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📖 NAME

Date::Manip::Lang::dutch — Dutch language support.

🚀 Quick Reference

Use Case	Expression	Description
📅 Full month names	januari, februari, maart, april, mei, juni, juli, augustus, september, oktober, november, december	Written-out month names
📅 Month abbreviations	jan, feb, maa, mrt, apr, mei, jun, jul, aug, sep, oct, okt, nov, dec	Abbreviated month names
📆 Full day names	maandag, dinsdag, woensdag, donderdag, vrijdag, zaterdag, zondag	Written-out day names
📆 Day abbreviations	ma, di, wo, do, vr, zat, za, zon, zo	Abbreviated day names
📆 Short day abbreviations	M, D, W, D, V, Za, Zo	1–2 character day abbreviations
📍 Today	vandaag	Sets date to current day
📍 Tomorrow	morgen	Sets date to next day
📍 Yesterday	gisteren	Sets date to previous day
📍 Day after tomorrow	overmorgen	Sets date to +2 days
📍 Day before yesterday	eergisteren	Sets date to -2 days
🕐 Noon	noen → 12:00:00	Sets time to noon
🕐 Midnight	middernacht → 00:00:00	Sets time to midnight
🕐 Now	nu, nou → 0:0:0:0:0:0:0	Sets datetime to current moment
🌅 Morning indicator	am, a.m., vm, v.m., voormiddag, 's ochtends, ochtend, 's nachts, nacht	12-hour morning/afternoon times
🌅 Afternoon indicator	pm, p.m., nm, n.m., namiddag, 's middags, middag, 's avonds, avond	12-hour afternoon/evening times
🔄 Each/every	elke, elk	Every occurrence (e.g. elke maandag)
⏭️ Next occurrence	volgende, volgend	Next week/month/day
⏪ Previous occurrence	voorgaande, voorgaand, vorige	Previous week/month/day
⏹️ Last occurrence	laatste, afgelopen	Last week/month/day
⏪ Past delta	geleden, vroeger, eerder	5 days geleden (5 days ago)
⏩ Future delta	over, later	Over 5 dagen (in 5 days)
💼 Business delta	werk, werkdagen, zakelijke, zakelijk	Business days only
🔢 Numbers 1–53	1ste, eerste, een … 53ste, drieenvijftig, drieenvijftigste	Spelled-out numbers for dates
⏰ Time separator	[.] [.] or [uh] [m]	Alternative hour:minute:second separators
🔬 Fractional second	. (decimal point)	Decimal point always allowed

📋 SYNOPSIS

This module contains a list of words and expressions supporting the language. It is not intended to be used directly (other Date::Manip modules will load it as needed).

🗣️ LANGUAGE EXPRESSIONS

The following is a list of all language words and expressions used to write times and/or dates.

All strings are case insensitive.

📅 Month names and abbreviations

When writing out the name of the month, several different variations may exist including full names and abbreviations.

Full month names:

• januari
• februari
• maart
• april
• mei
• juni
• juli
• augustus
• september
• oktober
• november
• december

Abbreviations:

• jan
• feb
• maa, mrt
• apr
• mei
• jun
• jul
• aug
• sep
• oct, okt
• nov
• dec

📆 Day names and abbreviations

When writing out the name of the day, several different variations may exist including full names and abbreviations.

Full day names:

• maandag
• dinsdag
• woensdag
• donderdag
• vrijdag
• zaterdag
• zondag

Abbreviations:

• ma
• di
• wo
• do
• vr
• zat, za
• zon, zo

Short (1–2 character) abbreviations:

• M
• D
• W
• D
• V
• Za
• Zo

⏳ Delta field names

These are the names (and abbreviations) for the fields in a delta. There are 7 fields: years, months, weeks, days, hours, minutes, seconds.

Field	Names & Abbreviations
📅 Years	jaren, jaar, ja, j
📅 Months	maanden, maand, mnd
📅 Weeks	weken, week, w
📅 Days	dagen, dag, d
⏰ Hours	uren, uur, u, h
⏰ Minutes	minuten, m, minuut, min
⏰ Seconds	seconden, seconde, sec, s

🌅 Morning/afternoon times

Expressions used to designate morning or afternoon time when a time is entered as a 12-hour time rather than a 24-hour time. For example, in English, the time "17:00" could be specified as "5:00 PM".

