# phpman > man > Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure

## NAME
    [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure/markdown) - parse fetched results

## SYNOPSIS
      use [Mail::IMAPClient](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient/markdown);
      use [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure/markdown);

      my $imap = [Mail::IMAPClient](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient/markdown)->new(
          Server => $server, User => $login, Password => $pass
      );

      $imap->select("INBOX") or die "Could not select INBOX: $@\n";

      my @recent = $imap->search("recent") or die "No recent msgs in INBOX\n";

      foreach my $id (@recent) {
          my $bsdat = $imap->fetch( $id, "bodystructure" );
          my $bso   = [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure/markdown)->new( join("", $imap->History) );
          my $mime  = $bso->bodytype . "/" . $bso->bodysubtype;
          my $parts = map( "\n\t" . $_, $bso->parts );
          print "Msg $id (Content-type: $mime) contains these parts:$parts\n";
      }

## DESCRIPTION
    This extension will parse the result of an IMAP FETCH BODYSTRUCTURE command into a perl data
    structure. It also provides helper methods to help pull information out of the data structure.

    This module requires [Parse::RecDescent](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Parse%3A%3ARecDescent/markdown).

## Class Methods
    The following class method is available:

  new
    This class method is the constructor method for instantiating new
    [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure/markdown) objects. The new method accepts one argument, a string
    containing a server response to a FETCH BODYSTRUCTURE directive.

    The module [Mail::IMAPClient](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient/markdown) provides the get_bodystructure convenience method to simplify use of
    this module when starting with just a messages sequence number or unique ID (UID).

## Object Methods
    The following object methods are available:

  bodytype
    The bodytype object method requires no arguments. It returns the bodytype for the message whose
    structure is described by the calling [Mail::IMAPClient::Bodystructure](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodystructure/markdown) object.

  bodysubtype
    The bodysubtype object method requires no arguments. It returns the bodysubtype for the message
    whose structure is described by the calling [Mail::IMAPClient::Bodystructure](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodystructure/markdown) object.

  bodyparms
    The bodyparms object method requires no arguments. It returns the bodyparms for the message
    whose structure is described by the calling [Mail::IMAPClient::Bodystructure](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodystructure/markdown) object.

  bodydisp
    The bodydisp object method requires no arguments. It returns the bodydisp for the message whose
    structure is described by the calling [Mail::IMAPClient::Bodystructure](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodystructure/markdown) object.

  bodyid
    The bodyid object method requires no arguments. It returns the bodyid for the message whose
    structure is described by the calling [Mail::IMAPClient::Bodystructure](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodystructure/markdown) object.

  bodydesc
    The bodydesc object method requires no arguments. It returns the bodydesc for the message whose
    structure is described by the calling [Mail::IMAPClient::Bodystructure](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodystructure/markdown) object.

  bodyenc
    The bodyenc object method requires no arguments. It returns the bodyenc for the message whose
    structure is described by the calling [Mail::IMAPClient::Bodystructure](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodystructure/markdown) object.

  bodysize
    The bodysize object method requires no arguments. It returns the bodysize for the message whose
    structure is described by the calling [Mail::IMAPClient::Bodystructure](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodystructure/markdown) object.

  bodylang
    The bodylang object method requires no arguments. It returns the bodylang for the message whose
    structure is described by the calling [Mail::IMAPClient::Bodystructure](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodystructure/markdown) object.

  bodystructure
    The bodystructure object method requires no arguments. It returns the bodystructure for the
    message whose structure is described by the calling [Mail::IMAPClient::Bodystructure](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodystructure/markdown) object.

  envelopestruct
    The envelopestruct object method requires no arguments. It returns a
    [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure::Envelope](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure%3A%3AEnvelope/markdown) object for the message from the calling
    [Mail::IMAPClient::Bodystructure](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodystructure/markdown) object.

  textlines
    The textlines object method requires no arguments. It returns the textlines for the message
    whose structure is described by the calling [Mail::IMAPClient::Bodystructure](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodystructure/markdown) object.

## [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure::Envelope](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure%3A%3AEnvelope/markdown)
    The IMAP standard specifies that output from the IMAP FETCH ENVELOPE command will be an RFC2060
    envelope structure. It further specifies that output from the FETCH BODYSTRUCTURE command may
    also contain embedded envelope structures (if, for example, a message's subparts contain one or
    more included messages). Objects belonging to [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure::Envelope](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure%3A%3AEnvelope/markdown) are Perl
    representations of these envelope structures, which is to say the nested parenthetical lists of
    RFC2060 translated into a Perl datastructure.

    Note that all of the fields relate to the specific part to which they belong. In other words,
    output from a FETCH nnnn ENVELOPE command (or, in [Mail::IMAPClient](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient/markdown),
    "$imap-"fetch($msgid,"ENVELOPE")> or "my $env = $imap-"get_envelope($msgid)>) are for the
    message, but fields from within a bodystructure relate to the message subpart and not the parent
    message.

