{ "content": [ { "type": "text", "text": "# a (info)\n\n## Sections\n\n- **GNU autosprintf**\n- **1 Introduction**\n- **2 The 'autosprintf' class**\n- **3 Using 'autosprintf' in own programs**\n- **Appendix A Licenses** (7 subsections)\n\nUse structuredContent.sections for detailed options, examples, and full documentation.\n" } ], "structuredContent": { "command": "a", "section": "", "mode": "info", "summary": null, "synopsis": null, "tldr_summary": null, "tldr_examples": [], "tldr_source": null, "flags": [], "examples": [], "see_also": [], "section_outline": [ { "name": "GNU autosprintf", "lines": 11, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "1 Introduction", "lines": 31, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "2 The 'autosprintf' class", "lines": 21, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "3 Using 'autosprintf' in own programs", "lines": 17, "subsections": [] }, { "name": "Appendix A Licenses", "lines": 33, "subsections": [ { "name": "A.1 GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE", "lines": 513 }, { "name": "A.2 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE", "lines": 8 }, { "name": "Preamble", "lines": 47 }, { "name": "TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION", "lines": 231 }, { "name": "Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs", "lines": 62 }, { "name": "A.3 GNU Free Documentation License", "lines": 392 }, { "name": "ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents", "lines": 29 } ] } ], "sections": { "GNU autosprintf": { "content": "This manual documents the GNU autosprintf class, version 1.0.\n\n* Menu:\n\n* Introduction:: Introduction\n* Class autosprintf:: The 'autosprintf' class\n* Using autosprintf:: Using 'autosprintf' in own programs\n* Licenses::\n\nFile: autosprintf.info, Node: Introduction, Next: Class autosprintf, Prev: Top, Up: Top\n", "subsections": [] }, "1 Introduction": { "content": "This package makes the C formatted output routines ('fprintf' et al.)\nusable in C++ programs, for use with the '' strings and the\n'' streams.\n\nIt allows to write code like\n\ncerr << autosprintf (\"syntax error in %s:%d: %s\", filename, line, errstring);\n\ninstead of\n\ncerr << \"syntax error in \" << filename << \":\" << line << \": \" << errstring;\n\nThe benefits of the autosprintf syntax are:\n\n* It reuses the standard POSIX printf facility. Easy migration from\nC to C++.\n\n* English sentences are kept together.\n\n* It makes internationalization possible. Internationalization\nrequires format strings, because in some cases the translator needs\nto change the order of a sentence, and more generally it is easier\nfor the translator to work with a single string for a sentence than\nwith multiple string pieces.\n\n* It reduces the risk of programming errors due to forgotten state in\nthe output stream (e.g. 'cout << hex;' not followed by 'cout <<\ndec;').\n\nFile: autosprintf.info, Node: Class autosprintf, Next: Using autosprintf, Prev: Introduction, Up: Top\n", "subsections": [] }, "2 The 'autosprintf' class": { "content": "An instance of class 'autosprintf' just contains a string with the\nformatted output result. Such an instance is usually allocated as an\nautomatic storage variable, i.e. on the stack, not with 'new' on the\nheap.\n\nThe constructor 'autosprintf (const char *format, ...)' takes a\nformat string and additional arguments, like the C function 'printf'.\n\nConversions to 'char *' and 'std::string' are defined that return the\nencapsulated string. The conversion to 'char *' returns a freshly\nallocated copy of the encapsulated string; it needs to be freed using\n'delete[]'. The conversion to 'std::string' returns a copy of the\nencapsulated string, with automatic memory management.\n\nThe destructor '~autosprintf ()' destroys the encapsulated string.\n\nAn 'operator <<' is provided that outputs the encapsulated string to\nthe given 'ostream'.\n\nFile: autosprintf.info, Node: Using autosprintf, Next: Licenses, Prev: Class autosprintf, Up: Top\n", "subsections": [] }, "3 Using 'autosprintf' in own programs": { "content": "To use the 'autosprintf' class in your programs, you need to add\n\n#include \"autosprintf.h\"\nusing gnu::autosprintf;\n\nto your source code. The include file defines the class 'autosprintf',\nin a namespace called 'gnu'. The 'using' statement makes it possible to\nuse the class without the (otherwise natural) 'gnu::' prefix.\n\nWhen linking your program, you need to link with 'libasprintf',\nbecause that's where the class is defined. In projects using GNU\n'autoconf', this means adding 'ACLIBLINKFLAGS([asprintf])' to\n'configure.in' or 'configure.ac', and using the @LIBASPRINTF@ Makefile\nvariable that it provides.\n\nFile: autosprintf.info, Node: Licenses, Prev: Using autosprintf, Up: Top\n", "subsections": [] }, "Appendix A Licenses": { "content": "The files of this package are covered by the licenses indicated in\neach particular file or directory. Here is a summary:\n\n* The 'libasprintf' library is covered by the GNU Lesser General\nPublic License (LGPL), either version 2.1 of the License, or (at\nyour option) any later version published by the Free Software\nFoundation (FSF). A copy of the license is included in *note GNU\nLGPL::.\n\n* This manual is free documentation. It is dually licensed under the\nGNU FDL and the GNU GPL. This means that you can redistribute this\nmanual under either of these two licenses, at your choice.\nThis manual is covered by the GNU FDL. Permission is granted to\ncopy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the\nGNU Free Documentation License (FDL), either version 1.2 of the\nLicense, or (at your option) any later version published by the\nFree Software Foundation (FSF); with no Invariant Sections, with no\nFront-Cover Text, and with no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the\nlicense is included in *note GNU FDL::.\nThis manual is covered by the GNU GPL. You can redistribute it\nand/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License\n(GPL), either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any\nlater version published by the Free Software Foundation (FSF). A\ncopy of the license is included in *note GNU GPL::.\n\n* Menu:\n\n* GNU LGPL:: GNU Lesser General Public License\n* GNU GPL:: GNU General Public License\n* GNU FDL:: GNU Free Documentation License\n\nFile: autosprintf.info, Node: GNU LGPL, Next: GNU GPL, Up: Licenses\n", "subsections": [ { "name": "A.1 GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE", "content": "Version 2.1, February 1999\n\nCopyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA\n\nEveryone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\nof this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\n\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\nas the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence the\nversion number 2.1.]\n\n\nThe licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom\nto share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public Licenses\nare intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free\nsoftware--to make sure the software is free for all its users.\n\nThis license, the Lesser General Public License, applies to some\nspecially designated software--typically libraries--of the Free Software\nFoundation and other authors who decide to use it. You can use it too,\nbut we suggest you first think carefully about whether this license or\nthe ordinary General Public License is the better strategy to use in any\nparticular case, based on the explanations below.\n\nWhen we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom of use,\nnot price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that\nyou have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge\nfor this service if you wish); that you receive source code or can get\nit if you want it; that you can change the software and use pieces of it\nin new free programs; and that you are informed that you can do these\nthings.\n\nTo protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid\ndistributors to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender these\nrights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for\nyou if you distribute copies of the library or if you modify it.\n\nFor example, if you distribute copies of the library, whether gratis\nor for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that we gave\nyou. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source\ncode. If you link other code with the library, you must provide\ncomplete object files to the recipients, so that they can relink them\nwith the library after making changes to the library and recompiling it.\nAnd you must show them these terms so they know their rights.\n\nWe protect your rights with a two-step method: (1) we copyright the\nlibrary, and (2) we offer you this license, which gives you legal\npermission to copy, distribute and/or modify the library.