Morning / AM:

• am, a.m., vm, v.m., voormiddag, 's ochtends, ochtend, 's nachts, nacht

Afternoon / PM:

• pm, p.m., nm, n.m., namiddag, 's middags, middag, 's avonds, avond

🔄 Each or every

Words that specify every occurrence of something. Used in phrases like "EACH Monday", "EVERY Monday", "EVERY month".

• elke
• elk

⏭️ Next/Previous/Last occurrence

Words used to specify the next, previous, or last occurrence of something. Used in phrases like "NEXT week", "LAST Tuesday", "PREVIOUS Tuesday", "LAST day of the month".

Next occurrence:

• volgende
• volgend

Previous occurrence:

• voorgaande
• voorgaand
• vorige

Last occurrence:

• laatste
• afgelopen

⏪ Delta words for going forward/backward in time

When parsing deltas, words that specify the delta refers to a time in the future or to a time in the past (relative to some date). In English, for example: "IN 5 days" / "5 days AGO".

Past (ago):

• geleden
• vroeger
• eerder

Future (in):

• over
• later

💼 Business mode

Two lists of words: one for standard (non-business) deltas, one for business deltas. Previously used to indicate approximate vs. exact, but now only used to force the delta to be standard.

Standard (exact/approximate):

• exact, precies, nauwkeurig, ongeveer, ong, ong., circa, ca, ca.

Business delta:

• werk, werkdagen, zakelijke, zakelijk

🔢 Numbers

Numbers may be spelled out in a variety of ways. The following sets correspond to the numbers from 1 to 53.

#	Dutch Forms
1	1ste, eerste, een
2	2de, tweede, twee
3	3de, derde, drie
4	4de, vierde, vier
5	5de, vijfde, vijf
6	6de, zesde, zes
7	7de, zevende, zeven
8	8ste, achtste, acht
9	9de, negende, negen
10	10de, tiende, tien
11	11de, elfde, elf
12	12de, twaalfde, twaalf
13	13de, dertiende, dertien
14	14de, veertiende, veertien
15	15de, vijftiende, vijftien
16	16de, zestiende, zestien
17	17de, zeventiende, zeventien
18	18de, achttiende, achttien
19	19de, negentiende, negentien
20	20ste, twintigstetiende, twintigtien, twintig
21	21ste, eenentwintigstetiende, een-en-twintigste, eenentwintigtien, een-en-twintig, Eenentwintig
22	22ste, tweeentwintigstetiende, twee-en-twintigste, tweeentwintigtien, twee-en-twintig, tweeentwintig, tweeentwintigste, tweeentwintig, tweeentwintigste
23	23ste, drieentwintigstetiende, drie-en-twintigste, drieentwintigtien, drie-en-twintig, drieentwintig, drieentwintigste, drieentwintig, drieentwintigste
24	24ste, vierentwintigstetiende, vier-en-twintigste, vierentwintigtien, vier-en-twintig, vierentwintig, vierentwintigste
25	25ste, vijfentwintigstetiende, vijf-en-twintigste, vijfentwintigtien, vijf-en-twintig, vijfentwintig, vijfentwintigste
26	26ste, zesentwintigstetiende, zes-en-twintigste, zesentwintigtien, zes-en-twintig, zesentwintig, zesentwintigste
27	27ste, zevenentwintigstetiende, zeven-en-twintigste, zevenentwintigtien, zeven-en-twintig, zevenentwintig, zevenentwintigste
28	28ste, achtentwintigstetiende, acht-en-twintigste, achtentwintigtien, acht-en-twintig, achtentwintig, achtentwintigste
29	29ste, negenentwintigstetiende, negen-en-twintigste, negenentwintigtien, negen-en-twintig, negenentwintig, negenentwintigste
30	30ste, dertigsteentwintigstetiende, dertigste-en-twintigste, dertigentwintigtien, dertig-en-twintig, dertig, dertigste
31	31ste, eenendertigsteentwintigstetiende, een-en-dertigste-en-twintigste, eenendertigentwintigtien, een-en-dertig-en-twintig, eenendertig, eenendertigste
32	32ste, tweeendertig, tweeendertigste, tweeendertig, tweeendertigste
33	33ste, drieendertig, drieendertigste, drieendertig, drieendertigste
34	34ste, vierendertig, vierendertigste
35	35ste, vijfendertig, vijfendertigste
36	36ste, zesendertig, zesendertigste
37	37ste, zevenendertig, zevenendertigste
38	38ste, achtendertig, achtendertigste
39	39ste, negenendertig, negenendertigste
40	40ste, veertig, veertigste
41	41ste, eenenveertig, eenenveertigste
42	42ste, tweeenveertig, tweeenveertigste, tweeenveertig, tweeenveertigste
43	43ste, drieenveertig, drieenveertigste, drieenveertig, drieenveertigste
44	44ste, vierenveertig, vierenveertigste
45	45ste, vijfenveertig, vijfenveertigste
46	46ste, zesenveertig, zesenveertigste
47	47ste, zevenenveertig, zevenenveertigste
48	48ste, achtenveertig, achtenveertigste
49	49ste, negenenveertig, negenenveertigste
50	50ste, vijftig, vijftigste
51	51ste, eenenvijftig, eenenvijftigste
52	52ste, tweeenvijftig, tweeenvijftigste, tweeenvijftig, tweeenvijftigste
53	53ste, drieenvijftig, drieenvijftigste, drieenvijftig, drieenvijftigste

