{ "mode": "info", "parameter": "GROFF_CHAR", "section": "", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/info/GROFF_CHAR/json", "generated": "2026-07-27T14:04:32Z", "sections": { "NAME": { "content": "groffchar - groff glyph names\n", "subsections": [] }, "DESCRIPTION": { "content": "This manual page lists the standard groff glyph names and the default\ninput mapping, latin1. The glyphs in this document look different de-\npending on which output device was chosen (with option -T for the\nman(1) program or the roff formatter). Glyphs not available for the\ndevice that is being used to print or view this manual page are marked\nwith '(N/A)'; the device currently used is 'ascii'.\n\nIn the actual version, groff provides only 8-bit characters for direct\ninput and named entities for further glyphs. On ASCII platforms, input\ncharacter codes in the range 0 to 127 (decimal) represent the usual\n7-bit ASCII characters, while codes between 127 and 255 are interpreted\nas the corresponding characters in the latin1 (ISO-8859-1) code set by\ndefault. This mapping is contained in the file latin1.tmac and can be\nchanged by loading a different input encoding. Note that some of the\ninput characters are reserved by groff, either for internal use or for\nspecial input purposes. On EBCDIC platforms, only code page cp1047 is\nsupported (which contains the same characters as latin1; the input en-\ncoding file is called cp1047.tmac). Again, some input characters are\nreserved for internal and special purposes.\n\nAll roff systems provide the concept of named glyphs. In traditional\nroff systems, only names of length 2 were used, while groff also pro-\nvides support for longer names. It is strongly suggested that only\nnamed glyphs are used for all character representations outside of the\nprintable 7-bit ASCII range.\n\nSome of the predefined groff escape sequences (with names of length 1)\nalso produce single glyphs; these exist for historical reasons or are\nprintable versions of syntactical characters. They include '\\\\', '\\'',\n'\\`', '\\-', '\\.', and '\\e'; see groff(7).\n\nIn groff, all of these different types of characters and glyphs can be\ntested positively with the '.if c' conditional.\n", "subsections": [] }, "REFERENCE": { "content": "In this section, the glyphs in groff are specified in tabular form.\nThe meaning of the columns is as follows.\n\nOutput shows how the glyph is printed for the current device; although\nthis can have quite a different shape on other devices, it al-\nways represents the same glyph.\n\nInput specifies how the glyph is input either directly by a key on the\nkeyboard, or by a groff escape sequence.\n\nCode applies to glyphs which can be input with a single character,\nand gives the ISO latin1 decimal code of that input character.\nNote that this code is equivalent to the lowest 256 Unicode\ncharacters, including 7-bit ASCII in the range 0 to 127.\n\nPostScript\ngives the usual PostScript name of the glyph.\n\nUnicode\nis the glyph name used in composite glyph names. The names in\nthe Unicode column look like u0021 or u00410300. In groff, the\ncorresponding Unicode characters can be constructed by adding a\nbackslash and a pair of square brackets, for example \\[u0021] or\n\\[u00410300].\n\n7-bit Character Codes 32-126\nThese are the basic glyphs having 7-bit ASCII code values assigned.\nThey are identical to the printable characters of the character stan-\ndards ISO-8859-1 (latin1) and Unicode (range Basic Latin). The glyph\nnames used in composite glyph names are 'u0020' up to 'u007E'.\n\nNote that input characters in the range 0-31 and character 127 are not\nprintable characters. Most of them are invalid input characters for\ngroff anyway, and the valid ones have special meaning. For EBCDIC, the\nprintable characters are in the range 66-255.\n\n48-57 Decimal digits 0 to 9 (print as themselves).\n\n65-90 Upper case letters A-Z (print as themselves).\n\n97-122 Lower case letters a-z (print as themselves).