TZFILE(5) TZFILE(5)
NAME
tzfile - time zone information
SYNOPSIS
#include <tzfile.h>
DESCRIPTION
The time zone information files used by tzset(3) begin with the magic characters
"TZif" to identify then as time zone information files, followed by sixteen bytes
reserved for future use, followed by six four-byte values of type long, written in
a ‘‘standard’’ byte order (the high-order byte of the value is written first).
These values are, in order:
tzh_ttisgmtcnt
The number of UTC/local indicators stored in the file.
tzh_ttisstdcnt
The number of standard/wall indicators stored in the file.
tzh_leapcnt
The number of leap seconds for which data is stored in the file.
tzh_timecnt
The number of "transition times" for which data is stored in the file.
tzh_typecnt
The number of "local time types" for which data is stored in the file (must
not be zero).
tzh_charcnt
The number of characters of "time zone abbreviation strings" stored in the
file.
The above header is followed by tzh_timecnt four-byte values of type long, sorted
in ascending order. These values are written in ‘‘standard’’ byte order. Each is
used as a transition time (as returned by time(2)) at which the rules for computing
local time change. Next come tzh_timecnt one-byte values of type unsigned char;
each one tells which of the different types of ‘‘local time’’ types described in
the file is associated with the same-indexed transition time. These values serve
as indices into an array of ttinfo structures that appears next in the file; these
structures are defined as follows:
struct ttinfo {
long tt_gmtoff;
int tt_isdst;
unsigned int tt_abbrind;
};
Each structure is written as a four-byte value for tt_gmtoff of type long, in a
standard byte order, followed by a one-byte value for tt_isdst and a one-byte value
for tt_abbrind. In each structure, tt_gmtoff gives the number of seconds to be
added to UTC, tt_isdst tells whether tm_isdst should be set by localtime(3), and
tt_abbrind serves as an index into the array of time zone abbreviation characters
that follow the ttinfo structure(s) in the file.
Then there are tzh_leapcnt pairs of four-byte values, written in standard byte
order; the first value of each pair gives the time (as returned by time(2)) at
which a leap second occurs; the second gives the total number of leap seconds to be
applied after the given time. The pairs of values are sorted in ascending order by
time.
Then there are tzh_ttisstdcnt standard/wall indicators, each stored as a one-byte
value; they tell whether the transition times associated with local time types were
specified as standard time or wall clock time, and are used when a time zone file
is used in handling POSIX-style time zone environment variables.
Finally, there are tzh_ttisgmtcnt UTC/local indicators, each stored as a one-byte
value; they tell whether the transition times associated with local time types were
specified as UTC or local time, and are used when a time zone file is used in han-
dling POSIX-style time zone environment variables.
Localtime uses the first standard-time ttinfo structure in the file (or simply the
first ttinfo structure in the absence of a standard-time structure) if either
tzh_timecnt is zero or the time argument is less than the first transition time
recorded in the file.
TZFILE(5)
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