\n\nTo protect each distributor, we want to make it very clear that there\nis no warranty for the free library. Also, if the library is modified\nby someone else and passed on, the recipients should know that what they\nhave is not the original version, so that the original author's\nreputation will not be affected by problems that might be introduced by\nothers.\n\nFinally, software patents pose a constant threat to the existence of\nany free program. We wish to make sure that a company cannot\neffectively restrict the users of a free program by obtaining a\nrestrictive license from a patent holder. Therefore, we insist that any\npatent license obtained for a version of the library must be consistent\nwith the full freedom of use specified in this license.\n\nMost GNU software, including some libraries, is covered by the\nordinary GNU General Public License. This license, the GNU Lesser\nGeneral Public License, applies to certain designated libraries, and is\nquite different from the ordinary General Public License. We use this\nlicense for certain libraries in order to permit linking those libraries\ninto non-free programs.\n\nWhen a program is linked with a library, whether statically or using\na shared library, the combination of the two is legally speaking a\ncombined work, a derivative of the original library. The ordinary\nGeneral Public License therefore permits such linking only if the entire\ncombination fits its criteria of freedom. The Lesser General Public\nLicense permits more lax criteria for linking other code with the\nlibrary.\n\nWe call this license the \"Lesser\" General Public License because it\ndoes Less to protect the user's freedom than the ordinary General\nPublic License. It also provides other free software developers Less of\nan advantage over competing non-free programs. These disadvantages are\nthe reason we use the ordinary General Public License for many\nlibraries. However, the Lesser license provides advantages in certain\nspecial circumstances.\n\nFor example, on rare occasions, there may be a special need to\nencourage the widest possible use of a certain library, so that it\nbecomes a de-facto standard. To achieve this, non-free programs must be\nallowed to use the library. A more frequent case is that a free library\ndoes the same job as widely used non-free libraries. In this case,\nthere is little to gain by limiting the free library to free software\nonly, so we use the Lesser General Public License.\n\nIn other cases, permission to use a particular library in non-free\nprograms enables a greater number of people to use a large body of free\nsoftware. For example, permission to use the GNU C Library in non-free\nprograms enables many more people to use the whole GNU operating system,\nas well as its variant, the GNU/Linux operating system.\n\nAlthough the Lesser General Public License is Less protective of the\nusers' freedom, it does ensure that the user of a program that is linked\nwith the Library has the freedom and the wherewithal to run that program\nusing a modified version of the Library.\n\nThe precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and\nmodification follow. Pay close attention to the difference between a\n\"work based on the library\" and a \"work that uses the library\". The\nformer contains code derived from the library, whereas the latter must\nbe combined with the library in order to run.\n\n\n0. This License Agreement applies to any software library or other\nprogram which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder or\nother authorized party saying it may be distributed under the terms\nof this Lesser General Public License (also called \"this License\").\nEach licensee is addressed as \"you\".\n\nA \"library\" means a collection of software functions and/or data\nprepared so as to be conveniently linked with application programs\n(which use some of those functions and data) to form executables.\n\nThe \"Library\", below, refers to any such software library or work\nwhich has been distributed under these terms. A \"work based on the\nLibrary\" means either the Library or any derivative work under\ncopyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Library or a\nportion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or\ntranslated straightforwardly into another language. (Hereinafter,\ntranslation is included without limitation in the term\n\"modification\".)\n\n\"Source code\" for a work means the preferred form of the work for\nmaking modifications to it. For a library, complete source code\nmeans all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any\nassociated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to\ncontrol compilation and installation of the library.\n\nActivities other than copying, distribution and modification are\nnot covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act\nof running a program using the Library is not restricted, and\noutput from such a program is covered only if its contents\nconstitute a work based on the Library (independent of the use of\nthe Library in a tool for writing it). Whether that is true\ndepends on what the Library does and what the program that uses the\nLibrary does.\n\n1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Library's\ncomplete source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided\nthat you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an\nappropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep\nintact all the notices that refer to this License and to the\nabsence of any warranty; and distribute a copy of this License\nalong with the Library.\n\nYou may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy,\nand you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange\nfor a fee.\n\n2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Library or any portion of\nit, thus forming a work based on the Library, and copy and\ndistribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1\nabove, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:\n\na. The modified work must itself be a software library.\n\nb. You must cause the files modified to carry prominent notices\nstating that you changed the files and the date of any change.\n\nc. You must cause the whole of the work to be licensed at no\ncharge to all third parties under the terms of this License.\n\nd. If a facility in the modified Library refers to a function or\na table of data to be supplied by an application program that\nuses the facility, other than as an argument passed when the\nfacility is invoked, then you must make a good faith effort to\nensure that, in the event an application does not supply such\nfunction or table, the facility still operates, and performs\nwhatever part of its purpose remains meaningful.\n\n(For example, a function in a library to compute square roots\nhas a purpose that is entirely well-defined independent of the\napplication. Therefore, Subsection 2d requires that any\napplication-supplied function or table used by this function\nmust be optional: if the application does not supply it, the\nsquare root function must still compute square roots.)\n\nThese requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If\nidentifiable sections of that work are not derived from the\nLibrary, and can be reasonably considered independent and separate\nworks in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply\nto those sections when you distribute them as separate works. But\nwhen you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a\nwork based on the Library, the distribution of the whole must be on\nthe terms of this License, whose permissions for other licensees\nextend to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part\nregardless of who wrote it.\n\nThus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or\ncontest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the\nintent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of\nderivative or collective works based on the Library.\n\nIn addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the\nLibrary with the Library (or with a work based on the Library) on a\nvolume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other\nwork under the scope of this License.\n\n3. You may opt to apply the terms of the ordinary GNU General Public\nLicense instead of this License to a given copy of the Library. To\ndo this, you must alter all the notices that refer to this License,\nso that they refer to the ordinary GNU General Public License,\nversion 2, instead of to this License. (If a newer version than\nversion 2 of the ordinary GNU General Public License has appeared,\nthen you can specify that version instead if you wish.) Do not\nmake any other change in these notices.\n\nOnce this change is made in a given copy, it is irreversible for\nthat copy, so the ordinary GNU General Public License applies to\nall subsequent copies and derivative works made from that copy.