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KILL(1)                    Linux Programmer’s Manual                   KILL(1)



NAME
       kill - terminate a process

SYNOPSIS
       kill [ -s signal | -p ] [ -a ] [ -- ] pid ...
       kill -l [ signal ]

DESCRIPTION
       The  command  kill  sends  the specified signal to the specified process or process
       group.  If no signal is specified, the TERM signal is sent.  The TERM  signal  will
       kill processes which do not catch this signal.  For other processes, it may be nec-
       essary to use the KILL (9) signal, since this signal cannot be caught.

       Most modern shells have a builtin kill function, with a  usage  rather  similar  to
       that  of the command described here. The ‘-a’ and ‘-p’ options, and the possibility
       to specify pids by command name is a local extension.

OPTIONS
       pid... Specify the list of processes that kill should signal.  Each pid can be  one
              of five things:


              n      where n is larger than 0.  The process with pid n will be signaled.

              0      All processes in the current process group are signaled.

              -1     All processes with pid larger than 1 will be signaled.

              -n     where  n is larger than 1.  All processes in process group n are sig-
                     naled.  When an argument of the form ‘-n’ is given, and it  is  meant
                     to denote a process group, either the signal must be specified first,
                     or the argument must be preceded by a ‘--’ option, otherwise it  will
                     be taken as the signal to send.

              commandname
                     All processes invoked using that name will be signaled.

       -s signal
              Specify  the  signal  to  send.  The signal may be given as a signal name or
              number.

       -l     Print a list of signal names.  These are  found  in  /usr/include/linux/sig-
              nal.h

       -a     Do not restrict the commandname-to-pid conversion to processes with the same
              uid as the present process.

       -p     Specify that kill should only print the process id (pid) of the  named  pro-
              cesses, and not send any signals.

SEE ALSO
       bash(1), tcsh(1), kill(2), sigvec(2), signal(7)

AUTHOR
       Taken  from  BSD  4.4.   The  ability to translate process names to process ids was
       added by Salvatore Valente <svalente AT mit.edu>.



Linux Utilities                 14 October 1994                        KILL(1)

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