# info > vigr

[VIPW(8)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/VIPW/8/markdown)                   System Management Commands                   [VIPW(8)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/VIPW/8/markdown)

## NAME
       vipw, vigr - edit the password, group, shadow-password or shadow-group
       file

## SYNOPSIS
       vipw [options]

       vigr [options]

## DESCRIPTION
       The vipw and vigr commands edits the files /etc/passwd and /etc/group,
       respectively. With the -s flag, they will edit the shadow versions of
       those files, /etc/shadow and /etc/gshadow, respectively. The programs
       will set the appropriate locks to prevent file corruption. When looking
       for an editor, the programs will first try the environment variable
       $VISUAL, then the environment variable $EDITOR, and finally the default
       editor, [vi(1)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/vi/1/markdown).

## OPTIONS
       The options which apply to the vipw and vigr commands are:

### -g, --group
           Edit group database.

### -h, --help
           Display help message and exit.

### -p, --passwd
           Edit passwd database.

### -q, --quiet
           Quiet mode.

       -R, --root CHROOT_DIR
           Apply changes in the CHROOT_DIR directory and use the configuration
           files from the CHROOT_DIR directory.

### -s, --shadow
           Edit shadow or gshadow database.

## ENVIRONMENT
       VISUAL
           Editor to be used.

       EDITOR
           Editor to be used if VISUAL is not set.

## FILES
       /etc/group
           Group account information.

       /etc/gshadow
           Secure group account information.

       /etc/passwd
           User account information.

       /etc/shadow
           Secure user account information.

## SEE ALSO
       [vi(1)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/vi/1/markdown), [group(5)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/group/5/markdown), [gshadow(5)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/gshadow/5/markdown) , [passwd(5)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/passwd/5/markdown), , [shadow(5)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/shadow/5/markdown).

shadow-utils 4.8.1                02/06/2024                           [VIPW(8)](https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/VIPW/8/markdown)