🚫 Ignored words

In writing out dates in common forms, there are a number of words that are typically not important.

Time designator (like "at"):

• om (e.g., "December 3 om 12:00")

Set member designator (like "in" or "of"):

• in
• van (e.g., "1ste dag van December")

Date designator (like "on"):

• op (e.g., "op July 5th")

📅 Words that set the date, time, or both

Words that can be used to specify a date, a time, or both relative to now.

Words that set only the date (similar to English 'yesterday' or 'tomorrow'). These are specified as a delta added to the current time. The time is NOT set — the delta should only include year, month, week, and day fields.

Word	Delta
eergisteren	-0:0:0:2:0:0:0
gisteren	-0:0:0:1:0:0:0
morgen	+0:0:0:1:0:0:0
overmorgen	+0:0:0:2:0:0:0
vandaag	0:0:0:0:0:0:0

Words that set only the time of day (similar to English 'noon' or 'midnight').

Word	Time
middernacht	00:00:00
noen	12:00:00

Words that set the entire time and date (relative to the current time and date), similar to English 'now'.

Word	Delta
nou	0:0:0:0:0:0:0
nu	0:0:0:0:0:0:0

⏰ Hour/Minute/Second separators

When specifying the time of day, the most common separator is a colon (:). Some languages use different pairs. For example, French allows 13h30:20, so it uses the pair h :.

The first column is the hour-minute separator and the second column is the minute-second separator. Both are Perl regular expressions. When creating a new translation, be aware that regular expressions with utf-8 characters may be tricky (e.g., don't include the expression [x] where x is a utf-8 character).

A pair of colons is ALWAYS allowed for all languages. Additional pairs allowed in Dutch:

• [.] [.]
• [uh] [m]

🔬 Fractional second separator

When specifying fractional seconds, the most common way is to use a decimal point (.). Some languages may specify a different separator. If this is done, it is a regular expression.

The decimal point is ALWAYS allowed for all languages. Additional separators for this language:

• Not defined in this language

🐛 KNOWN BUGS

None known.

🐞 BUGS AND QUESTIONS

Please refer to the Date::Manip::Problems documentation for information on submitting bug reports or questions to the author.

📚 SEE ALSO

• Date::Manip — main module documentation

📄 LICENSE

This script is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

✍️ AUTHOR

Sullivan Beck (sbeck AT cpan.org)

perl v5.32.1 — 2021-11-20 — Date::Manip::Lang::dutch(3pm)

📖 NAME 🚀 Quick Reference 📋 SYNOPSIS 🗣️ LANGUAGE EXPRESSIONS 🐛 KNOWN BUGS 🐞 BUGS AND QUESTIONS 📚 SEE ALSO 📄 LICENSE ✍️ AUTHOR