the aclchg command. The special  username  ?  prede‐\nfines  the access that not yet known users will be granted to any window initially.  The spe‐\ncial username ?? predefines the access that not yet known users are granted to  any  command.\nRights  of  the special username nobody cannot be changed (see the su command).  `Umask' is a\nsynonym to `aclumask'.\n\nactivity message\n\nWhen any activity occurs in a background window that is being monitored,  screen  displays  a\nnotification in the message line.  The notification message can be re-defined by means of the\nactivity command.  Each occurrence of `%' in message is replaced by the number of the  window\nin which activity has occurred, and each occurrence of `^G' is replaced by the definition for\nbell in your termcap (usually an audible bell).  The default message is\n\n'Activity in window %n'\n\nNote that monitoring is off for all windows by default, but can be altered by use of the mon‐\nitor command (C-a M).\n",
                "subsections": [
                    {
                        "name": "allpartial [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "If  set  to on, only the current cursor line is refreshed on window change.  This affects all\nwindows and is useful for slow terminal lines. The previous setting of  full/partial  refresh\nfor  each  window  is  restored  with allpartial off.  This is a global flag that immediately\ntakes effect on all windows overriding the partial settings. It does not change  the  default\nredraw behavior of newly created windows.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "altscreen [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "If set to on, \"alternate screen\" support is enabled in virtual terminals, just like in xterm.\nInitial setting is `off'.\n\nat [identifier][#|*|%] command [args ... ]\n\nExecute a command at other displays or windows as if it had been entered there.   At  changes\nthe  context (the `current window' or `current display' setting) of the command. If the first\nparameter describes a non-unique context, the command will be executed multiple times. If the\nfirst  parameter  is of the form `identifier*' then identifier is matched against user names.\nThe command is executed once for each display of the selected user(s). If the first parameter\nis of the form `identifier%' identifier is matched against displays. Displays are named after\nthe ttys they attach. The prefix `/dev/' or `/dev/tty' may be omitted  from  the  identifier.\nIf  identifier has a `#' or nothing appended it is matched against window numbers and titles.\nOmitting an identifier in front of the `#', `*' or `%'-character selects all users,  displays\nor  windows because a prefix-match is performed. Note that on the affected display(s) a short\nmessage will describe what happened. Permission is checked for initiator of the  at  command,\nnot  for  the owners of the affected display(s).  Note that the '#' character works as a com‐\nment introducer when it is preceded by whitespace. This can be escaped by  prefixing  a  '\\'.\nPermission is checked for the initiator of the at command, not for the owners of the affected\ndisplay(s).\n\nCaveat: When matching against windows, the command is executed at least once per window. Com‐\nmands  that  change  the internal arrangement of windows (like other) may be called again. In\nshared windows the command will be repeated for each attached display. Beware,  when  issuing\ntoggle  commands  like login!  Some commands (e.g. process) require that a display is associ‐\nated with the target windows.  These commands may not work correctly under  at  looping  over\nwindows.\n\nattrcolor attrib [attribute/color-modifier]\n\nThis  command  can  be used to highlight attributes by changing the color of the text. If the\nattribute attrib is in use, the specified attribute/color modifier is  also  applied.  If  no\nmodifier  is given, the current one is deleted. See the STRING ESCAPES chapter for the syntax\nof the modifier. Screen understands two pseudo-attributes, i stands for high-intensity  fore‐\nground color and I for high-intensity background color.\n\nExamples:\n\nattrcolor b \"R\"\n\nChange the color to bright red if bold text is to be printed.\n\nattrcolor u \"-u b\"\n\nUse blue text instead of underline.\n\nattrcolor b \".I\"\n\nUse bright colors for bold text. Most terminal emulators do this already.\n\nattrcolor i \"+b\"\n\nMake bright colored text also bold.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "autodetach [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Sets  whether screen will automatically detach upon hangup, which saves all your running pro‐\ngrams until they are resumed with a screen -r command.  When turned off, a hangup signal will\nterminate screen and all the processes it contains. Autodetach is on by default.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "autonuke [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Sets  whether a clear screen sequence should nuke all the output that has not been written to\nthe terminal. See also obuflimit.\n\nbacktick id lifespan autorefresh cmd args...\n\nbacktick id\n\nProgram the backtick command with the numerical id id.  The output of such a command is  used\nfor substitution of the %` string escape. The specified lifespan is the number of seconds the\noutput is considered valid. After this time, the command is  run  again  if  a  corresponding\nstring  escape  is  encountered.  The autorefresh parameter triggers an automatic refresh for\ncaption and hardstatus strings after the specified number of seconds. Only the last  line  of\noutput is used for substitution.\n\nIf  both  the  lifespan  and the autorefresh parameters are zero, the backtick program is ex‐\npected to stay in the background and generate output once in a while.  In this case, the com‐\nmand  is  executed  right  away and screen stores the last line of output. If a new line gets\nprinted screen will automatically refresh the hardstatus or the captions.\n\nThe second form of the command deletes the backtick command with the numerical id id.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "bce [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Change background-color-erase setting. If bce is set to on,  all  characters  cleared  by  an\nerase/insert/scroll/clear operation will be displayed in the current background color. Other‐\nwise the default background color is used.\n\nbellmsg [message]\n\nWhen a bell character is sent to a background window, screen displays a notification  in  the\nmessage  line.   The notification message can be re-defined by this command.  Each occurrence\nof `%' in message is replaced by the number of the window to which a bell has been sent,  and\neach  occurrence  of  `^G' is replaced by the definition for bell in your termcap (usually an\naudible bell).  The default message is\n\n'Bell in window %n'\n\nAn empty message can be supplied to the bellmsg command to suppress output of a message line\n(bellmsg \"\").  Without parameter, the current message is shown.\n\nbind [class] key [command [args]]\n\nBind  a  command  to a key.  By default, most of the commands provided by screen are bound to\none or more keys as indicated in the DEFAULT KEY BINDINGS section, e.g. the command to create\na  new  window is bound to C-c and c.  The bind command can be used to redefine the key bind‐\nings and to define new bindings.  The key argument is either a single character, a  two-char‐\nacter  sequence of the form ^x (meaning C-x), a backslash followed by an octal number (speci‐\nfying the ASCII code of the character), or a backslash followed by a second  character,  such\nas \\^ or \\\\.  The argument can also be quoted, if you like.  If no further argument is given,\nany previously established binding for this key is removed.  The command argument can be  any\ncommand listed in this section.\n\nIf  a command class is specified via the -c option, the key is bound for the specified class.\nUse the command command to activate a class. Command classes can be used to  create  multiple\ncommand keys or multi-character bindings.\n\nSome examples:\n\nbind ' ' windows\nbind ^k\nbind k\nbind K kill\nbind ^f screen telnet foobar\nbind \\033 screen -ln -t root -h 1000 9 su\n\nwould  bind the space key to the command that displays a list of windows (so that the command\nusually invoked by C-a C-w would also be available as C-a space). The next three lines remove\nthe  default  kill  binding from C-a C-k and C-a k.  C-a K is then bound to the kill command.\nThen it binds C-f to the command create a window with a TELNET connection to foobar, and bind\nescape  to  the  command that creates an non-login window with a.k.a. root in slot #9, with a\nsuperuser shell and a scrollback buffer of 1000 lines.\n\nbind -c demo1 0 select 10\nbind -c demo1 1 select 11\nbind -c demo1 2 select 12\nbindkey \"^B\" command -c demo1\n\nmakes C-b 0 select window 10, C-b 1 window 11, etc.\n\nbind -c demo2 0 select 10\nbind -c demo2 1 select 11\nbind -c demo2 2 select 12\nbind - command -c demo2\n\nmakes C-a - 0 select window 10, C-a - 1 window 11, etc.\n\nbindkey [-d] [-m] [-a] [[-k|-t] string [cmd-args]]\n\nThis command manages screen's input translation tables. Every entry  in  one  of  the  tables\ntells screen how to react if a certain sequence of characters is encountered. There are three\ntables: one that should contain actions programmed by the user, one for the  default  actions\nused for terminal emulation and one for screen's copy mode to do cursor movement. See section\nINPUT TRANSLATION for a list of default key bindings.\n\nIf the -d option is given, bindkey modifies the default table, -m changes the copy mode table\nand  with  neither option the user table is selected.  The argument string is the sequence of\ncharacters to which an action is bound. This can either be a fixed string or a  termcap  key‐\nboard capability name (selectable with the -k option).\n\nSome  keys  on  a VT100 terminal can send a different string if application mode is turned on\n(e.g the cursor keys).  Such keys have two entries in the translation table. You  can  select\nthe application mode entry by specifying the -a option.\n\nThe  -t  option tells screen not to do inter-character timing. One cannot turn off the timing\nif a termcap capability is used.\n\nCmd can be any of screen's commands with an arbitrary number of args.  If cmd is omitted  the\nkey-binding is removed from the table.\n\nHere are some examples of keyboard bindings:\n\nbindkey -d\n\nShow all of the default key bindings. The application mode entries are marked with [A].\n\nbindkey -k k1 select 1\n\nMake the \"F1\" key switch to window one.\n\nbindkey -t foo stuff barfoo\n\nMake  \"foo\"  an abbreviation of the word \"barfoo\". Timeout is disabled so that users can type\nslowly.\n\nbindkey \"\\024\" mapdefault\n\nThis key-binding makes ^T an escape character for key-bindings. If you did  the  above  stuff\nbarfoo  binding,  you  can enter the word foo by typing ^Tfoo. If you want to insert a ^T you\nhave to press the key twice (i.e., escape the escape binding).\n\nbindkey -k F1 command\n\nMake the F11 (not F1!) key an alternative screen escape (besides ^A).\n\nbreak [duration]\n\nSend a break signal for duration*0.25 seconds to this window.  For non-Posix systems the time\ninterval may be rounded up to full seconds.  Most useful if a character device is attached to\nthe window rather than a shell process (See also chapter WINDOW TYPES). The maximum  duration\nof a break signal is limited to 15 seconds.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "blanker",
                        "content": "Activate  the  screen blanker. First the screen is cleared. If no blanker program is defined,\nthe cursor is turned off, otherwise, the program is started and it's output is written to the\nscreen.  The screen blanker is killed with the first keypress, the read key is discarded.\n\nThis command is normally used together with the idle command.\n\nblankerprg [program-args]\n\nDefines  a blanker program. Disables the blanker program if an empty argument is given. Shows\nthe currently set blanker program if no arguments are given.\n\nbreaktype [tcsendbreak|TIOCSBRK|TCSBRK]\n\nChoose one of the available methods of generating a break signal for terminal  devices.  This\ncommand  should  affect the current window only.  But it still behaves identical to defbreak‐\ntype. This will be changed in the future.  Calling breaktype with no parameter  displays  the\nbreak method for the current window.\n\nbufferfile [exchange-file]\n\nChange  the filename used for reading and writing with the paste buffer.  If the optional ar‐\ngument to the bufferfile command is omitted, the default  setting  (/tmp/screen-exchange)  is\nreactivated.   The  following  example  will paste the system's password file into the screen\nwindow (using the paste buffer, where a copy remains):\n\nC-a : bufferfile /etc/passwd\nC-a < C-a ]\nC-a : bufferfile\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "bumpleft",
                        "content": "Swaps window with previous one on window list.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "bumpright",
                        "content": "Swaps window with next one on window list.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "c1 [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Change c1 code processing. C1 on tells screen to treat the input characters between  128  and\n159  as  control  functions.   Such an 8-bit code is normally the same as ESC followed by the\ncorresponding 7-bit code. The default setting is to process c1 codes and can be changed  with\nthe defc1 command.  Users with fonts that have usable characters in the c1 positions may want\nto turn this off.\n\ncaption [ top | bottom ] always|splitonly[string]\n\ncaption string [string]\n\nThis command controls the display of the window captions. Normally a caption is only used  if\nmore  than  one window is shown on the display (split screen mode). But if the type is set to\nalways screen shows a caption even if only one window is displayed. The default is splitonly.\n\nThe second form changes the text used for the caption. You  can  use  all  escapes  from  the\nSTRING ESCAPES chapter. Screen uses a default of `%3n %t'.\n\nYou can mix both forms by providing a string as an additional argument.\n\nYou can have the caption displayed either at the top or bottom of the window.  The default is\nbottom.\n\ncharset set\n\nChange the current character set slot designation and charset mapping.  The first four  char‐\nacter  of  set are treated as charset designators while the fifth and sixth character must be\nin range '0' to '3' and set the GL/GR charset mapping. On every position a '.' may be used to\nindicate  that  the corresponding charset/mapping should not be changed (set is padded to six\ncharacters internally by appending '.'  chars). New windows have \"BBBB02\" as default charset,\nunless a encoding command is active.\nThe current setting can be viewed with the info command.\n\nchdir [directory]\n\nChange  the  current  directory of screen to the specified directory or, if called without an\nargument, to your home directory (the value of the environment variable $HOME).  All  windows\nthat  are  created  by means of the screen command from within .screenrc or by means of C-a :\nscreen ...  or C-a c use this as their default directory.   Without  a  chdir  command,  this\nwould be the directory from which screen was invoked.\n\nHardcopy  and log files are always written to the window's default directory, not the current\ndirectory of the process running in the window.  You can use this command multiple  times  in\nyour  .screenrc to start various windows in different default directories, but the last chdir\nvalue will affect all the windows you create interactively.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "cjkwidth [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Treat ambiguous width characters as full/half width.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "clear",
                        "content": "Clears the current window and saves its image to the scrollback buffer.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "collapse",
                        "content": "Reorders window on window list, removing number gaps between them.\n\ncolon [prefix]\n\nAllows you to enter .screenrc command lines. Useful for on-the-fly modification of key  bind‐\nings, specific window creation and changing settings. Note that the set keyword no longer ex‐\nists! Usually commands affect the current window rather than default settings for future win‐\ndows. Change defaults with commands starting with 'def...'.\n\nIf  you  consider this as the `Ex command mode' of screen, you may regard C-a esc (copy mode)\nas its `Vi command mode'.\n\ncommand [ -c class\"]\"\n\nThis command has the same effect as typing the screen escape character (^A). It  is  probably\nonly useful for key bindings.  If the -c option is given, select the specified command class.\nSee also bind and bindkey.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "compacthist [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "This tells screen whether to suppress trailing blank lines when scrolling up  text  into  the\nhistory buffer.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "console [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Grabs or un-grabs the machines console output to a window.  Note: Only the owner of /dev/con‐\nsole can grab the console output.  This command is only available if the machine supports the\nioctl TIOCCONS.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "copy",
                        "content": "Enter copy/scrollback mode. This allows you to copy text from the current window and its his‐\ntory into the paste buffer. In this mode a vi-like `full screen editor' is active:\nThe editor's movement keys are:\n\n\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nh, C-h,        move the cursor left."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "left arrow",
                        "content": "────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nj, C-n,        move the cursor down."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "down arrow",
                        "content": "────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nk, C-p,        move the cursor up."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "up arrow",
                        "content": "────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nl ('el'),      move the cursor right."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "right arrow",
                        "content": "────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "0 (zero)",