\n\nThis option is useful when you wish to copy part of the code of the\nLibrary into a program that is not a library.\n\n4. You may copy and distribute the Library (or a portion or derivative\nof it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the\nterms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you accompany it with\nthe complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which must\nbe distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a\nmedium customarily used for software interchange.\n\nIf distribution of object code is made by offering access to copy\nfrom a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy\nthe source code from the same place satisfies the requirement to\ndistribute the source code, even though third parties are not\ncompelled to copy the source along with the object code.\n\n5. A program that contains no derivative of any portion of the\nLibrary, but is designed to work with the Library by being compiled\nor linked with it, is called a \"work that uses the Library\". Such\na work, in isolation, is not a derivative work of the Library, and\ntherefore falls outside the scope of this License.\n\nHowever, linking a \"work that uses the Library\" with the Library\ncreates an executable that is a derivative of the Library (because\nit contains portions of the Library), rather than a \"work that uses\nthe library\". The executable is therefore covered by this License.\nSection 6 states terms for distribution of such executables.\n\nWhen a \"work that uses the Library\" uses material from a header\nfile that is part of the Library, the object code for the work may\nbe a derivative work of the Library even though the source code is\nnot. Whether this is true is especially significant if the work\ncan be linked without the Library, or if the work is itself a\nlibrary. The threshold for this to be true is not precisely\ndefined by law.\n\nIf such an object file uses only numerical parameters, data\nstructure layouts and accessors, and small macros and small inline\nfunctions (ten lines or less in length), then the use of the object\nfile is unrestricted, regardless of whether it is legally a\nderivative work. (Executables containing this object code plus\nportions of the Library will still fall under Section 6.)\n\nOtherwise, if the work is a derivative of the Library, you may\ndistribute the object code for the work under the terms of Section\n6. Any executables containing that work also fall under Section 6,\nwhether or not they are linked directly with the Library itself.\n\n6. As an exception to the Sections above, you may also combine or link\na \"work that uses the Library\" with the Library to produce a work\ncontaining portions of the Library, and distribute that work under\nterms of your choice, provided that the terms permit modification\nof the work for the customer's own use and reverse engineering for\ndebugging such modifications.\n\nYou must give prominent notice with each copy of the work that the\nLibrary is used in it and that the Library and its use are covered\nby this License. You must supply a copy of this License. If the\nwork during execution displays copyright notices, you must include\nthe copyright notice for the Library among them, as well as a\nreference directing the user to the copy of this License. Also,\nyou must do one of these things:\n\na. Accompany the work with the complete corresponding\nmachine-readable source code for the Library including\nwhatever changes were used in the work (which must be\ndistributed under Sections 1 and 2 above); and, if the work is\nan executable linked with the Library, with the complete\nmachine-readable \"work that uses the Library\", as object code\nand/or source code, so that the user can modify the Library\nand then relink to produce a modified executable containing\nthe modified Library. (It is understood that the user who\nchanges the contents of definitions files in the Library will\nnot necessarily be able to recompile the application to use\nthe modified definitions.)\n\nb. Use a suitable shared library mechanism for linking with the\nLibrary. A suitable mechanism is one that (1) uses at run\ntime a copy of the library already present on the user's\ncomputer system, rather than copying library functions into\nthe executable, and (2) will operate properly with a modified\nversion of the library, if the user installs one, as long as\nthe modified version is interface-compatible with the version\nthat the work was made with.\n\nc. Accompany the work with a written offer, valid for at least\nthree years, to give the same user the materials specified in\nSubsection 6a, above, for a charge no more than the cost of\nperforming this distribution.\n\nd. If distribution of the work is made by offering access to copy\nfrom a designated place, offer equivalent access to copy the\nabove specified materials from the same place.\n\ne. Verify that the user has already received a copy of these\nmaterials or that you have already sent this user a copy.\n\nFor an executable, the required form of the \"work that uses the\nLibrary\" must include any data and utility programs needed for\nreproducing the executable from it. However, as a special\nexception, the materials to be distributed need not include\nanything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary\nform) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of\nthe operating system on which the executable runs, unless that\ncomponent itself accompanies the executable.\n\nIt may happen that this requirement contradicts the license\nrestrictions of other proprietary libraries that do not normally\naccompany the operating system. Such a contradiction means you\ncannot use both them and the Library together in an executable that\nyou distribute.\n\n7. You may place library facilities that are a work based on the\nLibrary side-by-side in a single library together with other\nlibrary facilities not covered by this License, and distribute such\na combined library, provided that the separate distribution of the\nwork based on the Library and of the other library facilities is\notherwise permitted, and provided that you do these two things:\n\na. Accompany the combined library with a copy of the same work\nbased on the Library, uncombined with any other library\nfacilities. This must be distributed under the terms of the\nSections above.\n\nb. Give prominent notice with the combined library of the fact\nthat part of it is a work based on the Library, and explaining\nwhere to find the accompanying uncombined form of the same\nwork.\n\n8. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, link with, or distribute the\nLibrary except as expressly provided under this License. Any\nattempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, link with, or\ndistribute the Library is void, and will automatically terminate\nyour rights under this License. However, parties who have received\ncopies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their\nlicenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full\ncompliance.\n\n9. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not\nsigned it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify\nor distribute the Library or its derivative works. These actions\nare prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.\nTherefore, by modifying or distributing the Library (or any work\nbased on the Library), you indicate your acceptance of this License\nto do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying,\ndistributing or modifying the Library or works based on it.\n\n10. Each time you redistribute the Library (or any work based on the\nLibrary), the recipient automatically receives a license from the\noriginal licensor to copy, distribute, link with or modify the\nLibrary subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose\nany further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights\ngranted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance\nby third parties with this License.\n\n11. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent\ninfringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent\nissues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order,\nagreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this\nLicense, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this\nLicense. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously\nyour obligations under this License and any other pertinent\nobligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the\nLibrary at all. For example, if a patent license would not permit\nroyalty-free redistribution of the Library by all those who receive\ncopies directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you\ncould satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely\nfrom distribution of the Library.