\n\nMost of the remaining characters not in the just described ranges print\nas themselves; the only exceptions are the following characters:\n\n` the ISO latin1 'Grave Accent' (code 96) prints as ', a left sin-\ngle quotation mark (Unicode u2018). The same output glyph can\nbe requested explicitly with '\\(oq'. The original character can\nbe obtained with '\\`' (Unicode u0060).\n\n' the ISO latin1 'Apostrophe' (code 39) prints as ', a right sin-\ngle quotation mark (Unicode u2019). The same output glyph is\ncommonly used in typography to represent a punctation apostro-\nphe, for example in contractions. It can be requested explic-\nitly with '\\(cq'. The original character can be obtained with\n'\\(aq' (Unicode u0027).\n\n- the ISO latin1 'Hyphen, Minus Sign' (code 45) prints as a hyphen\n(Unicode u2010). The same output glyph can be requested explic-\nitly with '\\(hy'. A minus sign can be obtained with '\\-' (Uni-\ncode u2212).\n\n~ the ISO latin1 'Tilde' (code 126) is reduced in size to be us-\nable as a diacritic (Unicode u02DC). A larger glyph can be ob-\ntained with '\\(ti' (Unicode u007E).\n\n^ the ISO latin1 'Circumflex Accent' (code 94) is reduced in size\nto be usable as a diacritic (Unicode u02C6); a larger glyph can\nbe obtained with '\\(ha' (Unicode u005E).\n\n! ! 33 exclam u0021 exclamation mark (bang)\n\" \" 34 quotedbl u0022 double quote\n# # 35 numbersign u0023 number sign\n$ $ 36 dollar u0024 currency dollar sign\n% % 37 percent u0025 percent\n& & 38 ampersand u0026 ampersand\n' ' 39 quoteright u2019 right quote\n' \\(aq quotesingle u0027 apostrophe quote\n( ( 40 parenleft u0028 parentheses left\n) ) 41 parenright u0029 parentheses right\n* * 42 asterisk u002A asterisk\n+ + 43 plus u002B plus\n, , 44 comma u002C comma\n- - 45 hyphen u2010 hyphen\n- \\- minus u2212 minus sign\n. . 46 period u002E period, dot\n\n/ / 47 slash u002F slash\n: : 58 colon u003A colon\n; ; 59 semicolon u003B semicolon\n< < 60 less u003C less than\n= = 61 equal u003D equal\n> > 62 greater u003E greater than\n? ? 63 question u003F question mark\n@ @ 64 at u0040 at\n[ [ 91 bracketleft u005B square bracket left\n\\ \\ 92 backslash u005C backslash\n] ] 93 bracketright u005D square bracket right\n^ ^ 94 circumflex u02C6 modifier circumflex\n^ \\(ha asciicircum u005E circumflex accent\n95 underscore u005F underscore\n' ` 96 quoteleft u2018 left quote\n` \\(ga grave u0060 grave accent\n{ { 123 braceleft u007B curly brace left\n| | 124 bar u007C bar\n} } 125 braceright u007D curly brace right\n~ 126 tilde u02DC small tilde\n~ \\(ti asciitilde u007E tilde\n\n8-bit Character Codes 160 to 255\nThey are interpreted as printable characters according to the latin1\n(ISO-8859-1) code set, being identical to the Unicode range Latin-1\nSupplement.\n\nInput characters in range 128-159 (on non-EBCDIC hosts) are not print-\nable characters.\n\n160 the ISO latin1 no-break space is mapped to '\\~', the stretchable\nspace character.\n\n173 the soft hyphen control character. groff never uses this char-\nacter for output (thus it is omitted in the table below); the\ninput character 173 is mapped onto '\\%'.\n\nThe remaining ranges (161-172, 174-255) are printable characters that\nprint as themselves. Although they can be specified directly with the\nkeyboard on systems with a latin1 code page, it is better to use their\nglyph names; see the next section.\n\n! ! 161 exclamdown u00A1 inverted exclamation mark\nc c 162 cent u00A2 currency unit\nL L 163 sterling u00A3 pound sterling\nx x 164 currency u00A4 generic currency symbol\nY Y 165 yen u00A5 Japanese currency symbol\n| | 166 brokenbar u00A6 broken bar\n