                        "content": "────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n+ and -        positions one line up and down.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nH, M and L     move the cursor to the leftmost  column  of  the\ntop, center or bottom line of the window.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n|              moves to the specified absolute column.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\ng or home      moves to the beginning of the buffer.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nG or end       moves  to  the specified absolute line (default:\nend of buffer).\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n%              jumps to the specified percentage of the buffer.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n^ or $         move to the leftmost column,  to  the  first  or\nlast non-whitespace character on the line.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nw, b, and e    move the cursor word by word.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nB, E           move the cursor WORD by WORD (as in vi).\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nf/F, t/T       move the cursor forward/backward to the next oc‐\ncurrence of the target. (eg, '3fy' will move the\ncursor to the 3rd 'y' to the right.)\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n; and ,        Repeat  the last f/F/t/T command in the same/op‐\nposite direction.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n\nC-e and C-y    scroll the display up/down  by  one  line  while\npreserving the cursor position.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-u and C-d    scroll  the  display  up/down  by  the specified\namount of lines while preserving the cursor  po‐\nsition. (Default: half screen-full).\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-b and C-f    scroll the display up/down a full screen.\n────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n\nNote:  Emacs  style  movement  keys can be customized by a .screenrc command.  (E.g. markkeys\n\"h=^B:l=^F:$=^E\") There is no simple method for a full emacs-style keymap, as  this  involves\nmulti-character codes.\n\nSome keys are defined to do mark and replace operations.\n\nThe  copy range is specified by setting two marks. The text between these marks will be high‐\nlighted. Press:\n\nspace or enter to set the first or second mark respectively. If mousetrack is  set  to\n`on', marks can also be set using left mouse click.\n\nY and y used to mark one whole line or to mark from start of line.\n\nW marks exactly one word.\n\nAny of these commands can be prefixed with a repeat count number by pressing digits\n\n0..9 which is taken as a repeat count.\n\nExample: C-a C-[ H 10 j 5 Y will copy lines 11 to 15 into the paste buffer.\n\nThe following search keys are defined:\n\n/ Vi-like search forward.\n\n? Vi-like search backward.\n\nC-a s Emacs style incremental search forward.\n\nC-r Emacs style reverse i-search.\n\nn Find next search pattern.\n\nN Find previous search pattern.\n\n\nThere  are  however some keys that act differently than in vi.  Vi does not allow one to yank\nrectangular blocks of text, but screen does. Press: c or C to set the left  or  right  margin\nrespectively. If no repeat count is given, both default to the current cursor position.\n\nExample: Try this on a rather full text screen:\n\nC-a [ M 20 l SPACE c 10 l 5 j C SPACE.\n\nThis  moves  one to the middle line of the screen, moves in 20 columns left, marks the begin‐\nning of the paste buffer, sets the left column, moves 5 columns down, sets the right  column,\nand then marks the end of the paste buffer. Now try:\n\nC-a [ M 20 l SPACE 10 l 5 j SPACE\n\nand notice the difference in the amount of text copied.\n\nJ  joins  lines.  It  toggles  between 4 modes: lines separated by a newline character (012),\nlines glued seamless, lines separated by a single whitespace and comma separated lines.  Note\nthat  you  can  prepend  the newline character with a carriage return character, by issuing a\ncrlf on.\n\nv or V is for all the vi users with :set numbers - it toggles the left margin between  column\n9 and 1. Press\n\na  before the final space key to toggle in append mode. Thus the contents of the paste buffer\nwill not be overwritten, but is appended to.\n\nA toggles in append mode and sets a (second) mark.\n\n> sets the (second) mark and writes the contents of the paste buffer to  the  screen-exchange\nfile (/tmp/screen-exchange per default) once copy-mode is finished.\n\nThis example demonstrates how to dump the whole scrollback buffer to that file: C-A [ g SPACE\nG $ >.\n\nC-g gives information about the current line and column.\n\nx or o exchanges the first mark and the current cursor position. You can use this  to  adjust\nan already placed mark.\n\nC-l ('el') will redraw the screen.\n\n@ does nothing. Does not even exit copy mode.\n\nAll keys not described here exit copy mode.\n\ncopyreg [key]\n\nNo longer exists, use readreg instead.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "crlf [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "This  affects  the  copying  of  text regions with the `C-a [' command. If it is set to `on',\nlines will be separated by the two character sequence `CR' - `LF'.  Otherwise (default)  only\n`LF' is used.  When no parameter is given, the state is toggled.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "debug [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Turns  runtime debugging on or off. If screen has been compiled with option -DDEBUG debugging\navailable and is turned on per default. Note that this command only affects debugging  output\nfrom  the  main  SCREEN  process  correctly. Debug output from attacher processes can only be\nturned off once and forever.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defc1 [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Same as the c1 command except that the default setting for new windows  is  changed.  Initial\nsetting is `on'.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defautonuke [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Same  as  the  autonuke  command except that the default setting for new displays is changed.\nInitial setting is `off'.  Note that you can use the special `AN' terminal capability if  you\nwant to have a dependency on the terminal type.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defbce [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Same  as  the bce command except that the default setting for new windows is changed. Initial\nsetting is `off'.\n\ndefbreaktype [tcsendbreak|TIOCSBRK|TCSBRK]\n\nChoose one of the available methods of generating a break signal for  terminal  devices.  The\npreferred  methods  are  tcsendbreak  and  TIOCSBRK.   The third, TCSBRK, blocks the complete\nscreen session for the duration of the break, but it may be the only  way  to  generate  long\nbreaks.   Tcsendbreak and TIOCSBRK may or may not produce long breaks with spikes (e.g. 4 per\nsecond). This is not only system-dependent, this also differs between serial  board  drivers.\nCalling defbreaktype with no parameter displays the current setting.\n\ndefcharset [set]\n\nLike  the  charset  command except that the default setting for new windows is changed. Shows\ncurrent default if called without argument.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defdynamictitle [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Set default behaviour for new windows regarding if screen should  change  window  title  when\nseeing proper escape sequence. See also \"TITLES (naming windows)\" section.\n\ndefescape xy\n\nSet the default command characters. This is equivalent to the escape except that it is useful\nmultiuser sessions only. In a multiuser session escape changes the command character  of  the\ncalling  user,  where defescape changes the default command characters for users that will be\nadded later.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defflow [ on | off | auto [ interrupt ]]",
                        "content": "Same as the flow command except that the default setting for new windows is changed.  Initial\nsetting is `auto'.  Specifying defflow auto interrupt is the same as the command-line options"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "-fa -i",
                        "content": "",
                        "flag": "-i"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defgr [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Same as the gr command except that the default setting for new windows  is  changed.  Initial\nsetting is `off'.\n\ndefhstatus [status]\n\nThe  hardstatus  line that all new windows will get is set to status.  This command is useful\nto make the hardstatus of every window display the window number or title or the like.   Sta‐\ntus may contain the same directives as in the window messages, but the directive escape char‐\nacter is '^E' (octal 005) instead of '%'.  This was done to make a misinterpretation of  pro‐\ngram  generated hardstatus lines impossible.  If the parameter status is omitted, the current\ndefault string is displayed.  Per default the hardstatus line of new windows is empty.\n\ndefencoding enc\n\nSame as the encoding command except that the default setting for new windows is changed. Ini‐\ntial setting is the encoding taken from the terminal.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "deflog [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Same  as  the log command except that the default setting for new windows is changed. Initial\nsetting is `off'.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "deflogin [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Same as the login command except that the default setting for new windows is changed. This is\ninitialized with `on' as distributed (see config.h.in).\n\ndefmode mode\n\nThe  mode  of each newly allocated pseudo-tty is set to mode.  Mode is an octal number.  When\nno defmode command is given, mode 0622 is used.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defmonitor [ on | off]",
                        "content": "Same as the monitor command except that the default setting for new windows is changed.  Ini‐\ntial setting is `off'.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defmousetrack [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Same  as  the  mousetrack command except that the default setting for new windows is changed.\nInitial setting is `off'.\n\ndefnonblock [ on | off | numsecs]\n\nSame as the nonblock command except that the default setting for displays is changed. Initial\nsetting is `off'.\n\ndefobuflimit limit\n\nSame  as  the  obuflimit command except that the default setting for new displays is changed.\nInitial setting is 256 bytes.  Note that you can use the special 'OL' terminal capability  if\nyou want to have a dependency on the terminal type.\n\ndefscrollback num\n\nSame  as  the  scrollback command except that the default setting for new windows is changed.\nInitial setting is 100.\n\ndefshell command\n\nSynonym to the shell .screenrc command. See there.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defsilence [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Same as the silence command except that the default setting for new windows is changed.  Ini‐\ntial setting is `off'.\n\ndefslowpaste msec\n\nSame  as  the  slowpaste  command except that the default setting for new windows is changed.\nInitial setting is 0 milliseconds, meaning `off'.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defutf8 [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Same as the utf8 command except that the default setting for new windows is changed.  Initial\nsetting is `on' if screen was started with -U, otherwise `off'.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defwrap [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Same  as  the  wrap  command except that the default setting for new windows is changed. Ini‐\ntially line-wrap is on and can be toggled with the wrap command (C-a r) or by means of \"C-a :\nwrap on|off\".\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "defwritelock [ on | off | auto ]",
                        "content": "Same  as  the  writelock  command except that the default setting for new windows is changed.\nInitially writelocks will off.\n\ndetach [-h]\n\nDetach the screen session (disconnect it from the terminal and put it into  the  background).\nThis  returns you to the shell where you invoked screen.  A detached screen can be resumed by\ninvoking screen with the -r option (see also section COMMAND-LINE  OPTIONS).  The  -h  option\ntells screen to immediately close the connection to the terminal (hangup).\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "dinfo",
                        "content": "Show  what  screen  thinks  about your terminal. Useful if you want to know why features like\ncolor or the alternate charset don't work.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "displays",
                        "content": "Shows a tabular listing of all currently connected user front-ends (displays).  This is  most\nuseful for multiuser sessions.  The following keys can be used in displays list:\n\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nk, C-p, or up           Move up one line.\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nj, C-n, or down         Move down one line.\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a or home             Move to the first line.\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-e or end              Move to the last line.\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-u or C-d              Move one half page up or down.\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-b or C-f              Move one full page up or down.\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nmouseclick              Move to the selected line. Avail‐\nable when mousetrack  is  set  to\non.\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nspace                   Refresh the list\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nd                       Detach that display\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nD                       Power detach that display\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-g, enter, or escape   Exit the list\n──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\nThe following is an example of what displays could look like:\nxterm 80x42 jnweiger@/dev/ttyp4     0(m11)   &rWx\nfacit 80x24 mlschroe@/dev/ttyhf nb 11(tcsh)   rwx\nxterm 80x42 jnhollma@/dev/ttyp5     0(m11)   &R.x\n(A)   (B)     (C)     (D)     (E) (F)(G)   (H)(I)\n\nThe legend is as follows:\n\n(A) The terminal type known by screen for this display.\n\n(B) Displays geometry as width x height.\n\n(C) Username who is logged in at the display.\n\n(D) Device name of the display or the attached device\n\n(E)  Display  is in blocking or nonblocking mode.  The available modes are \"nb\", \"NB\",\n\"Z<\", \"Z>\", and \"BL\".\n\n(F) Number of the window\n\n(G) Name/title of window\n\n(H) Whether the window is shared\n\n(I) Window permissions. Made up of three characters.\n\n┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐\n│             Window permissions indicators              │\n├─────────────────┬──────────────────┬───────────────────┤\n│ 1st character   │  2nd character   │   3rd character   │\n├────┬────────────┼─────┬────────────┼─────┬─────────────┤\n│-   │no read     │ -   │no write    │ -   │no execute   │\n├────┼────────────┼─────┼────────────┼─────┼─────────────┤\n│r   │read        │ w   │write       │ x   │execute      │\n├────┼────────────┼─────┼────────────┼─────┼─────────────┤\n│    │            │ W   │own wlock   │     │             │\n├────┴────────────┴─────┴────────────┴─────┴─────────────┤\n│Indicators of permissions suppressed by a foreign wlock │\n├────┬────────────┬─────┬────────────┬─────┬─────────────┤\n│R   │read only   │ .   │no write    │     │             │\n└────┴────────────┴─────┴────────────┴─────┴─────────────┘\ndisplays needs a region size of at least 10 characters wide and 5 characters  high  in\norder to display.\n\ndigraph [preset[unicode-value]]\n\nThis  command  prompts  the  user  for  a digraph sequence. The next two characters typed are\nlooked up in a builtin table and the resulting character is inserted in the input stream. For\nexample,  if  the  user enters 'a\"', an a-umlaut will be inserted. If the first character en‐\ntered is a 0 (zero), screen will treat the following characters (up to  three)  as  an  octal\nnumber  instead.   The optional argument preset is treated as user input, thus one can create\nan umlaut key.  For example the command \"bindkey ^K digraph '\"'\" enables the user to generate\nan a-umlaut by typing CTRL-K a.  When a non-zero unicode-value is specified, a new digraph is\ncreated with the specified preset. The digraph is unset if a zero value is provided  for  the\nunicode-value.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "dumptermcap",