\n\nIf any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable\nunder any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is\nintended to apply, and the section as a whole is intended to apply\nin other circumstances.\n\nIt is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any\npatents or other property right claims or to contest validity of\nany such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting\nthe integrity of the free software distribution system which is\nimplemented by public license practices. Many people have made\ngenerous contributions to the wide range of software distributed\nthrough that system in reliance on consistent application of that\nsystem; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is\nwilling to distribute software through any other system and a\nlicensee cannot impose that choice.\n\nThis section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed\nto be a consequence of the rest of this License.\n\n12. If the distribution and/or use of the Library is restricted in\ncertain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces,\nthe original copyright holder who places the Library under this\nLicense may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation\nexcluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only\nin or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this\nLicense incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of\nthis License.\n\n13. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new\nversions of the Lesser General Public License from time to time.\nSuch new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version,\nbut may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.\n\nEach version is given a distinguishing version number. If the\nLibrary specifies a version number of this License which applies to\nit and \"any later version\", you have the option of following the\nterms and conditions either of that version or of any later version\npublished by the Free Software Foundation. If the Library does not\nspecify a license version number, you may choose any version ever\npublished by the Free Software Foundation.\n\n14. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Library into other free\nprograms whose distribution conditions are incompatible with these,\nwrite to the author to ask for permission. For software which is\ncopyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free\nSoftware Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our\ndecision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free\nstatus of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the\nsharing and reuse of software generally.\n\nNO WARRANTY\n\n15. BECAUSE THE LIBRARY IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO\nWARRANTY FOR THE LIBRARY, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE\nLAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS\nAND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE LIBRARY \"AS IS\" WITHOUT WARRANTY\nOF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT\nLIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS\nFOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND\nPERFORMANCE OF THE LIBRARY IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE LIBRARY PROVE\nDEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR\nOR CORRECTION.\n\n16. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN\nWRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY\nMODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE LIBRARY AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE\nLIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL,\nINCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR\nINABILITY TO USE THE LIBRARY (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF\nDATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU\nOR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE LIBRARY TO OPERATE WITH ANY\nOTHER SOFTWARE), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN\nADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.\n\n\n\nIf you develop a new library, and you want it to be of the greatest\npossible use to the public, we recommend making it free software that\neveryone can redistribute and change. You can do so by permitting\nredistribution under these terms (or, alternatively, under the terms of\nthe ordinary General Public License).\n\nTo apply these terms, attach the following notices to the library.\nIt is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most\neffectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have\nat least the \"copyright\" line and a pointer to where the full notice is\nfound.\n\nONE LINE TO GIVE THE LIBRARY'S NAME AND AN IDEA OF WHAT IT DOES.\nCopyright (C) YEAR NAME OF AUTHOR\n\nThis library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it\nunder the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by\nthe Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at\nyour option) any later version.\n\nThis library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but\nWITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\nMERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU\nLesser General Public License for more details.\n\nYou should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\nLicense along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software\nFoundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301,\nUSA.\n\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper\nmail.\n\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or\nyour school, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the library,\nif necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\n\nYoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the library\n`Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\n\nSIGNATURE OF TY COON, 1 April 1990\nTy Coon, President of Vice\n\nThat's all there is to it!\n\nFile: autosprintf.info, Node: GNU GPL, Next: GNU FDL, Prev: GNU LGPL, Up: Licenses\n" }, { "name": "A.2 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE", "content": "Version 2, June 1991\n\nCopyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA\n\nEveryone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\nof this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\n" }, { "name": "Preamble", "content": "The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom\nto share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is\nintended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to\nmake sure the software is free for all its users. This General Public\nLicense applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's software and\nto any other program whose authors commit to using it. (Some other Free\nSoftware Foundation software is covered by the GNU Lesser General Public\nLicense instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too.\n\nWhen we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not\nprice. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you\nhave the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for\nthis service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if\nyou want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new\nfree programs; and that you know you can do these things.\n\nTo protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid\nanyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.\nThese restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you\ndistribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.\n\nFor example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether\ngratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that\nyou have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the\nsource code. And you must show them these terms so they know their\nrights.\n\nWe protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software,\nand (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,\ndistribute and/or modify the software.\n\nAlso, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain\nthat everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free\nsoftware. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we\nwant its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so\nthat any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original\nauthors' reputations.\n\nFinally, any free program is threatened constantly by software\npatents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free\nprogram will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the\nprogram proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any\npatent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.\n\nThe precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and\nmodification follow.