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Data::Visitor(3pm)             User Contributed Perl Documentation             Data::Visitor(3pm)

NAME
       Data::Visitor - Visitor style traversal of Perl data structures

VERSION
       version 0.31

SYNOPSIS
               # NOTE
               # You probably want to use Data::Visitor::Callback for trivial things

               package FooCounter;
               use Moose;

               extends qw(Data::Visitor);

               has number_of_foos => (
                       isa => "Int",
                       is  => "rw",
                       default => 0,
               );

               sub visit_value {
                       my ( $self, $data ) = @_;

                       if ( defined $data and $data eq "foo" ) {
                               $self->number_of_foos( $self->number_of_foos + 1 );
                       }

                       return $data;
               }

               my $counter = FooCounter->new;

               $counter->visit( {
                       this => "that",
                       some_foos => [ qw/foo foo bar foo/ ],
                       the_other => "foo",
               });

               $counter->number_of_foos; # this is now 4

DESCRIPTION
       This module is a simple visitor implementation for Perl values.

       It has a main dispatcher method, "visit", which takes a single perl value and then calls
       the methods appropriate for that value.

       It can recursively map (cloning as necessary) or just traverse most structures, with
       support for per object behavior, circular structures, visiting tied structures, and all
       ref types (hashes, arrays, scalars, code, globs).

       Data::Visitor is meant to be subclassed, but also ships with a callback driven subclass,
       Data::Visitor::Callback.

METHODS
       visit $data
           This method takes any Perl value as its only argument, and dispatches to the various
           other visiting methods using "visit_no_rec_check", based on the data's type.

           If the value is a reference and has already been seen then "visit_seen" is called.

       visit_seen $data, $first_result
           When an already seen value is encountered again, it is typically replaced with the
           result of the first visitation of that value. The value and the result of the first
           visitation are passed as arguments.

           Returns $first_result.

       visit_no_rec_check $data
           Called for any value that has not yet been seen. Does the actual type based dispatch
           for "visit".

           Should not be called directly unless forcing a circular structure to be unfolded. Use
           with caution as this may cause infinite recursion.

       visit_object $object
           If the value is a blessed object, "visit" calls this method. The base implementation
           will just forward to "visit_value".

       visit_ref $value
           Generic recursive visitor. All non blessed values are given to this.

           "visit_object" can delegate to this method in order to visit the object anyway.

           This will check if the visitor can handle "visit_$reftype" (lowercase), and if not
           delegate to "visit_value" instead.

       visit_array $array_ref
       visit_hash $hash_ref
       visit_glob $glob_ref
       visit_code $code_ref
       visit_scalar $scalar_ref
           These methods are called for the corresponding container type.

       visit_value $value
           If the value is anything else, this method is called. The base implementation will
           return $value.

       visit_hash_entries $hash
       visit_hash_entry $key, $value, $hash
           Delegates to "visit_hash_key" and "visit_hash_value". The value is passed as $_[2] so
           that it is aliased.

       visit_hash_key $key, $value, $hash
           Calls "visit" on the key and returns it.

       visit_hash_value $value, $key, $hash
           The value will be aliased (passed as $_[1]).

       visit_array_entries $array
       visit_array_entry $value, $index, $array
           Delegates to "visit" on value. The value is passed as $_[1] to retain aliasing.

       visit_tied $object, $var
           When "tied_as_objects" is enabled and a tied variable (hash, array, glob or scalar) is
           encountered this method will be called on the tied object. If a valid mapped value is
           returned, the newly constructed result container will be tied to the return value and
           no iteration of the contents of the data will be made (since all storage is delegated
           to the tied object).

           If a non blessed value is returned from "visit_tied" then the structure will be
           iterated normally, and the result container will not be tied at all.

           This is because tying to the same class and performing the tie operations will not
           yield the same results in many cases.

       retain_magic $orig, $copy
           Copies over magic from $orig to $copy.

           Currently only handles "bless". In the future this might be expanded using
           Variable::Magic but it isn't clear what the correct semantics for magic copying should
           be.

       trace
           Called if the "DEBUG" constant is set with a trace message.

RETURN VALUE
       This object can be used as an "fmap" of sorts - providing an ad-hoc functor interface for
       Perl data structures.

       In void context this functionality is ignored, but in any other context the default
       methods will all try to return a value of similar structure, with its children also
       fmapped.

SUBCLASSING
       Data::Visitor is a Moose class, so it should be subclassed using Moose.

       Then override the callback methods in any way you like. To retain visitor behavior, make
       sure to retain the functionality of "visit_array" and "visit_hash".

TODO
       o   Add support for "natural" visiting of trees.

       o   Expand "retain_magic" to support tying at the very least, or even more with
           Variable::Magic if possible.

SEE ALSO
       Data::Rmap, Tree::Simple::VisitorFactory, Data::Traverse

       <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visitor_pattern>,
       <http://www.ninebynine.org/Software/Learning-Haskell-Notes.html#functors>,
       <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functor>

SUPPORT
       Bugs may be submitted through the RT bug tracker
       <https://rt.cpan.org/Public/Dist/Display.html?Name=Data-Visitor> (or
       bug-Data-Visitor AT rt.org <mailto:bug-Data-Visitor AT rt.org>).

AUTHORS
       o   Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch AT woobling.org>

       o   Marcel Grunauer <marcel AT cpan.org>

CONTRIBUTORS
       o   Jesse Luehrs <doy AT tozt.net>

       o   Florian Ragwitz <rafl AT debian.org>

       o   Karen Etheridge <ether AT cpan.org>

       o   David Steinbrunner <dsteinbrunner AT pobox.com>

       o   Robin Smidsrod <robin AT smidsrod.no>

COPYRIGHT AND LICENCE
       This software is copyright (c) 2020 by Yuval Kogman.

       This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as
       the Perl 5 programming language system itself.

perl v5.30.3                                2020-08-03                         Data::Visitor(3pm)

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