                        "content": "Write the termcap entry for the virtual terminal optimized for the currently active window to\nthe file .termcap in the user's $HOME/.screen directory (or wherever screen stores its  sock‐\nets. See the FILES section below).  This termcap entry is identical to the value of the envi‐\nronment variable $TERMCAP that is set up by screen for each window. For terminfo  based  sys‐\ntems you will need to run a converter like captoinfo and then compile the entry with tic.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "dynamictitle [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Change  behaviour  for  windows  regarding  if  screen should change window title when seeing\nproper escape sequence. See also \"TITLES (naming windows)\" section.\n\necho [-n] message\n\nThe echo command may be used to annoy screen users with a 'message of the day'. Typically in‐\nstalled in a global /etc/screenrc.  The option -n may be used to suppress the line feed.  See\nalso sleep.  Echo is also useful for online checking of environment variables.\n\nencoding enc [enc]\n\nTell screen how to interpret the input/output. The first argument sets the  encoding  of  the\ncurrent  window.  Each window can emulate a different encoding. The optional second parameter\noverwrites the encoding of the connected terminal. It should never be needed as  screen  uses\nthe locale setting to detect the encoding.  There is also a way to select a terminal encoding\ndepending on the terminal type by using the KJ termcap entry.\n\nSupported encodings are eucJP, SJIS, eucKR, eucCN, Big5, GBK, KOI8-R, KOI8-U, CP1251,  UTF-8,\nISO8859-2,  ISO8859-3,  ISO8859-4,  ISO8859-5,  ISO8859-6,  ISO8859-7,  ISO8859-8, ISO8859-9,\nISO8859-10, ISO8859-15, jis.\n\nSee also defencoding, which changes the default setting of a new window.\n\nescape xy\n\nSet the command character to x and the character generating a literal command  character  (by\ntriggering the meta command) to y (similar to the -e option).  Each argument is either a sin‐\ngle character, a two-character sequence of the form ^x (meaning C-x), a backslash followed by\nan  octal  number  (specifying the ASCII code of the character), or a backslash followed by a\nsecond character, such as \\^ or \\\\.  The default is ^Aa.\n\neval command1[command2 ...]\n\nParses and executes each argument as separate command.\n\nexec [[fdpat]newcommand [args ...]]\n\nRun a unix subprocess (specified by an executable path newcommand and its optional arguments)\nin  the current window. The flow of data between newcommands stdin/stdout/stderr, the process\noriginally started in the window (let us call it  \"application-process\")  and  screen  itself\n(window)  is  controlled  by  the file descriptor pattern fdpat.  This pattern is basically a\nthree character sequence representing stdin, stdout and stderr of newcommand. A dot (.)  con‐\nnects  the  file descriptor to screen.  An exclamation mark (!) causes the file descriptor to\nbe connected to the application-process. A colon (:) combines both.  User input  will  go  to\nnewcommand unless newcommand receives the application-process' output (fdpats first character\nis `!' or `:') or a pipe symbol (|) is added (as a fourth character) to the end of fdpat.\n\nInvoking `exec' without arguments shows name and arguments of the currently  running  subpro‐\ncess in this window. Only one subprocess a time can be running in each window.\n\nWhen  a  subprocess  is  running  the  `kill'  command  will affect it instead of the windows\nprocess.\n\nRefer to the postscript file `doc/fdpat.ps' for a confusing illustration of all  21  possible\ncombinations.  Each drawing shows the digits 2,1,0 representing the three file descriptors of\nnewcommand. The box marked `W' is the usual pty that has the application-process on its slave\nside.  The box marked `P' is the secondary pty that now has screen at its master side.\n\nAbbreviations:  Whitespace  between the word `exec' and fdpat and the command can be omitted.\nTrailing dots and a fdpat consisting only of dots can be omitted. A simple `|' is  synonymous\nfor the pattern `!..|'; the word exec can be omitted here and can always be replaced by `!'.\n\nExamples:\n\nexec ... /bin/sh\n\nexec /bin/sh\n\n!/bin/sh\n\nCreates  another  shell  in  the same window, while the original shell is still\nrunning. Output of both shells is displayed and user input is sent to  the  new\n/bin/sh.\n\nexec !.. stty 19200\n\nexec ! stty 19200\n\n!!stty 19200\n\nSet  the  speed  of  the window's tty. If your stty command operates on stdout,\nthen add another `!'.\n\nexec !..| less\n\n|less\n\nThis adds a pager to the window output. The special character `|' is needed  to\ngive  the  user control over the pager although it gets its input from the win‐\ndow's process. This works, because less listens  on  stderr  (a  behavior  that\nscreen  would  not  expect  without the `|') when its stdin is not a tty.  Less\nversions newer than 177 fail miserably here; good old pg still works.\n\n!:sed -n s/.*Error.*/\\007/p\n\nSends window output to both, the user and the sed command. The sed  inserts  an\nadditional bell character (oct. 007) to the window output seen by screen.  This\nwill cause \"Bell in window x\" messages, whenever the string \"Error\" appears  in\nthe window.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "fit",
                        "content": "Change  the  window  size  to  the size of the current region. This command is needed because\nscreen doesn't adapt the window size automatically if the window is displayed more than once.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "flow [ on | off | auto]",
                        "content": "Sets the flow-control mode for this window.  Without parameters it cycles  the  current  win‐\ndow's  flow-control  setting  from \"automatic\" to \"on\" to \"off\".  See the discussion on FLOW-\nCONTROL later on in this document for full details and note, that this is subject  to  change\nin future releases.  Default is set by `defflow'.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "focus [ next | prev | up | down | left | right | top | bottom ]",
                        "content": "Move  the  input  focus to the next region. This is done in a cyclic way so that the top left\nregion is selected after the bottom right one. If no option is given it defaults  to  `next'.\nThe  next  region to be selected is determined by how the regions are layered.  Normally, the\nnext region in the same layer would be selected.  However, if that next region  contains  one\nor  more  layers,  the first region in the highest layer is selected first. If you are at the\nlast region of the current layer, `next' will move the focus to the next region in the  lower\nlayer  (if  there is a lower layer).  `Prev' cycles in the opposite order. See split for more\ninformation about layers.\n\nThe rest of the options (`up', `down', `left', `right', `top', and `bottom') are more  indif‐\nferent  to  layers. The option `up' will move the focus upward to the region that is touching\nthe upper left corner of the current region.  `Down' will move downward to the region that is\ntouching  the  lower left corner of the current region. The option `left' will move the focus\nleftward to the region that is touching the upper left corner of the  current  region,  while\n`right' will move rightward to the region that is touching the upper right corner of the cur‐\nrent region. Moving left from a left most region or moving right from  a  right  most  region\nwill result in no action.\n\nThe option `top' will move the focus to the very first region in the upper list corner of the\nscreen, and `bottom' will move to the region in the bottom right corner of the screen. Moving\nup from a top most region or moving down from a bottom most region will result in no action.\n\nUseful bindings are (h, j, k, and l as in vi)\nbind h focus left\nbind j focus down\nbind k focus up\nbind l focus right\nbind t focus top\nbind b focus bottom\nNote that k is traditionally bound to the kill command.\n\nfocusminsize [ ( width|max| ) ( height|max| ) ]\n\nThis  forces  any  currently  selected  region to be automatically resized at least a certain\nwidth and height. All other surrounding regions will be  resized  in  order  to  accommodate.\nThis  constraint follows every time the focus command is used. The resize command can be used\nto increase either dimension of a region, but never below what is set with focusminsize.  The\nunderscore  `'  is  a  synonym for max. Setting a width and height of `0 0' (zero zero) will\nundo any constraints and allow for manual resizing.   Without  any  parameters,  the  minimum\nwidth and height is shown.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "gr [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Turn  GR  charset  switching on/off. Whenever screen sees an input character with the 8th bit\nset, it will use the charset stored in the GR slot and print the character with the  8th  bit\nstripped.  The  default (see also defgr) is not to process GR switching because otherwise the\nISO88591 charset would not work.\n\ngroup [grouptitle]\n\nChange or show the group the current window belongs to. Windows can be moved  around  between\ndifferent groups by specifying the name of the destination group. Without specifying a group,\nthe title of the current group is displayed.\n\nhardcopy [-h] [file]\n\nWrites out the currently displayed image to the file file, or, if no filename  is  specified,\nto  hardcopy.n  in  the default directory, where n is the number of the current window.  This\neither appends or overwrites the file if it exists. See below.  If the option  -h  is  speci‐\nfied, dump also the contents of the scrollback buffer.\n\nhardcopyappend [ on | off ]\n\nIf  set  to  \"on\", screen will append to the \"hardcopy.n\" files created by the command C-a h,\notherwise these files are overwritten each time.  Default is `off'.\n\nhardcopydir directory\n\nDefines a directory where hardcopy files will be placed. If unset, hardcopys  are  dumped  in\nscreen's current working directory.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "hardstatus [ on | off ]",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "hardstatus [ always ] firstline | lastline | message | ignore [ string ]",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "hardstatus string [ string ]",
                        "content": "This  command  configures  the use and emulation of the terminal's hardstatus line. The first\nform toggles whether screen will use the hardware status line to  display  messages.  If  the\nflag  is set to `off', these messages are overlaid in reverse video mode at the display line.\nThe default setting is `on'.\n\nThe second form tells screen what to do if the terminal doesn't have a hardstatus line  (i.e.\nthe  termcap/terminfo  capabilities  \"hs\",  \"ts\",  \"fs\"  and  \"ds\" are not set).  When first‐\nline/lastline is used, screen will reserve the first/last line of the display for  the  hard‐\nstatus.  message uses screen's message mechanism and ignore tells screen never to display the\nhardstatus.  If you prepend the word always to the type (e.g., alwayslastline),  screen  will\nuse the type even if the terminal supports a hardstatus.\n\nThe  third  form  specifies  the  contents  of  the hardstatus line.  '%h' is used as default\nstring, i.e., the stored hardstatus of the current window (settable via  ESC]0;<string>^G  or\nESC<string>ESC\\)  is displayed.  You can customize this to any string you like including the\nescapes from the STRING ESCAPES chapter. If you leave out the argument  string,  the  current\nstring is displayed.\n\nYou can mix the second and third form by providing the string as additional argument.\n\nheight [-w|-d] [lines [cols]]\n\nSet  the  display height to a specified number of lines. When no argument is given it toggles\nbetween 24 and 42 lines display. You can also specify a width if you want to change both val‐\nues.   The -w option tells screen to leave the display size unchanged and just set the window\nsize, -d vice versa.\n\nhelp[class]\n\nNot really a online help, but displays a help screen showing you all the key  bindings.   The\nfirst  pages  list  all the internal commands followed by their current bindings.  Subsequent\npages will display the custom commands, one command per key.  Press space  when  you're  done\nreading  each page, or return to exit early.  All other characters are ignored. If the -c op‐\ntion is given, display all bound commands for the specified command class.  See also  DEFAULT\nKEY BINDINGS section.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "history",
                        "content": "Usually  users  work  with a shell that allows easy access to previous commands.  For example\ncsh has the command !! to repeat the last command executed.  Screen  allows  you  to  have  a\nprimitive  way  of re-calling the command that started ...: You just type the first letter of\nthat command, then hit `C-a {' and screen tries to find a previous line that matches with the\n`prompt  character'  to  the left of the cursor. This line is pasted into this window's input\nqueue.  Thus you have a crude command history (made up by the visible window and its  scroll‐\nback buffer).\n\nhstatus status\n\nChange the window's hardstatus line to the string status.\n\nidle [timeout[cmd-args]]\n\nSets  a command that is run after the specified number of seconds inactivity is reached. This\ncommand will normally be the blanker command to create a screen blanker, but it  can  be  any\nscreen  command.   If no command is specified, only the timeout is set. A timeout of zero (or\nthe special timeout off) disables the timer.  If no arguments are given, the current settings\nare displayed.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "ignorecase [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Tell  screen  to ignore the case of characters in searches. Default is `off'. Without any op‐\ntions, the state of ignorecase is toggled.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "info",
                        "content": "Uses the message line to display some information about the current window: the cursor  posi‐\ntion  in  the  form  (column,row) starting with (1,1), the terminal width and height plus the\nsize of the scrollback buffer in lines, like in  (80,24)+50,  the  current  state  of  window\nXON/XOFF flow control is shown like this (See also section FLOW CONTROL):\n\n┌─────────┬──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐\n│+flow    │ automatic flow control, currently on.                    │\n├─────────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤\n│-flow    │ automatic flow control, currently off.                   │\n├─────────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤\n│+(+)flow │ flow control enabled. Agrees with automatic control.     │\n├─────────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤\n│-(+)flow │ flow control disabled. Disagrees with automatic control. │\n├─────────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤\n│+(-)flow │ flow control enabled. Disagrees with automatic control.  │\n├─────────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤\n│-(-)flow │ flow control disabled. Agrees with automatic control.    │\n└─────────┴──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘\nThe  current  line  wrap  setting (`+wrap' indicates enabled, `-wrap' not) is also shown. The\nflags `ins', `org', `app', `log', `mon' or `nored' are displayed when the window is in insert\nmode,  origin  mode, application-keypad mode, has output logging, activity monitoring or par‐\ntial redraw enabled.\n\nThe currently active character set (G0, G1, G2, or G3) and in square  brackets  the  terminal\ncharacter  sets  that are currently designated as G0 through G3 is shown. If the window is in\nUTF-8 mode, the string UTF-8 is shown instead.\n\nAdditional modes depending on the type of the window are displayed at the end of  the  status\nline (See also chapter WINDOW TYPES).\n\nIf  the  state  machine  of the terminal emulator is in a non-default state, the info line is\nstarted with a string identifying the current state.\n\nFor system information use the time command.\n\ninsreg [key]\n\nNo longer exists, use paste instead.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "kill",
                        "content": "Kill current window.\n\nIf there is an `exec' command running then it is killed. Otherwise the process  (shell)  run‐\nning  in  the  window receives a HANGUP condition, the window structure is removed and screen\n(your display) switches to another window.  When the last window is destroyed, screen  exits.\nAfter a kill screen switches to the previously displayed window.\n\nNote:  Emacs  users should keep this command in mind, when killing a line.  It is recommended\nnot to use C-a as the screen escape key or to rebind kill to C-a K.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "lastmsg",
                        "content": "Redisplay the last contents of the message/status line.  Useful if you're typing when a  mes‐\nsage appears, because  the message goes away when you press a key (unless your terminal has a\nhardware status line).  Refer to the commands msgwait and msgminwait for fine tuning.\n\nlayout new [title]\n\nCreate a new layout. The screen will change to one whole region and be switched to the  blank\nwindow.  From  here,  you  build the regions and the windows they show as you desire. The new\nlayout will be numbered with the smallest available integer, starting with zero. You can  op‐\ntionally give a title to your new layout.  Otherwise, it will have a default title of layout.\nYou can always change the title later by using the command layout title.\n\nlayout remove [n|title]\n\nRemove, or in other words, delete the specified layout. Either the number or the title can be\nspecified. Without either specification, screen will remove the current layout.\n\nRemoving a layout does not affect your set windows or regions.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "layout next",
                        "content": "Switch to the next layout available\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "layout prev",
                        "content": "Switch to the previous layout available\n\nlayout select [n|title]\n\nSelect  the  desired  layout. Either the number or the title can be specified. Without either\nspecification, screen will prompt and ask which screen is desired. To see which  layouts  are\navailable, use the layout show command.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "layout show",
                        "content": "List  on  the message line the number(s) and title(s) of the available layout(s). The current\nlayout is flagged.\n\nlayout title [title]\n\nChange or display the title of the current layout. A string given will be used  to  name  the\nlayout. Without any options, the current title and number is displayed on the message line.\n\nlayout number [n]\n\nChange  or  display the number of the current layout. An integer given will be used to number\nthe layout. Without any options, the current number and title is  displayed  on  the  message\nline.\n\nlayout attach [title|:last]\n\nChange  or display which layout to reattach back to. The default is :last, which tells screen\nto reattach back to the last used layout just before detachment. By supplying  a  title,  You\ncan  instruct  screen to reattach to a particular layout regardless which one was used at the\ntime of detachment. Without any options, the layout to reattach to will be shown in the  mes‐\nsage line.\n\nlayout save [n|title]\n\nRemember  the current arrangement of regions. When used, screen will remember the arrangement\nof vertically and horizontally split regions. This arrangement is restored when a screen ses‐\nsion  is  reattached  or  switched  back  from a different layout. If the session ends or the\nscreen process dies, the layout arrangements are lost. The layout dump command should help in\nthis  siutation.  If  a  number or title is supplied, screen will remember the arrangement of\nthat particular layout. Without any options, screen will remember the current layout.\n\nSaving your regions can be done automatically by using the layout autosave command.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "layout autosave [ on | off]",