\n" }, { "name": "TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION", "content": "0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a\nnotice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed\nunder the terms of this General Public License. The \"Program\",\nbelow, refers to any such program or work, and a \"work based on the\nProgram\" means either the Program or any derivative work under\ncopyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Program or a\nportion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or\ntranslated into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is\nincluded without limitation in the term \"modification\".) Each\nlicensee is addressed as \"you\".\n\nActivities other than copying, distribution and modification are\nnot covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act\nof running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the\nProgram is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on\nthe Program (independent of having been made by running the\nProgram). Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.\n\n1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source\ncode as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you\nconspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate\ncopyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the\nnotices that refer to this License and to the absence of any\nwarranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of\nthis License along with the Program.\n\nYou may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy,\nand you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange\nfor a fee.\n\n2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of\nit, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and\ndistribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1\nabove, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:\n\na. You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices\nstating that you changed the files and the date of any change.\n\nb. You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that\nin whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or\nany part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to\nall third parties under the terms of this License.\n\nc. If the modified program normally reads commands interactively\nwhen run, you must cause it, when started running for such\ninteractive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display\nan announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and\na notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you\nprovide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the\nprogram under these conditions, and telling the user how to\nview a copy of this License. (Exception: if the Program\nitself is interactive but does not normally print such an\nannouncement, your work based on the Program is not required\nto print an announcement.)\n\nThese requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If\nidentifiable sections of that work are not derived from the\nProgram, and can be reasonably considered independent and separate\nworks in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply\nto those sections when you distribute them as separate works. But\nwhen you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a\nwork based on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on\nthe terms of this License, whose permissions for other licensees\nextend to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part\nregardless of who wrote it.\n\nThus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or\ncontest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the\nintent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of\nderivative or collective works based on the Program.\n\nIn addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the\nProgram with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a\nvolume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other\nwork under the scope of this License.\n\n3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,\nunder Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms\nof Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the\nfollowing:\n\na. Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable\nsource code, which must be distributed under the terms of\nSections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for\nsoftware interchange; or,\n\nb. Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three\nyears, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your\ncost of physically performing source distribution, a complete\nmachine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be\ndistributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a\nmedium customarily used for software interchange; or,\n\nc. Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer\nto distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is\nallowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you\nreceived the program in object code or executable form with\nsuch an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)\n\nThe source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for\nmaking modifications to it. For an executable work, complete\nsource code means all the source code for all modules it contains,\nplus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts\nused to control compilation and installation of the executable.\nHowever, as a special exception, the source code distributed need\nnot include anything that is normally distributed (in either source\nor binary form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so\non) of the operating system on which the executable runs, unless\nthat component itself accompanies the executable.\n\nIf distribution of executable or object code is made by offering\naccess to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent\naccess to copy the source code from the same place counts as\ndistribution of the source code, even though third parties are not\ncompelled to copy the source along with the object code.\n\n4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program\nexcept as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt\notherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is\nvoid, and will automatically terminate your rights under this\nLicense. However, parties who have received copies, or rights,\nfrom you under this License will not have their licenses terminated\nso long as such parties remain in full compliance.\n\n5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not\nsigned it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify\nor distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions\nare prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.\nTherefore, by modifying or distributing the Program (or any work\nbased on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License\nto do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying,\ndistributing or modifying the Program or works based on it.\n\n6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the\nProgram), the recipient automatically receives a license from the\noriginal licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject\nto these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further\nrestrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted\nherein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third\nparties to this License.\n\n7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent\ninfringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent\nissues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order,\nagreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this\nLicense, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this\nLicense. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously\nyour obligations under this License and any other pertinent\nobligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the\nProgram at all. For example, if a patent license would not permit\nroyalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive\ncopies directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you\ncould satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely\nfrom distribution of the Program.\n\nIf any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable\nunder any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is\nintended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply\nin other circumstances.\n\nIt is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any\npatents or other property right claims or to contest validity of\nany such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting\nthe integrity of the free software distribution system, which is\nimplemented by public license practices. Many people have made\ngenerous contributions to the wide range of software distributed\nthrough that system in reliance on consistent application of that\nsystem; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is\nwilling to distribute software through any other system and a\nlicensee cannot impose that choice.