On Apache
Under GNU General Public License
2025-12-05 07:04 @216.73.216.136 CrawledBy Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)
NKF(3pm) User Contributed Perl Documentation NKF(3pm)
NAME
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Nkf is a yet another kanji code converter among networks, hosts and terminals. It
converts input kanji code to designated kanji code such as ISO-2022-JP, Shift_JIS, EUC-JP,
UTF-8, UTF-16 or UTF-32.
One of the most unique faculty of nkf is the guess of the input kanji encodings. It
currently recognizes ISO-2022-JP, Shift_JIS, EUC-JP, UTF-8, UTF-16 and UTF-32. So users
needn't set the input kanji code explicitly.
By default, X0201 kana is converted into X0208 kana. For X0201 kana, SO/SI, SSO and
ESC-(-I methods are supported. For automatic code detection, nkf assumes no X0201 kana in
Shift_JIS. To accept X0201 in Shift_JIS, use -X, -x or -S.
multiple options are specifed as seprate strings, such as
print nkf('--ic=UTF8-MAC', '-w', $string), "\n";
except the last arguments.
OPTIONS
-J -S -E -W -W16 -W32 -j -s -e -w -w16 -w32
Specify input and output encodings. Upper case is input. cf. --ic and --oc.
-J ISO-2022-JP (JIS code).
-S Shift_JIS and JIS X 0201 kana. EUC-JP is recognized as X0201 kana. Without -x
flag, JIS X 0201 Katakana (a.k.a.halfwidth kana) is converted into JIS X 0208. If
you use Windows, see Windows-31J (CP932).
-E EUC-JP.
-W UTF-8N.
-W16[BL][0]
UTF-16. B or L gives whether Big Endian or Little Endian. 0 gives whther put BOM
or not.
-W32[BL][0]
UTF-32. B or L gives whether Big Endian or Little Endian. 0 gives whther put BOM
or not.
-b -u
Output is buffered (DEFAULT), Output is unbuffered.
-t No conversion.
-i[@B]
Specify the escape sequence for JIS X 0208.
-i@ Use ESC ( @. (JIS X 0208-1978)
-iB Use ESC ( B. (JIS X 0208-1983/1990 DEFAULT)
-o[BJ]
Specify the escape sequence for US-ASCII/JIS X 0201 Roman. (DEFAULT B)
-r {de/en}crypt ROT13/47
-h[123] --hiragana --katakana --katakana-hiragana
-h1 --hiragana
Katakana to Hiragana conversion.
-h2 --katakana
Hiragana to Katakana conversion.
-h3 --katakana-hiragana
Katakana to Hiragana and Hiragana to Katakana conversion.
-T Text mode output (MS-DOS)
-f[m [- n]]
Folding on m length with n margin in a line. Without this option, fold length is 60
and fold margin is 10.
-F New line preserving line folding.
-Z[0-3]
Convert X0208 alphabet (Fullwidth Alphabets) to ASCII.
-Z -Z0
Convert X0208 alphabet to ASCII.
-Z1 Convert X0208 kankaku to single ASCII space.
-Z2 Convert X0208 kankaku to double ASCII spaces.
-Z3 Replacing fullwidth >, <, ", & into '>', '<', '"', '&' as in HTML.
-X -x
With -X or without this option, X0201 is converted into X0208 Kana. With -x, try to
preserve X0208 kana and do not convert X0201 kana to X0208. In JIS output, ESC-(-I is
used. In EUC output, SS2 is used.
-B[0-2]
Assume broken JIS-Kanji input, which lost ESC. Useful when your site is using old
B-News Nihongo patch.
-B1 allows any chars after ESC-( or ESC-$.
-B2 force ASCII after NL.
-I Replacing non iso-2022-jp char into a geta character (substitute character in
Japanese).
-m[BQN0]
MIME ISO-2022-JP/ISO8859-1 decode. (DEFAULT) To see ISO8859-1 (Latin-1) -l is
necessary.
-mB Decode MIME base64 encoded stream. Remove header or other part before conversion.
-mQ Decode MIME quoted stream. '_' in quoted stream is converted to space.
-mN Non-strict decoding. It allows line break in the middle of the base64 encoding.
-m0 No MIME decode.
-M MIME encode. Header style. All ASCII code and control characters are intact.
-MB MIME encode Base64 stream. Kanji conversion is performed before encoding, so this
cannot be used as a picture encoder.
-MQ Perform quoted encoding.
-l Input and output code is ISO8859-1 (Latin-1) and ISO-2022-JP. -s, -e and -x are not
compatible with this option.
-L[uwm] -d -c
Convert line breaks.
-Lu -d
unix (LF)
-Lw -c
windows (CRLF)
-Lm mac (CR)
Without this option, nkf doesn't convert line breaks.
--fj --unix --mac --msdos --windows
Convert for these systems.
--jis --euc --sjis --mime --base64
Convert to named code.
--jis-input --euc-input --sjis-input --mime-input --base64-input
Assume input system
--ic=input codeset --oc=output codeset
Set the input or output codeset. NKF supports following codesets and those codeset
names are case insensitive.
ISO-2022-JP
a.k.a. RFC1468, 7bit JIS, JUNET
EUC-JP (eucJP-nkf)
a.k.a. AT&T JIS, Japanese EUC, UJIS
eucJP-ascii
eucJP-ms
CP51932
Microsoft Version of EUC-JP.
Shift_JIS
a.k.a. SJIS, MS_Kanji
Windows-31J
a.k.a. CP932
UTF-8
same as UTF-8N
UTF-8N
UTF-8 without BOM
UTF-8-BOM
UTF-8 with BOM
UTF8-MAC (input only)
decomposed UTF-8
UTF-16
same as UTF-16BE
UTF-16BE
UTF-16 Big Endian without BOM
UTF-16BE-BOM
UTF-16 Big Endian with BOM
UTF-16LE
UTF-16 Little Endian without BOM
UTF-16LE-BOM
UTF-16 Little Endian with BOM
UTF-32
same as UTF-32BE
UTF-32BE
UTF-32 Big Endian without BOM
UTF-32BE-BOM
UTF-32 Big Endian with BOM
UTF-32LE
UTF-32 Little Endian without BOM
UTF-32LE-BOM
UTF-32 Little Endian with BOM
--fb-{skip, html, xml, perl, java, subchar}
Specify the way that nkf handles unassigned characters. Without this option,
--fb-skip is assumed.
--prefix=escape charactertarget character..
When nkf converts to Shift_JIS, nkf adds a specified escape character to specified 2nd
byte of Shift_JIS characters. 1st byte of argument is the escape character and
following bytes are target characters.
--no-cp932ext
Handle the characters extended in CP932 as unassigned characters.
--no-best-fit-chars
When Unicode to Encoded byte conversion, don't convert characters which is not round
trip safe. When Unicode to Unicode conversion, with this and -x option, nkf can be
used as UTF converter. (In other words, without this and -x option, nkf doesn't save
some characters)
When nkf converts strings that related to path, you should use this opion.
--cap-input
Decode hex encoded characters.
--url-input
Unescape percent escaped characters.
--numchar-input
Decode character reference, such as "&#....;".
-- Ignore rest of -option.
AUTHOR
Copyright (c) 1987, Fujitsu LTD. (Itaru ICHIKAWA).
Copyright (c) 1996-2018, The nkf Project.
perl v5.34.0 2022-02-06 NKF(3pm)
Generated by $Id: phpMan.php,v 4.55 2007/09/05 04:42:51 chedong Exp $ Author: Che Dong
On Apache
Under GNU General Public License
2025-12-05 07:04 @216.73.216.136 CrawledBy Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)