                        "content": "Change or display the status of automatcally saving layouts. The default is on, meaning  when\nscreen  is  detached or changed to a different layout, the arrangement of regions and windows\nwill be remembered at the time of change and restored upon return.  If  autosave  is  set  to\noff,  that  arrangement will only be restored to either to the last manual save, using layout\nsave, or to when the layout was first created, to a single region with a single window. With‐\nout either an on or off, the current status is displayed on the message line.\n\nlayout dump [filename]\n\nWrite  to  a  file the order of splits made in the current layout. This is useful to recreate\nthe order of your regions used in your current layout. Only the current layout  is  recorded.\nWhile  the  order  of  the regions are recorded, the sizes of those regions and which windows\ncorrespond to which regions are not. If no filename is specified, the default is layout-dump,\nsaved  in  the  directory that the screen process was started in. If the file already exists,\nlayout dump will append to that file. As an example:\n\nC-a : layout dump /home/user/.screenrc\n\nwill save or append the layout to the user's .screenrc file.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "license",
                        "content": "Display the disclaimer page. This is done whenever screen is started without  options,  which\nshould be often enough. See also the startupmessage command.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "lockscreen",
                        "content": "Lock  this  display.  Call a screenlock program (/local/bin/lck or /usr/bin/lock or a builtin\nif no other is available). Screen does not accept any command keys until this program  termi‐\nnates.  Meanwhile processes in the windows may continue, as the windows are in the `detached'\nstate. The screenlock program may be changed through the environment variable $LOCKPRG (which\nmust  be  set  in the shell from which screen is started) and is executed with the user's uid\nand gid.\n\nWarning: When you leave other shells unlocked and you have no password  set  on  screen,  the\nlock  is  void: One could easily re-attach from an unlocked shell. This feature should rather\nbe called `lockterminal'.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "log [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Start/stop writing output of the current window to a file screenlog.n in the window's default\ndirectory, where n is the number of the current window. This filename can be changed with the\n`logfile' command. If no parameter is given, the state of logging is toggled. The session log\nis  appended  to the previous contents of the file if it already exists. The current contents\nand the contents of the scrollback history are not included in the session log.   Default  is\n`off'.\n\nlogfile filename\n\nlogfile flush secs\n\nDefines the name the log files will get. The default is screenlog.%n. The second form changes\nthe number of seconds screen will wait before flushing the logfile buffer to the file-system.\nThe default value is 10 seconds.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "login [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Adds or removes the entry in the utmp database file for the current window.  This controls if\nthe window is `logged in'.  When no parameter is given, the login state of the window is tog‐\ngled.   Additionally  to that toggle, it is convenient having a `log in' and a `log out' key.\nE.g. `bind I login on' and `bind O login off' will map these keys to be C-a I and C-a O.  The\ndefault  setting  (in  config.h.in) should be on for a screen that runs under suid-root.  Use\nthe deflogin command to change the default login state for new  windows.  Both  commands  are\nonly present when screen has been compiled with utmp support.\n\nlogtstamp [on|off]\n\nlogtstamp after [secs]\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "logtstamp string",
                        "content": "[string]\n\nThis  command controls logfile time-stamp mechanism of screen.  If time-stamps are turned on,\nscreen adds a string containing the current time to the logfile after two minutes of inactiv‐\nity.   When  output  continues  and more than another two minutes have passed, a second time-\nstamp is added to document the restart of the output. You can change this  timeout  with  the\nsecond form of the command. The third form is used for customizing the time-stamp string (`--\n%n:%t -- time-stamp -- %M/%d/%y %c:%s --\\n' by default).\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "mapdefault",
                        "content": "Tell screen that the next input character should only be looked up in the default bindkey ta‐\nble. See also bindkey.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "mapnotnext",
                        "content": "Like mapdefault, but don't even look in the default bindkey table.\n\nmaptimeout [timeout]\n\nSet  the  inter-character  timer for input sequence detection to a timeout of timeout ms. The\ndefault timeout is 300ms. Maptimeout with no arguments shows the current setting.   See  also\nbindkey.\n\nmarkkeys string\n\nThis is a method of changing the keymap used for copy/history mode.  The string is made up of\noldchar=newchar pairs which are separated by `:'. Example: The string B=^B:F=^F  will  change\nthe keys `C-b' and `C-f' to the vi style binding (scroll up/down fill page).  This happens to\nbe the default binding for `B' and `F'.  The command markkeys h=^B:l=^F:$=^E  would  set  the\nmode  for an emacs-style binding.  If your terminal sends characters, that cause you to abort\ncopy mode, then this command may help by binding these characters to do nothing.   The  no-op\ncharacter  is  `@' and is used like this: markkeys @=L=H if you do not want to use the `H' or\n`L' commands any longer.  As shown in this example, multiple keys  can  be  assigned  to  one\nfunction in a single statement.\n\nmaxwin num\n\nSet  the  maximum  window number screen will create. Doesn't affect already existing windows.\nThe number can be increased only when there are no existing windows.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "meta",
                        "content": "Insert the command character (C-a) in the current window's input stream.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "monitor [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Toggles activity monitoring of windows.  When monitoring is turned on and an affected  window\nis  switched  into  the background, you will receive the activity notification message in the\nstatus line at the first sign of output and the window will also be marked with an `@' in the\nwindow-status display.  Monitoring is initially off for all windows.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "mousetrack [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "This  command determines whether screen will watch for mouse clicks. When this command is en‐\nabled, regions that have been split in various ways can be selected by pointing to them  with\na mouse and left-clicking them. Without specifying on or off, the current state is displayed.\nThe default state is determined by the defmousetrack command.\n\nmsgminwait sec\n\nDefines the time screen delays a new message when one message is  currently  displayed.   The\ndefault is 1 second.\n\nmsgwait sec\n\nDefines the time a message is displayed if screen is not disturbed by other activity. The de‐\nfault is 5 seconds.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "multiuser [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Switch between singleuser and multiuser mode. Standard screen  operation  is  singleuser.  In\nmultiuser  mode  the commands `acladd', `aclchg', `aclgrp' and `acldel' can be used to enable\n(and disable) other users accessing this screen session.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "nethack [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Changes the kind of error messages used by screen.  When  you  are  familiar  with  the  game\nnethack,  you  may enjoy the nethack-style messages which will often blur the facts a little,\nbut are much funnier to read. Anyway, standard messages often tend to be unclear as well.\nThis option is only available if screen was compiled with the NETHACK flag defined.  The  de‐\nfault  setting is then determined by the presence of the environment variable $NETHACKOPTIONS\nand the file ~/.nethackrc - if either one is present, the default is on.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "next",
                        "content": "Switch to the next window.  This command can be used repeatedly to cycle through the list  of\nwindows.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "nonblock [ on | off | numsecs ]",
                        "content": "Tell screen how to deal with user interfaces (displays) that cease to accept output. This can\nhappen if a user presses ^S or a TCP/modem connection gets cut but no hangup is received.  If\nnonblock  is  off (this is the default) screen waits until the display restarts to accept the\noutput. If nonblock is on, screen waits until the timeout is reached (on is treated  as  1s).\nIf  the  display  still  doesn't receive characters, screen will consider it blocked and stop\nsending characters to it. If at some time it restarts to accept characters, screen  will  un‐\nblock the display and redisplay the updated window contents.\n\nnumber [[+|-]n]\n\nChange  the current window's number. If the given number n is already used by another window,\nboth windows exchange their numbers. If no argument is specified, the current  window  number\n(and title) is shown. Using `+' or `-' will change the window's number by the relative amount\nspecified.\n\nobuflimit [limit]\n\nIf the output buffer contains more bytes than the specified limit, no more data will be  read\nfrom  the windows. The default value is 256. If you have a fast display (like xterm), you can\nset it to some higher value. If no argument is specified, the current setting is displayed.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "only",
                        "content": "Kill all regions but the current one.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "other",
                        "content": "Switch to the window displayed previously. If this window does no longer exist, other has the\nsame effect as next.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "partial [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Defines  whether  the  display should be refreshed (as with redisplay) after switching to the\ncurrent window. This command only affects the current window.  To immediately affect all win‐\ndows  use  the  allpartial  command.  Default is `off', of course.  This default is fixed, as\nthere is currently no defpartial command.\n\npassword [cryptedpw]\n\nPresent a crypted password in your .screenrc file and screen will ask for it, whenever  some‐\none  attempts  to  resume a detached.  This is useful if you have privileged programs running\nunder screen and you want to protect your session from reattach attempts by another user mas‐\nquerading  as  your  uid  (i.e.  any superuser.)  If no crypted password is specified, screen\nprompts twice for typing a password and places its encryption in the paste  buffer.   Default\nis `none', this disables password checking.\n\npaste [registers [destreg]]\n\nWrite  the  (concatenated) contents of the specified registers to the stdin queue of the cur‐\nrent window. The register '.' is treated as the paste buffer. If no parameter  is  given  the\nuser  is  prompted  for  a single register to paste.  The paste buffer can be filled with the\ncopy, history and readbuf commands.  Other registers can be filled with the register, readreg\nand paste commands.  If paste is called with a second argument, the contents of the specified\nregisters is pasted into the named destination register rather than the  window.  If  '.'  is\nused  as the second argument, the displays paste buffer is the destination.  Note, that paste\nuses a wide variety of resources: Whenever a second argument is specified no  current  window\nis  needed. When the source specification only contains registers (not the paste buffer) then\nthere need not be a current display (terminal attached), as the registers are  a  global  re‐\nsource. The paste buffer exists once for every user.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "pastefont [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Tell  screen  to  include  font information in the paste buffer. The default is not to do so.\nThis command is especially useful for multi character fonts like kanji.\n\npowbreak\n\nReopen the window's terminal line and send a break condition. See `break'.\n\npowdetach\n\nPower detach.  Mainly the same as detach, but also  sends  a  HANGUP  signal  to  the  parent\nprocess  of screen.  CAUTION: This will result in a logout, when screen was started from your\nlogin-shell.\n\npowdetachmsg [message]\n\nThe message specified here is output whenever a `Power detach' was performed. It may be  used\nas  a  replacement  for  a logout message or to reset baud rate, etc.  Without parameter, the\ncurrent message is shown.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "prev",
                        "content": "Switch to the window with the next lower number.  This command can be used repeatedly to  cy‐\ncle through the list of windows.\n\nprintcmd [cmd]\n\nIf  cmd is not an empty string, screen will not use the terminal capabilities po/pf if it de‐\ntects an ansi print sequence ESC [ 5 i, but pipe the output into cmd.  This  should  normally\nbe  a  command like lpr or printcmd without a command displays the current setting.  The ansi\nsequence ESC \\ ends printing and closes the pipe.\n\nWarning: Be careful with this command! If other user have write access to your terminal, they\nwill be able to fire off print commands.\n\nprocess [key]\n\nStuff  the  contents  of  the specified register into screen's input queue. If no argument is\ngiven you are prompted for a register name. The text is parsed as if it  had  been  typed  in\nfrom the user's keyboard. This command can be used to bind multiple actions to a single key.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "quit",
                        "content": "Kill  all  windows and terminate screen.  Note that on VT100-style terminals the keys C-4 and\nC-\\ are identical.  This makes the default bindings dangerous: Be careful not to type C-a C-4\nwhen  selecting  window  no. 4.  Use the empty bind command (as in bind '^\\') to remove a key\nbinding.\n\nreadbuf [encoding] [filename]\n\nReads the contents of the specified file into the paste buffer.  You can tell screen the  en‐\ncoding  of the file via the -e option.  If no file is specified, the screen-exchange filename\nis used.  See also bufferfile command.\n\nreadreg [encoding] [register [filename]]\n\nDoes one of two things, dependent on number of arguments: with zero or one arguments  it  du‐\nplicates the paste buffer contents into the register specified or entered at the prompt. With\ntwo arguments it reads the contents of the named file into  the  register,  just  as  readbuf\nreads  the  screen-exchange  file into the paste buffer.  You can tell screen the encoding of\nthe file via the -e option.  The following example will paste the system's password file into\nthe screen window (using register p, where a copy remains):\n\nC-a : readreg p /etc/passwd\nC-a : paste p\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "redisplay",
                        "content": "Redisplay the current window. Needed to get a full redisplay when in partial redraw mode.\n\nregister [-eencoding]key-string\n\nSave  the  specified string to the register key.  The encoding of the string can be specified\nvia the -e option.  See also the paste command.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "remove",
                        "content": "Kill the current region. This is a no-op if there is only one region.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "removebuf",
                        "content": "Unlinks the screen-exchange file used by the commands writebuf and readbuf.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "rendition [ bell | monitor | silence | so ] attr [ color ]",
                        "content": "Change the way screen renders the titles of windows that have monitor or bell  flags  set  in\ncaption  or  hardstatus  or  windowlist. See the STRING ESCAPES chapter for the syntax of the\nmodifiers.  The default for monitor is currently =b  (bold,  active  colors),  for  bell  =ub\n(underline, bold and active colors), and =u for silence.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "reset",