\n\nThis section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed\nto be a consequence of the rest of this License.\n\n8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in\ncertain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces,\nthe original copyright holder who places the Program under this\nLicense may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation\nexcluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only\nin or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this\nLicense incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of\nthis License.\n\n9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new\nversions of the General Public License from time to time. Such new\nversions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may\ndiffer in detail to address new problems or concerns.\n\nEach version is given a distinguishing version number. If the\nProgram specifies a version number of this License which applies to\nit and \"any later version\", you have the option of following the\nterms and conditions either of that version or of any later version\npublished by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not\nspecify a version number of this License, you may choose any\nversion ever published by the Free Software Foundation.\n\n10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free\nprograms whose distribution conditions are different, write to the\nauthor to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by\nthe Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software\nFoundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision\nwill be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of\nall derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing\nand reuse of software generally.\n\nNO WARRANTY\n\n11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO\nWARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE\nLAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS\nAND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM \"AS IS\" WITHOUT WARRANTY\nOF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT\nLIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS\nFOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND\nPERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE\nDEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR\nOR CORRECTION.\n\n12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN\nWRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY\nMODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE\nLIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL,\nINCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR\nINABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF\nDATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU\nOR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY\nOTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN\nADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.\n\nEND OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS\n" }, { "name": "Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs", "content": "If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest\npossible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it\nfree software which everyone can redistribute and change under these\nterms.\n\nTo do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest\nto attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively\nconvey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the\n\"copyright\" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.\n\nONE LINE TO GIVE THE PROGRAM'S NAME AND A BRIEF IDEA OF WHAT IT DOES.\nCopyright (C) YYYY NAME OF AUTHOR\n\nThis program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\nit under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\nthe Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n(at your option) any later version.\n\nThis program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\nbut WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\nMERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the\nGNU General Public License for more details.\n\nYou should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License\nalong with this program; if not, write to the Free Software\nFoundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.\n\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper\nmail.\n\nIf the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like\nthis when it starts in an interactive mode:\n\nGnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) YEAR NAME OF AUTHOR\nGnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.\nThis is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it\nunder certain conditions; type `show c' for details.\n\nThe hypothetical commands 'show w' and 'show c' should show the\nappropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the\ncommands you use may be called something other than 'show w' and 'show\nc'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your\nprogram.\n\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or\nyour school, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the program,\nif necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\n\nYoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program\n`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.\n\nSIGNATURE OF TY COON, 1 April 1989\nTy Coon, President of Vice\n\nThis General Public License does not permit incorporating your\nprogram into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine\nlibrary, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary\napplications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the\nGNU Lesser General Public License instead of this License.\n\nFile: autosprintf.info, Node: GNU FDL, Prev: GNU GPL, Up: Licenses\n" }, { "name": "A.3 GNU Free Documentation License", "content": "Version 1.2, November 2002\n\nCopyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA\n\nEveryone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\nof this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\n\n0. PREAMBLE\n\nThe purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other\nfunctional and useful document \"free\" in the sense of freedom: to\nassure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it,\nwith or without modifying it, either commercially or\nnoncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the\nauthor and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not\nbeing considered responsible for modifications made by others.\n\nThis License is a kind of \"copyleft\", which means that derivative\nworks of the document must themselves be free in the same sense.\nIt complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft\nlicense designed for free software.\n\nWe have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for\nfree software, because free software needs free documentation: a\nfree program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms\nthat the software does. But this License is not limited to\nsoftware manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless\nof subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. We\nrecommend this License principally for works whose purpose is\ninstruction or reference.\n\n1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS\n\nThis License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium,\nthat contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can\nbe distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice\ngrants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration,\nto use that work under the conditions stated herein. The\n\"Document\", below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member\nof the public is a licensee, and is addressed as \"you\". You accept\nthe license if you copy, modify or distribute the work in a way\nrequiring permission under copyright law.\n\nA \"Modified Version\" of the Document means any work containing the\nDocument or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with\nmodifications and/or translated into another language.\n\nA \"Secondary Section\" is a named appendix or a front-matter section\nof the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the\npublishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall\nsubject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could\nfall directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document\nis in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not\nexplain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of\nhistorical connection with the subject or with related matters, or\nof legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position\nregarding them.