167 section u00A7 section sign\n\" \" 168 dieresis u00A8 dieresis (umlaut)\n(C) (C) 169 copyright u00A9 copyright symbol\na a 170 ordfeminine u00AA feminine ordinal (Spanish)\n<< << 171 guillemotleft u00AB left guillemet [sic]\n~ ~ 172 logicalnot u00AC logical not\nR) R) 174 registered u00AE registered mark symbol\n175 macron u00AF overbar accent\n 176 degree u00B0 degree sign\n+- +- 177 plusminus u00B1 plus-minus sign\n^2 ^2 178 twosuperior u00B2 superscript 2\n^3 ^3 179 threesuperior u00B3 superscript 3\n' ' 180 acute u00B4 acute accent\n 181 mu u00B5 micro sign\n 182 paragraph u00B6 end of paragraphs marker\n\n. . 183 periodcentered u00B7 centered period\n, , 184 cedilla u00B8 cedilla accent\n^1 ^1 185 onesuperior u00B9 superscript 1\no o 186 ordmasculine u00BA masculine ordinal (Spanish)\n>> >> 187 guillemotright u00BB right guillemet [sic]\n1/4 1/4 188 onequarter u00BC 1/4 symbol\n1/2 1/2 189 onehalf u00BD 1/2 symbol\n3/4 3/4 190 threequarters u00BE 3/4 symbol\n? ? 191 questiondown u00BF inverted question mark\nA A 192 Agrave u00410300 A grave\nA A 193 Aacute u00410301 A acute\nA A 194 Acircumflex u00410302 A circumflex\nA A 195 Atilde u00410303 A tilde\nA A 196 Adieresis u00410308 A dieresis (umlaut)\nA A 197 Aring u0041030A A ring\nAE AE 198 AE u00C6 A+E combined\nC C 199 Ccedilla u00430327 C cedilla\nE E 200 Egrave u00450300 E grave\nE E 201 Eacute u00450301 E acute\nE E 202 Ecircumflex u00450302 E circumflex\nE E 203 Edieresis u00450308 E dieresis (umlaut)\nI I 204 Igrave u00490300 I grave\nI I 205 Iacute u00490301 I acute\nI I 206 Icircumflex u00490302 I circumflex\nI I 207 Idieresis u00490308 I dieresis\nDh Dh 208 Eth u00D0 E th\nN N 209 Ntilde u004E0303 N tilde\nO O 210 Ograve u004F0300 O grave\nO O 211 Oacute u004F0301 O acute\nO O 212 Ocircumflex u004F0302 O circumflex\nO O 213 Otilde u004F0303 O tilde\nO O 214 Odieresis u004F0308 O dieresis (umlaut)\nx x 215 multiply u00D7 multiply\nO O 216 Oslash u00D8 O slash\nU U 217 Ugrave u00550300 U grave\nU U 218 Uacute u00550301 U acute\nU U 219 Ucircumflex u00550302 U circumflex\nU U 220 Udieresis u00550308 U dieresis (umlaut)\nY Y 221 Yacute u00590301 Y acute\nTh Th 222 Thorn u00DE Thorn\nss ss 223 germandbls u00DF German double s (sharp s)\na a 224 agrave u00610300 a grave\na a 225 aacute u00610301 a acute\na a 226 acircumflex u00610302 a circumflex\na a 227 atilde u00610303 a tilde\na a 228 adieresis u00610308 a dieresis (umlaut)\na a 229 aring u0061030A a ring\nae ae 230 ae u00E6 a+e combined\nc c 231 ccedilla u00630327 c cedilla\ne e 232 egrave u00650300 e grave\ne e 233 eacute u00650301 e acute\ne e 234 ecircumflex u00650302 e circumflex\ne e 235 edieresis u00650308 e dieresis (umlaut)\ni i 236 igrave u00690300 i grave\ni i 237 iacute u00690301 i acute\ni i 238 icircumflex u00690302 i circumflex\ni i 239 idieresis u00690308 i dieresis (umlaut)\ndh dh 240 eth u00F0 e th\nn n 241 ntilde u006E0303 n tilde\no o 242 ograve u006F0300 o grave\no o 243 oacute u006F0301 o acute\no o 244 ocircumflex u006F0302 o circumflex\no o 245 otilde u006F0303 o tilde\no o 246 odieresis u006F0308 o dieresis (umlaut)\n/ / 247 divide u00F7 divide\n\no o 248 oslash u00F8 o slash\nu u 249 ugrave u00750300 u grave\nu u 250 uacute u00750301 u acute\nu u 251 ucircumflex u00750302 u circumflex\nu u 252 udieresis u00750308 u dieresis (umlaut)\ny y 253 yacute u00790301 y acute\nth th 254 thorn u00FE thorn\ny y 255 ydieresis u00790308 y dieresis (umlaut)\n\nNamed Glyphs\nGlyph names can be embedded into the document text by using escape se-\nquences. groff(7) describes how these escape sequences look. Glyph\nnames can consist of quite arbitrary characters from the ASCII or\nlatin1 code set, not only alphanumeric characters. Here some examples:\n\n\\(ch A glyph having the 2-character name ch.\n\n\\[charname]\nA glyph having the name charname (having length 1, 2, 3, ...).\nNote that 'c' is not the same as '\\[c]' (c a single character):\nThe latter is internally mapped to glyph name '\\c'. By default,\ngroff defines a single glyph name starting with a backslash,\nnamely '\\-', which can be either accessed as '\\-' or '\\[-]'.\n\n\\[baseglyph composite1 composite2 ...]\nA composite glyph; see below for a more detailed description.\n\nIn groff, each 8-bit input character can also referred to by the con-\nstruct '\\[charn]' where n is the decimal code of the character, a num-\nber between 0 and 255 without leading zeros (those entities are not\nglyph names). They are normally mapped onto glyphs using the .trin re-\nquest.