                        "content": "Reset  the virtual terminal to its power-on values. Useful when strange settings (like scroll\nregions or graphics character set) are left over from an application.\n\nresize [-h|-v|-b|-l|-p] [[+|-] n[%] |=|max|min||0]\n\nResize the current region. The space will be removed from or added to the surrounding regions\ndepending  on  the order of the splits.  The available options for resizing are `-h'(horizon‐\ntal), `-v'(vertical), `-b'(both), `-l'(local to layer), and  `-p'(perpendicular).  Horizontal\nresizes  will  add  or remove width to a region, vertical will add or remove height, and both\nwill add or remove size from both dimensions. Local and perpendicular are similar to horizon‐\ntal  and  vertical,  but  they take in account of how a region was split.  If a region's last\nsplit was horizontal, a local resize will work like a vertical resize.  If  a  region's  last\nsplit  was vertical, a local resize will work like a horizontal resize. Perpendicular resizes\nwork in opposite of local resizes. If no option is specified, local is the default.\n\nThe amount of lines to add or remove can be expressed a couple of different ways. By specify‐\ning  a  number  n by itself will resize the region by that absolute amount. You can specify a\nrelative amount by prefixing a plus `+' or minus `-' to the amount, such as adding  +n  lines\nor removing -n lines. Resizing can also be expressed as an absolute or relative percentage by\npostfixing a percent sign `%'. Using zero `0' is a synonym for `min' and using an  underscore\n`' is a synonym for `max'.\n\nSome examples are:\n\nresize +N\nincrease current region by N\n\nresize -N\ndecrease current region by N\n\nresize  N\nset current region to N\n\nresize 20%\nset current region to 20% of original size\n\nresize +20%\nincrease current region by 20%\n\nresize -b =\nmake all windows equally\n\nresize  max\nmaximize current region\n\nresize  min\nminimize current region\n\nWithout  any  arguments,  screen will prompt for how you would like to resize the current re‐\ngion.\n\nSee focusminsize if you want to restrict the minimum size a region can have.\n\nscreen [-opts] [n] [cmd [args]|//group]\n\nEstablish a new window.  The flow-control options (-f, -fn and -fa),  title  (a.k.a.)  option\n(-t),  login options (-l and -ln) , terminal type option (-T <term>), the all-capability-flag\n(-a) and scrollback option (-h <num>) may be specified with each command.   The  option  (-M)\nturns  monitoring  on for this window.  The option (-L) turns output logging on for this win‐\ndow.  If an optional number n in the range 0..MAXWIN-1 is given, the window number n  is  as‐\nsigned  to the newly created window (or, if this number is already in-use, the next available\nnumber).  If a command is specified after screen, this command (with the given arguments)  is\nstarted  in  the window; otherwise, a shell is created.  If //group is supplied, a container-\ntype window is created in which other windows may be created inside it.\n\nThus, if your .screenrc contains the lines\n\n# example for .screenrc:\nscreen 1\nscreen -fn -t foobar -L 2 telnet foobar\n\nscreen creates a shell window (in window #1) and a window with a TELNET connection to the ma‐\nchine foobar (with no flow-control using the title foobar in window #2) and will write a log‐\nfile (screenlog.2) of the telnet session.  Note, that unlike previous versions of  screen  no\nadditional  default  window  is  created  when screen commands are included in your .screenrc\nfile. When the initialization is completed, screen switches to the last window  specified  in\nyour .screenrc file or, if none, opens a default window #0.\n\nScreen has built in some functionality of cu and telnet.  See also chapter WINDOW TYPES.\n\nscrollback num\n\nSet  the  size  of  the  scrollback  buffer for the current windows to num lines. The default\nscrollback is 100 lines.  See also the defscrollback command and use info to view the current\nsetting. To access and use the contents in the scrollback buffer, use the copy command.\n\nselect [WindowID]\n\nSwitch  to  the  window  identified by WindowID.  This can be a prefix of a window title (al‐\nphanumeric window name) or a window number.  The parameter is optional and  if  omitted,  you\nget prompted for an identifier.  When a new window is established, the first available number\nis assigned to this window.  Thus, the first window can be activated by select 0.  The number\nof  windows  is limited at compile-time by the MAXWIN configuration parameter (which defaults\nto 40).  There are two special WindowIDs, - selects the internal blank window and  .  selects\nthe current window. The latter is useful if used with screen's -X option.\n\nsessionname [name]\n\nRename the current session. Note, that for screen -list the name shows up with the process-id\nprepended. If the argument name is omitted, the name of this session is  displayed.  Caution:\nThe  $STY  environment variables will still reflect the old name in pre-existing shells. This\nmay result in confusion. Use of this command is generally discouraged. Use  the  -S  command-\nline  option  if you want to name a new session.  The default is constructed from the tty and\nhost names.\n\nsetenv [var [string]]\n\nSet the environment variable var to value string.  If only var is specified, the user will be\nprompted  to  enter  a  value.  If no parameters are specified, the user will be prompted for\nboth variable and value. The environment is inherited by all subsequently forked shells.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "setsid [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Normally screen uses different sessions and process groups for  the  windows.  If  setsid  is\nturned off, this is not done anymore and all windows will be in the same process group as the\nscreen backend process. This also breaks job-control, so be careful.  The default is  on,  of\ncourse. This command is probably useful only in rare circumstances.\n\nshell command\n\nSet  the  command to be used to create a new shell.  This overrides the value of the environ‐\nment variable $SHELL.  This is useful if you'd like to run a tty-enhancer which is  expecting\nto  execute the program specified in $SHELL.  If the command begins with a '-' character, the\nshell will be started as a login-shell. Typical shells do only  minimal  initialization  when\nnot  started  as a login-shell.  E.g. Bash will not read your ~/.bashrc unless it is a login-\nshell.\n\nshelltitle title\n\nSet the title for all shells created during startup or by the C-A C-c command.   For  details\nabout what a title is, see the discussion entitled TITLES (naming windows).\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "silence [ on | off | sec ]",
                        "content": "Toggles  silence  monitoring of windows.  When silence is turned on and an affected window is\nswitched into the background, you will receive the silence notification message in the status\nline  after  a  specified  period of inactivity (silence). The default timeout can be changed\nwith the `silencewait' command or by specifying a number of seconds instead of `on' or `off'.\nSilence is initially off for all windows.\n\nsilencewait sec\n\nDefine  the  time that all windows monitored for silence should wait before displaying a mes‐\nsage. Default 30 seconds.\n\nsleep num\n\nThis command will pause the execution of a .screenrc file for num seconds.  Keyboard activity\nwill  end  the  sleep.   It may be used to give users a chance to read the messages output by\necho.\n\nslowpaste msec\n\nDefine the speed at which text is inserted into the current window by  the  paste  (\"C-a  ]\")\ncommand.   If  the slowpaste value is nonzero text is written character by character.  screen\nwill make a pause of msec milliseconds after each single character write to allow the  appli‐\ncation  to  process its input. Only use slowpaste if your underlying system exposes flow con‐\ntrol problems while pasting large amounts of text.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "sort",
                        "content": "Sort the windows in alphabetical order of the window tiles.\n\nsource file\n\nRead and execute commands from file file. Source commands may be nested to a  maximum  recur‐\nsion  level of ten. If file is not an absolute path and screen is already processing a source\ncommand, the parent directory of the running source command file is used to  search  for  the\nnew command file before screen's current directory.\n\nNote  that  termcap/terminfo/termcapinfo  commands only work at startup and reattach time, so\nthey must be reached via the default screenrc files to have an effect.\n\nsorendition [attr[color]]\n\nThis command is deprecated. See \"rendition so\" instead.\n\nsplit[-v]\n\nSplit the current region into two new ones. All regions on the display are  resized  to  make\nroom  for  the new region. The blank window is displayed in the new region. The default is to\ncreate a horizontal split, putting the new regions on the top and bottom of each other. Using\n`-v'  will  create  a  vertical split, causing the new regions to appear side by side of each\nother.  Use the remove or the only command to delete regions.  Use focus  to  toggle  between\nregions.\n\nWhen  a region is split opposite of how it was previously split (that is, vertical then hori‐\nzontal or horizontal then vertical), a new layer is created. The layer is used to  group  to‐\ngether  the regions that are split the same. Normally, as a user, you should not see nor have\nto worry about layers, but they will affect how some commands (focus and resize) behave.\n\nWith this current implementation of screen, scrolling data will appear much slower in a  ver‐\ntically  split  region  than  one that is not. This should be taken into consideration if you\nneed to use system commands such as cat or tail -f.\n\nstartupmessage [ on | off ]\n\nSelect whether you want to see the copyright notice during startup.  Default is `on', as  you\nprobably noticed.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "status [ top | up | down | bottom ] [ left | right ]",
                        "content": "The  status window by default is in bottom-left corner. This command can move status messages\nto any corner of the screen. top is the same as up, down is the same as bottom.\n\nstuff [string]\n\nStuff the string string in the input buffer of the current window.  This is  like  the  paste\ncommand but with much less overhead.  Without a parameter, screen will prompt for a string to\nstuff.  You cannot paste large buffers with the stuff command. It  is  most  useful  for  key\nbindings. See also bindkey.\n\nsu [username [password [password2]]]\n\nSubstitute the user of a display. The command prompts for all parameters that are omitted. If\npasswords are specified as parameters, they have to be specified un-crypted. The first  pass‐\nword  is  matched against the systems passwd database, the second password is matched against\nthe screen password as set with the commands acladd or password.  Su may be  useful  for  the\nscreen  administrator  to test multiuser setups.  When the identification fails, the user has\naccess to the commands available for user nobody.  These are detach, license,  version,  help\nand displays.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "suspend",
                        "content": "Suspend  screen.   The  windows  are in the `detached' state, while screen is suspended. This\nfeature relies on the shell being able to do job control.\n\nterm term\n\nIn each window's environment screen opens, the $TERM variable is set to  screen  by  default.\nBut  when  no description for screen is installed in the local termcap or terminfo data base,\nyou set $TERM to - say - vt100. This won't do much harm, as screen is VT100/ANSI  compatible.\nThe use of the term command is discouraged for non-default purpose.  That is, one may want to\nspecify special $TERM settings (e.g. vt100) for the next screen rlogin othermachine  command.\nUse the command screen -T vt100 rlogin othermachine rather than setting and resetting the de‐\nfault.\n\ntermcap term terminal-tweaks[window-tweaks]\n\nterminfo term terminal-tweaks[window-tweaks]\n\ntermcapinfo term terminal-tweaks[window-tweaks]\n\nUse this command to modify your terminal's termcap entry without going through all  the  has‐\nsles  involved  in  creating  a custom termcap entry.  Plus, you can optionally customize the\ntermcap generated for the windows.  You have to place these commands in one of  the  screenrc\nstartup files, as they are meaningless once the terminal emulator is booted.\n\nIf  your  system  uses  the terminfo database rather than termcap, screen will understand the\n`terminfo' command, which has the same effects as the `termcap' command.  Two  separate  com‐\nmands are provided, as there are subtle syntactic differences, e.g. when parameter interpola‐\ntion (using `%') is required. Note that termcap names of the capabilities  have  to  be  used\nwith the `terminfo' command.\n\nIn many cases, where the arguments are valid in both terminfo and termcap syntax, you can use\nthe command `termcapinfo', which is just a shorthand for a pair of `termcap'  and  `terminfo'\ncommands with identical arguments.\n\nThe  first  argument  specifies which terminal(s) should be affected by this definition.  You\ncan specify multiple terminal names by separating them with `|'s.  Use `*' to match all  ter‐\nminals and `vt*' to match all terminals that begin with vt.\n\nEach  tweak  argument contains one or more termcap defines (separated by `:'s) to be inserted\nat the start of the appropriate termcap entry, enhancing it or  overriding  existing  values.\nThe first tweak modifies your terminal's termcap, and contains definitions that your terminal\nuses to perform certain functions.  Specify a null string to leave this unchanged (e.g.  '').\nThe  second (optional) tweak modifies all the window termcaps, and should contain definitions\nthat screen understands (see the VIRTUAL TERMINAL section).\n\nSome examples:\n\ntermcap xterm*  LP:hs@\n\nInforms screen that all terminals that begin with `xterm' have firm auto-margins  that  allow\nthe  last position on the screen to be updated (LP), but they don't really have a status line\n(no 'hs' - append `@' to turn entries off).  Note that we assume `LP' for all terminal  names\nthat start with vt, but only if you don't specify a termcap command for that terminal.\ntermcap vt*  LP\n\ntermcap vt102|vt220  Z0=\\E[?3h:Z1=\\E[?3l\n\nSpecifies  the  firm-margined `LP' capability for all terminals that begin with `vt', and the\nsecond line will also add the escape-sequences to switch into  (Z0)  and  back  out  of  (Z1)\n132-character-per-line mode if this is a VT102 or VT220.  (You must specify Z0 and Z1 in your\ntermcap to use the width-changing commands.)\n\ntermcap vt100  \"\"  l0=PF1:l1=PF2:l2=PF3:l3=PF4\n\nThis leaves your vt100 termcap alone and adds the function key labels to each window's  term‐\ncap entry.\n\ntermcap h19|z19  am@:im=\\E@:ei=\\EO  dc=\\E[P\n\nTakes  a h19 or z19 termcap and turns off auto-margins (am@) and enables the insert mode (im)\nand end-insert (ei) capabilities (the `@' in the `im' string is after the `=', so it is  part\nof  the  string).  Having the `im' and `ei' definitions put into your terminal's termcap will\ncause screen to automatically advertise the  character-insert  capability  in  each  window's\ntermcap.   Each  window will also get the delete-character capability (dc) added to its term‐\ncap, which screen will translate into a line-update for the  terminal  (we're  pretending  it\ndoesn't support character deletion).\n\nIf  you  would  like to fully specify each window's termcap entry, you should instead set the\n$SCREENCAP variable prior to running screen.  See the discussion on the VIRTUAL  TERMINAL  in\nthis manual, and the termcap(5) man page for more information on termcap definitions.\n\ntime   [string]\n\nUses  the  message line to display the time of day, the host name, and the load averages over\n1, 5, and 15 minutes (if this is available on your system).  For window specific information,\nuse info.\n\nIf  a  string  is specified, it changes the format of the time report like it is described in\nthe STRING ESCAPES chapter. Screen uses a default of \"%c:%s %M %d %H%? %l%?\".\n\ntitle [windowtitle]\n\nSet the name of the current window to windowtitle. If no name is  specified,  screen  prompts\nfor one. This command was known as `aka' in previous releases.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "unbindall",
                        "content": "Unbind  all  the  bindings.  This  can be useful when screen is used solely for its detaching\nabilities, such as when letting a console application run as a daemon. If, for  some  reason,\nit is necessary to bind commands after this, use 'screen -X'.\n\nunsetenv var\n\nUnset an environment variable.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "utf8 [ on | off [ on | off ]]",
                        "content": "Change  the  encoding used in the current window. If utf8 is enabled, the strings sent to the\nwindow will be UTF-8 encoded and vice versa. Omitting the parameter toggles the setting. If a\nsecond parameter is given, the display's encoding is also changed (this should rather be done\nwith screen's -U option).  See also defutf8, which changes the default setting of a new  win‐\ndow.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "vbell [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Sets  the visual bell setting for this window. Omitting the parameter toggles the setting. If\nvbell is switched on, but your terminal does not support a visual bell, a `vbell-message'  is\ndisplayed  in  the status line when the bell character (^G) is received.  Visual bell support\nof a terminal is defined by the termcap variable `vb' (terminfo: 'flash').\n\nPer default, vbell is off, thus the audible bell is used.  See also `bellmsg'.\n\nvbellmsg [message]\n\nSets the visual bell message. message is printed to the status line if the window receives  a\nbell  character  (^G),  vbell  is set to on, but the terminal does not support a visual bell.\nThe default message is Wuff, Wuff!!.  Without a parameter, the current message is shown.\n\nvbellwait sec\n\nDefine a delay in seconds after each display of screen's visual bell message. The default  is\n1 second.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "verbose [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "If  verbose is switched on, the command name is echoed, whenever a window is created (or res‐\nurrected from zombie state). Default is off.  Without a parameter,  the  current  setting  is\nshown.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "version",
                        "content": "Print the current version and the compile date in the status line.\n\nwall message\n\nWrite a message to all displays. The message will appear in the terminal's status line.\n\nwidth [-w|-d] [cols [lines]]\n\nToggle  the  window width between 80 and 132 columns or set it to cols columns if an argument\nis specified.  This requires a capable terminal and the termcap entries Z0 and Z1.   See  the\ntermcap command for more information. You can also specify a new height if you want to change\nboth values.  The -w option tells screen to leave the display size unchanged and just set the\nwindow size, -d vice versa.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "windowlist [ -b ] [ -m ] [ -g ]",