\n\nThe \"Invariant Sections\" are certain Secondary Sections whose\ntitles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the\nnotice that says that the Document is released under this License.\nIf a section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it\nis not allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may\ncontain zero Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify\nany Invariant Sections then there are none.\n\nThe \"Cover Texts\" are certain short passages of text that are\nlisted, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice\nthat says that the Document is released under this License. A\nFront-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may\nbe at most 25 words.\n\nA \"Transparent\" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,\nrepresented in a format whose specification is available to the\ngeneral public, that is suitable for revising the document\nstraightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed\nof pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely\navailable drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text\nformatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats\nsuitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise\nTransparent file format whose markup, or absence of markup, has\nbeen arranged to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by\nreaders is not Transparent. An image format is not Transparent if\nused for any substantial amount of text. A copy that is not\n\"Transparent\" is called \"Opaque\".\n\nExamples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain\nASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format,\nSGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming\nsimple HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification.\nExamples of transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG.\nOpaque formats include proprietary formats that can be read and\nedited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which\nthe DTD and/or processing tools are not generally available, and\nthe machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word\nprocessors for output purposes only.\n\nThe \"Title Page\" means, for a printed book, the title page itself,\nplus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the\nmaterial this License requires to appear in the title page. For\nworks in formats which do not have any title page as such, \"Title\nPage\" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the\nwork's title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.\n\nA section \"Entitled XYZ\" means a named subunit of the Document\nwhose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses\nfollowing text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ\nstands for a specific section name mentioned below, such as\n\"Acknowledgements\", \"Dedications\", \"Endorsements\", or \"History\".)\nTo \"Preserve the Title\" of such a section when you modify the\nDocument means that it remains a section \"Entitled XYZ\" according\nto this definition.\n\nThe Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice\nwhich states that this License applies to the Document. These\nWarranty Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in\nthis License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other\nimplication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and\nhas no effect on the meaning of this License.\n\n2. VERBATIM COPYING\n\nYou may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either\ncommercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the\ncopyright notices, and the license notice saying this License\napplies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you\nadd no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You\nmay not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading\nor further copying of the copies you make or distribute. However,\nyou may accept compensation in exchange for copies. If you\ndistribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow the\nconditions in section 3.\n\nYou may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above,\nand you may publicly display copies.\n\n3. COPYING IN QUANTITY\n\nIf you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly\nhave printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and\nthe Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must\nenclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all\nthese Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and\nBack-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also clearly\nand legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies. The\nfront cover must present the full title with all words of the title\nequally prominent and visible. You may add other material on the\ncovers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the covers, as\nlong as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy these\nconditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects.\n\nIf the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit\nlegibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit\nreasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto\nadjacent pages.\n\nIf you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document\nnumbering more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable\nTransparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with\neach Opaque copy a computer-network location from which the general\nnetwork-using public has access to download using public-standard\nnetwork protocols a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free\nof added material. If you use the latter option, you must take\nreasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque\ncopies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent copy will\nremain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one\nyear after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or\nthrough your agents or retailers) of that edition to the public.\n\nIt is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of\nthe Document well before redistributing any large number of copies,\nto give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the\nDocument.\n\n4. MODIFICATIONS\n\nYou may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document\nunder the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you\nrelease the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the\nModified Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing\ndistribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever\npossesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in\nthe Modified Version:\n\nA. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title\ndistinct from that of the Document, and from those of previous\nversions (which should, if there were any, be listed in the\nHistory section of the Document). You may use the same title\nas a previous version if the original publisher of that\nversion gives permission.\n\nB. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or\nentities responsible for authorship of the modifications in\nthe Modified Version, together with at least five of the\nprincipal authors of the Document (all of its principal\nauthors, if it has fewer than five), unless they release you\nfrom this requirement.\n\nC. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the\nModified Version, as the publisher.\n\nD. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.\n\nE. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications\nadjacent to the other copyright notices.\n\nF. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license\nnotice giving the public permission to use the Modified\nVersion under the terms of this License, in the form shown in\nthe Addendum below.\n\nG. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant\nSections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's\nlicense notice.\n\nH. Include an unaltered copy of this License.\n\nI. Preserve the section Entitled \"History\", Preserve its Title,\nand add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new\nauthors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the\nTitle Page. If there is no section Entitled \"History\" in the\nDocument, create one stating the title, year, authors, and\npublisher of the Document as given on its Title Page, then add\nan item describing the Modified Version as stated in the\nprevious sentence.\n\nJ. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document\nfor public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and\nlikewise the network locations given in the Document for\nprevious versions it was based on. These may be placed in the\n\"History\" section. You may omit a network location for a work\nthat was published at least four years before the Document\nitself, or if the original publisher of the version it refers\nto gives permission.