\n\nAnother special convention is the handling of glyphs with names di-\nrectly derived from a Unicode code point; this is shown in the 'Uni-\ncode' column of the table below. In general, all glyphs not having a\nname as listed in this manual page can be accessed with the '\\[uXXXX]'\nconstruct. Refer to section \"Using Symbols\" in Groff: The GNU Imple-\nmentation of troff, the groff Texinfo manual, which describes how groff\nglyph names are constructed.\n\nMoreover, new glyph names can be created by the .char request; see\ngroff(7).\n\nIn the following, a plus sign '+' in the 'Notes' column indicates that\nthis particular glyph name appears in the PS version of the original\ntroff documentation, CSTR 54.\n\nEntries marked with '*' denote glyphs for mathematical purposes\n(mainly used for DVI output). Normally, such glyphs have metrics which\nmake them unusable in normal text.\n\nDh \\[-D] Eth u00D0 uppercase eth\ndh \\[Sd] eth u00F0 lowercase eth\nTh \\[TP] Thorn u00DE uppercase thorn\nth \\[Tp] thorn u00FE lowercase thorn\nss \\[ss] germandbls u00DF German double s (sharp s)\n\nLigatures and Other Latin Glyphs\n\nff \\[ff] ff u00660066 ff ligature +\n\nfi \\[fi] fi u00660069 fi ligature +\nfl \\[fl] fl u0066006C fl ligature +\nffi \\[Fi] ffi u006600660069 ffi ligature +\nffl \\[Fl] ffl u00660066006C ffl ligature +\nL \\[/L] Lslash u0141 L slash (Polish)\nl \\[/l] lslash u0142 l slash (Polish)\nO \\[/O] Oslash u00D8 O slash (Scandinavian)\no \\[/o] oslash u00F8 o slash (Scandinavian)\nAE \\[AE] AE u00C6 A+E combined\nae \\[ae] ae u00E6 a+e combined\nOE \\[OE] OE u0152 O+E combined\noe \\[oe] oe u0153 o+e combined\nIJ \\[IJ] IJ u0132 I+J combined (Dutch)\nij \\[ij] ij u0133 i+j combined(Dutch)\ni \\[.i] dotlessi u0131 i without a dot (Turkish)\nj \\[.j] dotlessj u0237 j without a dot\n\nAccented Characters\n\nA \\['A] Aacute u00410301 A acute\n\\['C] Cacute u00430301 C acute\nE \\['E] Eacute u00450301 E acute\nI \\['I] Iacute u00490301 I acute\nO \\['O] Oacute u004F0301 O acute\nU \\['U] Uacute u00550301 U acute\nY \\['Y] Yacute u00590301 Y acute\na \\['a] aacute u00610301 a acute\n\\['c] cacute u00630301 c acute\ne \\['e] eacute u00650301 e acute\ni \\['i] iacute u00690301 i acute\no \\['o] oacute u006F0301 o acute\nu \\['u] uacute u00750301 u acute\ny \\['y] yacute u00790301 y acute\nA \\[:A] Adieresis u00410308 A dieresis (umlaut)\nE \\[:E] Edieresis u00450308 E dieresis (umlaut)\nI \\[:I] Idieresis u00490308 I dieresis (umlaut)\nO \\[:O] Odieresis u004F0308 O dieresis (umlaut)\nU \\[:U] Udieresis u00550308 U dieresis (umlaut)\n\\[:Y] Ydieresis u00590308 Y dieresis (umlaut)\na \\[:a] adieresis u00610308 a dieresis (umlaut)\ne \\[:e] edieresis u00650308 e dieresis (umlaut)\ni \\[:i] idieresis u00690308 i dieresis (umlaut)\no \\[:o] odieresis u006F0308 o dieresis (umlaut)\nu \\[:u] udieresis u00750308 u dieresis (umlaut)\ny \\[:y] ydieresis u00790308 y dieresis (umlaut)\nA \\[^A] Acircumflex u00410302 A circumflex\nE \\[^E] Ecircumflex u00450302 E circumflex\nI \\[^I] Icircumflex u00490302 I circumflex\nO \\[^O] Ocircumflex u004F0302 O circumflex\nU \\[^U] Ucircumflex u00550302 U circumflex\na \\[^a] acircumflex u00610302 a circumflex\ne \\[^e] ecircumflex u00650302 e circumflex\ni \\[^i] icircumflex u00690302 i circumflex\no \\[^o] ocircumflex u006F0302 o circumflex\nu \\[^u] ucircumflex u00750302 u circumflex\nA \\[`A] Agrave u00410300 A grave\nE \\[`E] Egrave u00450300 E grave\nI \\[`I] Igrave u00490300 I grave\nO \\[`O] Ograve u004F0300 O grave\nU \\[`U] Ugrave u00550300 U grave\na \\[`a] agrave u00610300 a grave\ne \\[`e] egrave u00650300 e grave\ni \\[`i] igrave u00690300 i grave\n\no \\[`o] ograve u006F0300 o grave\nu \\[`u] ugrave u00750300 u grave\nA \\[~A] Atilde u00410303 A tilde\nN \\[~N] Ntilde u004E0303 N tilde\nO \\[~O] Otilde u004F0303 O tilde\na \\[~a] atilde u00610303 a tilde\nn \\[~n] ntilde u006E0303 n tilde\no \\[~o] otilde u006F0303 o tilde\n\\[vS] Scaron u0053030C S caron\n\\[vs] scaron u0073030C s caron\n\\[vZ] Zcaron u005A030C Z caron\n\\[vz] zcaron u007A030C z caron\nC \\[,C] Ccedilla u00430327 C cedilla\nc \\[,c] ccedilla u00630327 c cedilla\nA \\[oA] Aring u0041030A A ring\na \\[oa] aring u0061030A a ring\n\nAccents\n\nThe composite request is used to map most of the accents to non-spacing\nglyph names; the values given in parentheses are the original (spacing)\nones.