                        "content": "windowlist string [string]\n\nwindowlist title [title]\n\nDisplay all windows in a table for visual window selection.  If screen was in a window group,\nscreen will back out of the group and then display the windows in that group.  If the -b  op‐\ntion is given, screen will switch to the blank window before presenting the list, so that the\ncurrent window is also selectable.  The -m option changes the order of the  windows,  instead\nof sorting by window numbers screen uses its internal most-recently-used list.  The -g option\nwill show the windows inside any groups in that level and downwards.\n\nThe following keys are used to navigate in windowlist:\n\n\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nk, C-p, or up      Move up one line.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nj, C-n, or down    Move down one line.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-g or escape      Exit windowlist.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-a or home        Move to the first line.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-e or end         Move to the last line.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-u or C-d         Move one half page up or down.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-b or C-f         Move one full page up or down.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n0..9               Using the number keys, move to the selected line.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nmouseclick         Move to the selected line. Available when  mouse‐\ntrack is set to on\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n/                  Search.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nn                  Repeat search in the forward direction.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nN                  Repeat search in the backward direction.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nm                  Toggle MRU.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\n\ng                  Toggle group nesting.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\na                  All window view.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nC-h or backspace   Back out the group.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n,                  Switch numbers with the previous window.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n.                  Switch numbers with the next window.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nK                  Kill that window.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\nspace or enter     Select that window.\n─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n\nThe  table  format can be changed with the string and title option, the title is displayed as\ntable heading, while the lines are made by using the string setting. The default  setting  is\nNum  Name%=Flags  for the title and %3n %t%=%f for the lines.  See the STRING ESCAPES chapter\nfor more codes (e.g. color settings).\n\nWindowlist needs a region size of at least 10 characters wide and 6 characters high in  order\nto display.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "windows [ string ]",
                        "content": "Uses  the message line to display a list of all the windows.  Each window is listed by number\nwith the name of process that has been started in the window (or its title); the current win‐\ndow  is marked with a `*'; the previous window is marked with a `-'; all the windows that are\nlogged in are marked with a `$'; a background window that has received a bell is marked  with\na  `!'; a background window that is being monitored and has had activity occur is marked with\nan `@'; a window which has output logging turned on is marked with `(L)'; windows occupied by\nother  users  are  marked with `&'; windows in the zombie state are marked with `Z'.  If this\nlist is too long to fit on the terminal's status line only the  portion  around  the  current\nwindow  is  displayed.   The optional string parameter follows the STRING ESCAPES format.  If\nstring parameter is passed, the output size is unlimited.  The default  command  without  any\nparameter is limited to a size of 1024 bytes.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "wrap [ on | off ]",
                        "content": "Sets the line-wrap setting for the current window.  When line-wrap is on, the second consecu‐\ntive printable character output at the last column of a line will wrap to the  start  of  the\nfollowing  line.   As an added feature, backspace (^H) will also wrap through the left margin\nto the previous line.  Default is `on'. Without any options, the state of wrap is toggled.\n\nwritebuf [-e encoding] [filename]\n\nWrites the contents of the paste buffer to the  specified  file,  or  the  public  accessible\nscreen-exchange file if no filename is given. This is thought of as a primitive means of com‐\nmunication between screen users on the same host. If an encoding is specified the paste  buf‐\nfer is recoded on the fly to match the encoding.  The filename can be set with the bufferfile\ncommand and defaults to /tmp/screen-exchange.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "writelock [ on | off | auto]",
                        "content": "In addition to access control lists, not all users may be able to write to the same window at\nonce.  Per  default, writelock is in `auto' mode and grants exclusive input permission to the\nuser who is the first to switch to the particular window. When he leaves  the  window,  other\nusers  may  obtain the writelock (automatically). The writelock of the current window is dis‐\nabled by the command writelock off. If the user issues the command writelock on he keeps  the\nexclusive write permission while switching to other windows.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "xoff",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "xon",
                        "content": "Insert a CTRL-s / CTRL-q character to the stdin queue of the current window.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "zmodem [ off | auto | catch | pass ]",
                        "content": "zmodem sendcmd [string]\n\nzmodem recvcmd [string]\n\nDefine  zmodem  support  for screen. Screen understands two different modes when it detects a\nzmodem request: pass and catch.  If the mode is set to pass, screen will relay  all  data  to\nthe  attacher  until  the end of the transmission is reached.  In catch mode screen acts as a\nzmodem endpoint and starts the corresponding rz/sz commands. If the  mode  is  set  to  auto,\nscreen  will  use  catch  if  the window is a tty (e.g. a serial line), otherwise it will use\npass.\n\nYou can define the templates screen uses in catch mode via the second and the third form.\n\nNote also that this is an experimental feature.\n\nzombie [keys[onerror]]\n\nPer default screen windows are removed from the window list as soon as  the  windows  process\n(e.g. shell) exits. When a string of two keys is specified to the zombie command, `dead' win‐\ndows will remain in the list.  The kill command may be used to remove such a window. Pressing\nthe  first  key  in the dead window has the same effect. When pressing the second key, screen\nwill attempt to resurrect the window. The process that was initially running  in  the  window\nwill be launched again. Calling zombie without parameters will clear the zombie setting, thus\nmaking windows disappear when their process exits.\n\nAs the zombie-setting is manipulated globally for all windows, this command  should  probably\nbe called defzombie, but it isn't.\n\nOptionally  you  can  put  the word onerror after the keys. This will cause screen to monitor\nexit status of the process running in the window. If it exits normally ('0'), the window dis‐\nappears. Any other exit value causes the window to become a zombie.\n\nzombietimeout[seconds]\n\nPer  default  screen  windows are removed from the window list as soon as the windows process\n(e.g. shell) exits. If zombie keys are defined (compare with above  zombie  command),  it  is\npossible  to  also  set  a timeout when screen tries to automatically reconnect a dead screen\nwindow.\n\n"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "THE MESSAGE LINE": {
                "content": "Screen displays informational messages and other diagnostics in a message line.   While  this\nline is distributed to appear at the bottom of the screen, it can be defined to appear at the\ntop of the screen during compilation.  If your terminal has a  status  line  defined  in  its\ntermcap,  screen  will  use this for displaying its messages, otherwise a line of the current\nscreen will be temporarily overwritten and output will be momentarily interrupted.  The  mes‐\nsage  line  is  automatically  removed  after a few seconds delay, but it can also be removed\nearly (on terminals without a status line) by beginning to type.\n\nThe message line facility can be used by an application running  in  the  current  window  by\nmeans of the ANSI Privacy message control sequence.  For instance, from within the shell, try\nsomething like:\n\necho '<esc>^Hello world from window '$WINDOW'<esc>\\\\'\n\nwhere '<esc>' is an escape, '^' is a literal up-arrow, and '\\\\' turns  into  a  single  back‐\nslash.\n\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "WINDOW TYPES": {
                "content": "Screen  provides  three  different window types. New windows are created with screen's screen\ncommand (see also the entry in chapter CUSTOMIZATION). The first parameter to the screen com‐\nmand  defines  which  type  of  window is created. The different window types are all special\ncases of the normal type. They have been added in order to allow  screen  to  be  used  effi‐\nciently as a console multiplexer with 100 or more windows.\n\n\n•  The normal window contains a shell (default, if no parameter is given) or any other system\ncommand that could be executed from a shell (e.g.  slogin, etc...)\n\n\n•  If a tty (character special device) name (e.g. /dev/ttya) is specified as the first param‐\neter,  then  the window is directly connected to this device.  This window type is similar\nto screen cu -l /dev/ttya.  Read and write access is required on the device node,  an  ex‐\nclusive  open  is  attempted on the node to mark the connection line as busy.  An optional\nparameter is allowed consisting of a comma separated list of flags in the notation used by\nstty(1):\n\n<baudrate>\nUsually  300,  1200,  9600  or  19200. This affects transmission as well as receive\nspeed.\n\ncs8 or cs7\nSpecify the transmission of eight (or seven) bits per byte.\n\nixon or -ixon\nEnables (or disables) software flow-control (CTRL-S/CTRL-Q) for sending data.\n\nixoff or -ixoff\nEnables (or disables) software flow-control for receiving data.\n\nistrip or -istrip\nClear (or keep) the eight bit in each received byte.\n\nYou may want to specify as many of these options as applicable. Unspecified options  cause\nthe  terminal  driver to make up the parameter values of the connection.  These values are\nsystem dependent and may be in defaults or values saved from a previous connection.\n\nFor tty windows, the info command shows some of the modem  control  lines  in  the  status\nline.  These  may  include `RTS', `CTS', 'DTR', `DSR', `CD' and more.  This depends on the\navailable ioctl()'s and system header files as well as the on the physical capabilities of\nthe  serial board.  Signals that are logical low (inactive) have their name preceded by an\nexclamation mark (!), otherwise the signal is logical high  (active).   Signals  not  sup‐\nported by the hardware but available to the ioctl() interface are usually shown low.\n\nWhen  the CLOCAL status bit is true, the whole set of modem signals is placed inside curly\nbraces ({ and }).  When the CRTSCTS or TIOCSOFTCAR bit is set, the signals `CTS'  or  `CD'\nare shown in parenthesis, respectively.\n\nFor tty windows, the command break causes the Data transmission line (TxD) to go low for a\nspecified period of time. This is expected to be interpreted as break signal on the  other\nside.  No data is sent and no modem control line is changed when a break is issued.\n\n\n•  If  the  first  parameter is //telnet, the second parameter is expected to be a host name,\nand an optional third parameter may specify  a  TCP  port  number  (default  decimal  23).\nScreen  will  connect to a server listening on the remote host and use the telnet protocol\nto communicate with that server.\n\nFor telnet windows, the command info shows details about the connection in square brackets ([\nand ]) at the end of the status line.\n\nb      BINARY. The connection is in binary mode.\n\ne      ECHO. Local echo is disabled.\n\nc      SGA. The connection is in `character mode' (default: `line mode').\n\nt      TTYPE.  The  terminal type has been requested by the remote host.  Screen sends\nthe name screen unless instructed otherwise (see also the command `term').\n\nw      NAWS. The remote site is notified about window size changes.\n\nf      LFLOW. The remote host will send flow control information.  (Ignored at the mo‐\nment.)\n\nAdditional flags for debugging are x, t and n (XDISPLOC, TSPEED and NEWENV).\n\nFor telnet windows, the command break sends the telnet code IAC BREAK (decimal 243) to\nthe remote host.\n\n\nThis window type is only available if screen was compiled with the  ENABLETELNET  op‐\ntion defined.\n\n\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "STRING ESCAPES": {
                "content": "Screen provides an escape mechanism to insert information like the current time into messages\nor file names. The escape character is '%' with one exception: inside of a window's  hardsta‐\ntus '^%' ('^E') is used instead.\n\nHere is the full list of supported escapes:\n\n%      the escape character itself\n\nE      sets %? to true if the escape character has been pressed.\n\ne      encoding\n\nf      flags of the window, see windows for meanings of the various flags\n\nF      sets %? to true if the window has the focus\n\nh      hardstatus of the window\n\nH      hostname of the system\n\nn      window number\n\nP      sets %? to true if the current region is in copy/paste mode\n\nS      session name\n\ns      window size\n\nt      window title\n\nu      all other users on this window\n\nw      all  window  numbers and names. With '-' qualifier: up to the current window; with '+'\nqualifier: starting with the window after the current one.\n\nW      all window numbers and names except the current one\n\nx      the executed command including arguments running in this windows\n\nX      the executed command without arguments running in this windows\n\n?      the part to the next '%?' is displayed only if a '%' escape inside the part expands to\na non-empty string\n\n:      else part of '%?'\n\n=      pad  the  string  to the display's width (like TeX's hfill). If a number is specified,\npad to the percentage of the window's width.  A '0' qualifier tells  screen  to  treat\nthe number as absolute position.  You can specify to pad relative to the last absolute\npad position by adding a '+' qualifier or to pad relative to the right margin by using\n'-'.  The  padding truncates the string if the specified position lies before the cur‐\nrent position. Add the 'L' qualifier to change this.\n\n<      same as '%=' but just do truncation, do not fill with spaces\n\n>      mark the current text position for the next truncation. When screen needs to do  trun‐\ncation,  it  tries to do it in a way that the marked position gets moved to the speci‐\nfied percentage of the output area. (The area starts from the last absolute pad  posi‐\ntion  and ends with the position specified by the truncation operator.) The 'L' quali‐\nfier tells screen to mark the truncated parts with '...'.\n\n{      attribute/color modifier string terminated by the next }\n\n`      Substitute with the output of a 'backtick' command. The length qualifier is misused to\nidentify one of the commands.\n\nThe  'c'  and 'C' escape may be qualified with a '0' to make screen use zero instead of space\nas fill character. The '0' qualifier also makes the '=' escape use  absolute  positions.  The\n'n'  and  '=' escapes understand a length qualifier (e.g. '%3n'), 'D' and 'M' can be prefixed\nwith 'L' to generate long names, 'w' and 'W' also show the window flags if 'L' is given.\n\nAn attribute/color modifier is used to change the attributes or the color settings. Its  for‐\nmat is [attribute modifier] [color description]. The attribute modifier must be prefixed by a\nchange type indicator if it can be confused with a color description.  The  following  change\ntypes are known:\n\n+      add the specified set to the current attributes\n\n-      remove the set from the current attributes\n\n!      invert the set in the current attributes\n\n=      change the current attributes to the specified set\n\nThe  attribute  set  can  either be specified as a hexadecimal number or a combination of the\nfollowing letters:\n\nd      dim\nu      underline\nb      bold\nr      reverse\ns      /standout\nB      blinking\n\nColors are coded either as a hexadecimal number or two letters specifying the  desired  back‐\nground and foreground color (in that order). The following colors are known:\n\nk      black\nr      red\ng      green\ny      yellow\nb      blue\nm      magenta\nc      cyan\nw      white\nd      default color\n.      leave color unchanged\n\nThe  capitalized  versions  of the letter specify bright colors. You can also use the pseudo-\ncolor 'i' to set just the brightness and leave the color unchanged.\nA one digit/letter color description is treated as foreground or background  color  dependent\non the current attributes: if reverse mode is set, the background color is changed instead of\nthe foreground color.  If you don't like this, prefix the color with a ..  If  you  want  the\nsame behavior for two-letter color descriptions, also prefix them with a ..\nAs  a  special  case,  %{-}  restores the attributes and colors that were set before the last\nchange was made (i.e., pops one level of the color-change stack).\n\nExamples:\n\nG      set color to bright green\n\n+b r   use bold red\n\n= yd   clear all attributes, write in default color on yellow background.\n\n%-Lw%{= BW}%50>%n%f* %t%{-}%+Lw%<\nThe available windows centered at the current window and truncated  to  the  available\nwidth.  The current window is displayed white on blue.  This can be used with hardsta‐\ntus alwayslastline.\n\n%?%F%{.R.}%?%3n %t%? [%h]%?\nThe window number and title and the window's hardstatus, if one is set.   Also  use  a\nred background if this is the active focus. Useful for caption string.\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "FLOW-CONTROL": {