\n\nK. For any section Entitled \"Acknowledgements\" or \"Dedications\",\nPreserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section\nall the substance and tone of each of the contributor\nacknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.\n\nL. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, unaltered\nin their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the\nequivalent are not considered part of the section titles.\n\nM. Delete any section Entitled \"Endorsements\". Such a section\nmay not be included in the Modified Version.\n\nN. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled\n\"Endorsements\" or to conflict in title with any Invariant\nSection.\n\nO. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.\n\nIf the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or\nappendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no\nmaterial copied from the Document, you may at your option designate\nsome or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their\ntitles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's\nlicense notice. These titles must be distinct from any other\nsection titles.\n\nYou may add a section Entitled \"Endorsements\", provided it contains\nnothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various\nparties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text\nhas been approved by an organization as the authoritative\ndefinition of a standard.\n\nYou may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text,\nand a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of\nthe list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage\nof Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or\nthrough arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document\nalready includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added\nby you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on\nbehalf of, you may not add another; but you may replace the old\none, on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added\nthe old one.\n\nThe author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this\nLicense give permission to use their names for publicity for or to\nassert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.\n\n5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS\n\nYou may combine the Document with other documents released under\nthis License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for\nmodified versions, provided that you include in the combination all\nof the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents,\nunmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your\ncombined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all\ntheir Warranty Disclaimers.\n\nThe combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and\nmultiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single\ncopy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name\nbut different contents, make the title of each such section unique\nby adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the\noriginal author or publisher of that section if known, or else a\nunique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in\nthe list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the\ncombined work.\n\nIn the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled\n\"History\" in the various original documents, forming one section\nEntitled \"History\"; likewise combine any sections Entitled\n\"Acknowledgements\", and any sections Entitled \"Dedications\". You\nmust delete all sections Entitled \"Endorsements.\"\n\n6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS\n\nYou may make a collection consisting of the Document and other\ndocuments released under this License, and replace the individual\ncopies of this License in the various documents with a single copy\nthat is included in the collection, provided that you follow the\nrules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents\nin all other respects.\n\nYou may extract a single document from such a collection, and\ndistribute it individually under this License, provided you insert\na copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this\nLicense in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that\ndocument.\n\n7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS\n\nA compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other\nseparate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a\nstorage or distribution medium, is called an \"aggregate\" if the\ncopyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the\nlegal rights of the compilation's users beyond what the individual\nworks permit. When the Document is included in an aggregate, this\nLicense does not apply to the other works in the aggregate which\nare not themselves derivative works of the Document.\n\nIf the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these\ncopies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half\nof the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed\non covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the\nelectronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic\nform. Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket\nthe whole aggregate.\n\n8. TRANSLATION\n\nTranslation is considered a kind of modification, so you may\ndistribute translations of the Document under the terms of section\n4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special\npermission from their copyright holders, but you may include\ntranslations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the\noriginal versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a\ntranslation of this License, and all the license notices in the\nDocument, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also\ninclude the original English version of this License and the\noriginal versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a\ndisagreement between the translation and the original version of\nthis License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will\nprevail.\n\nIf a section in the Document is Entitled \"Acknowledgements\",\n\"Dedications\", or \"History\", the requirement (section 4) to\nPreserve its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the\nactual title.\n\n9. TERMINATION\n\nYou may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document\nexcept as expressly provided for under this License. Any other\nattempt to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is\nvoid, and will automatically terminate your rights under this\nLicense. However, parties who have received copies, or rights,\nfrom you under this License will not have their licenses terminated\nso long as such parties remain in full compliance.\n\n10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE\n\nThe Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of\nthe GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new\nversions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may\ndiffer in detail to address new problems or concerns. See\n.\n\nEach version of the License is given a distinguishing version\nnumber. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered\nversion of this License \"or any later version\" applies to it, you\nhave the option of following the terms and conditions either of\nthat specified version or of any later version that has been\npublished (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the\nDocument does not specify a version number of this License, you may\nchoose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free\nSoftware Foundation.\n" }, { "name": "ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents", "content": "To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of\nthe License in the document and put the following copyright and license\nnotices just after the title page:\n\nCopyright (C) YEAR YOUR NAME.\nPermission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document\nunder the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2\nor any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;\nwith no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover\nTexts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU\nFree Documentation License''.\n\nIf you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover\nTexts, replace the \"with...Texts.\" line with this:\n\nwith the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with\nthe Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts\nbeing LIST.\n\nIf you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other\ncombination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the\nsituation.\n\nIf your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we\nrecommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free\nsoftware license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit\ntheir use in free software.\n\n" } ] } } } }