# phpman > man > RUSHLAST(1) [RUSHLAST(1)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/RUSHLAST/1/markdown) Rush User Reference [RUSHLAST(1)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/RUSHLAST/1/markdown) ## NAME rushlast - show listing of last Rush logins ## SYNOPSIS **rushlast** [**-Hh**] [**-F** _STRING_] [**-f** _DIR_] [**-n** _NUMBER_] [**--file=**_DIR_] [**--format=**_STRING_] [**--forward**] [**--help**] [**--no-header**] [**--number=**_NUMBER_] [**--usage**] [**--version**] [_USER_...] ## NOTE This manpage is a short description of **rushlast**. For a detailed discussion, including exam‐ ples and usage recommendations, refer to the manual **GNU** **Rush** **--** **a** **restricted** **user** **shell**, available in texinfo format. If the **info** reader and the rush documentation are properly in‐ stalled on your system, the command **info** **rushlast** should give you access to the complete manual. You can also view the manual using the info mode in [**emacs**(1)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/emacs/1/markdown), or find it in various formats online at **** If any discrepancies occur between this manpage and the **Manual**, the later shall be considered the authoritative source. ## DESCRIPTION Searches back through the GNU Rush database and displays a list of all user sessions since the database was created. The utility operates on the default accounting database, which is maintained only if [**rush**(1)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/rush/1/markdown) runs in accounting mode. ## OPTIONS ### -F --format= Use _STRING_ instead of the default format. Use _STRING_ instead of the default format. See the section **FORMAT**, for a detailed discussion of the format syntax. If the _STRING_ begins with a **@**, then this character is removed from it, and the resulting string is regarded as a name of the file to read. The file is read literally, except that lines beginning with a semicolon are ignored. ### -f --file= Look for database files in _DIR_. ### --forward Show entries in chronological order. ### -H --no-header Do not display header line. ### -n --count= Show at most _NUMBER_ records. Other options ### -h --help Give this help list. ### --usage Give a short usage message. ### --version Print program version. ## ENVIRONMENT **RUSHLAST**___**FORMAT** When set, supplies a format string to use instead of the built-in format. If the value begins with a **@** sign, rest of characters is treated as the name of file to read the format from, similarly to the **--format** option, which see. The precedence rule for format selection is: 1. The **--format** option. 2. The **RUSHLAST**___**FORMAT** environment variable. 3. Built-in format. ## FORMATS The format string supplied with the **-F** (**--format**) option controls the output of every record from the GNU Rush accounting database. It consists of the following classes of objects: _Ordinary_ _characters_ These are copied to the output verbatim. _Escapes_ An escape is a backslash, followed by a single character. It is interpreted according to the following table: _Sequence_ _Replaced_ _with_ \a Audible bell character (ASCII 7) \b Backspace character (ASCII 8) \e Escape character (ASCII 27) \f Form-feed character (ASCII 12) \n Newline character (ASCII 10) \r Carriage return character (ASCII 13) \t Horizontal tabulation character (ASCII 9) \v Vertical tabulation character (ASCII 11) \\ A single backslash \" A double-quote. Any escape not listed in the table above results in its second character being output. _Quoted_ _strings_ Strings are delimited by single or double quotes. Within a string escape sequences are interpreted as described above. _Format_ _specifications_ Format specification can be regarded as a kind of function, which outputs a particular piece of information from the database record. Syntactically, format specification starts with an opening brace and ends with a closing brace. The first word after the brace is the name of the specification. The rest of words are _positional_ _arguments_ followed by _keyword_ _arguments_. Both are optional. A keyword argument begins with a colon. The available format specifications are: **(newline** [_COUNT_]**)** Causes the newline character to be output. If the optional _count_ is supplied, that many newlines will be printed **(tab** [_COUNT_]**)** Advance to the next tab stop in the output stream. If optional _COUNT_ is present, then skip that many tab stops. Each tab stop is eight characters long. The following specifications output particular fields of a database record. They all take two positional arguments: _WIDTH_ and _TITLE_. The first argument, _WIDTH_ sets the maximum output length for this specification. If the num‐ ber of characters actually output is less than the width, they will be padded with whitespace either to the left or to the right, depending on the presence of the **:right** keyword argument. If the number of characters is greater than _WIDTH_, they will be truncated to fit. If _WIDTH_ is not given, the exact data are output as is. The second argument, _TITLE_, gives the title of this column for the heading line. By default no title is output. Every field specification accepts at least two keyword arguments. The keyword **:right** may be used to request alignment to the right for the data. This keyword is ignored if _WIDTH_ is not given. The keyword **:empty** followed by a string causes the program to output that string if the re‐ sulting value for this specification would otherwise be empty. **(user** _WIDTH_ _TITLE_ [**:empty** _REPL_][**:right**]**)** Print the user login name. **(start-time** _WIDTH_ _TITLE_ [**:empty** _REPL_][**:right**][**:format** _DATE-FORMAT_]**)** Date and time when the session started. The **:format** keyword introduces the [**strftime**(3)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/strftime/3/markdown) format string to be used when convert‐ ing the date for printing. The default value is **"%a** **%H:%M"**. **(stop-time** _WIDTH_ _TITLE_ [**:empty** _REPL_][**:right**][**:format** _DATE-FORMAT_]**)** Time when the command finished. If it is still running, the word **running** is output. **(duration** _WIDTH_ _TITLE_ [**:empty** _REPL_][**:right**]**)** Total time of the session duration. **(rule** _WIDTH_ _TITLE_ [**:right**]**)** The tag of the rule that was used to serve the user. **(command** _WIDTH_ _TITLE_ [**:empty** _REPL_][**:right**]**)** Command line being executed. **(pid** _WIDTH_ _TITLE_ [**:right**]**)** PID of the process. The default format is: (user 10 Login)" " (rule 8 Rule)" " (start-time 0 Start)" " (stop-time 0 Stop)" " (duration 7 Time)" " (command 32 Command) ## SEE ALSO [**rush**(1)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/rush/1/markdown), [**rushwho**(1)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/rushwho/1/markdown). ## AUTHORS Sergey Poznyakoff ## BUG REPORTS Report bugs to <>. ## COPYRIGHT Copyright © 2016 Sergey Poznyakoff License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <> This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. RUSHLAST August 17, 2016 [RUSHLAST(1)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/RUSHLAST/1/markdown)