                "content": "Each window has a flow-control setting that determines how screen deals with the XON and XOFF\ncharacters (and perhaps the interrupt character).  When flow-control is  turned  off,  screen\nignores  the  XON and XOFF characters, which allows the user to send them to the current pro‐\ngram by simply typing them (useful for the emacs editor, for  instance).   The  trade-off  is\nthat  it  will  take longer for output from a normal program to pause in response to an XOFF.\nWith flow-control turned on, XON and XOFF characters are used to immediately pause the output\nof  the  current window.  You can still send these characters to the current program, but you\nmust use the appropriate two-character screen commands (typically  C-a  q  (xon)  and  C-a  s\n(xoff)).   The  xon/xoff commands are also useful for typing C-s and C-q past a terminal that\nintercepts these characters.\n\nEach window has an initial flow-control value set with either the -f option  or  the  defflow\n.screenrc  command. Per default the windows are set to automatic flow-switching.  It can then\nbe toggled between the three states 'fixed on', 'fixed  off'  and  'automatic'  interactively\nwith the flow command bound to \"C-a f\".\n\nThe automatic flow-switching mode deals with flow control using the TIOCPKT mode (like rlogin\ndoes). If the tty driver does not support TIOCPKT, screen tries to find out  the  right  mode\nbased  on the current setting of the application keypad - when it is enabled, flow-control is\nturned off and visa versa.  Of course, you can still manipulate  flow-control  manually  when\nneeded.\n\nIf you're running with flow-control enabled and find that pressing the interrupt key (usually\nC-c) does not interrupt the display until another 6-8 lines have  scrolled  by,  try  running\nscreen  with  the  interrupt  option  (add  the  interrupt  flag  to the flow command in your\n.screenrc, or use the -i command-line option).  This causes the output that screen has  accu‐\nmulated  from  the  interrupted  program to be flushed.  One disadvantage is that the virtual\nterminal's memory contains the non-flushed version of the output, which  in  rare  cases  can\ncause  minor  inaccuracies  in the output.  For example, if you switch screens and return, or\nupdate the screen with C-a l you would see the version of the output you  would  have  gotten\nwithout  interrupt being on.  Also, you might need to turn off flow-control (or use auto-flow\nmode to turn it off automatically) when running a program that expects you to type the inter‐\nrupt character as input, as it is possible to interrupt the output of the virtual terminal to\nyour physical terminal when flow-control is enabled.  If this happens, a  simple  refresh  of\nthe screen with C-a l will restore it.  Give each mode a try, and use whichever mode you find\nmore comfortable.\n\n\n",
                "subsections": [
                    {
                        "name": "TITLES (naming windows)",
                        "content": "You can customize each window's name in the window display (viewed with the  windows  command\n(C-a  w))  by  setting it with one of the title commands.  Normally the name displayed is the\nactual command name of the program created in the window.  However, it is sometimes useful to\ndistinguish various programs of the same name or to change the name on-the-fly to reflect the\ncurrent state of the window.\n\nThe default name for all shell windows  can  be  set  with  the  shelltitle  command  in  the\n.screenrc  file,  while all other windows are created with a screen command and thus can have\ntheir name set with the -t option.  Interactively, there is the title-string  escape-sequence\n(<esc>kname<esc>\\)  and the title command (C-a A).  The former can be output from an applica‐\ntion to control the window's name under software control, and the latter will  prompt  for  a\nname  when  typed.  You can also bind pre-defined names to keys with the title command to set\nthings quickly without prompting. Changing title by this escape sequence can be controlled by\ndefdynamictitle and dynamictitle commands.\n\nFinally,  screen  has a shell-specific heuristic that is enabled by setting the window's name\nto search|name and arranging to have a null title escape-sequence output as a  part  of  your\nprompt.   The search portion specifies an end-of-prompt search string, while the name portion\nspecifies the default shell name for the window.  If the name ends in a `:' screen  will  add\nwhat  it  believes to be the current command running in the window to the end of the window's\nshell name (e.g. name:cmd).  Otherwise the current command name  supersedes  the  shell  name\nwhile it is running.\n\nHere's  how  it  works:   you must modify your shell prompt to output a null title-escape-se‐\nquence (<esc>k<esc>\\) as a part of your prompt.  The last part of your  prompt  must  be  the\nsame  as  the string you specified for the search portion of the title.  Once this is set up,\nscreen will use the title-escape-sequence to clear the previous command name  and  get  ready\nfor  the next command.  Then, when a newline is received from the shell, a search is made for\nthe end of the prompt.  If found, it will grab the first word after the  matched  string  and\nuse  it  as the command name.  If the command name begins with either '!', '%', or '^' screen\nwill use the first word on the following line (if found)  in  preference  to  the  just-found\nname.  This helps csh users get better command names when using job control or history recall\ncommands.\n\nHere's some .screenrc examples:\n\nscreen -t top 2 nice top\n\nAdding this line to your .screenrc would start a nice-d version of the top command in  window\n2 named top rather than nice.\n\nshelltitle '> |csh'\nscreen 1\n\nThese  commands  would  start  a  shell with the given shelltitle.  The title specified is an\nauto-title that would expect the prompt and the typed command to look something like the fol‐\nlowing:\n\n/usr/joe/src/dir> trn\n\n(it  looks  after  the '> ' for the command name).  The window status would show the name trn\nwhile the command was running, and revert to csh upon completion.\n\nbind R screen -t '% |root:' su\n\nHaving this command in your .screenrc would bind the key sequence C-a R to the su command and\ngive  it  an  auto-title  name  of root:.  For this auto-title to work, the screen could look\nsomething like this:\n\n% !em\nemacs file.c\n\nHere the user typed the csh history command !em which ran the previously entered  emacs  com‐\nmand.   The  window status would show root:emacs during the execution of the command, and re‐\nvert to simply root: at its completion.\n\nbind o title\nbind E title \"\"\nbind u title (unknown)\n\nThe first binding doesn't have any arguments, so it would prompt you for  a  title  when  you\ntype  C-a  o.   The  second binding would clear an auto-title's current setting (C-a E).  The\nthird binding would set the current window's title to (unknown) (C-a u).\n\nOne thing to keep in mind when adding a null title-escape-sequence to  your  prompt  is  that\nsome  shells  (like  the  csh)  count  all the non-control characters as part of the prompt's\nlength.  If these invisible characters aren't a multiple of 8 then  backspacing  over  a  tab\nwill  result  in  an  incorrect  display.  One way to get around this is to use a prompt like\nthis:\n\nset prompt='^[[0000m^[k^[\\% '\n\nThe escape-sequence <esc>[0000m not only normalizes the character attributes, but all the ze‐\nros  round  the length of the invisible characters up to 8.  Bash users will probably want to\necho the escape sequence in the PROMPTCOMMAND:\n\nPROMPTCOMMAND='printf \"\\033k\\033\\134\"'\n\n(I used \\134 to output a `\\' because of a bug in bash v1.04).\n\n\n"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "THE VIRTUAL TERMINAL": {
                "content": "Each window in a screen session emulates a VT100 terminal, with some extra  functions  added.\nThe VT100 emulator is hard-coded, no other terminal types can be emulated.\nUsually  screen  tries to emulate as much of the VT100/ANSI standard as possible. But if your\nterminal lacks certain capabilities, the emulation may not be complete. In these cases screen\nhas to tell the applications that some of the features are missing. This is no problem on ma‐\nchines using termcap, because screen can use the $TERMCAP variable to customize the  standard\nscreen termcap.\n\nBut  if you do a rlogin on another machine or your machine supports only terminfo this method\nfails. Because of this, screen offers a way to deal with these cases.  Here is how it works:\n\nWhen screen tries to figure out a terminal name for itself, it first looks for an entry named\nscreen.<term>, where <term> is the contents of your $TERM variable.  If no such entry exists,\nscreen tries screen (or screen-w if the terminal is wide (132 cols or more)).  If  even  this\nentry cannot be found, vt100 is used as a substitute.\n\nThe  idea  is  that  if  you have a terminal which doesn't support an important feature (e.g.\ndelete char or clear to EOS) you can build a new termcap/terminfo  entry  for  screen  (named\nscreen.<dumbterm>)  in which this capability has been disabled. If this entry is installed on\nyour machines you are able to do a rlogin and still keep the correct termcap/terminfo  entry.\nThe  terminal  name  is  put  in the $TERM variable of all new windows.  Screen also sets the\n$TERMCAP variable reflecting the capabilities of the virtual terminal emulated. Notice  that,\nhowever,  on  machines using the terminfo database this variable has no effect.  Furthermore,\nthe variable $WINDOW is set to the window number of each window.\n\nThe actual set of capabilities supported by the virtual terminal depends on the  capabilities\nsupported by the physical terminal.  If, for instance, the physical terminal does not support\nunderscore mode, screen does not put the `us' and `ue' capabilities into the window's  $TERM‐\nCAP  variable, accordingly.  However, a minimum number of capabilities must be supported by a\nterminal in order to run screen; namely scrolling, clear screen, and direct cursor addressing\n(in addition, screen does not run on hardcopy terminals or on terminals that over-strike).\n\nAlso, you can customize the $TERMCAP value used by screen by using the termcap .screenrc com‐\nmand, or by defining the variable $SCREENCAP prior to startup.  When the latter  is  defined,\nits  value  will be copied verbatim into each window's $TERMCAP variable.  This can either be\nthe full terminal definition, or a filename where the terminal screen  (and/or  screen-w)  is\ndefined.\n\nNote  that screen honors the terminfo .screenrc command if the system uses the terminfo data‐\nbase rather than termcap.\n\nWhen the boolean `G0' capability is present in the termcap entry for the  terminal  on  which\nscreen  has  been  called, the terminal emulation of screen supports multiple character sets.\nThis allows an application to make use of, for instance, the VT100 graphics character set  or\nnational  character  sets.  The following control functions from ISO 2022 are supported: lock\nshift G0 (SI), lock shift G1 (SO), lock shift G2, lock shift G3, single shift G2, and  single\nshift G3.  When a virtual terminal is created or reset, the ASCII character set is designated\nas G0 through G3.  When the `G0' capability is present,  screen  evaluates  the  capabilities\n`S0',  `E0',  and `C0' if present. `S0' is the sequence the terminal uses to enable and start\nthe graphics character set rather than SI.  `E0' is the  corresponding  replacement  for  SO.\n`C0'  gives  a  character  by  character translation string that is used during semi-graphics\nmode. This string is built like the `acsc' terminfo capability.\n\nWhen the `po' and `pf' capabilities are present in the terminal's termcap entry, applications\nrunning  in a screen window can send output to the printer port of the terminal.  This allows\na user to have an application in one window sending output to a printer connected to the ter‐\nminal,  while  all  other  windows are still active (the printer port is enabled and disabled\nagain for each chunk of output).  As a side-effect, programs running in different windows can\nsend  output to the printer simultaneously.  Data sent to the printer is not displayed in the\nwindow.  The info command displays a line starting `PRIN' while the printer is active.\n\nScreen maintains a hardstatus line for every window. If a window gets selected, the display's\nhardstatus will be updated to match the window's hardstatus line. If the display has no hard‐\nstatus the line will be displayed as a standard screen message.  The hardstatus line  can  be\nchanged  with  the ANSI Application Program Command (APC): ESC<string>ESC\\. As a convenience\nfor xterm users the sequence ESC]0..2;<string>^G is also accepted.\n\nSome capabilities are only put into the $TERMCAP variable of the virtual terminal if they can\nbe  efficiently  implemented  by  the physical terminal.  For instance, `dl' (delete line) is\nonly put into the $TERMCAP variable if the terminal supports either  delete  line  itself  or\nscrolling  regions. Note that this may provoke confusion, when the session is reattached on a\ndifferent terminal, as the value of $TERMCAP cannot be modified by parent processes.\n\nThe \"alternate screen\" capability is not enabled by default.   Set  the  altscreen  .screenrc\ncommand to enable it.\n\nThe  following  is  a  list  of control sequences recognized by screen.  (V) and (A) indicate\nVT100-specific and ANSI- or ISO-specific functions, respectively.\n\nESC E                      Next Line\n\nESC D                      Index\n\nESC M                      Reverse Index\n\nESC H                      Horizontal Tab Set\n\nESC Z                      Send VT100 Identification String\n\nESC 7                 (V)  Save Cursor and Attributes\n\nESC 8                 (V)  Restore Cursor and Attributes\n\nESC [s                (A)  Save Cursor and Attributes\n\nESC [u                (A)  Restore Cursor and Attributes\n\nESC c                      Reset to Initial State\n\nESC g                      Visual Bell\n\nESC Pn p                   Cursor Visibility (97801)\n\nPn = 6                     Invisible\n\nPn = 7                     Visible\n\nESC =                 (V)  Application Keypad Mode\n\nESC >                 (V)  Numeric Keypad Mode\n\nESC # 8               (V)  Fill Screen with E's\n\nESC \\                 (A)  String Terminator\n\nESC ^                 (A)  Privacy Message String (Message Line)\n\nESC !                      Global Message String (Message Line)\n\nESC k                      A.k.a. Definition String\n\nESC P                 (A)  Device Control String.  Outputs a string directly to the host ter‐\nminal without interpretation.\n\nESC                  (A)  Application Program Command (Hardstatus)\n\nESC ] 0 ; string ^G   (A)  Operating System Command (Hardstatus, xterm title hack)\n\nESC ] 83 ; cmd ^G     (A)  Execute  screen  command. This only works if multi-user support is\ncompiled into screen. The pseudo-user :window: is  used  to  check\nthe  access  control list. Use addacl :window: -rwx #? to create a\nuser with no rights and allow only the needed commands.\n\nControl-N             (A)  Lock Shift G1 (SO)\n\nControl-O             (A)  Lock Shift G0 (SI)\n\nESC n                 (A)  Lock Shift G2\n\nESC o                 (A)  Lock Shift G3\n\nESC N                 (A)  Single Shift G2\n\nESC O                 (A)  Single Shift G3\n\nESC ( Pcs             (A)  Designate character set as G0\n\nESC ) Pcs             (A)  Designate character set as G1\n\nESC * Pcs             (A)  Designate character set as G2\n\nESC + Pcs             (A)  Designate character set as G3\n\nESC [ Pn ; Pn H            Direct Cursor Addressing\n\nESC [ Pn ; Pn f            same as above\n\nESC [ Pn J                 Erase in Display\n\nPn = None or 0             From Cursor to End of Screen\n\nPn = 1                     From Beginning of Screen to Cursor\n\nPn = 2                     Entire Screen\n\nESC [ Pn K                 Erase in Line\n\nPn = None or 0             From Cursor to End of Line\n\nPn = 1                     From Beginning of Line to Cursor\n\nPn = 2                     Entire Line\n\nESC [ Pn X                 Erase character\n\nESC [ Pn A                 Cursor Up\n\nESC [ Pn B                 Cursor Down\n\nESC [ Pn C                 Cursor Right\n\nESC [ Pn D                 Cursor Left\n\nESC [ Pn E                 Cursor next line\n\nESC [ Pn F                 Cursor previous line\n\nESC [ Pn G                 Cursor horizontal position\n\nESC [ Pn `                 same as above\n\nESC [ Pn d                 Cursor vertical position\n\nESC [ Ps ;...; Ps m        Select Graphic Rendition\n\nPs = None or 0             Default Rendition\n\nPs = 1                     Bold\n\nPs = 2                (A)  Faint\n\nPs = 3                (A)  Standout Mode (ANSI: Italicized)\n\nPs = 4                     Underlined\n\nPs = 5                     Blinking\n\nPs = 7                     Negative Image\n\nPs = 22               (A)  Normal Intensity\n\nPs = 23               (A)  Standout  Mode  off  (ANSI:  Italicized\noff)\n\nPs = 24               (A)  Not Underlined\n\nPs = 25               (A)  Not Blinking\n\nPs = 27               (A)  Positive Image\n\nPs = 30               (A)  Foreground Black\n\nPs = 31               (A)  Foreground Red\n\nPs = 32               (A)  Foreground Green\n\nPs = 33               (A)  Foreground Yellow\n\nPs = 34               (A)  Foreground Blue\n\nPs = 35               (A)  Foreground Magenta\n\nPs = 36               (A)  Foreground Cyan\n\nPs = 37               (A)  Foreground White\n\nPs = 39               (A)  Foreground Default\n\nPs = 40               (A)  Background Black\n\nPs = ...\n\nPs = 49               (A)  Background Default\n\nESC [ Pn g                 Tab Clear\n\nPn = None or 0             Clear Tab at Current Position\n\nPn = 3                     Clear All Tabs\n\nESC [ Pn ; Pn r       (V)  Set Scrolling Region\n\nESC [ Pn I            (A)  Horizontal Tab\n\nESC [ Pn Z            (A)  Backward Tab\n\nESC [ Pn L            (A)  Insert Line\n\nESC [ Pn M            (A)  Delete Line\n\nESC [ Pn @            (A)  Insert Character\n\nESC [ Pn P            (A)  Delete Character\n\nESC [ Pn S                 Scroll Scrolling Region Up\n\nESC [ Pn T                 Scroll Scrolling Region Down\n\nESC [ Pn ^                 same as above\n\nESC [ Ps ;...; Ps h        Set Mode\n\nESC [ Ps ;...; Ps l        Reset Mode\n\nPs = 4                (A)  Insert Mode\n\nPs = 20               (A)  Automatic Linefeed Mode\n\nPs = 34                    Normal Cursor Visibility\n\nPs = ?1               (V)  Application Cursor Keys\n\nPs = ?3               (V)  Change Terminal Width to 132 columns\n\nPs = ?5               (V)  Reverse Video\n\nPs = ?6               (V)  Origin Mode\n\nPs = ?7               (V)  Wrap Mode\n\nPs = ?9                    X10 mouse tracking\n\nPs = ?25              (V)  Visible Cursor\n\nPs = ?47                   Alternate Screen (old xterm code)\n\nPs = ?1000            (V)  VT200 mouse tracking\n\nPs = ?1047                 Alternate Screen (new xterm code)\n\nPs = ?1049                 Alternate Screen (new xterm code)\n\nESC [ 5 i             (A)  Start relay to printer (ANSI Media Copy)\n\nESC [ 4 i             (A)  Stop relay to printer (ANSI Media Copy)\n\nESC [ 8 ; Ph ; Pw t        Resize the window to `Ph' lines and `Pw' columns (SunView special)\n\nESC [ c                    Send VT100 Identification String\n\nESC [ x                    Send Terminal Parameter Report\n\nESC [ > c                  Send VT220 Secondary Device Attributes String\n\nESC [ 6 n                  Send Cursor Position Report\n\n\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "INPUT TRANSLATION": {