\n\n\\[a\"] hungarumlaut u030B (u02DD) Hungarian umlaut\n\\[a-] macron u0304 (u00AF) overbar accent\n. \\[a.] dotaccent u0307 (u02D9) dot accent\n^ \\[a^] circumflex u0302 (u005E) circumflex accent\n' \\[aa] acute u0301 (u00B4) acute accent +\n` \\[ga] grave u0300 (u0060) grave accent +\n` \\[ab] breve u0306 (u02D8) breve accent\n, \\[ac] cedilla u0327 (u00B8) cedilla accent\n\" \\[ad] dieresis u0308 (u00A8) umlaut accent\nv \\[ah] caron u030C (u02C7) caron accent\no \\[ao] ring u030A (u02DA) small circle, ring accent\n~ \\[a~] tilde u0303 (u007E) tilde accent\n, \\[ho] ogonek u0328 (u02DB) hook accent\n^ \\[ha] asciicircum u005E high circumflex, ASCII\ncharacter, in mathematics\nthe power sign\n~ \\[ti] asciitilde u007E tilde in vertical middle,\nASCII, in Unix-like the\nhome directory\n\nQuotes\n\n,, \\[Bq] quotedblbase u201E low double comma quote\n, \\[bq] quotesinglbase u201A low single comma quote\n\" \\[lq] quotedblleft u201C left double quote\n\" \\[rq] quotedblright u201D right double quote\n' \\[oq] quoteleft u2018 single open (left) quote\n' \\[cq] quoteright u2019 single closing (right) quote\n' \\[aq] quotesingle u0027 apostrophe quote (ASCII 39)\n\" \\[dq] quotedbl u0022 double quote (ASCII 34)\n<< \\[Fo] guillemotleft u00AB left guillemet [sic]\n>> \\[Fc] guillemotright u00BB right guillemet [sic]\n< \\[fo] guilsinglleft u2039 single left-pointing angle\nquotation mark\n> \\[fc] guilsinglright u203A single right-pointing angle\nquotation mark\n\nPunctuation\n\n! \\[r!] exclamdown u00A1 inverted exclamation mark\n? \\[r?] questiondown u00BF inverted question mark\n-- \\[em] emdash u2014 em-dash symbol +\n- \\[en] endash u2013 en-dash symbol\n- \\[hy] hyphen u2010 hyphen symbol +\n\nBrackets\n\nThe extensible bracket pieces are font-invariant glyphs. In classical\ntroff only one glyph was available to vertically extend brackets,\nbraces, and parentheses: 'bv'. We map it rather arbitrarily to u23AA.\n\nNote that not all devices contain extensible bracket pieces which can\nbe piled up with '\\b' due to the restrictions of the escape's piling\nalgorithm. A general solution to build brackets out of pieces is the\nfollowing macro:\n\n.\\\" Make a pile centered vertically 0.5em\n.\\\" above the baseline.\n.\\\" The first argument is placed at the top.\n.\\\" The pile is returned in string 'pile'\n.eo\n.de pile-make\n. nr pile-wd 0\n. nr pile-ht 0\n. ds pile-args\n.\n. nr pile-# \\n[.$]\n. while \\n[pile-#] \\{\\\n. nr pile-wd (\\n[pile-wd] >? \\w'\\$[\\n[pile-#]]')\n. nr pile-ht +(\\n[rst] - \\n[rsb])\n. as pile-args \\v'\\n[rsb]u'\\\"\n. as pile-args \\Z'\\$[\\n[pile-#]]'\\\"\n. as pile-args \\v'-\\n[rst]u'\\\"\n. nr pile-# -1\n. \\}\n.\n. ds pile \\v'(-0.5m + (\\n[pile-ht]u / 2u))'\\\"\n. as pile \\*[pile-args]\\\"\n. as pile \\v'((\\n[pile-ht]u / 2u) + 0.5m)'\\\"\n. as pile \\h'\\n[pile-wd]u'\\\"\n..\n.ec\n\nAnother complication is the fact that some glyphs which represent\nbracket pieces in original troff can be used for other mathematical\nsymbols also, for example 'lf' and 'rf' which provide the 'floor' oper-\nator. Other devices (most notably for DVI output) don't unify such\nglyphs. For this reason, the four glyphs 'lf', 'rf', 'lc', and 'rc'\nare not unified with similarly looking bracket pieces. In groff, only\nglyphs with long names are guaranteed to pile up correctly for all de-\nvices (provided those glyphs exist).