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CONNECT(2) Linux Programmer’s Manual CONNECT(2)
NAME
connect - initiate a connection on a socket
SYNOPSIS
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
int connect(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *serv_addr, socklen_t addrlen);
DESCRIPTION
The file descriptor sockfd must refer to a socket. If the socket is of type
SOCK_DGRAM then the serv_addr address is the address to which datagrams are sent by
default, and the only address from which datagrams are received. If the socket is
of type SOCK_STREAM or SOCK_SEQPACKET, this call attempts to make a connection to
another socket. The other socket is specified by serv_addr, which is an address
(of length addrlen) in the communications space of the socket. Each communications
space interprets the serv_addr parameter in its own way.
Generally, connection-based protocol sockets may successfully connect only once;
connectionless protocol sockets may use connect multiple times to change their
association. Connectionless sockets may dissolve the association by connecting to
an address with the sa_family member of sockaddr set to AF_UNSPEC.
RETURN VALUE
If the connection or binding succeeds, zero is returned. On error, -1 is returned,
and errno is set appropriately.
ERRORS
The following are general socket errors only. There may be other domain-specific
error codes.
EBADF The file descriptor is not a valid index in the descriptor table.
EFAULT The socket structure address is outside the user’s address space.
ENOTSOCK
The file descriptor is not associated with a socket.
EISCONN
The socket is already connected.
ECONNREFUSED
No one listening on the remote address.
ETIMEDOUT
Timeout while attempting connection. The server may be too busy to accept
new connections. Note that for IP sockets the timeout may be very long when
syncookies are enabled on the server.
ENETUNREACH
Network is unreachable.
EADDRINUSE
Local address is already in use.
EINPROGRESS
The socket is non-blocking and the connection cannot be completed immedi-
ately. It is possible to select(2) or poll(2) for completion by selecting
the socket for writing. After select indicates writability, use getsock-
opt(2) to read the SO_ERROR option at level SOL_SOCKET to determine whether
connect completed successfully (SO_ERROR is zero) or unsuccessfully
(SO_ERROR is one of the usual error codes listed here, explaining the reason
for the failure).
EALREADY
The socket is non-blocking and a previous connection attempt has not yet
been completed.
EAGAIN No more free local ports or insufficient entries in the routing cache. For
PF_INET see the net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range sysctl in ip(7) on how to
increase the number of local ports.
EAFNOSUPPORT
The passed address didn’t have the correct address family in its sa_family
field.
EACCES, EPERM
The user tried to connect to a broadcast address without having the socket
broadcast flag enabled or the connection request failed because of a local
firewall rule.
CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.4BSD (the connect function first appeared in BSD 4.2). SVr4 documents the
additional general error codes EADDRNOTAVAIL, EINVAL, EAFNOSUPPORT, EALREADY,
EINTR, EPROTOTYPE, and ENOSR. It also documents many additional error conditions
not described here.
NOTE
The third argument of connect is in reality an int (and this is what BSD 4.* and
libc4 and libc5 have). Some POSIX confusion resulted in the present socklen_t.
The draft standard has not been adopted yet, but glibc2 already follows it and also
has socklen_t. See also accept(2).
BUGS
Unconnecting a socket by calling connect with a AF_UNSPEC address is not yet imple-
mented.
SEE ALSO
accept(2), bind(2), listen(2), socket(2), getsockname(2)
Linux 2.2 1998-10-03 CONNECT(2)
Generated by $Id: phpMan.php,v 4.55 2007/09/05 04:42:51 chedong Exp $ Author: Che Dong
On Apache/1.3.41 (Unix) PHP/5.2.5 mod_perl/1.30 mod_gzip/1.3.26.1a
Under GNU General Public License
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