                "content": "In  order  to do a full VT100 emulation screen has to detect that a sequence of characters in\nthe input stream was generated by a keypress on the user's  keyboard  and  insert  the  VT100\nstyle  escape sequence. Screen has a very flexible way of doing this by making it possible to\nmap arbitrary commands on arbitrary sequences of characters. For standard VT100 emulation the\ncommand will always insert a string in the input buffer of the window (see also command stuff\nin the command table).  Because the sequences generated by a  keypress  can  change  after  a\nreattach  from a different terminal type, it is possible to bind commands to the termcap name\nof the keys.  Screen will insert the correct binding after each  reattach.  See  the  bindkey\ncommand for further details on the syntax and examples.\n\nHere  is the table of the default key bindings. The fourth is what command is executed if the\nkeyboard is switched into application mode.\n\n┌────────────────┬──────────────┬──────────┬──────────┐\n│Key name        │ Termcap name │ Command  │ App mode │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Cursor up       │ ku           │ \\033[A   │ \\033OA   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Cursor down     │ kd           │ \\033[B   │ \\033OB   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Cursor right    │ kr           │ \\033[C   │ \\033OC   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Cursor left     │ kl           │ \\033[D   │ \\033OD   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 0  │ k0           │ \\033[10~ │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 1  │ k1           │ \\033OP   │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 2  │ k2           │ \\033OQ   │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 3  │ k3           │ \\033OR   │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 4  │ k4           │ \\033OS   │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 5  │ k5           │ \\033[15~ │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 6  │ k6           │ \\033[17~ │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 7  │ k7           │ \\033[18~ │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 8  │ k8           │ \\033[19~ │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 9  │ k9           │ \\033[20~ │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 10 │ k;           │ \\033[21~ │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 11 │ F1           │ \\033[23~ │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Function key 12 │ F2           │ \\033[24~ │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Home            │ kh           │ \\033[1~  │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│End             │ kH           │ \\033[4~  │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Insert          │ kI           │ \\033[2~  │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Delete          │ kD           │ \\033[3~  │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Page up         │ kP           │ \\033[5~  │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Page down       │ kN           │ \\033[6~  │          │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 0        │ f0           │ 0        │ \\033Op   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 1        │ f1           │ 1        │ \\033Oq   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 2        │ f2           │ 2        │ \\033Or   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 3        │ f3           │ 3        │ \\033Os   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 4        │ f4           │ 4        │ \\033Ot   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 5        │ f5           │ 5        │ \\033Ou   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 6        │ f6           │ 6        │ \\033Ov   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 7        │ f7           │ 7        │ \\033Ow   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 8        │ f8           │ 8        │ \\033Ox   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad 9        │ f9           │ 9        │ \\033Oy   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad +        │ f+           │ +        │ \\033Ok   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad -        │ f-           │ -        │ \\033Om   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad *        │ f*           │ *        │ \\033Oj   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad /        │ f/           │ /        │ \\033Oo   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad =        │ fq           │ =        │ \\033OX   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad .        │ f.           │ .        │ \\033On   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad ,        │ f,           │ ,        │ \\033Ol   │\n├────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────┤\n│Keypad enter    │ fe           │ \\015     │ \\033OM   │\n└────────────────┴──────────────┴──────────┴──────────┘\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "SPECIAL TERMINAL CAPABILITIES": {
                "content": "The following table describes all terminal capabilities that are recognized by screen and are\nnot  in  the termcap(5) manual.  You can place these capabilities in your termcap entries (in\n`/etc/termcap') or use them with the commands `termcap', `terminfo' and `termcapinfo' in your\nscreenrc  files.  It  is often not possible to place these capabilities in the terminfo data‐\nbase.\n",
                "subsections": [
                    {
                        "name": "LP   _(bool)",
                        "content": "obsolete because screen uses the standard 'xn' instead.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Z0   _(str)",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Z1   _(str)",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "WS   _(str)",
                        "content": "SunView(tm) example: '\\E[8;%d;%dt'.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "NF   _(bool)",
                        "content": "Same as 'flow off'. The opposite of this capability is 'nx'.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "G0   _(bool)",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "S0   _(str)",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "E0   _(str)",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C0   _(str)",
                        "content": "more details.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "CS   _(str)",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "CE   _(str)",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "AN   _(bool)",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "OL   _(num)",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "KJ   _(str)",
                        "content": "ings.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "AF   _(str)",
                        "content": "almost always be set to '\\E[3%dm' ('\\E[3%p1%dm' on terminfo machines).\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "AB   _(str)",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "AX   _(bool)",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "XC   _(str)",
                        "content": "More details follow in the next section.\n"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "XT   _(bool)",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "C8   _(bool)",
                        "content": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "TF   _(bool)",
                        "content": ""
                    }
                ]
            },
            "CHARACTER TRANSLATION": {
                "content": "Screen has a powerful mechanism to translate characters to arbitrary strings depending on the\ncurrent font and terminal type.  Use this feature if you want to work with a common  standard\ncharacter set (say ISO8851-latin1) even on terminals that scatter the more unusual characters\nover several national language font pages.\n\nSyntax:\nXC=<charset-mapping>{,,<charset-mapping>}\n<charset-mapping> := <designator><template>{,<mapping>}\n<mapping> := <char-to-be-mapped><template-arg>\n\nThe things in braces may be repeated any number of times.\n\nA <charset-mapping> tells screen how to map characters in font <designator> ('B': Ascii, 'A':\nUK, 'K': German, etc.)  to strings. Every <mapping> describes to what string a single charac‐\nter will be translated. A template mechanism is used, as most of the time the  codes  have  a\nlot in common (for example strings to switch to and from another charset). Each occurrence of\n'%' in <template> gets substituted with the <template-arg> specified together with the  char‐\nacter.  If your strings are not similar at all, then use '%' as a template and place the full\nstring in <template-arg>. A quoting mechanism was added to make it possible  to  use  a  real\n'%'. The '\\' character quotes the special characters '\\', '%', and ','.\n\nHere is an example:\n\ntermcap hp700 'XC=B\\E(K%\\E(B,\\304[,\\326\\\\\\\\,\\334]'\n\nThis  tells screen how to translate ISOlatin1 (charset 'B') upper case umlaut characters on a\nhp700 terminal that has a German charset. '\\304' gets translated to '\\E(K[\\E(B'  and  so  on.\nNote  that  this  line  gets  parsed *three* times before the internal lookup table is built,\ntherefore a lot of quoting is needed to create a single '\\'.\n\nAnother extension was added to allow more emulation: If a mapping translates the unquoted '%'\nchar, it will be sent to the terminal whenever screen switches to the corresponding <designa‐\ntor>. In this special case the template is assumed to be just '%' because the charset  switch\nsequence and the character mappings normally haven't much in common.\n\nThis example shows one use of the extension:\n\ntermcap xterm 'XC=K%,%\\E(B,[\\304,\\\\\\\\\\326,]\\334'\n\nHere, a part of the German ('K') charset is emulated on an xterm.  If screen has to change to\nthe 'K' charset, '\\E(B' will be sent to the terminal, i.e. the ASCII charset is used instead.\nThe  template  is  just '%', so the mapping is straightforward: '[' to '\\304', '\\' to '\\326',\nand ']' to '\\334'.\n\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "ENVIRONMENT": {
                "content": "COLUMNS        Number of columns on the terminal (overrides termcap entry).\nHOME           Directory in which to look for .screenrc.\nLINES          Number of lines on the terminal (overrides termcap entry).\nLOCKPRG        Screen lock program.\nNETHACKOPTIONS Turns on nethack option.\nPATH           Used for locating programs to run.\nSCREENCAP      For customizing a terminal's TERMCAP value.\nSCREENDIR      Alternate socket directory.\nSCREENRC       Alternate user screenrc file.\nSHELL          Default shell program for opening windows (default /bin/sh).  See  also  shell\n.screenrc command.\nSTY            Alternate socket name.\nSYSSCREENRC    Alternate system screenrc file.\nTERM           Terminal name.\nTERMCAP        Terminal description.\nWINDOW         Window number of a window (at creation time).\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "FILES": {
                "content": ".../screen-4.?.??/etc/screenrc\n.../screen-4.?.??/etc/etcscreenrc Examples in the screen distribution package for private and\nglobal initialization files.\n$SYSSCREENRC\n/etc/screenrc                     screen initialization commands\n$SCREENRC\n$HOME/.screenrc                   Read in after /etc/screenrc\n$SCREENDIR/S-<login>\n/run/screen/S-<login>             Socket directories (default)\n/usr/tmp/screens/S-<login>        Alternate socket directories.\n<socket directory>/.termcap       Written by the \"termcap\" output function\n/usr/tmp/screens/screen-exchange  or\n/tmp/screen-exchange              screen `interprocess communication buffer'\nhardcopy.[0-9]                    Screen images created by the hardcopy function\nscreenlog.[0-9]                   Output log files created by the log function\n/usr/lib/terminfo/?/*             or\n/etc/termcap                      Terminal capability databases\n/run/utmp                         Login records\n$LOCKPRG                          Program that locks a terminal.\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "AUTHORS": {
                "content": "Originally created by Oliver Laumann. For a long time maintained  and  developed  by  Juergen\nWeigert, Michael Schroeder, Micah Cowan and Sadrul Habib Chowdhury. Since 2015 maintained and\ndeveloped by Amadeusz  Slawinski  <amade@asmblr.net>  and  Alexander  Naumov  <alexandernau‐\nmov@opensuse.org>.\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "COPYLEFT": {
                "content": "Copyright (c) 2018-2022\nAlexander Naumov <alexandernaumov@opensuse.org>\nAmadeusz Slawinski <amade@asmblr.net>\nCopyright (c) 2015-2017\nJuergen Weigert <jnweiger@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>\nAlexander Naumov <alexandernaumov@opensuse.org>\nAmadeusz Slawinski <amade@asmblr.net>\nCopyright (c) 2010-2015\nJuergen Weigert <jnweiger@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>\nSadrul Habib Chowdhury <sadrul@users.sourceforge.net>\nCopyright (c) 2008, 2009\nJuergen Weigert <jnweiger@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>\nMichael Schroeder <mlschroe@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>\nMicah Cowan <micah@cowan.name>\nSadrul Habib Chowdhury <sadrul@users.sourceforge.net>\nCopyright (C) 1993-2003\nJuergen Weigert <jnweiger@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>\nMichael Schroeder <mlschroe@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>\nCopyright (C) 1987 Oliver Laumann\n\nThis  program  is  free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of\nthe GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation;  either  version\n3, or (at your option) any later version.\nThis  program  is  distributed  in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;\nwithout even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS  FOR  A  PARTICULAR  PURPOSE.\nSee the GNU General Public License for more details.\nYou  should  have  received  a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program\n(see the file COPYING); if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple  Place\n- Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "CONTRIBUTORS": {
                "content": "Maarten ter Huurne <maarten@treewalker.org>,\nJussi Kukkonen <jussi.kukkonen@intel.com>,\nEric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>,\nThomas Renninger <treen@suse.com>,\nAxel Beckert <abe@deuxchevaux.org>,\nKen Beal <kbeal@amber.ssd.csd.harris.com>,\nRudolf Koenig <rfkoenig@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>,\nToerless Eckert <eckert@immd4.informatik.uni-erlangen.de>,\nWayne Davison <davison@borland.com>,\nPatrick Wolfe <pat@kai.com, kailand!pat>,\nBart Schaefer <schaefer@cse.ogi.edu>,\nNathan Glasser <nathan@brokaw.lcs.mit.edu>,\nLarry W. Virden <lvirden@cas.org>,\nHoward Chu <hyc@hanauma.jpl.nasa.gov>,\nTim MacKenzie <tym@dibbler.cs.monash.edu.au>,\nMarkku Jarvinen <mta@{cc,cs,ee}.tut.fi>,\nMarc Boucher <marc@CAM.ORG>,\nDoug Siebert <dsiebert@isca.uiowa.edu>,\nKen Stillson <stillson@tsfsrv.mitre.org>,\nIan Frechett <frechett@spot.Colorado.EDU>,\nBrian Koehmstedt <bpk@gnu.ai.mit.edu>,\nDon Smith <djs6015@ultb.isc.rit.edu>,\nFrank van der Linden <vdlinden@fwi.uva.nl>,\nMartin Schweikert <schweik@cpp.ob.open.de>,\nDavid Vrona <dave@sashimi.lcu.com>,\nE. Tye McQueen <tye%spillman.UUCP@uunet.uu.net>,\nMatthew Green <mrg@eterna.com.au>,\nChristopher Williams <cgw@pobox.com>,\nMatt Mosley <mattm@access.digex.net>,\nGregory Neil Shapiro <gshapiro@wpi.WPI.EDU>,\nJohannes Zellner <johannes@zellner.org>,\nPablo Averbuj <pablo@averbuj.com>.\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "AVAILABILITY": {
                "content": "The    latest    official    release   of   screen   available   via   anonymous   ftp   from\nftp.gnu.org/gnu/screen/ or any other GNU distribution  site.  The  home  page  of  screen  is\nhttps://savannah.gnu.org/projects/screen/    and   the   git   repo   is   https://git.savan‐\nnah.gnu.org/cgit/screen.git.  If you want to help, send a note to screen-devel@gnu.org.\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "BUGS": {
                "content": "•  `dm' (delete mode) and `xs' are not handled correctly (they are ignored). `xn' is  treated\nas a magic-margin indicator.\n\n•  Screen has no clue about double-high or double-wide characters.  But this is the only area\nwhere vttest is allowed to fail.\n\n•  It is not possible to change the environment variable $TERMCAP when  reattaching  under  a\ndifferent terminal type.\n\n•  The support of terminfo based systems is very limited. Adding extra capabilities to $TERM‐\nCAP may not have any effects.\n\n•  Screen does not make use of hardware tabs.\n\n•  Screen must be installed as set-uid with owner root on most systems in order to be able to\ncorrectly change the owner of the tty device file for each window.  Special permission may\nalso be required to write the file /run/utmp.\n\n•  Entries in /run/utmp are not removed when screen is killed with SIGKILL.  This will  cause\nsome programs (like \"w\" or \"rwho\") to advertise that a user is logged on who really isn't.\n\n•  Screen may give a strange warning when your tty has no utmp entry.\n\n•  When  the modem line was hung up, screen may not automatically detach (or quit) unless the\ndevice driver is configured to send a HANGUP signal.  To detach a screen session  use  the\n-D or -d command line option.\n\n•  If  a  password  is set, the command line options -d and -D still detach a session without\nasking.\n\n•  Both breaktype and defbreaktype change the break generating method used  by  all  terminal\ndevices. The first should change a window specific setting, where the latter should change\nonly the default for new windows.\n\n•  When attaching to a multiuser session, the user's .screenrc  file  is  not  sourced.  Each\nuser's  personal settings have to be included in the .screenrc file from which the session\nis booted, or have to be changed manually.\n\n•  A weird imagination is most useful to gain full advantage of all the features.\n\nSend bug-reports, fixes, enhancements, t-shirts, money, beer & pizza to screen-devel@gnu.org.\n\n",
                "subsections": []
            },
            "SEE ALSO": {
                "content": "",
                "subsections": [
                    {
                        "name": "termcap(5), utmp(5), vi(1), captoinfo(1), tic(1), tty(4), pty(7)",
                        "content": "GNU Screen 4.9.0                             2022 Jan 30                                   SCREEN(1)"
                    }
                ]
            }
        }
    }
}