\n\n[ \\[lB] bracketleft u005B left square\nbracket\n] \\[rB] bracketright u005D right square\nbracket\n{ \\[lC] braceleft u007B left curly\nbrace\n} \\[rC] braceright u007D right curly\nbrace\n\n< \\[la] angleleft u27E8 left angle\nbracket\n> \\[ra] angleright u27E9 right angle\nbracket\n\n| \\[bv] braceex u23AA curly brace\nvertical exten-\nsion * +\n\\[braceex] braceex u23AA curly brace\nvertical exten-\nsion\n\n\\[bracketlefttp] bracketlefttp u23A1 left square\nbracket top\n\\[bracketleftbt] bracketleftbt u23A3 left square\nbracket bottom\n\\[bracketleftex] bracketleftex u23A2 left square\nbracket exten-\nsion\n\\[bracketrighttp] bracketrighttp u23A4 right square\nbracket top\n\\[bracketrightbt] bracketrightbt u23A6 right square\nbracket bottom\n\\[bracketrightex] bracketrightex u23A5 right square\nbracket exten-\nsion\n\n,- \\[lt] bracelefttp u23A7 left curly\nbrace top +\n\\[bracelefttp] bracelefttp u23A7 left curly\nbrace top\n{ \\[lk] braceleftmid u23A8 left curly\nbrace middle +\n\\[braceleftmid] braceleftmid u23A8 left curly\nbrace middle\n`- \\[lb] braceleftbt u23A9 left curly\nbrace bottom +\n\\[braceleftbt] braceleftbt u23A9 left curly\nbrace bottom\n\\[braceleftex] braceleftex u23AA left curly\nbrace extension\n-. \\[rt] bracerighttp u23AB right curly\nbrace top +\n\\[bracerighttp] bracerighttp u23AB right curly\nbrace top\n} \\[rk] bracerightmid u23AC right curly\nbrace middle +\n\\[bracerightmid] bracerightmid u23AC right curly\nbrace middle\n-' \\[rb] bracerightbt u23AD right curly\nbrace bottom +\n\\[bracerightbt] bracerightbt u23AD right curly\nbrace bottom\n\\[bracerightex] bracerightex u23AA right curly\nbrace extension\n\\[parenlefttp] parenlefttp u239B left parenthe-\nsis top\n\\[parenleftbt] parenleftbt u239D left parenthe-\nsis bottom\n\\[parenleftex] parenleftex u239C left parenthe-\nsis extension\n\\[parenrighttp] parenrighttp u239E right parenthe-\nsis top\n\\[parenrightbt] parenrightbt u23A0 right parenthe-\nsis bottoom\n\n\\[parenrightex] parenrightex u239F right parenthe-\nsis extension\n\nArrows\n\n<- \\[<-] arrowleft u2190 horizontal arrow left +\n-> \\[->] arrowright u2192 horizontal arrow right +\n<-> \\[<>] arrowboth u2194 horizontal arrow in both di-\nrections\nv \\[da] arrowdown u2193 vertical arrow down +\n^ \\[ua] arrowup u2191 vertical arrow up +\n\\[va] arrowupdn u2195 vertical arrow in both direc-\ntions\n<= \\[lA] arrowdblleft u21D0 horizontal double arrow left\n=> \\[rA] arrowdblright u21D2 horizontal double arrow right\n<=> \\[hA] arrowdblboth u21D4 horizontal double arrow in\nboth directions\nv \\[dA] arrowdbldown u21D3 vertical double arrow down\n^ \\[uA] arrowdblup u21D1 vertical double arrow up\n\\[vA] uni21D5 u21D5 vertical double arrow in both\ndirections\n- \\[an] arrowhorizex u23AF horizontal arrow extension\n\nLines\n\nThe font-invariant glyphs 'br', 'ul', and 'rn' form corners; they can\nbe used to build boxes. Note that both the PostScript and the Unicode-\nderived names of these three glyphs are just rough approximations.\n\n'rn' also serves in classical troff as the horizontal extension of the\nsquare root sign.\n\n'ru' is a font-invariant glyph, namely a rule of length 0.5m.\n\n| \\[ba] bar u007C\n| \\[br] SF110000 u2502 box rule +\n\\[ul] underscore u005F +\n\\[rn] overline u203E +\n\\[ru] --- --- baseline rule +\n| \\[bb] brokenbar u00A6\n/ \\[sl] slash u002F +\n\\ \\[rs] backslash u005C reverse solidus\n\nUse '\\[radicalex]', not '\\[overline]', for continuation of square root.\n\nText markers\n\nO \\[ci] circle u25CB +\no \\[bu] bullet u2022 +\n<> \\[dd] daggerdbl u2021 double dagger sign +\n<*> \\[dg] dagger u2020 dagger +\n<> \\[lz] lozenge u25CA lozenge, diamond, pound key\n[] \\[sq] uni25A1 u25A1 white square +\n \\[ps] paragraph u00B6 end of paragraph marker\n