    An envelope structure's [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure::Envelope](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure%3A%3AEnvelope/markdown) representation is a hash of
    thingies that looks like this:

      {
         subject   => "subject",
         inreplyto => "reference_message_id",
         from      => [ addressStruct1 ],
         messageid => "message_id",
         bcc       => [ addressStruct1, addressStruct2 ],
         date      => "Tue, 09 Jul 2002 14:15:53 -0400",
         replyto   => [ adressStruct1, addressStruct2 ],
         to        => [ adressStruct1, addressStruct2 ],
         sender    => [ adressStruct1 ],
         cc        => [ adressStruct1, addressStruct2 ],
      }

    The ...::Envelope object also has methods for accessing data in the structure. They are:

    date
        Returns the date of the message.

    inreplyto
        Returns the message id of the message to which this message is a reply.

    subject
        Returns the subject of the message.

    messageid
        Returns the message id of the message.

    You can also use the following methods to get addressing information. Each of these methods
    returns an array of [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure::Address](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure%3A%3AAddress/markdown) objects, which are perl data
    structures representing RFC2060 address structures. Some of these arrays would naturally contain
    one element (such as from, which normally contains a single "From:" address); others will often
    contain more than one address. However, because RFC2060 defines all of these as "lists of
    address structures", they are all translated into arrays of ...::Address objects.

    See the section on [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure::Address](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure%3A%3AAddress/markdown), below, for alternate (and
    preferred) ways of accessing these data.

    The methods available are:

    bcc Returns an array of blind cc'ed recipients' address structures. (Don't expect much in here
        unless the message was sent from the mailbox you're poking around in, by the way.)

    cc  Returns an array of cc'ed recipients' address structures.

    from
        Returns an array of "From:" address structures--usually just one.

    replyto
        Returns an array of "Reply-to:" address structures. Once again there is usually just one
        address in the list.

    sender
        Returns an array of senders' address structures--usually just one and usually the same as
        from.

    to  Returns an array of recipients' address structures.

    Each of the methods that returns a list of address structures (i.e. a list of
    [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure::Address](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure%3A%3AAddress/markdown) arrays) also has an analogous method that will return a
    list of E-Mail addresses instead. The addresses are in the format "personalname
    <mailboxname@hostname>" (see the section on [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure::Address](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure%3A%3AAddress/markdown), below)
    However, if the personal name is 'NIL' then it is omitted from the address.

    These methods are:

    bcc_addresses
        Returns a list (or an array reference if called in scalar context) of blind cc'ed
        recipients' email addresses. (Don't expect much in here unless the message was sent from the
        mailbox you're poking around in, by the way.)

    cc_addresses
        Returns a list of cc'ed recipients' email addresses. If called in a scalar context it
        returns a reference to an array of email addresses.

    from_addresses
        Returns a list of "From:" email addresses. If called in a scalar context it returns the
        first email address in the list. (It's usually a list of just one anyway.)

    replyto_addresses
        Returns a list of "Reply-to:" email addresses. If called in a scalar context it returns the
        first email address in the list.

    sender_addresses
        Returns a list of senders' email addresses. If called in a scalar context it returns the
        first email address in the list.

    to_addresses
        Returns a list of recipients' email addresses. If called in a scalar context it returns a
        reference to an array of email addresses.

    Note that context affects the behavior of all of the above methods.

    Those fields that will commonly contain multiple entries (i.e. they are recipients) will return
    an array reference when called in scalar context. You can use this behavior to optimize
    performance.

    Those fields that will commonly contain just one address (the sender's) will return the first
    (and usually only) address. You can use this behavior to optimize your development time.

## Addresses and the [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure::Address](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure%3A%3AAddress/markdown)
    Several components of an envelope structure are address structures. They are each parsed into
    their own object, [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure::Address](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure%3A%3AAddress/markdown), which looks like this:

       {
          mailboxname  => 'somebody.special',
          hostname     => 'somplace.weird.com'
          personalname => 'Somebody Special
          sourceroute  => 'NIL'
       }

    RFC2060 specifies that each address component of a bodystructure is a list of address
    structures, so [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure/markdown) parses each of these into an array of
    [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure::Address](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure%3A%3AAddress/markdown) objects.

    Each of these objects has the following methods available to it:

    mailboxname
        Returns the "mailboxname" portion of the address, which is the part to the left of the '@'
        sign.

    hostname
        Returns the "hostname" portion of the address, which is the part to the right of the '@'
        sign.

    personalname
        Returns the "personalname" portion of the address, which is the part of the address that's
        treated like a comment.

    sourceroute
        Returns the "sourceroute" portion of the address, which is typically "NIL".

    Taken together, the parts of an address structure form an address that will look something like
    this:

    "personalname <mailboxname@hostname>"

    Note that because the [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure::Address](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure%3A%3AAddress/markdown) objects come in arrays, it's
    generally easier to use the methods available to [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure::Envelope](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure%3A%3AEnvelope/markdown) to
    obtain all of the addresses in a particular array in one operation. These methods are provided,
    however, in case you'd rather do things the hard way. (And also because the aforementioned
    methods from [Mail::IMAPClient::BodyStructure::Envelope](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/perldoc/Mail%3A%3AIMAPClient%3A%3ABodyStructure%3A%3AEnvelope/markdown) need them anyway.)

## AUTHOR
    Original author: David J. Kernen; Reworked by: Mark Overmeer; Maintained by Phil Pearl.

## SEE ALSO
### perl