\\[sc] section u00A7 section sign +\n<= \\[lh] uni261C u261C hand pointing left +\n=> \\[rh] a14 u261E hand pointing right +\n@ \\[at] at u0040 at\n# \\[sh] numbersign u0023 number sign\n\n \\[CR] carriagereturn u21B5 carriage return\n\\[OK] a19 u2713 check mark, tick\n\nLegal Symbols\n\n(C) \\[co] copyright u00A9 +\n(R) \\[rg] registered u00AE +\ntm \\[tm] trademark u2122\n\\[bs] --- --- AT&T Bell Labs logo +\n\nThe Bell Labs logo is not supported in groff.\n\nCurrency symbols\n\n$ \\[Do] dollar u0024 dollar\nc \\[ct] cent u00A2 cent +\nEUR \\[eu] --- u20AC official Euro symbol\nEUR \\[Eu] Euro u20AC font-specific Euro glyph variant\nY \\[Ye] yen u00A5 Japanese Yen\nL \\[Po] sterling u00A3 pound sterling (British)\nx \\[Cs] currency u00A4 Scandinavian currency sign\nf \\[Fn] florin u0192 Dutch currency sign\n\nUnits\n\n \\[de] degree u00B0 degree +\n \\[%0] perthousand u2030 per thousand, per mille sign\n' \\[fm] minute u2032 arc minute sign +\n'' \\[sd] second u2033 acr second sign\n \\[mc] mu u00B5 mu, micro sign\na \\[Of] ordfeminine u00AA feminine ordinal (Spanish)\no \\[Om] ordmasculine u00BA masculine ordinal (Spanish)\n\nLogical Symbols\n\n^ \\[AN] logicaland u2227 logical and\nv \\[OR] logicalor u2228 logical or\n~ \\[no] logicalnot u00AC logical not + *\n~ \\[tno] logicalnot u00AC text variant of 'no'\n \\[te] existential u2203 there exists\n \\[fa] universal u2200 for all\n \\[st] suchthat u220B sucht that\n \\[3d] therefore u2234 therefore\n \\[tf] therefore u2234 therefore\n| \\[or] bar u007C bitwise OR operator\n(as used in C) +\n\nMathematical Symbols\n\n1/2 \\[12] onehalf u00BD 1/2 symbol +\n1/4 \\[14] onequarter u00BC 1/4 symbol +\n3/4 \\[34] threequarters u00BE 3/4 symbol +\n1/8 \\[18] oneeighth u215B 1/8 symbol\n3/8 \\[38] threeeighths u215C 3/8 symbol\n5/8 \\[58] fiveeighths u215D 5/8 symbol\n\n7/8 \\[78] seveneighths u215E 7/8 symbol\n^1 \\[S1] onesuperior u00B9 superscript 1\n^2 \\[S2] twosuperior u00B2 superscript 2\n^3 \\[S3] threesuperior u00B3 superscript 3\n\n+ \\[pl] plus u002B plus in special font +\n- \\[mi] minus u2212 minus in special font +\n-+ \\[-+] uni2213 u2213 minus-plus\n+- \\[+-] plusminus u00B1 plus-minus + *\n+- \\[t+-] plusminus u00B1 text variant of \\[+-]\n. \\[pc] periodcentered u00B7 period centered\n. \\[md] dotmath u22C5 multiplication dot\nx \\[mu] multiply u00D7 multiply sign + *\nx \\[tmu] multiply u00D7 text variant of \\[mu]\nx \\[c*] circlemultiply u2297 multiply sign in circle\n+ \\[c+] circleplus u2295 plus sign in circle\n/ \\[di] divide u00F7 division sign + *\n/ \\[tdi] divide u00F7 text variant of \\[di]\n/ \\[f/] fraction u2044 bar for fractions\n* \\[] asteriskmath u2217 mathematical asterisk +\n\n<= \\[<=] lessequal u2264 less or equal +\n>= \\[>=] greaterequal u2265 greater or equal +\n<< \\[<<] uni226A u226A much less\n>> \\[>>] uni226B u226B much greater\n= \\[eq] equal u003D equals in special font +\n!= \\[!=] notequal u003D0338 not equal +\n== \\[==] equivalence u2261 equivalent +\n!== \\[ne] uni2262 u22610338 not equivalent\n=~ \\[=~] congruent u2245 congruent, approx. equal\n-~ \\[|=] uni2243 u2243 asymptot. equal to +\n~ \\[ap] similar u223C similar +\n~~ \\[~~] approxequal u2248 almost equal to\n~= \\[~=] approxequal u2248 almost equal to\n \\[pt] proportional u221D proportional +\n\n{} \\[es] emptyset u2205 empty set +\n \\[mo] element u2208 element of a set +\n \\[nm] notelement u22080338 not element of set\n \\[sb] propersubset u2282 proper subset +\n \\[nb] notsubset u22820338 not supset\n \\[sp] propersuperset u2283 proper superset +\n \\[nc] uni2285 u22830338 not superset\n \\[ib] reflexsubset u2286 subset or equal +\n \\[ip] reflexsuperset u2287 superset or equal +\n \\[ca] intersection u2229 intersection, cap +\n \\[cu] union u222A union, cup +\n\n \\[/] angle u2220 angle\n \\[pp] perpendicular u22A5 perpendicular\n \\[is] integral u222B integral +\n \\[integral] integral u222B integral *\n \\[sum] summation u2211 summation *\n \\[product] product u220F product *\n \\[coproduct] uni2210 u2210 coproduct *\n \\[gr] gradient u2207 gradient +\n \\[sr] radical u221A square root +\n \\[sqrt] radical u221A square root", "subsections": [] }, "\\[radicalex] radicalex --- square root continuation": { "content": "", "subsections": [] }, "\\[sqrtex] radicalex --- square root continuation": { "content": "|~ \\[lc] uni2308 u2308 left ceiling +\n~| \\[rc] uni2309 u2309 right ceiling +\n\n| \\[lf] uni230A u230A left floor +\n| \\[rf] uni230B u230B right floor +\n\n \\[if] infinity u221E infinity +\n \\[Ah] aleph u2135 aleph\n \\[Im] Ifraktur u2111 Gothic I, imaginary\n \\[Re] Rfraktur u211C Gothic R, real\np \\[wp] weierstrass u2118 Weierstrass p\n \\[pd] partialdiff u2202 partial differentiation\n+\n\\[-h] uni210F u210F Planck constant / 2pi\n(h-bar)\n\\[hbar] uni210F u210F Planck constant / 2pi\n(h-bar)\n\nGreek glyphs\n\nThese glyphs are intended for technical use, not for real Greek; nor-\nmally, the uppercase letters have upright shape, and the lowercase ones\nare slanted. There is a problem with the mapping of letter phi to Uni-\ncode. Prior to Unicode version 3.0, the difference between U+03C6,\nGREEK SMALL LETTER PHI, and U+03D5, GREEK PHI SYMBOL, was not clearly\ndescribed; only the glyph shapes in the Unicode book could be used as a\nreference. Starting with Unicode 3.0, the reference glyphs have been\nexchanged and described verbally also: In mathematical context, U+03D5\nis the stroked variant and U+03C6 the curly glyph. Unfortunately, most\nfont vendors didn't update their fonts to this (incompatible) change in\nUnicode. At the time of this writing (January 2006), it is not clear\nyet whether the Adobe Glyph Names 'phi' and 'phi1' also change its\nmeaning if used for mathematics, thus compatibility problems are likely\nto happen - being conservative, groff currently assumes that 'phi' in a\nPostScript symbol font is the stroked version.\n\nIn groff, symbol '\\[*f]' always denotes the stroked version of phi, and\n'\\[+f]' the curly variant.\n\nA \\[*A] Alpha u0391 +\nB \\[*B] Beta u0392 +\n \\[*G] Gamma u0393 +\n \\[*D] Delta u0394 +\nE \\[*E] Epsilon u0395 +\nZ \\[*Z] Zeta u0396 +\nH \\[*Y] Eta u0397 +\n \\[*H] Theta u0398 +\nI \\[*I] Iota u0399 +\nK \\[*K] Kappa u039A +\n \\[*L] Lambda u039B +\nM \\[*M] Mu u039C +\nN \\[*N] Nu u039D +\n \\[*C] Xi u039E +\nO \\[*O] Omicron u039F +\n \\[*P] Pi u03A0 +\nP \\[*R] Rho u03A1 +\n \\[*S] Sigma u03A3 +\nT \\[*T] Tau u03A4 +\nY \\[*U] Upsilon u03A5 +\n \\[*F] Phi u03A6 +\nX \\[*X] Chi u03A7 +\n \\[*Q] Psi u03A8 +\n \\[*W] Omega u03A9 +\n \\[*a] alpha u03B1 +\n \\[*b] beta u03B2 +\n \\[*g] gamma u03B3 +\n\n \\[*d] delta u03B4 +\n \\[*e] epsilon u03B5 +\n \\[*z] zeta u03B6 +\n \\[*y] eta u03B7 +\n \\[*h] theta u03B8 +\n \\[*i] iota u03B9 +\n \\[*k] kappa u03BA +\n \\[*l] lambda u03BB +\n \\[*m] mu u03BC +\n \\[*n] nu u03BD +\n \\[*c] xi u03BE +\no \\[*o] omicron u03BF +\n \\[*p] pi u03C0 +\n \\[*r] rho u03C1 +\n \\[ts] sigma1 u03C2 terminal sigma +\n \\[*s] sigma u03C3 +\n \\[*t] tau u03C4 +\n \\[*u] upsilon u03C5 +\n \\[*f] phi u03D5 (stroked glyph) +\n \\[*x] chi u03C7 +\n \\[*q] psi u03C8 +\n \\[*w] omega u03C9 +\n \\[+h] theta1 u03D1 variant theta\n \\[+f] phi1 u03C6 variant phi (curly shape)\n \\[+p] omega1 u03D6 variant pi, looking like omega\n \\[+e] uni03F5 u03F5 variant epsilon\n\nCard symbols\n\nC \\[CL] club u2663 black club suit\nS \\[SP] spade u2660 black spade suit\nH \\[HE] heart u2665 black heart suit\n\\[u2661] uni2661 u2661 white heart suit\nD \\[DI] diamond u2666 black diamond suit\n\\[u2662] uni2662 u2662 white diamond suit\n", "subsections": [] }, "AUTHORS": { "content": "This document was written by James Clark , with addi-\ntions by Werner Lemberg and Bernd Warken\n, and revised to use real tables by Eric\nS. Raymond .\n", "subsections": [] }, "SEE ALSO": { "content": "Groff: The GNU Implementation of troff, by Trent A. Fisher and Werner\nLemberg, is the primary groff manual. Section \"Using Symbols\" may be\nof particular note. You can browse it interactively with \"info\n'(groff)Using Symbols'\".\n\ngroff(1)\nthe GNU roff formatter\n\ngroff(7)\na short reference of the groff formatting language\n\nAn extension to the troff character set for Europe, E.G. Keizer, K.J.\nSimonsen, J. Akkerhuis; EUUG Newsletter, Volume 9, No. 2, Summer 1989\n\nThe Unicode Standard \n\ngroff 1.22.4 23 March 2022 GROFFCHAR(7)", "subsections": [] } }, "summary": "groffchar - groff glyph names", "flags": [], "examples": [], "see_also": [ { "name": "groff", "section": "1", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/groff/1/json" }, { "name": "groff", "section": "7", "url": "https://www.chedong.com/phpMan.php/man/groff/7/json" } ] }